Kind Abbreviation Manufacturing method Durability absolute Coefficient Hazen

roughness of Maning Williams

(Mm) (C)
pvc + 100 years 0.0015
PVC resins can be produced 0.09 150
by four different processes: Diameter Diameter Diameter Work
Suspension, emulsion, bulk Nominal Exterior inside pressure
and solution. 57% chlorine (In) (In) (In) (PSI)
and 43% hydrocarbon ½ 0.84 0.609 600
1 1,315 1,033 450
2 2.37 2,045 280
3 3.5 3,042 260
4 4.5 3,998 220
6 6,625 6,031 180
8 8.62 73942 160
10 10,750 9,976 140
Polyvinyl chloride

12 12,750 11,889 130

14 14,000 13,126 130
16 16,000 15,000 130

subtypes Description Density (g Tear

/ cm) strength
(%)
Rigid PVC : It is obtained by melting and molding a suitable 1.42
temperature of polyvinylchloride with plasticizers except
additives.

PVC : PVC has the advantage of being combined with 1.24 340
plasticized plasticizers, such as any other plastic.
flexible or
plastisol The plastisol is the mixture of a resin (PVC), a plasticizer and other additives which
are liquid at room temperature with viscoelastic properties.
Kind Abbreviation Manufacturing method Durability absolute Coefficient Hazen
roughness of Maning Williams
(Mm) (C)
+ 100 years 0.25 0011-0015 130
HF The cast iron pipe is Diameter Diameter Work pressure
manufactured by casting in a Nominal Exterior (Pub)
mold or by injecting molten (Mm) (In)
in a process called smelting in 100 118 61.2
which the pipe goes seamless 150 170 42.9
iron. The advantage of this 200 222 31.9
system is that the pipes have 250 274 28.3
high durability and wear 300 326 25.9
resistance. On the other hand 350 378 24.9
they are more fragile to 400 429 23.6
shocks. 500 532 23.1
600 635 21.2
800 842 19.9
Molten iron

900 945 19.5

1000 1048 19.2
1200 1255 18.7
1400 1462 18.3
1600 1668 18.1

subtypes Description class Pressure

of work
(Kg / cm2)
IRON mixture of Portland cement and fibers used to TO 2.5
spheroidal make light plates B 5
graphite C 7.5
cast iron D 10
AND 12.5
(HD)
F fifteen
coefficient (n) of Manning 0010-0012
Creep stress (MPa) 480-930
Kind Abbreviation Manufacturing method Lifetime absolute Coefficient Hazen
Useful roughness of Maning Williams
(years) (Mm) (C)
derivative cement material 30 to 50 0.3 to 3 0010-0012 140
actually arguably is a mixture Diameter Diameter Diameter Work
FH of portland cement and fibers Nominal Exterior inside pressure
used to make light plates (Mm) (Mm) (Mm) (PSI)
100 118 100
150 170 150
200 224 200
250 274 250
Asbestos cement pipes

300 328 300

350 382 350
400 438 400
500 546 500
600 656 600
800 874 800
900 984 900
1000 1094 1000
1200 1312 1200

Lessons Modulus of elasticity minimum tensile minimum tensile

(MPa) strength (MPa) strength (MPa)

A, B, C, D, E, 18000-25000 ?? 30 30
F
Kind Abbreviation Manufacturing method Durability absolute Coefficient Modulus of
roughness of Maning elasticity
(Mm) (N / mm2)
+ 100 years 0.02 0.013 50,000
Stoneware Its manufacture is the Diameter Diameter Diameter Crushing
product of a mixture of Nominal Exterior inside strength
clays that have been (Mm) (Mm) (Mm) (Kg / m)
formed, dried and burned 100 131 100 3. 4
to a point forming the 150 186 151 3. 4
vitrified material, a dense 200 242 200 40
PIPING GRES

250 262 251 60

structure, hard,
300 376 300 72
waterproof, and resistant 350 417 351 56
to acid and alkali. 400 489 404 80
500 581 496 80
600 687 597 93
800 862 792 128
900 1064 891 108
1000 1273 1056 120
Kind Manufacturing method Durability absolute Coefficient Hazen
roughness of Maning Williams
(Mm) (C)
Copper pipes to be manufactured by + 100 years 0.0015 0012-0013
extrusion and cold drawn 130
Manufacturing extrusion allows
tubes one piece, seamless and
Flat and smooth walls, ensures resistance
pressure evenly and minimum
of frictional pressure losses in the
fluid conduction

types
k L M
Polyvinyl copper

Diameter Diameter Diameter Pressure Pressure Pressure

Nominal Exterior inside of work of work of work
(Mm) (Mm) (Mm) (PSI) (PSI) (PSI)
6.35 9,525 8,001 1595 1360
9.50 12.7 10,922 1745 1195 840
12.7 15,875 13,843 1375 1105 780
19 22.225 19939 1315 875 610
25 28,575 26,035 1010 770 515
32 34.925 32,131 820 680 510
38 41,275 38,227 785 630 450
51 53975 50419 685 590 410
64 66,675 62611 520 520 385
76 79375 74,803 505 490 385
102 104775 99187 555 450 380
BIBLIOGRAPHY

ASTM D 3035 and INEN1744 Standard for steering fluid pressure based on the outside diameter
controlled.

ASTM. (2012). Standard Terminology Relating to wear and erosion. ASTM International.