Structure Analysis I

Chapter 5
C bl & A
Cables Arches
h
 Cables
• Cables are often used in engineering structure to
support and or transmit loads from one member to
another
th
C bl subjected
Cables bj d to concentrated
d
loads
 Example 1
Determine the tension in cables and what is the dimension h ?
 ∑M A =0
TCD ( 53 )2 + TCD ( 54 )5.5 − 3(2) − 8(4) = 0
TCD = 6.79kN

∑ x
F = 0 → 6.79
9 ( 5 ) − TBC cos θ BC = 0
3

∑ y
F = 0 → 6 .79 ( 5 ) − 8 + TBC sin θ BC = 0
4

TBC = 4.82
θ BC = 32.3o
∑ x
F = 0 → 4.82 (cos 32. 3o
) − TBA cos θ BA = 0
∑ y
F = 0 → −4 .82 (sin 32 .3o
) − 3 + TBA sin θ BA = 0
TBA = 6.90
θ BA = 53.8o

h = 2(tan 53.8) = 2.74m

Cables subjected to a Uniform
Distributed Load
Analysis Procedure
 Analysis Procedure

∑F x =0 −T cos θ + (T + ∆T ) cos (θ + ∆θ ) = 0
∑F y =0 i θ − w 0 ∆x + (T + ∆T ) sin
−T sin i (θ + ∆θ ) = 0
∆x
∑ Fy =0 w 0 ∆x ⋅
2
−T cos θ ⋅ ∆y + T ssin θ ⋅ ∆x = 0

Dividing each eq. by ∆x and taking the limit as ∆x → 0

and
d hence
h ∆y → 0,
0 ∆θ → 0 andd ∆T → 0
 Analysis Procedure

d (T cos θ )
=0 (1)
dx
d (T sin θ )
=w 0 ((2))
dx
dyy
t θ
= tan (3)
dx
 Analysis Procedure
at xx=00 ⇒ T
T=F
FH
Integrate eqs. (1) and ( 2 )
T cos θ = FH (4)
T sin θ = w 0 x (5)
dividing 4 by 5
dy w 0 x
tanθ = =
dx FH
 Analysis Procedure
dy w 0 x w 0x 2
= ⇒y =
d
dx FH 2FH
w 0 L2
@x = L, y = h FH =
2h
2h
h 2
⇒y = 2x
L
FH
T max is at where θ is maximum T max =
cos θ
= FH + (w 0 L )
2
T max = FH +V2 2 2

2
⎛ L ⎞
= w 0L 1 + ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2 h ⎠
 Example 2
Determine the tension of the cable at points A, B, C
Assume the girder weight is 850 lb/ft
 Example 3
Determine the tension of the cable at points A, B

FH FH

2 VA VB
w L
FH = 0
2⋅h
500 (15 )
2

FH = = 7031.25
2 ⋅8

W L 500 × 30
V A =V B = = = 7500 Ib=7.5k
2 2
T max = T A = T B = H 2 +V 2
= 7.0312 + 7.52 = 10.280
Example 4
Arches
Arches Types
Example of Fixed Arch
Three Hinge Arches
 Example 5
Determine the internal forces at Section D

∑M A = 0 ⇒ B y (40) − 100(10) − 60(28) = 0

B y = 67 kN
∑M C ( Right ) = 0 ⇒ − Bx (6) − 60(8) + 67(20) = 0
Bx = 86kN
∑F x =0
Ax = 86kN
∑F y =0
Ay = 93kN
 242
86 cos20
20

93 sin20
86
86 sin20
i 20
93
93 cos20 242
112.6

58
Example 6
Determine the internal forces at Section D
∑M = 0 A ⇒ C y = 25kips
∑F = 0
y

A y = 25kips
∑M B ( Right ) = 0 ⇒ 25 (50) − C x (25) − 25 (25) = 0
C x = 25kips
∑F x =0
A x = 25kips
∑F y =0
By = 0
∑F x =0
B x = 25kips
p
 θ = 26.6
26 6o

−25 2
y = 2
x
50
dy −25
= 2 ( 2x )
25 θ + 12.5sin
N D = 25cos 12 5 i θ = 27
27.95
95
dx 50
dy −25
V D = 25sinθ − 12.5cos θ = 0.0
tan −1 = = 2 ( 2 × 25 ) = −0.5
dx x = 25 50 M D = −25(6.25) + 12.5(12.5) = 0
θ = 26.6o
Example 7
 Problem 1
Determine the internal forces at B
 Problem 2
Determine the Tension at A & B