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Teacher’s activity:
Gives feedback or comments on progress achieved by the learner
Checks learner’s work
Conducts oral defense of learner’s work
CONTENT
QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE
1. THE PHENOMENON 1. The Problem and Its
Background
1.1 The Introduction
The introductory part describes the 1.1 Introduction
background, concepts, scope and This is the part of a research that
limitations of the study gives a brief introduction of the
It makes the reason clear why the study being conducted in a macro
topic under investigation is worth approach or large scale approach.
pursuing.(rationale) Possibly 1-2 pages long.
It states the relevance/significance The introduction usually
of the study to SHS students. emphasizes relevant literature
It ends with the purpose of the and research that substantiates
study (explanatory, exploratory, the relevance and scope of the
descriptive and evaluative) problem.
Use current statistics and
1.2 The Problem Statement literature in documenting the
present state of the problem or
The research question or need for need for conducting the study.
study This section should be concluded
Qualitative Research problem should with the purpose of the study.
be anchored depending on the
strand of the students who are 1.2 Background of the Study
conducting research
Constructions may be derive from This part presents the background
the literature review, personal and scope of the study to make
experience, personal knowledge and clear the reasons why the topic is
observation worth pursuing.
This delimits the area under
1.3 The Objectives investigation
This part discusses extensive
The central and specific purposes of reasons why the topic is
the study related to the tradition of important
inquiry (Phenomenological, Case A more expounded discussion of
Study, Oral History, Ethnography, the relevant literature and
Grounded Theory, Critical Research, research that substantiates the
and Action Research) relevance and scope of the
Specific objectives should be problem.
numbered so that these can easily Brief citation of the setting of the
be the point of reference in study. The
reporting results participants/respondents and its
scope should be presented.
1.4 The Study Framework
1.3 Theoretical Framework
In the case of Grounded Theory
Studies, the researchers’ emphasis This part describes and explains
is on the generation of the theory/theories that are
theory/theories. Researchers may related and relevant to the
formulate new paradigm based on problem which are drawn from
the research results. related literature or studies.
Researchers may customize the It clarifies the relationship
existing theory (Customized between and among the major
Paradigm) variables of the theory.
Researchers may integrate concepts If there’s any, the original model
from two (2) or more theories. should be illustrated.
(Integrated Paradigm
1.4 Conceptual Framework
1.5 Theoretical Paradigm
This part discusses how the
Theoretical Paradigm: elements of the cited
Theory/theories drawn by theory/theories are applied in the
communication scholars which may study.
guide and explain the concepts as The diagram or paradigm (original
well as the underlying research or adapted) and how it was
epistemology conceived/applied in the study
(assumptions/postulates) and its corresponding explanation
thereof is also an important part
1.7 Conceptual Paradigm of this section.
Dll
Content
Analytical
Theoretical
Conceptual