Yunika Salindri L.

17/412830/PN/15152

TRANSGENIC CROPS IN AGRICULTURE

A. Development
 Modern Classical Breeding, example : corn, soybean, etc.
 To kill pest and disease in plant, tolerant herbicide, and have a good commercial
variety.
 Can be made as needed, such as resistant planthopper. But the genes or plants
that are formed can contain genes that might still reduce plant competence and
be susceptible to disease.
 Modern breeding : faster manufacturing, can take from genes of different
species, more sterile genes or new plants not contaminated with unwanted
genes.
 Compatible donor plant x commercial variety  new improved plant.
 Also the plant can resistance from disease and pest.
 Modern breeding with biotechnology : donor gene source  commercial
variety  new improved plant (more sterile from unwanted genes).
 Transformation with gene gun : DNA + Gold particle  process with gene gun
 some DNA will integrate  select and regenerate plants with new DNA.
 Regenerated shoots
o Select the plant and regenerate the plant.
o Transgenic the crops.
 Cultivated biotech plants
o Insect protected. Example : maize, cotton.
o Virus protected. Example : papaya.
o Herbicide tolerant. Example : soybean, maize.
 Technology in a single seed need more money.
 The plant transgenic more cheap because does not need, it will not in market if
the plant is not good for human health.

B. Research
 Donald and Forth Plant Science Centre in Missouri, USA.
 Phenotypic machine : can research 100 pots in one day, the data obtained is
directly displayed on the computer and is complete. It doesn't need many people
because of the many sophisticated machines
 Non Sentro research centre: future agriculture that uses compute, technology
and sophisticated tools.
 Green house is important too in research the plant. Located on the roof of the
campus building as many as 68 greenhouses. Has full season and can do
research throughout the year. Season and others are controlled by computers.
  Gene typing machine: to select plant seeds that will be checked for nucleotide
arrangements, that saving costs and effectiveness.
C. Field Study
 Science of Agriculture Food and Natural Resource (MU)
 Bradfor Research Centre : 600 ha.
 Poehlman Educational Centre : technology demo, place for farmers to study
together and there is a live demo to make it clearer.
 Gene zoo : germplasm in University of Missouri. There is a corn field with a
variety of different genes.
 Limited field testing to protect genes from being spread out because new genes
need permission and special security licenses. Placed in certain spaces protected
from pests, etc.
D. Campus Life
 In Missouri University when class begin, the university is quiet. Class in 50
minutes. The book from bookstore and journal.
 Michigan State University : more focused on food, scholarships are given to
outstanding students in the sport but IPK more than 3,021.