SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU KESEHATAN

(STIKes) MUHAMMADIAH CIAMIS

JURUSAN D3 KEPERAWATAN
UJIAN TENGAH SEMESTER (UTS)
SEMESTER 1 TAHUN 2017-2018

MATA KULIAH : BAHASA INGGRIS KEPERAWATAN

HARI : …………………
TANGGAL : …………………
WAKTU : 120 MENIT
KELAS : A&B
DOSEN : …………………
SIFAT : TERTUTUP BUKU ( CLOSE BOOK)

Instructions:
1. Read the text carefully and then answer the questions
2. Write your name and class clearly on your answer sheet

Text 1
Anthropologists have pieced together the little they know about the history of left - handedness and right -
handedness from indirect evidence. Though early men and women did not leave written records, they did
leave tools, bones, and pictures. Stone Age hand axes and hatchets were made from stones that were
carefully chipped away to form sharp cutting edges. In some pattern of chipping shows that these tools and
weapons were made by right-handed people, designed to fit comfortably into a right hand. Other Stone Age
implements were made by or for left-handers Prehistoric pictures, painted on the walls of caves provide
further clues to the handedness of ancient people. A right - hander finds it easier to draw faces of people
and animals facing toward the left. Whereas a left - hander finds it easier to draw faces facing toward the
right. Both kinds of faces have been found in ancient painting. On the whole, the evidence seems to
indicate that prehistoric people were either ambidextrous or about equally likely to be left - or right -
handed.
But, in the Bronze Age. the picture changed. The tools and weapons found from that period are
mostly made for right - handed use. The predominance of right - handedness among humans today had
apparently already been established.
1. What is the main topic of the passage?
a. The purpose of ancient implements
b. The significance of prehistoric cave paintings
c. The development of right - handedness and left - handedness
d. The similarities between the Stone Age and Bronze Age

2. Which of the following helped lead to conclusions about whether Store Age people preferred one hand to
the other?
a. Petrified forms of vegetation b. Patterns of stone chipping
c. Fossilized waste material d. Fossilized footprints

3. In line 7, the word “further" is closest in meaning to which of the following?

a. advanced b. additional c. artistic d. factual

4. According to the passage, a person who is right - handed is more likely to draw people and animals that are
facing ……
a. upward b. downward c. toward the right d. toward the left

5. In line 12, the word "the picture" refers to which of the following?
a. Faces of animals and people b. People's view from inside a cave
c. People's tendency to work with either hand d. The kinds of paint used on cave walls

6. The author implies that which of the following developments occurred around the time of the Bronze Age
a. The establishment of written records
b. A change in the styles of cave painting
c. An increase in human skill in the handling of tools
d. The prevalence of right-handedness
 Text 2
Bacteria are extremely small living things. While we measure our own sizes in inches or centimeters,
bacterial size is measured in microns. One micron is a thousandth of a millimeter a pinhead is about a
millimeter across. Rod shaped bacteria are usually from two to four microns long, while rounded ones are
generally one micron in diameter Thus if you enlarged a founded bacterium a thousand times, it would be
just about the size of a pinhead. An adult human magnified by the same amount would be over a mile (1.6
kilometers) tall.
Even with an ordinary microscope, you must look closely to see bacteria. Using a magnification of
100 times, one finds that bacteria are barely visible as tiny rods or dots One cannot make out anything of
their structure. Using special stains, one can see that some bacteria have attached to them wavy - looking
"hairs" called flagella. Others have only one flagellum. The flagella rotate, pushing the bacteria through
the water. Many bacteria lack flagella and cannot move about by their own power while others can glide
along over surfaces by some little understood mechanism.
From the bacterial point of view, the world is a very different place from what it is to humans To
bacterium water is as thick as molasses to us. Bacteria are so small that they are influenced by the
movements of the chemical molecules around them. Bacteria under the microscope, even those with no
flagella, often bounce about in the water. This is because they collide with the water molecules and are
pushed this way and that. Molecules move so rapidly that within a tenth of a second the molecules around
a bacterium have all been replaced by new ones even bacteria without flagella are thus constantly exposed
to a changing environment.
7. Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?
a. The characteristics of bacteria b. How bacteria reproduce
c. The various functions of bacteria d. How bacteria contribute to disease

8. Bacteria are measured in…….

a. inches b. centimeters c. microns d. millimeters

9. Which of the following is the smallest?

a. A pinhead b. A rounded bacterium c. A microscope d. A rod-shaped bacterium

10. According to the passage, someone who examines bacteria using only a microscope that magnifies 100
times would see……
a. tiny dots b. small "hairs" c. large rods d. detailed structures

11. The relationship between a bacterium and its flagella is most nearly analogous to which of the following?
a. A rider jumping on a horse's back b. A ball being hit by a bat
c. A boat powered by a motor d. A door closed by a gust of wind

Text 3
When we accept the evidence of our unaided eyes and describe the Sun as a yellow star, we have
summed up the most important single fact about it-at this moment in time.
It appears probable, however, that sunlight will be the color we know for only a negligibly small part
of the Sun's history. Stars, like individuals, age and change. As we look out into space, We see around us
stars at all stages of evolution. There are faint blood-red dwarfs so cool that their surface temperature is a
mere 4,000 degrees Fahrenheit, there are searing ghosts blazing at 100, 000 degrees Fahrenheit and almost
too hot to be seen, for the great part of their radiation is in the invisible ultraviolet range. Obviously, the
"daylight" produced by any star depends on its temperature; today(and for ages to come) our Sun is at
about 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit, and this means that most of the Sun's light is concentrated in the yellow
band of the spectrum, falling slowly in intensity toward both the longer and shorter light waves.
That yellow "hump" will shift as the Sun evolves, and the light of day will change accordingly. It is
natural to assume that as the Sun grows older, and uses up its hydrogen fuel-which it is now doing at the
spanking rate of half a billion tons a second- it will become steadily colder and redder.
12. What is the passage mainly about?
a. Faint dwarf stars b. The evolutionary cycle of the Sun
c. The Sun's fuel problem d. The dangers of invisible radiation

13. What the author says is especially important about the Sun at the present time?
a. It appears yellow b. It always remains the same c. It has a short history d. It is too cold

14. Why are very hot stars referred to as "ghosts"?

a. They are short- lived b. They are c. They are frightening d. They are nearly invisible
mysterious

15. According to the passage as the Sun continues to age, it is likely to become what color?
 a. Yellow b. Violet c. Red d. White

16. In line 15, to which of the following does "it" refer?

a. yellow "hump" b. day c. Sun d. hydrogen fuel

Text 4
The modern age is an age of electricity. People are so used to electric lights, radio, televisions, and
telephones that it is hard to imagine what life would be like without them. When there is a power failure,
people grope about in flickering candlelight. Cars hesitate in the streets because there are no traffic lights
to guide them, and food spoils in silent refrigerators.
Yet, people began to understand how electricity works only a little more than two centuries ago.
Nature has apparently been experimenting in this field for millions of years. Scientists are discovering
more and more that the living world may hold many interesting secrets of electricity that could benefit
humanity.
All living cells sent out tiny pulses of electricity. As the heart beats. It sends out pulses of recorded
electricity; they form an electrocardiogram, which a doctor can study to determine how well the heart is
working. The brain, too, sends out brain waves of electricity, which can be recorded in an
electroencephalogram. The electric currents generated by most living cells are extremely small-of-ten so
small that sensitive instruments are needed to record them. But in some animals, certain muscle cells have
become so specialized as electrical generators that they do not work as muscle cells at all. When large
numbers of these cells are linked together, the effects can be astonishing.
The electric eel is an amazing storage battery. It can send a jolt of as much as eight hundred volts of
electricity through the water in which it lives. An electric house current is only one hundred twenty volts.)
As many as four fifths of all the cells in the electric eel ’s body are specialized for generating electricity,
and the strength of the shock it can deliver corresponds roughly to the length of its body.

17. What is the main idea of the passage?

a. Electric eels are potentially dangerous
b. Biology and electricity appear to be closely related
c. People would be at a loss without electricity
d. Scientists still have much to discover about electricity

18. The author mentions all of the following as results of a blackout EXCEPT……
a. refrigerated food items may go bad b. traffic lights do not work
c. people must rely on candlelight d. elevators and escalators do not function

19. Why does the author mention electric eels?

a. To warn the reader to stay away from them b. To compare their voltage to that used in
houses
c. To give an example of a living electrical generator d. To describe a new source of electrical power

20. How many volts of electricity can an electric eel emit?

a. 1,000 b. 800 c. 200 d. 120

21. It can be inferred from the passage that the longer an eel is the …….
a. more beneficial it will be to science b. more powerful will be its electrical charge
c. easier it will be to find d. tougher it will be to eat

Text 5
Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and emigrated to New York City when she was ten
years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a
woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters seeking admission to medical
school, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. So determined was she, that she taught school
and gave music lessons to earn money for her tuition.
In1849, after graduation from medical school, she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted
to be a surgeon, but a serious eye infection forced her to abandon the idea.
Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a
woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another female doctor, managed to open
a new hospital, the first for women and children. Besides being the first female physician and founding her
own hospital, she also established the first medical school for women.

22. Why couldn’t Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dreams of becoming a surgeon?
a. She couldn’t get admitted to medical school
b. She decided to further her education in Paris
c. A serious eye infection halted her quest
d. It was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States
23. What main obstacle almost destroyed Elizabeth’s chances for becoming a doctor ?
a. She was a woman c. She couldn’t graduate from medical school
b. She wrote too many letters d. She couldn’t establish her hospital

24. How many years elapsed between her graduation from medical school and the opening of her hospital?
a. 8 b. 10 c. 19 d. 36

25. All of the following are “firsts” in the life of Elizabeth Blackwell, except ……..
a. she became the first female physician
b. she was the first woman surgeon
c. she and several other women founded the first hospital for women and children
d. she established the first medical school for women

Text 6

MEMORANDUM
TO: All Office Employees
FROM: Ruth Crawford
RE: New Phone System
DATE: May 22

As you know, we badly need to modernize Our communications system. I have enclosed with this
memo some descriptions of phone systems sent by sales representatives. Please read the materials
carefully and send your recommendations to me.
The system should be able to handle at least one hold line and -eight extension lines. My opinion
is that a built-in answering machine is necessary. Conference calls and speed-dialing features are
now standard in many systems and could prove useful.
At the present time our office uses twelve phones, and although we do not have a fixed limit for
the unit price. it should be mid-range. Recommendations should be in my office by the end of the
week 50 an order can be placed through Supplies and Equipment by the first of the month.

Enclosures
26. What does the memo discuss?
a. Holding a conference on telecommunications b. Repairing old telephone units
c. Communicating by telephone less frequently d. Choosing a new telephone system

27. What should people do after reading the memo?

a. Organize a conference to discuss the matter b. Order new phones right away
c. Notify Ruth Crawford of a preference d. Contact Supplies and Equipment as
soon as possible

28. What is a criterion for selecting equipment?

a. Use of standard colors b. One hold line and at least eight extension lines
c. Separate answering machine d. Low price per unit

Text 7

The term 'virus is derived from the Latin word for poison or slime. It was originally applied to the
noxious stench emanating from swamps that was thought to cause a variety of diseases in the centuries
before microbes were discovered and specifically linked to illness. But it was not until almost the end of
the nineteenth century that a true virus was proven to be the cause of a disease.
The nature of viruses made them impossible to detect for many years even after bacteria had been
discovered and studied. Not only are viruses too small to be seen with a light microscope, they also cannot
be detected through their biological activity, except as it occurs in conjunction with other organisms. In
fact, viruses show no traces of biological activity by themselves. Unlike bacteria, they are not living
agents in the strictest sense Viruses are very simple pieces of organic material composed only of nucleic
acid, either DNA or RNA, enclosed in a coat of protein made up of simple structural units.(Some viruses
also contain carbohydrates and lipids.) They are parasites, requiring human, animal, or plant cells to live.
The virus replicates by attaching to a cell and injecting its nucleic acid.' once inside the cell, the DNA or
 RNA that contains the virus' genetic information takes over the cell's biological machinery, and the cell
begins to manufacture viral proteins rather than its own.
29. Which of the following is the best title for the passage …….
a. New Developments in Viral Research b. Exploring the Causes of Disease
c. DNA: Nature’s Building Block d. Understanding Viruses

30. Before microbes were discovered It was believed that some diseases were caused by ……..
a. germ-carrying insects b. certain strains of bacteria
c. foul odors released from swamps d. slimy creatures living near swamps

31. The word "proven" in line 4 is closest meaning to which of the following …….
a. Shown b. Feared c. Imagined d. Considered

32. The word “nature" in line 5 is closest in meaning to which of the following?
a. Self-sufficiency b. Shapes c. Characteristics d. Speed

33. The author implies that bacteria were investigated earlier than viruses because …………..
a. bacteria are easier to detect b. bacteria are harder to eradicate
c. viruses are extremely poisonous d. viruses are found only in hot climates

34. All of the following may be components of a virus EXCEPT……

a. RNA b. plant cells c. carbohydrates d. a coat of protein

Text 8

EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
for Minor Chemical Spills

ATTENTION!
Certain experiments require the handling of hazardous chemicals and materials. Please be familiar with the
following emergency procedures.
1. GET AWAY. Extinguish any ignition source (burners, appliances, etc) and move to a safe distance.
2. DETERMINE the substance spilled extent of the spill and degree of hazard. Block off the area.
3. GET HELP. If the spill cannot be handled safely using the equipment and personnel present, activate
the fire alarm and call 911 for emergency assistance. Also call security at 777.
4. ASSESS INJURIES. If anyone is injured, call 911.
5. CLEAN UP SPILL WITH PROPER EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS. Select proper personal
protective equipment and clean-up materials for the spill. Place contaminated materials in the container
designated for hazardous waste.
6. DISPOSAL. Contact Environmental Health and Safety personnel. Absorbed materials remain
hazardous. Treat them with care.
35. Where this notice would be posted?
a. In a restaurant kitchen b. In a health food store c. In a laboratory d. In a garage

36. In case of a spill, what should be done first?

a. Put on protective gear b. Contact the janitor
c. Turn off open flames and electrical sources d. Call the fire department

37. How should contaminated materials be disposed of?

a. They should be burned b. They should be rinsed thoroughly with water
c. They should be placed outside d. They should be placed in special containers

Text 9
The Nature Conservation Society

Dear Member,
Following the Annual General Meeting, we are proceeding with the election of two new members of
the board. Board members are elected for a three-year term and may not serve more than two consecutive
periods. As an active member of the society, you are entitled to vote for the candidate of your choice by
secret ballot.
The profiles of the four candidates standing for election are enclosed on a separate sheet. You will
also find a postal ballot form and a stamped addressed envelope. Photocopies of ballot forms will not be
accepted.
Please return your vote to us by November 8th. The results of the ballot will be published on our
 website and in the December newsletter.

Best Regards,
Norris McWerter
Chairman

38. How can members vote in the election?

a. By attending the yearly meeting b. By submitting a postal vote
c. By connecting to the society's website d. By calling Norris McWerter

39. How long can a member serve on the board?

a. Two years b. Four years c. Six years d. Eight years

40. What is NOT included with this letter?

a. A newsletter b. A postal ballot form
c. A profile of the candidates d. A stamped addressed return envelope

CATATAN: BILA DIPERLUKAN

ESSAY
Translate the text below into good Indonesia
Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and emigrated to New York City when she was ten
years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a
woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters seeking admission to medical
school, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. So determined was she, that she taught
school and gave music lessons to earn money for her tuition. In1849, after graduation from medical
school, she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon, but a serious eye
infection forced her to abandon the idea. Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to
start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along
with another female doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children. Besides
being the first female physician and founding her own hospital, she also established the first medical
school for women.