MAKE YOUR NETWORK SMARTER

Image Quality (IQ)

Filters & Lenses

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Lens and optical filter in a camera

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 The filters in a network camera

Optical low pass filter

IR filter

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 Filters - IR filter

8 Filters
the infrared light invisible to the
human eye but visible to cameras
8 Improves the image quality

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 What is Day & Night?

B/W mode

Color mode MFLED

Visible light IR light 20 & 50/940

MFLED
30 & 60/850

10.000 7.000 5.600 3.200 2.860 Kelvin

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 Daylight – IR filter placed in front of sensor

The camera operates in color mode

Night mode – IR filter removed

The camera operates in B/W mode

 Filters - Optical low pass filter

8 Splits the incoming

light
8 Improves color
representation

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 The lens

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 Lenses - Focal length

8A small focal length gives wide-angle view.

8 A large focal length gives telescopic view.

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 Lenses - Depth of field

8 The regions in front of and behind the focus

point where the image remains in focus

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 Lenses - Aperture

F
f1.0 f1.2 f1.4 f1.7 f2.8 f4.0 f5.6
number

% of light
20% 14.14% 10% 7.07 2.5% 1.25% 0.625%
passed

f-number = ratio between diameter and length of the lens

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 Lenses - Iris lens

A wire between the camera and the lens

is needed with an automatic iris lens.

8 Opening in the lens, which controls the amount

of incoming light reaching the image sensor

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 Lenses - Mount standards

8 CS-mount
¬ 12.5 mm from camera edge to sensor

8 C-mount
¬ 17.5 mm from camera edge to sensor
¬ Conversion C to CS is possible

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 Lenses – Sensor dependency

8 The lens must make an

image circle large enough to
cover the sensor
8 Larger sensor = more
expensive lens
8 The size of the sensor (e.g.
1/3”) cannot be measured
anywhere. Corresponds to old
TV camera tube standards.
(See next slide for correspondence to
a negative film and a ”normal” eye
view)
8 Low-end lenses produce blunt
corners

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 Size of sensor to film and ”normal” view
Size of image sensors...
8 ...used in Axis network cameras in terms of film size:

[Sensor size = negative size*]

¬ ¼” = 3.6 x 2.7 mm
¬ 1/3” = 4.8 x 3.6 mm
¬ ½” = 6.4 x 4.8 mm

8 ...in terms of ”normal” eye view

[Sensor = factor x lens size = ”normal” view (approx. 50 mm lens)]
¬ ¼” = 9 x 5.5 mm lens
¬ 1/3” = 7 x 7 mm lens
¬ ½” = 5 x 10 mm lens

*Note: A standard negative (film) measures 36 x 24 mm

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 Lenses – Types: Wide angle

& Large angle of view ' “Barrel” distortion

& Good in low light ' Not for long
& Good depth of field distances

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 Lenses – Types: Telephoto

& Good for long ' Shallow depth of

distances field
& No barrel distortion ' Less light sensitive

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 Lenses – Types: Vari-focal

8 Thefocal length can be adjusted manually

8 Needs refocusing after focal length adjustment

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 Lenses – Types: Zoom

8 Zoom – the focal length can be adjusted

with maintained focus
8 Often motorized

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 Special Lenses – Fish eye

8 Extremely wide-angle (~180°) lenses are

called “fish-eye lenses”

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 Q&A

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