CCNA 2 (v5.0.3 + v6.

0) Chapter 9 Exam Answers 2018

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CCNA Exam Answers 2017

CCNA 2 (v5.0.3 + v6.0) Chapter 9 Exam Answers 2018 – 100% Full

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1. What is the primary purpose of NAT?

conserve IPv4 addresses*
allow peer-to-peer file sharing
enhance network performance
increase network security
NAT was developed to conserve IPv4 addresses. A side benefit is that NAT adds a
small level of security by hiding the internal network addressing scheme. However,
there are some drawbacks of using NAT. It does not allow true peer-to-peer
communication and it adds latency to outbound connections.

2. Which method is used by a PAT-enabled router to send incoming packets to

the correct inside hosts?​
It uses the destination TCP or UDP port number on the incoming packet. *
It uses the source TCP or UDP port number on the incoming packet.
It uses the source IP address on the incoming packet.
It uses a combination of the source TCP or UDP port number and the
destination IP address on the incoming packet.
A PAT-enabled router maintains a table that consists of a mapping of inside local IP
addresses and TCP/UDP port numbers to outside local addresses and TCP/UDP port
numbers. When traffic returns to the router from the public network, the router would
compare the destination port to the PAT mapping table to determine to which inside
host the traffic should be sent.

3. What are two benefits of NAT? (Choose two.)

It makes troubleshooting routing issues easier.
It makes tunneling with IPsec less complicated.
It saves public IP addresses. *
It increases routing performance.
It adds a degree of privacy and security to a network.*
4. What is a disadvantage of NAT?
There is no end-to-end addressing.*
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 The router does not need to alter the checksum of the IPv4 packets.​
The costs of readdressing hosts can be significant for a publicly addressed
network.​
The internal hosts have to use a single public IPv4 address for external
communication.
Many Internet protocols and applications depend on end-to-end addressing from the
source to the destination. Because parts of the header of the IP packets are
modified, the router needs to alter the checksum of the IPv4 packets. Using a single
public IP address allows for the conservation of legally registered IP addressing
schemes. If an addressing scheme needs to be modified, it is cheaper to use private
IP addresses.

5. What is an advantage of deploying IPv4 NAT technology for internal hosts in an

organization?
increases the performance of packet transmission to the Internet
makes internal network access easy for outside hosts using UDP
provides flexibility in designing the IPv4 addressing scheme *
enables the easy deployment of applications that require end-to-end
traceability
IPv4 NAT provides some benefits:
– NAT conserves the legally registered addressing scheme.
– NAT increases the flexibility of connections to the public network.
– NAT provides consistency for internal network addressing schemes.
– NAT provides certain level of network security by hiding the internal network
topology and hosts.IPv4 NAT also brings some disadvantages:
– NAT may impact the network performance due to the translation process
– End-to-end addressing is lost, especially when dynamic NAT is used.
– End-to-end IPv4 traceability is also lost.
– NAT complicates tunneling protocols, such as IPsec.
– Services that require the initiation of TCP connections from the outside network, or
stateless protocols, such as those using UDP, can be disrupted.

6. Refer to the exhibit. Which address or addresses represent the inside global
address?

192.168.0.100
10.1.1.2
any address in the 10.1.1.0 network
209.165.20.25 *
7. Refer to the exhibit. A technician is configuring R2 for static NAT to allow the
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 client to access the web server. What is a possible reason that the client PC
cannot access the web server?

The IP NAT statement is incorrect.

Interface Fa0/1 should be identified as the outside NAT interface.
Interface S0/0/0 should be identified as the outside NAT interface. *
The configuration is missing a valid access control list.
Interface S0/0/0 should be identified as the outside NAT interface. The command to
do this would be R2(config-if)# ip nat outside.

8. A network administrator configures the border router with the command

R1(config)# ip nat inside source list 4 pool corp. What is required to be
configured in order for this particular command to be functional?
a NAT pool named corp that defines the starting and ending public IP
addresses *
an access list numbered 4 that defines the starting and ending public IP
addresses
ip nat outside to be enabled on the interface that connects to the LAN affected
by the NAT
an access list named corp that defines the private addresses that are affected
by NAT
a VLAN named corp to be enabled and active and routed by R1
In order for the ip nat inside source list 4 pool corp command to work, the following
procedure needs to be used beforehand:
Create an access list that defines the private IP addresses affected by NAT.
Establish a NAT pool of starting and ending public IP addresses by using the ip nat
pool command.
Use the ip nat inside source list command to associate the access list with the NAT
pool.
Apply NAT to internal and external interfaces by using the ip nat inside and ip nat
outside commands.

9. When dynamic NAT without overloading is being used, what happens if seven
users attempt to access a public server on the Internet when only six
addresses are available in the NAT pool?
No users can access the server.
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 The request to the server for the seventh user fails. *
All users can access the server.
The first user gets disconnected when the seventh user makes the request.
If all the addresses in the NAT pool have been used, a device must wait for an
available address before it can access the outside network.

10. What is defined by the ip nat pool command when configuring dynamic NAT?
the range of external IP addresses that internal hosts are permitted to access
the pool of available NAT servers
the range of internal IP addresses that are translated
the pool of global address *
Dynamic NAT uses a pool of inside global addresses that are assigned to outgoing
sessions. Creating the pool of inside global addresses is accomplished using the ip
nat pool command.

11. Refer to the exhibit. What is the purpose of the command marked with an arrow
shown in the partial configuration output of a Cisco broadband router?

defines which addresses are allowed into the router

defines which addresses can be translated *
defines which addresses are assigned to a NAT pool
defines which addresses are allowed out of the router
12. A network engineer has configured a router with the command ip nat inside
source list 4 pool corp overload. Why did the engineer use the overload
option?
The company router must throttle or buffer traffic because the processing
power of the router is not enough to handle the normal load of external-bound
Internet traffic.
The company has more private IP addresses than available public IP
addresses. *
The company needs to have more public IP addresses available to be used on
the Internet.
The company has a small number of servers that should be accessible by
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 clients from the Internet.
The overload option enables PAT for a pool of public IP addresses. The source list 4
part of the command refers to the access list that defines what private addresses get
translated. The pool corp part of the command refers to the named NAT pool that is
created using the separate ip nat pool corp command.

13. What are two of the required steps to configure PAT? (Choose two.)
Create a standard access list to define applications that should be translated.
Define a pool of global addresses to be used for overload translation. *
Define the range of source ports to be used.
Define the hello and interval timers to match the adjacent neighbor router.
Identify the inside interface. *

The steps that are required to configure PAT are to define a pool of global addresses
to be used for overload translation, to configure source translation by using the
keywords interface and overload, and to identify the interfaces that are involved in
the PAT.

14. What is the major benefit of using NAT with Port Address Translation?
It allows external hosts access to internal servers.
It allows many internal hosts to share the same public IPv4 address. *
It improves network performance for real-time protocols.
It provides a pool of public addresses that can be assigned to internal hosts.
Port Address Translation (PAT) tracks IP flows of internal hosts using port numbers.
By using port numbers to track flows, PAT allows many users to share a single public
IPv4 address.

15. What is the purpose of port forwarding?

Port forwarding allows an internal user to reach a service on a public IPv4
address that is located outside a LAN.
Port forwarding allows users to reach servers on the Internet that are not using
standard port numbers.
Port forwarding allows for translating inside local IP addresses to outside local
addresses.
Port forwarding allows an external user to reach a service on a private
IPv4 address that is located inside a LAN. *
Port forwarding allows a user or program from outside to reach services inside a
private network. It is not a technique that allows for using services with nonstandard
port numbers. NAT or PAT convert inside IP addresses to outside local addresses.

16. A network administrator is configuring a static NAT on the border router for a
web server located in the DMZ network. The web server is configured to listen
on TCP port 8080. The web server is paired with the internal IP address of
192.168.5.25 and the external IP address of 209.165.200.230. For easy access
by hosts on the Internet, external users do not need to specify the port when
visiting the web server. Which command will configure the static NAT?
R1(config)# ip nat inside source static tcp 209.165.200.230 80 192.168.5.25
8080
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 R1(config)# ip nat inside source static tcp 192.168.5.25 8080
209.165.200.230 80 *
R1(config)# ip nat inside source static tcp 209.165.200.230 8080 192.168.5.25
80
R1(config)# ip nat inside source static tcp 192.168.5.25 80 209.165.200.230
8080
The IOS command for port forwarding configuration in global configuration mode is
as follows:ip nat inside source {static {tcp | udp local-ip local-port global-ip global-
port}Where local-ip is the inside local address, local-port is the port on which the web
server listens.

17. What is a characteristic of unique local addresses?

They are defined in RFC 3927.
Their implementation depends on ISPs providing the service.
They allow sites to be combined without creating any address conflicts. *
They are designed to improve the security of IPv6 networks.
Link-local addresses are defined in RFC 3927. Unique local addresses are
independent of any ISP, and are not meant to improve the security of IPv6 networks.

18. Which statement describes IPv6 ULAs?

They begin with the fe80::/10 prefix.
They conserve IPv6 address space.
They are not routable across the Internet. *
They are assigned by an ISP.
IPv6 ULAs are unique local addresses. ULAs are similar to IPv4 private IP addresses
and are not routable on the Internet. ULAs do not conserve IPv6 addresses. ULAs
have a network prefix in the fc00::/7 range.

19. Refer to the exhibit. Based on the output that is shown, what type of NAT has
been implemented?

PAT using an external interface *

static NAT with one entry
dynamic NAT with a pool of two public IP addresses
static NAT with a NAT pool
The output shows that there are two inside global addresses that are the same but
that have different port numbers. The only time port numbers are displayed is when
PAT is being used. The same output would be indicative of PAT that uses an
address pool. PAT with an address pool is appropriate when more than 4,000
simultaneous translations are needed by the company.

20. Match the steps with the actions that are involved when an internal host with IP
address 192.168.10.10 attempts to send a packet to an external server at the IP
address 209.165.200.254 across a router R1 that is running dynamic NAT. (Not
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 all options are used.)

Answer:

Place the options in the following order:

– not scored –
step 5
step 2
step 4
step 1
step 3

21. Fill in the blank. Do not use abbreviations.

NAT overload is also known as ……….
Correct Answer: Port Address Translation
22. A technician is required to configure an edge router to use a different TCP port
number for each session with a server on the Internet. What type of Network
Address Translation (NAT) should be implemented?
a many-to-one address mapping between local and global addresses*
a many-to-many address mapping between local and global addresses
a one-to-many address mapping between local and global addresses
a one-to-one address mapping between local and global addresses
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Old version 5.0:
1. Which three statements describe ACL processing of packets? (Choose three.)
An implicit deny any rejects any packet that does not match any ACE. *
A packet can either be rejected or forwarded as directed by the ACE that
is matched.*
A packet that has been denied by one ACE can be permitted by a subsequent
ACE.
A packet that does not match the conditions of any ACE will be forwarded by
default.
Each statement is checked only until a match is detected or until the end
of the ACE list.*
Each packet is compared to the conditions of every ACE in the ACL before a
forwarding decision is made.
2. What two functions describe uses of an access control list? (Choose two.)
ACLs assist the router in determining the best path to a destination.
Standard ACLs can restrict access to specific applications and ports.
ACLs provide a basic level of security for network access.*
ACLs can permit or deny traffic based upon the MAC address originating on the
router.
ACLs can control which areas a host can access on a network.*
3. In which configuration would an outbound ACL placement be preferred over an
inbound ACL placement?
when the ACL is applied to an outbound interface to filter packets coming
from multiple inbound interfaces before the packets exit the interface*
when a router has more than one ACL
when an outbound ACL is closer to the source of the traffic flow
when an interface is filtered by an outbound ACL and the network attached to
the interface is the source network being filtered within the ACL
4. Which two characteristics are shared by both standard and extended ACLs?
(Choose two.)
Both kinds of ACLs can filter based on protocol type.
Both can permit or deny specific services by port number.
Both include an implicit deny as a final entry.*
Both filter packets for a specific destination host IP address.
Both can be created by using either a descriptive name or number.*
5. A network administrator needs to configure a standard ACL so that only the
workstation of the administrator with the IP address 192.168.15.23 can access
the virtual terminal of the main router. Which two configuration commands can
achieve the task? (Choose two.)
Router1(config)# access-list 10 permit host 192.168.15.23 *
Router1(config)# access-list 10 permit 192.168.15.23 0.0.0.0*
Router1(config)# access-list 10 permit 192.168.15.23 0.0.0.255
Router1(config)# access-list 10 permit 192.168.15.23 255.255.255.0
Router1(config)# access-list 10 permit 192.168.15.23 255.255.255.255
6. What single access list statement matches all of the following networks?
192.168.16.0
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 192.168.17.0
192.168.18.0
192.168.19.0
access-list 10 permit 192.168.16.0 0.0.3.255*
access-list 10 permit 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.255
access-list 10 permit 192.168.16.0 0.0.15.255
access-list 10 permit 192.168.0.0 0.0.15.255
7. If a router has two interfaces and is routing both IPv4 and IPv6 traffic, how
many ACLs could be created and applied to it?
4
6
8*
12
16
8. Which three statements are generally considered to be best practices in the
placement of ACLs? (Choose three.)
Place standard ACLs close to the source IP address of the traffic.
Place extended ACLs close to the destination IP address of the traffic.
Filter unwanted traffic before it travels onto a low-bandwidth link. *
Place extended ACLs close to the source IP address of the traffic. *
Place standard ACLs close to the destination IP address of the traffic.*
For every inbound ACL placed on an interface, there should be a matching
outbound ACL.
9. Refer to the exhibit. A router has an existing ACL that permits all traffic from
the 172.16.0.0 network. The administrator attempts to add a new ACE to the
ACL that denies packets from host 172.16.0.1 and receives the error message
that is shown in the exhibit. What action can the administrator take to block
packets from host 172.16.0.1 while still permitting all other traffic from the
172.16.0.0 network?

CCNA2 Chapter 9 v5.03 003

Manually add the new deny ACE with a sequence number of 5.*
Manually add the new deny ACE with a sequence number of 15.
Create a second access list denying the host and apply it to the same interface.
Add a deny any any ACE to access-list 1.
10. Refer to the exhibit. What will happen to the access list 10 ACEs if the router is
rebooted before any other commands are implemented?

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 CCNA2 Chapter 9 v5.03 004

The ACEs of access list 10 will be deleted.

The ACEs of access list 10 will not be affected.
The ACEs of access list 10 will be renumbered.*
The ACEs of access list 10 wildcard masks will be converted to subnet masks.
11. An administrator has configured an access list on R1 to allow SSH
administrative access from host 172.16.1.100. Which command correctly
applies the ACL?
R1(config-if)# ip access-group 1 in
R1(config-if)# ip access-group 1 out
R1(config-line)# access-class 1 in*
R1(config-line)# access-class 1 out
12. Consider the following access list that allows IP phone configuration file
transfers from a particular host to a TFTP server:

R1(config)# access-list 105 permit udp host 10.0.70.23 host 10.0.54.5 range
1024 5000
R1(config)# access-list 105 deny ip any any
R1(config)# interface gi0/0
R1(config-if)# ip access-group 105 out

Which method would allow the network administrator to modify the ACL and
include FTP transfers from any source IP address?

R1(config)# access-list 105 permit tcp any host 10.0.54.5 eq 20

R1(config)# access-list 105 permit tcp any host 10.0.54.5 eq 21
R1(config)# interface gi0/0
R1(config-if)# no ip access-group 105 out
R1(config)# access-list 105 permit tcp any host 10.0.54.5 eq 20
R1(config)# access-list 105 permit tcp any host 10.0.54.5 eq 21
R1(config)# interface gi0/0
R1(config-if)# ip access-group 105 out
R1(config)# interface gi0/0 *
R1(config-if)# no ip access-group 105 out *
R1(config)# no access-list 105 *
R1(config)# access-list 105 permit udp host 10.0.70.23 host 10.0.54.5
range 1024 5000 *
R1(config)# access-list 105 permit tcp any host 10.0.54.5 eq 20 *
R1(config)# access-list 105 permit tcp any host 10.0.54.5 eq 21 *
R1(config)# access-list 105 deny ip any any *
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 R1(config)# interface gi0/0 *
R1(config-if)# ip access-group 105 out*
R1(config)# access-list 105 permit udp host 10.0.70.23 host 10.0.54.5
range 1024 5000
R1(config)# access-list 105 permit tcp any host 10.0.54.5 eq 20
R1(config)# access-list 105 permit tcp any host 10.0.54.5 eq 21
R1(config)# access-list 105 deny ip any any
13. Refer to the exhibit. What is the result of adding the established argument to
the end of the ACE?

Any traffic is allowed to reach the 192.168.254.0 255.255.254.0 network.

Any IP traffic is allowed to reach the 192.168.254.0 255.255.254.0 network as
long as it is in response to an originated request.
192.168.254.0 /23 traffic is allowed to reach any network.
Any TCP traffic is allowed to reach the 192.168.254.0 255.255.254.0
network if it is in response to an originated request. *
14. What packets would match the access control list statement that is shown
below? access-list 110 permit tcp 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255 any eq 22
SSH traffic from the 172.16.0.0 network to any destination network*
SSH traffic from any source network to the 172.16.0.0 network
any TCP traffic from any host to the 172.16.0.0 network
any TCP traffic from the 172.16.0.0 network to any destination network
15. Which statement describes a difference between the operation of inbound and
outbound ACLs?
In contrast to outbound ALCs, inbound ACLs can be used to filter packets with
multiple criteria.
Inbound ACLs can be used in both routers and switches but outbound ACLs
can be used only on routers.
Inbound ACLs are processed before the packets are routed while
outbound ACLs are processed after the routing is completed.*
On a network interface, more than one inbound ACL can be configured but only
one outbound ACL can be configured.
16. What is a limitation when utilizing both IPv4 and IPv6 ACLs on a router?
A device can run only IPv4 ACLs or IPv6 ACLs.
Both IPv4 and IPv6 ACLs can be configured on a single device, but
cannot share the same name.*
IPv4 ACLs can be numbered or named whereas IPv6 ACLs must be
numbered.
IPv6 ACLs perform the same functions as standard IPv4 ACLs.
17. What method is used to apply an IPv6 ACL to a router interface?
the use of the access-class command
the use of the ip access-group command
the use of the ipv6 traffic-filter command*
11/15
 the use of the ipv6 access-list command
18. Which IPv6 ACL command entry will permit traffic from any host to an SMTP
server on network 2001:DB8:10:10::/64?
permit tcp any host 2001:DB8:10:10::100 eq 25*
permit tcp host 2001:DB8:10:10::100 any eq 25
permit tcp any host 2001:DB8:10:10::100 eq 23
permit tcp host 2001:DB8:10:10::100 any eq 23
19. Refer to the exhibit. The IPv6 access list LIMITED_ACCESS is applied on the
S0/0/0 interface of R1 in the inbound direction. Which IPv6 packets from the ISP
will be dropped by the ACL on R1?

HTTPS packets to PC1

ICMPv6 packets that are destined to PC1*
packets that are destined to PC1 on port 80
neighbor advertisements that are received from the ISP router
20. Which feature is unique to IPv6 ACLs when compared to those of IPv4 ACLs?
the use of wildcard masks
an implicit deny any any ACE
the use of named ACL entries
an implicit permit of neighbor discovery packets*
21. Which three implicit access control entries are automatically added to the end
of an IPv6 ACL? (Choose three.)
deny ip any any
deny ipv6 any any*
permit ipv6 any any
deny icmp any any
permit icmp any any nd-ns *
permit icmp any any nd-na *
22. What is the only type of ACL available for IPv6?
named standard
named extended*
numbered standard
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 numbered extended
23. Match each statement with the example subnet and wildcard that it describes.
(Not all options are used.)
Question

Answer

24. Which statement describes a characteristic of standard IPv4 ACLs?

They are configured in the interface configuration mode.
They filter traffic based on source IP addresses only.*
They can be created with a number but not with a name.
They can be configured to filter traffic based on both source IP addresses and
source ports.
25. Which IPv4 address range covers all IP addresses that match the ACL filter
specified by 172.16.2.0 with wildcard mask 0.0.1.255?
172.16.2.0 to 172.16.2.255
172.16.2.1 to 172.16.3.254
172.16.2.0 to 172.16.3.255*
172.16.2.1 to 172.16.255.255
26. Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator that has the IP address of
10.0.70.23/25 needs to have access to the corporate FTP server (10.0.54.5/28). The
FTP server is also a web server that is accessible to all internal employees on
networks within the 10.x.x.x address. No other traffic should be allowed to this server.
Which extended ACL would be used to filter this traffic, and how would this ACL be
applied? (Choose two.)

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 access-list 105 permit ip host 10.0.70.23 host 10.0.54.5
access-list 105 permit tcp any host 10.0.54.5 eq www
access-list 105 permit ip any any
access-list 105 permit tcp host 10.0.54.5 any eq www
access-list 105 permit tcp host 10.0.70.23 host 10.0.54.5 eq 20
access-list 105 permit tcp host 10.0.70.23 host 10.0.54.5 eq 21
access-list 105 permit tcp host 10.0.70.23 host 10.0.54.5 eq 20
access-list 105 permit tcp host 10.0.70.23 host 10.0.54.5 eq 21
access-list 105 permit tcp 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 host 10.0.54.5 eq www
access-list 105 deny ip any host 10.0.54.5
access-list 105 permit ip any any*
R2(config)# interface gi0/0
R2(config-if)# ip access-group 105 in
R1(config)# interface gi0/0
R1(config-if)# ip access-group 105 out*
R1(config)# interface s0/0/0
R1(config-if)# ip access-group 105 out
27. Launch PT – Hide and Save PT

Open the PT Activity. Perform the tasks in the activity instructions and then
answer the question. Why is the ACL not working?
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 The ACL is missing a deny ip any any ACE.
The ACL is applied in the wrong direction.
The access-list 105 command or commands are incorrect.
The ACL is applied to the wrong interface.*
No ACL is needed for this scenario.
28. What are two possible uses of access control lists in an enterprise network?
(Choose two.)
limiting debug outputs*
reducing the processing load on routers
controlling the physical status of router interfaces
controlling virtual terminal access to routers*
allowing Layer 2 traffic to be filtered by a router

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