B.

TO STUDY THE FLOW PROPERTIES OF LIQUID PREPARATIONS

Method of Measurement

The control unit of ointment preparations is programmed by using the Rotovisco except
that the MK 50 measuring head and coaxial cylinder sensor system (Bob and Cup).

B1. SUSPENSION

(i) To study the effect of concentration of solid on flow properties

Materials

Light kaolin, water, sodium citrate and glycerine.

Methods

1. Prepared 200 g of 35% w/w Light Kaolin in sodium citrate glycerine solution. The
solid dispersed with the Si Iverson mixer to ensure good dispersion. From this
suspension, 50 g quantities of 10%, 15%, 20% and 30% w/w Light Kaolin in sodium
citrate glycerine solution dilution are prepared and amount of the vehicle is calculated.
All suspensions by weight into previously tared 250 mL beakers are prepared.
2. The viscosities of the vehicle and the suspensions at temperature of 28 C are
determined. From the results, plotted graph showed the relationship between
concentration of solid (%w/w) and relative viscosity.
Calculations

Prepared 200 g of 35% w/w Light Kaolin in sodium citrate glycerine solution

35% of Light Kaolin,

200 g X 35 g / 100 g = 70 g

65% of Sodium Citrate in glycerine solution,

200 g X 75 g / 100 g = 130 g

40% w/w of Glycerine,

130 g X 40 g / 100 g = 52 g

60% of Sodium Citrate in water,

130 g X 60 g / 100 g = 78 g

1% w/w of Sodium Citrate,

78 g X 1 g / 100 g = 0.78 g

99% w/w of water,

78g X 99 g / 100 g = 77.22 g

Dilution calculation

50 g of 10% w/w Light Kaolin in sodium citrate glycerine solution

50 g X 10% w/w = 𝑥 X 35% w/w

𝑥 = 50 g 10% w/w ÷ 35% w/w

𝑥 = 14.29 g

50 g of 15% w/w Light Kaolin in sodium citrate glycerine solution

50 g X 15% w/w = 𝑥 X 35% w/w

𝑥 = 50 g 15% w/w ÷ 35% w/w

𝑥 = 21.43 g

50 g of 20% w/w Light Kaolin in sodium citrate glycerine solution

50 g X 20% w/w = 𝑥 X 35% w/w

𝑥 = 50 g 20% w/w ÷ 35% w/w

𝑥 = 28.57 g

50 g of 30% w/w Light Kaolin in sodium citrate glycerine solution

50 g X 30% w/w = 𝑥 X 35% w/w

𝑥 = 50 g 30% w/w ÷ 35% w/w

𝑥 = 42.85 g
(ii) To study the effect of flocculation on flow properties

Materials

Heavy kaolin, water, sodium citrate.

Methods

1. 200 g of 30 % w/w Heavy Kaolin in water are prepared and flow properties are
measured. Measurements are repeated after 1.5 g sodium citrate dissolved in 150
mL of suspension.
2. Using microscope, the suspensions examined, and the appearance reported.
3. Two suspensions stored in bottles for several weeks and the sedimentation volume
and ease dispersing the sediment are noted.

Calculations

Prepared 200 g of 30% w/w Heavy Kaolin in water solution

Heavy Kaolin, 30 g / 100 g X 300 g = 60 g

Water up to 200g

Prepared 200 g of 30% w/w Heavy Kaolin and 1.5g of sodium citrate in water
solution

Heavy Kaolin, 30 g / 100 g X 300 g = 60 g

Add up 1.5 g of sodium citrate

Water up to 200g

QUESTIONS