AUSTRALIAN MARITIME COLLEGE CAPT.

DARREL SILVA
Sec 10 – Damage Stability

Damage Stability Incidents

Loss Buoyancy Method
Permeability
Bilging of a Midships Compartment
Bilging of a End Compartment
Bilging of a Side Compartment
Exercise

Australian Maritime College

Capt. Darrel Silva
 Damage Stability- (Bilging)
1. Due to collision
2. Due to Flooding : fire extinguishing,
internal structural damages or
opened up hull plating.
3. Grounding

Copied from
http://navy-matters.blogspot.com.au/2012/06/ship- Australian Maritime College
construction-and-naval-armor.html Capt. Darrel Silva
 Sub Divisions
The Hull is divided into a number of
transverse (or longitudinal) Watertight
bulkheads

» Minimize the loss of buoyancy

» Minimize the damage to the cargo
» Minimize the loss of stability

Australian Maritime College

Capt. Darrel Silva
2 methods of calculating Damage Stability

• Loss buoyancy method

• Added weight method*

Australian Maritime College

Capt. Darrel Silva
 Loss Buoyancy Method

Volume of lost buoyancy  Volume of gained buoyancy

Therefore :
Initial UW Volume = UW Volume after bilging
position of G: Remains unaffected

Australian Maritime College

Capt. Darrel Silva
 Loss Buoyancy Method

Water Plane may get affected or may not

That depends on :

The location of damage

Compartment having a WT flat or not

Australian Maritime College

Capt. Darrel Silva
 What could happen

• Sinks – therefore draft increases

• Water Plane changes - therefore “I”
• Position of B - therefore LCB , KB, KM, GM
• Position of F - therefore LCF
• B and G separated - therefore List , Trim

Australian Maritime College

Capt. Darrel Silva
Intact W/P

Australian Maritime College

Capt. Darrel Silva
 Bilging – amidships Compartment
A box shaped vessel floating at an even keel in salt water has the following particulars.
Length 75m breadth 18.00 m Depth 11.00 m
Draught 6.00 m KG 6.80 m
An empty amidships watertight compartment 15.00 m long and extending the full breadth
and height of the vessel is bilged.

Calculate EACH of the following:

(a) the new draught
(b) the GM in the flooded condition
(c) the righting moment at an angle of 160

Answer: 7.5 m 0.55 m 1596.37 tm

Australian Maritime College Capt. Darrel Silva

Australian Maritime College
Capt. Darrel Silva
Australian Maritime College
Capt. Darrel Silva
A box shaped vessel 100 m long, 10 m beam is floating on an even keel draft of 3 m and KG
2.0 m. An amidships compartment 10 m long extending the full breadth and height of the
vessel with a watertight flat 2 m above the keel is damaged below the flat and opened to sea.

Determine the draft and GM in the damaged condition.

Answer: 3.2 m 2.42 m

Australian Maritime College

Capt. Darrel Silva
Australian Maritime College
Capt. Darrel Silva
Australian Maritime College
Capt. Darrel Silva
 Calculating KB using moments about the keel

UW Volume KB Moments
from Keel

Initial 120 x 12 x6 3 25920

Lost 20 x 12 x 4 3 - 960

Gained 20 x 12 x 4 +

Final 7680 24000

?

Final KB = Final Moments = 3.12 m

Final Volume

Australian Maritime College

Capt. Darrel Silva
 Permeability
P % = BS x 100
SF

The amount of space that flooded

water could occupy in a
compartment as a %
Australian Maritime College
Capt. Darrel Silva
Permeability as per SOLAS

Space (general compartments) Permeability

Stores 0.60
Occupied by Accommodation 0.95
Occupied by Machinery 0.85
Void 0.95
Intended for liquids 0 or 0.95

Space (Cargo Compartments) Permeability

Dry Cargo spaces 0.70 – 0.95
Container 0.70 – 0.95
Ro-Ro 0.90 – 0.95
Liquid Cargo 0.70 – 0.95

Australian Maritime College

Capt. Darrel Silva
Bilging - End Compartment

Australian Maritime College

Capt. Darrel Silva
 100 20
S= 1m
22

5 KB
K

Australian Maritime College

Capt. Darrel Silva
 100 20
S = 1m
22

5
KB
K
UW Volume KB Moments
from Keel

Initial 120 x 22 x 5 2.5 33000

Lost - 20 x 22 x 5 2.5 - 5500

Gained + 2200 5.5 + 12100

Final 13200 39600

?
Final KB = 39600 = 3 m
13200 Capt. Darrel Silva
 100 20
22

A 5 AB
UW Volume AB Moments
L B Ht from Aft

Initial 120 x 22 x 5 60 792000

Lost - 20 x 22 x 5 110 - 242000

Gained + 2200 50 + 110000

Final 132000 660000

?

Final AB = Final Moments = 50

Final Volume Capt. Darrel Silva
 100 20
A 22

5 AF
WP Area AF Moments
LB from Aft

Initial 120 x 22 60 158400

Lost - 20 x 22 110 - 48400

Final 2200 110000

?

Final AF = Final Moments = 50

Final Volume
 100 20
A 22

5 AF
WP Area AF Moments
LB from Aft

Initial 120 x 22 60 158400

Lost - 20 x 22 110 - 48400

Final 2200 110000

?

Final AF = Final Moments = 50

Australian Maritime College
Final Volume
Capt. Darrel Silva
Bilging - Side Compartments

Australian Maritime College

Capt. Darrel Silva
Australian Maritime College
Capt. Darrel Silva
 End

Australian Maritime College

Capt. Darrel Silva
 Side view Plan view at new w/l
20m 136m long

VLB = VGB
S 20
S
10 x 20 x 5 = (100 x 20 – 10 10.6
16
10 1.2
16
Fig.1 Fig.2

Lost
Further sinkage

UW Volume KB Moments from K

Initial 136 x 20 x 10.6 5.3 152809.6

Lost - 16 x 20 x 9.4 5.9 - 17747.2

Gained + 3008 (10.6 + half of 1.25) + 33769.8

Final 28832 ? 168832.2

Australian Maritime College

Capt. Darrel Silva
Australian Maritime College
Capt. Darrel Silva
 Bilging – amidship Compartment
L

b
l S

h
b
l

Plan view at new WP

Australian Maritime College
whiteboard
Capt. Darrel Silva explanation
A box shaped vessel 150 m in length and 25 m beam floats in water of relative
density 1.025 at an even keel draft of 6 m. Its present KG is 10 m.
An empty amidships compartment 20 m long and 25 m wide (extending the full
height of the vessel) has a watertight flat 2 m above the keel. The compartment is
bilged above the watertight flat and is opened to the sea.

Calculate the draft and GM in the damaged condition if the permeability of the
compartment is 40%?

Australian Maritime College

Capt. Darrel Silva
❖ Some ships are provided with flooding curves

❖ Some ships are provided with Max KG curves

» Primary use
» Operational use

Australian Maritime College

Capt. Darrel Silva