PHYSICS UNIT

MODULE PHYSICS
MODULE 1
UNDERSTANDING OF INERTIA

1. Figures 1(a) and 1(b) show two blocks at different size lay on the floor. Two blocks
are pushing with the same force.
block
block

Figure 1(a) Figure 1(b)

(a) Which block would be easier to push?

(b) Which block would be harder to push?

(c) Relate between mass and the motion of the block.

2. Figures 2(a) and 2(b) show the conditions of the plastic cups before and after pulling
the card. Figures 3(a) and 3(b) show the conditions of the books before and after pulling.

Figure 2(a) Figure 2(b)

Figure 3(a) Figure 3(b)

(a) Based on the figures 2(a),2(b), 3(a) and 3(b), state the similarities before and after
quick pulling.

(b) The plastic cup and the books are initially at ………………..

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(c) They will continue stay at ……………………………..

3. Figure 4(a) shows the conditions of the bus driver and passengers when the bus
moving with constant speed. Figure 4(b) shows the conditions of bus driver and
passenger when the bus stops suddenly.

Figure 4

(a) State the similarities between bus driver and passengers in the figure 4(a).

(b) What happens to the bus driver and passengers when the bus stops suddenly?

(c) When the bus stops suddenly, our feet are brought to rest(stationary), but our body
tends to ………………………………..

(d) The reluctance to keep our body in motion is called …………………….

4. The inertia of an object is tendency of the object(body) to remain

(a) ………………………….. or
(b) moving with constant motion(speed) if ………………………………….

5. The concert of inertia was summed up in a law, first forward by Sir Isaac Newton in
1687 which states that;
If no external force is acting on an object(body), the object will continue

(a) …………………………………….. or

(b) ………………………………….

This called Newton’s …………………………….

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6. Figures 5(a) and 5(b) show the situations of the passengers when the bus starts
suddenly and stops suddenly.

Figure 5(a) Figure 5(b)

(a) Based on the figure 5(a), when the bus starts suddenly, the passengers will

………………..
(b) Based on figure 5(b), when the bus stops suddenly, the passengers will

…………………

7. Figures 6(a) and 6(b) show the braking distance between a car and a treller.

Figure 6(a) Figure 6(b)

(a) Compare the braking distance between the car and the treller.

(b) Compare between masses of the car and the treller.

(c) The larger mass of the object takes …………………………

(d) The larger mass of the object, the more difficult its is to ………………………………

(e) The larger massof the object, the larger ………………………..

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8. Figures 7(a) and 7(b) show the egg is spining, press with fingertip to stop the motion
and then released.

Table
Figure 7(a)

Table Figure 7(b)

Based on figures 7(a) and 7(b), which egg is

(a) raw(unboiled)? Explain.

(b) hard-boiled? Explain.

Note : Inside an egg has yolk and liquid.

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 MODULE 2
ANALYSING THE MOMENTUM

1. Figures 1(a) and 1(b) show different masses of the plasticines were used to drop onto
the hard floor.

Figure 1(a) Figure 1(b)

(a) Based on the figure 1(a), which plasticine

(i) is more distorted(changed) in shape?

(ii) has the more mass?

(b) Based on the figure 1(b), which plasticine

(i) is more distorted in shape?

(ii) has the more velocity.

(c) The plasticine that has greater the mass and velocity is said to be has

………………….

2. (a) Momentum is defined as the product of …………………………………..

(b) or momentum can be written as
(c) In symbol, p =
(d) Unit momentum is
(e) momentum is a ………………….. quantity.

3. Calculate the momentum of the following in figure 3.

Figure 3(a) Figure 3(b) Figure 3(c)

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4. Figure 4 shows the graph of velocity against time for motion of a car.

Figure 4

Based on the figure above, which part of the graph, the car has
(a) increase in momentum.

(b) constant in momentum.

(c) decrease in momentum.

5. Figure 5 shows two trolleys collide and move separately after collision.

Before collision After collision

Figure 5
Write down the equation of total momentum
(a) before collision.

(b) after collision.

6. Table 1 shows the situation of the trolleys before and after collision. Complete table 1
by writing the equation before and after collision.

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Situation motion of the trolleys Equation of momentum

Before collision After collision Before collision After collision

(a)

(b)

(c)

Table 1

7. Figure 6 shows two trolleys collide and stick together after collision.

Figure 6
Calculate
(a) total momentum before collision.

(b) total momentum after collision.

(c) the common velocity, V after collision.

8. The principle of conservation of the momentum states that;

In any collision or explosion between two or more objects, the total momentum of
the system ……………………………………….
Or total momentum before collision equals to ……………………………………

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9. Figure 8 shows two trolleys collide and move separately after collision.

Figure 8
Table 3 shows the data were obtained during before and after collision of the trolleys.

Before collision After collision

m1/kg u1/m/s m2/kg u2/m/s m1/kg v1/m/s m2/kg v2/m/s

2.0 0.48 1.0 0 2.0 0.16 1.0 0.64

Table 3
(a) Based on table 3, calculate
(i) total momentum before collision.

(ii) total momentum after collision.

(b) Does the total momentum before equals to total momentum after collision?

(c) Based on table 3, calculate

(i) total kinetic energy before collision.

(ii) total kinetic after collsion.

Hint : Use kinetic energy = ½ x m x v2

Where m = mass and v is velocity.

(d) Does total kinetic energy before collision equals to total kinetic energy after collision?

(e) What is the type of collision occurs in figure 8?

10. In an elastic collision, mark with / for correct answer.

Total momentum remains constant

Kinetic energy is conserved.
Objects move separately after collision.

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11. Figure 9 shows two trolleys collide and stick together after collision.

Figure 9
Table 4 shows the data were obtained during collision.

Before collision After collision

m1/kg u1/m/s m2/kg u2/m/s m1/kg m2/kg V/m/s

1.0 0.630 1.0 0 1.0 1.0 0.315

Table 4
(a) Based on the table 4, calculate
(i) total momentum before collision.

(ii) total momentum after collision.

(b) Does total momentum before collision equals to total momentum after collision?

(c) Based on table 4, calculate

(i) total kinetic energy before collision.

(ii) total kinetic energy after collision.

Hint: Use kinetic energy = ½ x m x v2

(d) Does total kinetic energy before collision equals to total kinetic energy after collision?

12. In an inelastic collision, mark with for correct answer.

Momentum is conserved.
Kinetic energy is conserved
Objects stick together after collision

13. In an elastic collision, total momentum is

A decreased
B increased
C unchanged

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14. Figures 8(a) and 8(b) show the cannons before and after explosion.

Figure 8(a) Figure 8(b)

(a) Before explosion both cannon and cannon ball(bullet) are at rest. What is the total
momentum before collision?

(b) After explosion, cannon moves to backwards and cannon ball moves forwards. Write
down the equation of the total momentum after explosion.

(c) Let the total momentum before explosion equals to total momentum after collision,
write down the equation to find the recoil(backward) velocity of the cannon.

(d) The masses of the cannon and cannon ball are 500 kg and 5 kg respectively, calculate
the recoil velocity of the cannon if the velocity of the cannon ball is 20 m/s.

(e) State the physics principle that is involved in the movement of the cannon when
explosion.

(f) Explain why the cannon moves away when explosion.

15. Figure 9 shows a girl and her brother are on an ice rink.

Figure 9

(a) Before they push each other, what is the total momentum?

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(b) After they pushing each other, write down the equation of the total momentum.

(c) Use the total momentum before equals to total momentum after pushing, calculate the
velocity of the girl if the boy moves off(away) at 0.6 m/s.

16. Figure 10 shows a ballon filed with air is held and the released.

Figure 10(a) Figure 10(b)

Based on principle of physics, explain how the ballon can move upwards.

17. Figure 11 shows a rocket is launching at Guyana Island.

(a) Explain what happens to the liquids of the oxygen and hydrogen.
(b) What happens to the hot gasses?
(c) Explain how the rocket moves upward.
(d) Explain why the rocket can fly to an outer space.

18. Figure 12 shows two trolleys are exploded apart.

Figure 12
Calculate the mass, m the trolley.

MHA/23032006 END OF THE MODULE

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