Technical Specification

...DB3100...

SANITARY PLUMBING AND WATER TREATMENT

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MER_WE_DB3100_PLUMBING - ASIAN EDITION-10/2007
 INTRODUCTION
A TERMINOLOGY USED IN THIS DOCUMENT

• CLIENT (or OWNER) - indicates the person or company on behalf of whom the services or work are to
be carried out.

• CONSTRUCTOR - indicates all of the architects, interior designers (or decorators), specifiers, quantity
surveyors, consulting engineers, co-ordinators, consultants, statutory supervisors, contractors,
suppliers, who are responsible for the design, site management and execution of the works and the
technical supervision of the construction work, the services installations and the external works.

• ACCOR SPECIFICATIONS - indicates the whole of the written documents, drawings and diagrams, as
laid down by ACCOR (including this technical specification) which comprise the hotel (or trade)
requirements of the Brand and which define the criteria for the construction of projects for each of the
Accor brands. These documents may be copied partially for the construction of an ACCOR project (but
never reproduced in full) provided that they are checked and adapted in order to satisfy the obligation
to produce a result and, in particular, to meet construction regulations and particular site conditions.

ACCOR shall retain the intellectual property rights to these documents, which are provided solely for
the project which is to be constructed. The use of these documents on another project or their
distribution to third parties having no direct connection with the project shall be strictly forbidden.

• CONSTRUCTION REGULATIONS - indicates all of the regulations, standards and local practices
applicable to the design, calculation and execution of the works. The Construction Regulations shall be
those of the country, region or locality. They shall apply in addition to ACCOR'S specifications. If there is
any contradiction between certain technical data, the Construction Regulations shall take precedence,
but the effects of such a contradiction must be examined so that the hotel functions and levels of
technical performance are nevertheless satisfied.

• PARTICULAR SITE CONDITIONS - indicates the climatic, geological and hydrological data and the natural
dangers of the site where the project is to take place, which the CONSTRUCTORS must identify, analyse
and make allowance for in the design and execution of the works.

B OBLIGATION TO PRODUCE A RESULT

The ACCOR SPECIFICATIONS do not replace the need for the CONSTRUCTORS, including mainly the
Consulting Engineers, to carry out a full technical design so that the works can be carried out in
accordance with their undertaking to produce a result, which shall comprise:

- the completion and the functionality of the works

- the application of the ACCOR SPECIFICATIONS and of the CONSTRUCTION REGULATIONS
- obtaining the specified levels of performance
- making allowance for the particular conditions of the site
- the guarantees to produce a result and of proper operation.

C CONSTRUCTORS' RESPONSIBILITIES AND GUARANTEES

The CONSTRUCTORS shall assume full responsibility for the design, the execution and the technical
supervision of the works. The ACCOR SPECIFICATION documents shall not be a substitute for the project
drawings, specifications, technical notices and working drawings which are to be prepared by the
CONSTRUCTORS. They shall not relieve the CONSTRUCTORS of their responsibilities or of the guarantees
arising from them.

The documents produced by ACCOR, and the work for which they are appointed in order to integrate the
criteria for the Brand, shall not be used to challenge the contractual commitment of the CONSTRUCTORS,
or the responsibilities and guarantees that they are to provide. For the application of this clause, the
CONSTRUCTORS' responsibility shall be considered overall, without any allowance for a sharing of
responsibility between them, and shall depend on the allocation of work between them, as defined in the
participants' appointments and in the contractors' contracts.

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 CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION 4
1.1 Generally.............................................................................................................................................................4
1.2 Control over impact on the environment ..............................................................................................................5
1.2.1 Energy/water .......................................................................................................................................5
1.2.2 Materials..............................................................................................................................................5
1.2.3 Hygiene ...............................................................................................................................................5

2 COMFORT AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA 6

2.1 General ...............................................................................................................................................................6
2.2 Supply flow rates to the fittings ............................................................................................................................7
2.3 Water consumption .............................................................................................................................................8
2.4 Service pressures (cold or hot water) ..................................................................................................................8
2.5 Temperature of the DHW ....................................................................................................................................8
2.6 Periods of waiting for domestic hot water ............................................................................................................8
2.7 Acoustic levels ..................................................................................................................................................10
2.8 Water Quality ....................................................................................................................................................10
2.9 Water Storage ...................................................................................................................................................10

3 SIZING AND DESIGN CRITERIA 11

3.1 Pressure pipework (CW and dhw) .....................................................................................................................11
3.1.1 Coincidence factor .............................................................................................................................11
3.1.2 Water speed ......................................................................................................................................11
3.1.3 Minimum diameter .............................................................................................................................12
3.1.4 Circulation of domestic hot water .......................................................................................................12
3.1.5 Recommendations for the CW and DHW services .............................................................................12
3.2 Waste services..................................................................................................................................................13
3.2.1 Rainwater services ............................................................................................................................13
3.2.2 Recommendations for rainwater systems ..........................................................................................13
3.2.3 Soil and waste drains.........................................................................................................................13
3.2.4 Interceptors........................................................................................................................................14
3.2.5 Recommendations for the soil and waste drainage ............................................................................14
3.3 Hygiene.............................................................................................................................................................15
3.3.1 Generally ...........................................................................................................................................15
3.3.2 Precautions........................................................................................................................................15
3.3.3 Disinfection ........................................................................................................................................16
3.3.4 Physical and chemical characteristics of the water.............................................................................16
3.3.5 Bacteriological characteristics of the water.........................................................................................16
3.4 Service pressures..............................................................................................................................................17
3.5 Maintenance......................................................................................................................................................17
3.6 General requirements........................................................................................................................................17

4 PLANT CHARACTERISTICS 18
4.1 Pumps and pressurisation systems ...................................................................................................................18
4.2 Water softener...................................................................................................................................................18
4.3 Services under pressure....................................................................................................................................18
4.3.1 Cold water pipework ..........................................................................................................................18
4.3.2 Domestic hot water pipework .............................................................................................................19
4.3.3 Drainage............................................................................................................................................19
4.3.4 Valves................................................................................................................................................19
4.4 Instrumentation .................................................................................................................................................20
4.5 Insulation...........................................................................................................................................................20

5 COMMISSIONING AND HANDOVER – REFER TO ACCOR DOCUMENT ********** 20

SEE THE SET OF DIAGRAMS WHICH FORMS AN ANNEXE TO THIS DOCUMENT

SEE TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION MER_DB3210 FOR DOMESTIC HOT WATER PRODUCTION

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1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERALLY

• Introduction

This document sets out the ACCOR specifications concerning plumbing installations in
ACCOR hotels. These installations shall be carried out in compliance with the general
standards and rules acknowledged at an international level, with local regulations and the
requirements of the local authorities, with ACCOR specifications, with good trade practice
and with the project specifications.
The contract for the works shall be awarded to a qualified contractor who shall carry out
regular self-checks, the results of which shall be kept available on the site.

The services installations shall be designed to the correct capacity and to meet requirements
without being over sophisticated. They shall remain simple and easily understood by the staff
who have to operate them, who must be able, by the simple use of an automatic/manual
switch, to turn off automatic operation and to control the installation manually.
The equipment must be installed in full compliance with the manufacturers'
recommendations. It must be suitable for the use for which it is designed.

The systems shall be designed so as to be durable and the equipment shall be selected so
as to minimise operating and maintenance costs. They shall be designed to integrate with
the fitting out and the decoration of the premises.

The technical staff must be provided with the necessary information to manage the
installation effectively (status of the equipment, detailed energy consumption, etc.).

• Sample bedroom (including service duct)

A sample bedroom, with its associated service duct, shall be constructed right at the start of
the works, complete with its finishes, equipment and furniture. The Owner and his Hotel
Technical Consultant (ACCOR) will inspect it and make any comments they see fit.

• Fire safety

(see technical specification MER_DD3610)

The basic ACCOR rules shall apply in all countries, subject to adaptations to suit local
requirements which may require additional, more onerous, facilities.
In the event that local regulations or requirements are different from or incompatible with
basic ACCOR rules, any adaptations to the basic ACCOR rules must be submitted for
ACCOR's approval.
The materials used shall have fire resistance and combustion characteristics to comply with
ACCOR rules and with local regulations and requirements.

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1.2 CONTROL OVER IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT

The installations shall be designed with due regard for the environment, particularly:

1.2.1 ENERGY/WATER

Consumption shall be minimised:

• The sizing of the installations shall be optimised in order to restrict their physical size and
their energy consumption.
• Water consumption shall be restricted to the amount needed without affecting the
comfort of guests.
• Refrigeration systems using water that runs to waste shall be forbidden.
• Taps that turn them selves off on a timing device or electronically-controlled taps shall be
provided in public toilets.
• Taps on basins and showers shall be fitted with flow restrictors. The flow restrictors shall
remain effective even if pressures upstream are not the same for each fitting (Neoperl
limiters).
• The capacity of flushing cisterns shall be limited to 6 litres – twin flush cisterns with
capacities of 6 and 3 litres shall be used.
• DHW services shall be carefully insulated in order to avoid energy losses.

In areas of higher water cost, provision for treating and recycling water for use in irrigation
and WC flushing should be considered for the following:
(i) Waste water from showers, baths and basins,
(ii) Waste water from the laundry,
(iii) Condensate from the AC systems,
(iv) Storm water / rainwater.

1.2.2 M ATERIALS

The materials used for the construction of the installations shall be selected by preference
from those whose manufacture, installation, maintenance and destruction cause as little
pollution as possible.
The use of materials which are renewable formed from recycled products or from products
available in abundance is always to be encouraged.

1.2.3 HYGIENE

Hygiene is an absolutely basic requirement; everything shall be done to reduce sanitary

risks, in particular:
• The use of materials creating a danger for health shall be forbidden,
• Plant and materials shall be selected and installed so that they are easy to keep clean
and to maintain,
• Waste pipes shall be trapped in order to prevent them connecting with ambient air,
• All precautions shall be taken to avoid the development of bacteria, and in particular
legionnella pneumophila.

See the chapter "Hygiene", later in this specification, which gives further details on this point

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2 COMFORT AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
2.1 GENERAL

The plumbing installations shall be designed so that each draw off point can provide:
• a sufficient quantity,
• at the correct pressure,
• rapidly,
• at the required temperature,
• with a low level of noise,
of water with the correct physical, chemical and biological characteristics.

Distribution of the water must be achieved:

• Without corroding the service pipework
• Limiting the consequences of any leaks
• To integrate with the fitting out and the decoration of the premises

Further details of these points are given in the sections below.

A complete sanitary installation shall be provided. All fixtures shall be vented to atmosphere
and the system designed to prevent siphonage of traps and to provide rapid and silent
discharge of waste. The soils and wastes systems shall be connected to the public sewer
system or to a private treatment plant.
A storm drainage system shall be provided for the whole development with means of
draining rainwater and surface water to the public drainage systems.

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 2.2 SUPPLY FLOW RATES TO THE FITTINGS

AREAS FITTINGS FLOW RATE AT TAPS (l/sec)

CW only HW only CW+HW
Baths 0.33 0.33 0.40 (2)
Basins 0.10 (1) 0.10 (1) 0.10 (1)
WC with cistern 0.12 0.12
Bedrooms Total for bedroom 0.55 (1) 0.43 (1) 0.62 (1)
Shower, if applicable 0.12 0.12 0.15 (1)
High pressure shower, if 0.30 0.30 0.40
applicable
Bidet, if applicable 0.10 0.10 0.15
Public Showers 0.12 0.12 0.15 (1)
and Basins 0.10 (1) 0.10 (1) 0.10 (1)
staff Urinals 0.15 0.15
toilets WC with cistern 0.12 0.12
Sink, cleaner's sink 0.20 0.20 0.24
Sundry ½‘’ tap 0.33 0.33
¾’’ tap 0.42 0.42
Laundry machines To be stated on the equipment drawings
½’’ sink taps 0.33 0.33 0.40
Pantry kitchen ¾’’ sink taps 0.42 0.42 0.50
Machines To be stated on the equipment drawings
Swimming Pool Period
pool
150 m3 6 hours 6.94 6.94
200 m3 7 hours 7.94 7.94
300 m3 8 hours 10.42 10.42
(1) A flow restrictor shall be fitted on the terminal taps
(2) filling a 150 l bath in 6 minutes

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 2.3 WATER CONSUMPTION

Consumption in litres per day

General cold Hotel without laundry 650 litres per bedroom

water supply Hotel with laundry 750 litres per bedroom
Plus garden watering 10 l per m² of planted area
For each bedroom 150 litres
Domestic Hot Water For the kitchen 3000 litres for a 250 bed
at 55°C hotel.
2000 l for a hotel < 150 beds.
For the laundry room 50% of the kitchen
Increase in cold water and Tourist hotel or in tropical or Plus 30%
DHW equatorial climates

The consumption of DHW is indicated for a temperature of 55°C. Actual consumption will be
proportionately higher if the distribution temperature is set at a lower level.

2.4 SERVICE PRESSURES (COLD OR HOT WATER)

• Minimum value: 1.8 bar at the least favourable tap (top of system, end of run) at the time
of peak demand on the installation.
• Maximum value: 3.5 bar (at the taps on the lower levels), when demand is low.

At all drawoff points, the pressure shall be kept constant; variations shall be
• <±0.3 bar around the average pressure for slow variations (>3 min)
• <±0.1 bar around the average pressure for rapid variations (<15 secs)
• The difference in pressure between the cold water and hot water shall be stable (there
shall not be relative variations in pressure between the two services, in order to avoid
pulses of hot or cold water under the showers, which is not in the best interests of guest
comfort).

2.5 TEMPERATURE OF THE DHW

• At the point of production, if storage cylinders are used, the storage temperature shall be
60°C under normal circumstances, with the possibili ty of increasing it exceptionally to
70°C for 30 minutes.
• The temperature of distribution of the DHW (on leaving the point of production) shall be
55°C under normal circumstances, with the possibili ty of increasing it exceptionally to
70°C for 30 minutes.

Under normal circumstances, the temperature of the DHW when leaving the point of
production shall be kept constant; acceptable variations shall be:
− <±2° C around the set point for slow variations (>3 m in)
− <±1.5° C around the set point for rapid variations (< 15 secs).
The difference between the temperature leaving the point of DHW production and the
temperature at any drawoff point shall not exceed 3°C.

• In bathrooms, the maximum temperature of DHW at the drawoff points shall be restricted
to 50°C

2.6 PERIODS OF WAITING FOR DOMESTIC HOT WATER

The periods of waiting for the arrival of the domestic hot water on opening the tap shall not
exceed the following:
• Bedrooms and public toilets: 5 seconds
• Service areas: 10 seconds

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ACCOR DGTH – Expertises et Méthodes
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 2.7 ACOUSTIC LEVELS

The noise levels in the rooms shall comply with ACCOR's acoustic specifications (see
Technical Specification MER_DA_0040 ), in particular:

LnAT in the room Equipment producing the noise LnAT

Public common area equipment in the building <25 dB(A)
Bedroom Sanitary equipment (bath and WC) in the adjoining room <30 dB(A)
Sanitary equipment in the adjacent service duct <30 dB(A)

Moreover, no vibration caused by the operation of the services installations shall be

perceptible to the occupants of the bedrooms or public areas and attention shall be paid in
particular to the following points:
• water hammer,
• circulation noises in the water pipework,
• noises from WC cisterns,
• noises from wastes and stacks
• noises from pumps.

2.8 WATER QUALITY

Potable water supplies shall comply with international standards. Check valves or other
methods of backflow prevention, in accordance with local and/or international codes, shall be
provided to prevent

2.9 WATER STORAGE

Storage tanks shall have a minimum 2 sections, to allow maintenance of one section without
interrupting supply to the hotel.

The water storage shall be sufficient to supply the hotels water consumption for 24 hours.

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3 SIZING AND DESIGN CRITERIA
3.1 PRESSURE PIPEWORK (CW AND DHW)

3.1.1 COINCIDENCE FACTOR

The supply pipework shall be designed on the basis of

• the flow rates and pressures indicated in section 2 and
• the coincidence factor y given below (x = number of fittings):
2
y = 0,02 +
x −1

No. of Factor No. of Factor No. of Factor

fittings Y fittings Y fittings Y
1 to 5 1.00 20 0.48 100 0.22
6 0.90 22 0.46 125 0.20
7 0.84 25 0.43 150 0.18
8 0.78 30 0.39 200 0.16
9 0.73 35 0.36 300 0.14
10 0.69 40 0.34 400 0.12
12 0.62 45 0.32 600 0.10
14 0.57 50 0.31 800 0.09
18 0.51 80 0.25 1400 and + 0.07

The following points shall not be taken into account:

• the shower, where the bedroom is fitted with both a bath and a shower,
• bidets if applicable
• filling of the swimming pool

The flow rate of garden watering taps shall be added to the peak flow rate of the cold water
installation:

Total No. of taps at No. in simultaneous

0.42 l/sec service
1 to 6 5
7 to 9 6
10 to 15 7
over 15 8

The flow rate of the items of equipment in the laundry shall be added to the peak flow rate of
the hot and cold water supply installations.

Any increases for particular climates or sites shall not have an effect on the instantaneous
flow rates.

3.1.2 WATER SPEED

The maximum speed of circulation of the cold water and of the domestic hot water at the
time of the peak flow rate shall be set on the basis of the acoustic criteria (operational noises
in the installation) and shall not exceed the following values:

Bedroom risers 1.20m/sec

Supply to the risers 2.00m/sec
Terminal distribution to toilets 1.00m/sec
Distribution to the kitchen 1.50m/sec
General supply 2.00m/sec

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 3.1.3 MINIMUM DIAMETER

Whatever diameter is calculated on the basis of the above elements, the minimum internal
diameter of the pipes to be used in the cold water and domestic hot water services shall be
10 mm for copper and 15 mm for other materials.

3.1.4 CIRCULATION OF DOMESTIC HOT WATER

In order to avoid waiting time, the domestic hot water shall be permanently circulated. The
system shall be balanced so that the circulation is homogenous in all of the pipework (risers
shall be fitted with adjustment valves).
• At the point of production, the difference in temperature between the flow and the return
shall not exceed 5°C.
• The circulation speed shall be 10 litres per hour per bedroom.
Comment: the circulation speed may be greater than 10 l/hr if the difference between the
flow and return temperatures is less than 5°C . (Th e average loss of energy shall be less
than 1.4 kWh per bedroom per day)

For reasons of hygiene, it shall not be permitted to maintain the temperature of the water by
trace heating, without permanent circulation.

3.1.5 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE CW AND DHW SERVICES

Pipework

• Installed in such a way that expansion can take place normally,

• Separated from the structure of the building using resilient layers fixed to the supports,
the spacing of which shall be designed to suit the characteristics of the pipes in order to
prevent their deformation,
• Fitted with non-combustible compressible sleeves where passing through walls and
slabs,
• Shall not be chased into masonry walls,
• Low points fitted with a drain off device, high points with an air bleed valve,
• With a slight slope to allow proper draining down and bleeding,
• Fitted with the necessary devices to prevent water hammers, particularly at the tops of
risers.
• Risers formed from pipes of a constant diameter, except in high rise buildings,
• Connections at each floor level to the cold water riser and the hot water riser with:
− If necessary, a pressure relief valve and stop valve (pressure relief valves may
be necessary at the lower levels. If the water is distributed from the top, any
pressure relief valves may be installed on the riser itself).
− A manifold with a connection point for each bedroom supplied.
− A valve (and an anti-pollution damper if required by the regulations) on the
connection to each bedroom.
• Flexible connections (XLPE or woven stainless steel) for the sanitary fittings,
• It must be possible for all circuits or items of apparatus to be isolated.
• Easy access to filters, isolation and adjustment devices, etc. for maintenance,
• Trace heating and insulation if there is a danger of freezing,
• With insulation if there is a danger of condensation, particularly on risers in service
ducts, in false ceilings, etc.

Valves

Valves should be provided to allow maintenance without shutting off supply to other areas as
follows:
(i) ball valves on all items of equipment,
(ii) shut off valves on all hot and cold water risers and at main branches,
(iii) balancing valves on all pieces of equipment and on each hot water return riser.

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 3.2 WASTE SERVICES

3.2.1 RAINWATER SERVICES

The drainage flow rates shall be defined on the basis of local rainfall characteristics and the
diameters of the pipework shall be at least those required by local regulations at the site. In
the absence of regulations, the diameter shall be calculated by the use of Bazin's formula,
assuming pipework 70% full.
Rainwater drainage systems shall be separated from foul water systems and shall be
connected to the public sewers or to natural outfalls.
The rainwater drainage system for external car parks or the wash water system for internal
car parks shall be fitted with a petrol interceptor.

3.2.2 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR RAINWATER SYSTEMS

• Slope of at least 5% in horizontal runs,

• Rodding eyes at the ends of main runs, at changes in direction and every 20 m in
straight runs,
• Concealed, but not built in, in zones to which the public has access, visible elsewhere.
• Do not pass through bedrooms (even cased in),
• Do not pass over electrical distribution boards or through electrical switch rooms,
• Inspection chambers at each junction to permit cleaning,
• With insulation to prevent condensation over false ceilings,
• With primary ventilation,
• Evacuation by gravity, without lift pumps,
• Protection of drains located beneath the level of the access covers to the public sewers
by means of non-return valves,
• Rainwater systems should be cast iron pipework in noise sensitive areas and plastic
(uPVC) in other areas.

3.2.3 SOIL AND WASTE DRAINS

The soil and waste drainage systems shall be of the separate type within the building.
A system with a combined stack will be permitted subject to obtaining approval from the
Owner.

Drainage rates from the fittings:

FITTING FLOW RATE

Bath 1.00 l/sec
Basin 0.75 l/sec
Shower, urinal 0.50 l/sec
Sink, cleaner's sink 0.75 l/sec
½‘’ tap 0.75 l/sec
¾’’ tap 1.00 l/sec
WC 1.50 l/sec
Toilet floor gullies
Kitchen floor gullies
Machines (laundry, etc.) 1.00 l/sec (1)
Swimming or other pool 12.00 l/sec
drainage

(1) Unless otherwise shown on the equipment drawings

Coincidence factor

The coincidence factors shall be the same as those of the CW and DHW systems.

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 Diameter

The diameters of the pipework used shall be as required by local regulations. In the absence
of regulations, the diameter shall be calculated by the use of Bazin's formula, assuming
pipework half full.
The minimum diameters for the connections to fittings shall be as follows:

FITTING INTERNAL WASTE PIPE DIAMETER

Bath, basin, urinal 45 mm
Shower 75 mm
Sink, cleaner's sink, ½’’ tap 45 mm
¾’’ tap 50 mm
WC 100 mm
Floor gully 50 diameter 45 mm
Floor gully 63 diameter 50 mm
Stainless steel kitchen gully 80 75 mm
diameter
Stainless steel kitchen gully 80 95 mm
diameter
Laundry machines 50 mm (to be checked for each case)

3.2.4 INTERCEPTORS

Grease trap

Number of meals per day: 2.5 per hotel bedroom

Emptying of grease: every two months

Petrol interceptor in basement car park

CAR PARK AREA INTERCEPTOR VOLUME

< 1000 m² 500 l
>1000 m² 1000 l + 500l for each additional 1000m²

3.2.5 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE SOIL AND WASTE DRAINAGE

• Shall be kept separate from the rainwater system until the sewer connection, (even if -
as in the case of a combined sewer - there is only one connection),
• Sewer connection to comply with local regulations with, if required an intercepting trap.
• Gravity installation preferrably, lift pumps as a last resort.
• Lengths of drains located below the level of the public sewer fitted with an anti-backflow
device to protect the building in the event of the sewer being overloaded. Drains from
upper levels in the building to be connected upstream from this device.
• Slope of at least 3% in horizontal runs.
• Rodding eyes at the ends of main runs, at changes in direction and every 15 m in
straight runs,
• Inspection chambers at each junction for cleaning,
• Concealed, but not built in, in zones to which the public has access, visible elsewhere.
• In cast iron with straps and hangers over false ceilings,
• Primary ventilation.
• Grease trap on the kitchen drainage system, fitted with a grease suction device.
− No further than 15 m away from the wastes to the fittings
− accessible to emptying vehicles,
− Externally, preferably,
− Trace heating and insulation if the pipe work passes through rooms in which
the temperature is low (to prevent the grease from solidifying).
• Remote kitchens shall have local grease interceptors/traps.

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 • Arrangements for treating water from the laundry if required by local regulations.
•

Sewage lift pumps, if required

The installations for raising sewage from rooms in basements, or from channels at the
bottom of ramps etc. may require a sewage pumping station. This shall comply with the
following criteria:
• Well oversized capacity of the holding tank,
• 2 submerged pumps operating as duty standby and with automatic alternate operation.
The pumps shall be capable of cascade operation if necessary.
• Each pump shall be connected to its own extract pipe work up to an accessible isolation
valve,
• The pumps shall be fitted with an emergency electrical supply from the generator.
• High level alarm, reported to the services installations (BMS for example) AND to
reception,
• Non-return valves on each pump

In locations where there are no public sewers a waste water treatment system should be
provided, preferably located outside the hotel and designed to meet local water treatment
requirements. This system should have an emergency power supply.

3.3 HYGIENE

3.3.1 GENERALLY

Hygiene shall be a fundamental requirement.

• Plant and materials shall be selected and installed so that they are easy to keep clean
and to maintain properly.
• Drainage pipe work shall be trapped so that there is never any communication between
the ambient air and the drainage system.
• All precautions shall be taken to avoid the development of bacteria, and in particular
legionnella pneumophila, in the installation.
Bacteria (especially legionnella pneumophila) develop well in air spray systems in warm and
damp atmospheres. They can multiply in hot water systems, in particular, at the bottom of
DHW production cylinders, dead ends of mixed water distribution systems, return loop pipe
work, showers, foaming devices on taps, spas and Jacuzzis, decorative fountains, cooling
towers, scale deposits, blisters of corrosion, and sedimentary muds. They can also multiply
in cold water systems (stagnation in tarpaulins or pipe work, passages of cold water services
close to sources of heat), and at connections to contaminated terminal apparatus.

3.3.2 PRECAUTIONS

In order to prevent bacteria from developing, the following precautions shall be taken:
• Potential sources of pollution shall be removed.
• If cold water has to be stored, it shall be at a temperature of less than 20°C and shall not
be allowed to stagnate,
• Domestic hot water shall be prepared and stored at a minimum temperature of 60°C,
• DHW shall be distributed at 55°C,
• Water in decorative fountains shall be treated (chlorination, etc.),
• Dead ends shall be forbidden,
• Cold water pipe work that is in danger of rising in temperature shall be insulated,
• Facilities for taking samples shall be installed (on the return of the loop),
• The necessary devices for the disinfection of the installations shall be provided,
• The installations shall be disinfected before use.

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 3.3.3 DISINFECTION

Curative disinfection of the domestic hot water installations shall be carried out
• by thermal shock (at least 70°C, maintained for at least 30 minutes , at the point of
production and in the distribution system).
• By chemical treatment (chlorination at 15 mg/l for 24 hours, or 50 mg/l for 12 hours, at
the point of production and in the system).

Preventive disinfection of the DHW shall be carried out

• By maintaining the temperature of production at a minimum temperature of 60°C,
• By the permanent injection of chlorine at 2 mg/l

The plumbing installations shall be designed appropriately; in other words:

• The DHW production and distribution temperatures shall be easily adjustable
(independently of each other). Thermometers shall be installed at key points (heat
exchangers, cylinders, DHW flow and return, etc.),
• A system for adding chemicals (chlorine in particular) shall be installed at the origin of
the DHW production system. Valves shall be provided in order to by-pass it. The system
shall comprise:
− An impulse meter controlling the pump flow rate
− The treatment pumps with their pipe work, injection valve etc.,
− Containers for the chemicals,
− A Redox sensor, installed at the outlet from the first cylinder, to be used as a
safety device, by stopping the addition of the chlorine when the preventive
treatment exceeds 3 mg/l. It shall be possible to disconnect this sensor in order
to carry out curative chlorination (50mg/l) ,

3.3.4 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WATER

The water shall be obtained from a public main supply which is guaranteed to be of drinking
quality; as a result, there shall be no treatment on the cold water system likely to change its
quality.
In the event that it is essential to store water on the site (local regulations, inadequate
pressure or flow rate on the distributed supply, etc,), steps shall be taken to prevent the
quality of the water from being changed because of such storage.

A water softener (using ion exchange resins regenerated with salt) shall be installed at the
head of the DHW production if the hardness of the water exceeds 1.5 ppm CaCO3, to supply
the DHW system with softened water at 1.5 ppm CaCO3, together with the laundry and any
cooling towers.

There shall be a softened water service (hardness adjustable between 0 and 0.7 ppm
CaCO3) to supply
• The coffee machines
• The washing machines
• The steam ovens
• The ice-making machines

3.3.5 BACTERIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WATER

Anti-pollution valves shall be provided

• at the connection to the building,
• at connections to the main supply pipes,
• at outlets from subsidiary equipment,
• at the connections to the toilets,
• on the drain valves and, generally, in all locations where local regulations require them

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 The specific items of services equipment (heating water and chilled water systems, cooling
towers, fire protection systems, etc.) shall be provided with disconnectors with a controllable
reduced pressure zone at their point of connection

All the sanitary fittings shall be fitted with valves on the incoming supplies.
Hand-held showers shall have an inverter valve with automatic return to the taps.

3.4 SERVICE PRESSURES

At any point of use in the systems, the CW and DHW pressures shall be between 1.8 bar
minimum and 3.5 bars maximum.
This pressure shall be maintained by
• Either a pressure reducer (regulator) installed at the primary mains water inlet. This
solution may be suitable in cases where the building is not too tall and the pressure
guaranteed by the statutory authority is adequate.
• Or a pressurisation system comprising at least three pumps, one pump being for
emergency use. The system shall be for use on both the cold water system and the
domestic hot water system. The intermittent operation of the pumps shall not create any
difference in pressure between the hot water and the cold water: the pressure shall be
constant downstream from the pressurisation unit. In order to achieve this
− Either the pumps shall have a variable flow rate, with a supply under pressure
− Or a pressure reducer and a tank shall be installed downstream from the
pressurisation unit (see § 4.3)

3.5 MAINTENANCE

The design and installation of the services must take into account:
• Ease of access to those items of equipment requiring regular maintenance,
• The durability of materials and plant.

The layout of the equipment must allow appropriate maintenance to be carried out easily in
total safety. In particular, stop valves and adjustment devices shall be easily accessible. It
must be possible to carry out routine maintenance without the need to dismantle other items
of equipment. Restrictions on access by third parties shall be limited.
Items of equipment which need frequent maintenance shall be located in zones which are
not visible to and not accessible by the public.
Gangways with handrails shall be constructed in order to allow access by maintenance staff
to items of equipment located at high level.

Sensitive areas (public areas – restaurants, bars, lounges, meeting and conference rooms -,
halls and public lobbies, kitchens, electrical plant rooms) and areas occupied by third parties
shall be protected in order to limit the consequences of any leaks, for example:
• Large floor gullies and raised thresholds to plant rooms,
• Containers to receive drips at the bottoms of vertical stacks from bedrooms before they
pass through areas with high quality finishes

All items of equipment shall be marked or labelled:

• Valves
• Pipe work, with indication of direction of flow, in standardised colours

3.6 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

• Floor drains shall be trapped.

• All WC’s should be provided with hand sprays.
• Sumps and sump pumps should be provided in all “wet” basement plant rooms.
• Water hammer arrestors should be fitted in pump rooms, at the top of all risers and near
all quick closing valves.
• Trace heating to be provided at all locations at risk from freezing temperatures.

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4 PLANT CHARACTERISTICS
ACCOR has prepared a recommended list of a certain number of suppliers of equipment
who should preferably be used when the characteristics of the plant they offer are suitable
for the project. If non-recommended plant is used, its quality must be demonstrated (ISO
9000 certification by its constructor, for example). All suppliers shall be properly represented
in the country where the project is located.

4.1 PUMPS AND PRESSURISATION SYSTEMS

• The speed of rotation of the impeller shall not exceed 1500 rpm.
• They shall be separated from the structure of the building and from the circuits by the
use of anti-vibration devices (fixing on resilient material, sleeves on pipe work, breaks in
cable trays, etc).
• Twinned pumps shall have a blanking plate,
• Pumps shall have air bleed points and drainage points.
• The flexible connections to the pipe work must be long and shall not form air traps.
• A strainer filter shall be installed upstream, with easy access (and labelled if insulated),
• With a pressure gauge to measure pressure both upstream and downstream.

4.2 WATER SOFTENER

If analyses show that it is needed, the water softener shall be installed on the domestic hot
water system and adjusted to 1.2 ppm CaCO3.
• Entirely automatic operation (normal operation and delayed regeneration cycles based
on quantities used controlled by a programmable time clock),
• Fixed as a by-pass with
− stop valve,
− control connections upstream and downstream
− Anti-pollution protection by means of a non-return valve and drained via a
tundish and trap.
• Set out in such a way that deliveries and storage of salt are easy (no complicated
handling).

4.3 SERVICES UNDER PRESSURE

4.3.1 COLD WATER PIPEWORK

• Distribution pipe work up to an internal diameter of 50 mm shall be in copper (crimped or

soldered joints).
• For diameters > 50mm, and other than in plant rooms, they may be in high density
polyethylene or in PVC pressure tubing, PN 16.
• Terminal connections (from the service duct to the valves in the bedrooms) shall be in
cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) or in stainless steel woven flexible pipe work.
• In plant rooms and in all zones where there is a risk of mechanical damage, the pipe
work shall be in copper or in galvanised steel.

Except for manual bleed valves and balancing valves, all valves shall be quarter turn full flow
spherical ball valves.

Any anti-condensation insulation shall be formed using Armaflex or equivalent, 9 mm thick.

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 4.3.2 DOMESTIC HOT WATER PIPEWORK

• Distribution pipe work up to an internal diameter of 50 mm shall be in copper (crimped or

soldered joints) or plastic.
• For diameters > 50mm and other than in plant rooms, it may be in PPR or PVC-C, PN
16. Take care when installing plastic pipe work, as it has a coefficient of expansion that
is much greater than copper:
• Terminal connections (from the duct to the valves) shall be in cross-linked polyethylene
(XLPE) or in stainless steel woven flexible pipe work.
• In plant rooms and in all zones where there is a risk of mechanical damage, the pipe
work shall be in copper.

The system shall be insulated using Armaflex or equivalent.

4.3.3 DRAINAGE

• Vertical stacks shall be cast iron.

• Horizontal runs shall be in cast iron, as shall the drainage from kitchens and car parks.
Where there are noise problems, the bottom 3 metres of stacks shall be in cast iron.

The floor gullies used shall be of the following types:

USE TYPE TO BE USED

Kitchens, pantries and laundries
Floor channel and grille in kitchens
Toilets and sundries
Car parks
Stainless steel DN 80 or 100 with basket and tamper-
resistant screws.
Stainless steel – DN 100 outlet with basket
Stainless steel – DN 50 or DN 60 outlet
Cast iron DN 80

4.3.4 VALVES

Isolation:
Flexible throat cross-section valves
• with threaded connectors for diameters up to 50/60, solid bronze
• with PN 16 flange for diameters over 50/60, cast iron and bronze.

Drain off, bleeding

Spherical ball valve type, in brass

Pressure reduction/regulation
• Adjustable
• Bronze body
• Direct action membrane using a clip (without balancing piston)
• Unaffected by scale
• With pressure gauge upstream and downstream.
• Threaded up to 50/60, with flanges for larger sizes,
• Similar to Desbordes ref 10 ter or 10 bis; ref 11 bis for any pressure reducers in
bedrooms

Balancing and adjustment

• Also used for isolation
• Direct reading of flow rate without diagram or measuring instrument
• Similar to Taconova Setter By-pass

Water economiser
On all basin taps: Neoperl type PCA Cascade

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 4.4 INSTRUMENTATION

In addition to the sensors and all the instruments used for regulation, measuring apparatus
shall be installed in order to make immediate checks on the conditions of operation. The
scales of measurement shall be coherent with the sizes of the measurement (e.g. 0 / 80 °C
for DHW etc)
• Thermometers (alcohol-based or with a minimum diameter of 100 mm):
− Water temperature at the entry to the building
− Water temperature on the flow and return to the domestic hot water production.
• Pressure gauges (minimum diameter 100 mm), with isolating valve
− Static pressures at the entry into the building
− DHW flow to bedrooms
− CW flow to bedrooms
− Upstream and downstream from the pumps and filters (a single pressure gauge
for each set of pumps).
− Static pressure at the high point of the installation.

4.5 INSULATION

• Rot-proof
• Damp- and impact-resistant,
• Non-inflammable M1,
• With PVC M1 finish in plant rooms
• With aluminium protection for external services
• Type Armaflex M1 SH for diameters up to 76 mm
• Type mineral wool and vapour barrier for diameters > 76 mm
• Thickness:
Nominal diameter Thickness:
Up to 21 mm 19 mm
22 to 49mm 30 mm
50 to 76 mm 40 mm
77 to 125 mm 50 mm
greater than 125 60 mm
mm

5 COMMISSIONING AND HANDOVER

REFER TO ACCOR DOCUMENT – TESTING COMMISIONING & HANDOVER

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