University of Perpetual Help System Dalta - Las Piñas

“A Comparative Study on the Mainstream and Independent Filipino Films

and Its Impact on The Society”

Batoy, Ivan Lesther Dionco, Ma. Juliet Josephine

Cariaso, Denise Trisha Muhi, Charmagne

Mariscotes, Frances Anne Silva, Allen

San Pedro, Ashleigh Justine Shen, Christine Galye

Tumbokon, Kristrelle Veronica Valdez, Josephine

A Thesis Presented to the

Senior High School Department
University of Perpetual Help System DALTA
In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Subject
Practical Research 2: Quantitative Research

Practical Research 2: Quantitative

Las Piñas City

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONSENT FORM
ACKNOWLEDGENT
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Tables and Figures)

I. INTRODUCTION
Introduction 6
Statement of the Problem 8
Aim of the Study 9
Significance of the Study 10
Scope and Limitations 11
Conceptual Framework 12
Definition of Terms 13

II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Films in the Philippines 15
Philippine Independent Films 16
Artistic Freedom with Cinemalaya and Cinema One 17
Youth Movie Preferential 18
Philippine Mainstream Films 18
Film Making 19
Movie Preferences 20
Digital Technology on Philippine Cinema 21
Mass Media 22

III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design 23
Research Instrument 23
Research Locale 24
Data Gathering Procedure 25
Data Analysis Plan 27

IV. PRESENTATION OF RESULTS

V. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary
Conclusion
Recommendations
VI. APPENDICES
REFERENCES
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CURRICULUM VITAE
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CONSENT FORM

This study entitled “A Comparative Study on the Mainstream and Independent

Filipino Films and Its Impact on The Society” prepared and submitted Ivan Lesther Batoy, ,
Ma. Juliet Josephine Dionco, Denise Trisha Cariaso, Charmagne Muhi , Frances Anne
Mariscotes, Allen Silva, Ashleigh Justine San Pedro, Christine Galye Shen,, Kristrelle Veronica
Tumbokon, Josephine Valdez in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject Practical
Research has been examined and recommended for acceptance and approval.

MR. JOSELITO ANDEZ

Thesis Adviser

Panelist

Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject of Practical Research 2.

Maria Carmie Flor Ortego

English Learning Area Coordinator

Aldrin A. Manlapiz
Research Coordinator
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, the researchers would like to express their sincere gratitude to Mr.

Joselito Andez, their research teacher and at the same time thesis adviser, for helping them and

guiding them all throughout the making of this research paper. Without his long-lasting patience

in checking their papers, the researchers would not be able to finish this research paper.

The researchers would also like to give their deepest gratitude to their teacher, Mr.

Wilfred Glenn T. Catud, who also helped them in the first stages of making this research paper,

as they have done their consultations with him.

The researchers would also like to give thanks to their parents who always motivate them

and serve as their inspiration in every late nights they spend in making of this research paper, as

well as for their financial support and contributions in order to comply with the different

requirements in finishing this research paper.

Lastly, their deepest gratitude goes to the very important person in their life, Jesus Christ,

for granting them the knowledge and capability to complete their thesis paper. The researchers

will not be in this position without his unconditional love, grace, and guidance.
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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Introduction

The Philippine movie industry began in 1919 with Jose Nepumoceno as the first Filipino

movie director and producer, thus coining the title of “Father of Philippine Movies.” Since then,

the movies that were produced became a sensation to the Filipinos. The youngest of the

Philippine arts, film has evolved to become the most popular of all the art forms. Nationwide,

there are more than 1000 movies theaters. Early in the 1980s, it was estimated in Metro Manila

alone, there were around 2.5 million moviegoers. As an art form, it reflects the culture and the

beliefs of the people it caters to and most times, is the one who shapes their consciousness.

Philippine film as discussed in this paper includes films made by Filipino people exhibited in this

country and possible in other countries. It intends, first of all to provide a comprehensible

background of the art of film in the Philippines.

The Philippine Cinema today can be argued. It has never been this vibrant, this alive, at

least not in a long while. It is against this backdrop that therefore zoom in, focus on the

audiences gaze, on what makes it tick and explore the issues that both fuel – and stymie – its

forward trajectory. It was said that Philippine cinema – which is not only limited to the so-called

mainstream film industry as we know it – is presently experiencing a renaissance, a resurgence,

not just in terms of awards and accolades, but also in diversity of output, richness of subjects and

stories being told, as well as with all the new faces – talented and daring – who are driving its

growth. And this despite the problems and challenges perennially gnawing at its feet.
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Still, problems and issues plaguing Philippine Cinema persist. "Philippine cinema is

getting out there this year in a big way with awards at all festivals from big to small. That's a

huge coup but here's a cautionary note," relates Philip Cheah, Singaporean film programmer and

Founding Member of the Network for the Promotion of Asian Cinema or NETPAC, who attends

Philippine’s local festivals regularly. Which means that there is an imagined image of

Philippines that the world wants to see and that which it is comfortable with. And then there’s

the issue of how the major studios stick to worn-out formulas, clichés, and bandwagon subject

matter. In a biting piece that appeared in the Philippine Star titled “The future of Philippine

cinema is not bright,” filmmaker Erik Matti wishes that producers “make insightful, progressive,

relevant and fresh stories” and that they “become impassioned enough to share good stories.”

Lastly – and this is no doubt the most crucial issue facing the industry today: that of distribution,

and how to ensure that local releases are given a fair shake at the cineplexes – dominated by the

major mall operators – without being pulled-out unceremoniously.

Under the Media/Arts and Design Strand, the researchers would want to gain more

knowledge about the Filipino’s level of awareness to mainstream and independent films.

Whether it mirrors the reality and situations that is happening around or is it just another mere

entertainment for them. Independent films and Mainstream films as what it is usually called,

tackle real life sensitive issues that the society experience. Most commonly they are known for

bold exposures of reality. Revealing the truth and setting no boundaries, making it as realistic as

it can. But as generation changes so does the film industry. Nowadays, we are inside the

mainstream era wherein almost everything in televisions are for trends. On making films that

either feeds intellectual hunger or satisfies escapist entertainment lies a very curious and

questioning fascination of how Filipinos and the human beings in general relate to each other and
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to the world. Due to an intellectual hunger that needs to be fed, Philippine mainstream and

independent films. confronts real life issues that the society experience while mainstream movies

offer the mass market escapist entertainment which divert away from reality In this generation

where films is being widely accepted, produced and even nominated in some known film

festivals and gain various awards, the researchers considered that it is timely to make a study of

Philippine mainstream and independent film and how it is used as a medium in portraying the

country’s political and social issues.

Statement of the Problem:

In this study, the researchers will be conducting a comparative research between

Independent and Mainstream Films in the Philippines and its impact on the society.

This research will answer the following questions:

1. What are their perceptions when it comes to both Mainstream and Independent

Filipino Films?

2. How often do they watch a film when it comes to Philippine movies?

3. What are their overall preferences between Mainstream and Independent Filipino

Films in terms of the following criteria:

a. Cinematography

b. Plot/Story

c. Acting

4. Do Mainstream and Independent Filipino Films, give a great influence on the

respondents in terms of the following criteria:

a. Delivery of the Film’s message?

b. Does the Movie make an impact to the respondents?

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Hypothesis and Assumptions

The following hypotheses are drawn specifically for this study:

Hᴏ1. There is no significant difference between Mainstream and Independent Filipino

films and its impact on society.

Hᴏ2. There is a significant difference between Mainstream and Independent Filipino

films and its impact on society.

Aim of the Study

Since Filipino mainstream and indie films are racing up to the top and is now more

appreciated by the audience, this study would benefit most Filipino viewers. Since it aims to

tackle the social and political awareness of Media students on what they perceive from

Philippine independent films as well as Philippine mainstream films. It can give them

consciousness that what is portrayed in televisions are true or not. Give them evaluations to how

they will filter the freedom of expression through films and awareness to their contribution to the

society’s issues.
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Significance of the Study

The study aims to benefit the following people/institutions:

Students. To help them become knowledgeable regarding the two films and give them awareness

that they are big contributors in shaping the society. And that it all depends in their ethical values

and ability to deliver efficient films or mediums to the people.

Parents: To help them become aware of the said potential knowledge that their sons and

daughters would be taking in the future as well as awareness to said films.

Media workers: Since they are a great impact and influence to the viewers. Their awareness and

ethical values to how they affect the audience with their works whether it is proficient and

educational or just another form of entertainment that allows the people to escape the real

problems of life.

Local Mass Media: For their awareness of the importance and out-turn of such mediums and

their contribution to social and political awareness.

Out-of-Work: Give them evaluations to how they will filter the freedom of expression through

films and awareness to their contribution to the society’s issues.

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Future Researchers: To serve as a basis and related study to their chosen research topic having

the same interests and concerns as the researchers involved in this study.

Scope and Limitations of the Study

The scope of the study would involve using survey questionnaires to conduct the study.

The study’s selected school is the University of Perpetual Help System DALTA, Las Piñas

Campus. The respondents of the study are students enrolled in Grade 12, Arts and Design

strands.

The limitations of the study would only revolve around the researchers themselves. The

researchers may have limitations regarding their physical and intellectual capabilities to be used.

Thus, the study would only be utilizing simple surveys, if possible.

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Conceptual Framework

INTERVENING VARIABLE

Cinematography
Plot
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE DEPENDENT VARIABLE
Acting

Theme Perceptions
Preferences Impact

Figure 1.1 Conceptual Framework

The main goal of the researchers is to produce results that tackles the social and political

awareness of Arts and Design students on what they perceive from Philippine independent films

as well as Philippine mainstream films. The researcher’s conceptual framework revolves around

the dependent and independent variables, the study’s dependent variables are the perceptions of

the respondents and impact of the film and it can change according to the independent variables

which are the theme of the film and the preferences of the respondents. While the

cinematography, plot, and acting can interpose the relationship between the dependent and

independent variables since it can affect the theme of the movie and preferences of the audience

thus changing the perceptions of the respondents and overall impact of the film.
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Definition of Terms

TERMS CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OPERATIONAL DESIGN

Perceptible by comparison;
Comparative (n) - Expressing the
relative of or involving
different branched of
comparison between two or
the topic and rating
more branches of science or
them by quality and
subjects of study.
numbers.

The action of one object

Impact (n.) coming forcibly into contact - The effect or influence

with another. of one person, thing, or

action on the

respondents.

Independent Film (n.) A film not belonging to or - a film produced not

supported by a political party. belonging to a major

record-company that

tackles social issues.

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Mainstream Film (n.) The ideas, attitudes, or - a film produced not

activities that are regarded as belonging to a major

normal or conventional; the record company

dominant trend in opinion, Influence refers to the

fashion, or the arts. power or ability to

affect someone’s

beliefs or actions

Films (n.) A thin flexible strip of plastic - A motion picture; a

or other material coated with movie considered as an

light-sensitive emulsion for art or industry.

exposure in a camera, used to

produce photographs or

motion pictures.

The community of people - The people of the

living in a particular country Philippines.

Society (n.)
or region and having shared Specifically the Media

customs, laws, and people under Arts and

organizations. Design Strand

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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

The researchers reviewed connected literatures and studies to gain clear perception and

through understanding of the research being undertaken. The information being gathered from

these literatures and studies helped in the assessment of findings in this study.

“FILM IN THE PHILIPPINES”

Film is an artistic language which is expressed by means of images in motion, with or

without sound. Films have a historically determined form and structure that create meaning and

they have a complex set of conventions to communicate meaning and make it accessible. We as

viewers have helped create the structure and conventions of films by enjoying what we see on

screen and wanting to see more of the same. Like all aspects of popular culture, films develop

out of a curious kind of negotiation process, in which filmmakers attempt to understand what we

want to see, and we let them know if they are right by buying tickets and renting videos. There

are many things in our lives that we don’t want to take seriously. Movies are one of them. We go

to the movies to be entertained, scared, grossed out; to make out, spend time, have something to

discuss afterward. But the researchers don’t often want to think about movies as a serious part of

our emotional or intellectual lives, or even treat them with the same intensity we use when we

discuss sports or politics. Outside of a film study course we rarely hear other people engaged in a

discussion of films that goes much deeper than plot or characters. Film is not only entertainment

but is part of industrial and political culture (Kolker, 1999). All nations, our own included,

understand the power of film and television to influence their people, to propagandize values and

ideologies (Kolker, 1999).

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“PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENT FILMS”

Independent films were more popularized and accepted by the Filipino audience after the

movie “Ang Pagdadalaga ni Maximo Oliveros” which captured the interest of both Filipino and

international critics. Having received enormous positive reviews, it drew the interest of many to

produce more of this film as they were more socially-realistic, empowering, and economical.

Thus, this leads to popularization of Cinemalaya. In recent years, these independent films were

and are still impressing the international film goers and critics with its artistic execution of story.

Receiving more and more awards and positive reviews in different festivals, independent films

industry is more than successful. With the birth of independent films in the Philippines,

mainstream films are not threatened as they basically can make more promotions and

advertisements compared to the low-budget films. Both types of movies cater to different

audiences and exhibit different styles of presentation. Mainstream films are still more popular

because of the popularity of its actors and with more public awareness. A number of mainstream

movies, like independent movies, received acclamations from different award-giving bodies

locally and internationally (The Adamsonian’s Haven).

Independent film or 'Indie film' are films that are produced outside a major film studio

and are distinguished by both the style and the artistic manner in which the director chooses to

show them. It have considerably lower budget than mainstream films and are marketed

completely different due to their function of showing artistic value and not making money. To

say that independent filmmaking has become the soul of Philippine cinema is no longer an

exaggeration. For years, Filipino independent filmmakers like Kidlat Tahimik (Perfumed

Nightmare, 1977), Raymond Red (Anino, 2001), and Brillante Mendoza (Kinatay, 2009) among

many others have received critical acclaim worldwide. As film festivals, competitions and
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distribution channels such as Cinemalaya and Cinema One have motivated young maverick

filmmakers in recent years, indie films have become synonymous to creative content and

perspectives for many Filipinos today. Although the Philippine indie film industry has come a

long way from its early developments in the Marcos era when realistic portrayal of Filipino

society in the arts was not considered “beautiful” by the dictatorship, government support is still

lacking to sufficiently help independent filmmakers.

“ARTISTIC FREEDOM WITH CINEMALAYA AND CINEMA ONE”

Since its inception in 2005, Cinemalaya has continued to discover, encourage, and

support the artistic works of upcoming and seasoned filmmakers. Also, another goal of the

festival is for the directors to articulate their ideas and views freely and without any hurdle, and

also to show the Philippine’s cyclorama to the film enthusiasts in a pristine way (Cinemalaya,

2018). “Cinemalaya tries to foster an environment of artistic freedom to help the filmmaker

along the process, he is free to make his choices, from the subject matter, style, and treatment,”

said Director Laurice Guillen, the head of the festival’s organizing committee, during the

festival’s opening night at the Nicanor Abelardo Hall in the Cultural Center of the Philippines.

Cinema One also called as C1 and stylized as C1NEMAONE is a global pay TV channel

targeted to Filipino audience. The programming of the network includes a line-up of mainstream

and independent local and foreign films, film related programming, and original made for

television films. In the spirit of independent expression, the Cinemalaya and Cinema One seeks

to discover, encourage and honor the cinematic works of Filipino filmmakers that boldly

articulate and freely interpret the Filipino experience with fresh insight and artistic integrity
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“YOUTH MOVIE PREFERENTIAL”

Movie preferential of the youth of today have come a long way and while they are both

entertaining and ooze mixtures of emotion, they also supply the audience with new ideas. And

while at the process of film watching, we also have to take a step to know the preference of

Media students to what they can relate to the most.

“PHILIPPINE MAINSTREAM FILMS”

Mainstream films are described as films that are widely released in cinemas where the

movie is either a Hollywood movie or blockbuster movies. They are usually released in the

cinema for a short amount of time and are used for commercials to raise attraction of customers.

They would later be released for home use and sold as hard copies through popular stores. They

can also be found online with either paying for it or not, depending to its audience demand.

Mainstream films, in the simplest definition, are those which are produced by big

production companies and are released and screened in first-run theatres. What makes the film

“mainstream” is that it caters to a wider audience, and that it also popular with most people – the

masses.

Genres of mainstream films are usually romance, action, comedy, and romantic-comedy. These

films can be described as light-hearted, something that aims to entertain and ease the stress off of

their audience. (The Philippines’ Film Industry, 2017)

They are films that are generally made by bigger and well knows companies. It is

designed to appeal to a wide audience as much as possible since the more they distribute the

desired theme or plot, where if they continue to do this, the more financial support they’ll
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receive. This gives them the ability to hire well-known actors to where the audience are more

familiar with, hence more will watch.

Film Making

Film making plays a major role in our industry right now, it leads into the development of

the Filipino culture in terms of creativity and artistry. It may lead on reaching different people’s

perspectives and opens the mind of the people about what is really happening in the society.

Indie films create a huge impact not only in the country but also internationally. It catches a lot

of attention even without entering the mainstream, simply August 28, 2018 Philippine

Independent film 2/4 because the industry has elevated into a different level already. The writers

evolve as well, gaining new ideas, different perspectives, and a lot more stories. Artistic form is

best thought of relation to a perceiver, the human being who watches the play, reads the novel,

listens to a piece of music, or view the film. Perception in all phases of life is an activity

(Bordwell & Thompson, 2004).

Movies are a powerful force in Philippine society. Movies, more than just a source of

entertainment, reflect a nation’s personality. Movies are a powerful force in Philippine society.

Movies, more than just a source of entertainment, reflect a nation’s personality. Movies are a

powerful force in Philippine society. Movies, more than just a source of entertainment, reflect a

nation’s personality. Independent or indie films may also be referred to as “alternative cinema.”

It includes short films, documentaries, experimental films, and animations which are made

without the capitalization usually found in commercial films.

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“MOVIE PREFERENCES”

Majority of movie preferences comes from how a particular film will relate to a viewer

and, as much as possible, an actor that’s known enough for the viewer to see. Familiarization

usually correlates to preference. It also applies to how much it sent and received through word of

mouth. This is a debate that’s been going on for quite a while now. Supporters and filmmakers of

both teams would always have their own stereotypes as to what kind of films they like and

produce. Team Mainstream would say that indie films are nothing but deep and artsy productions

that only a few can understand. Team Indie, on the other hand, would say that mainstream films

are meatless, profit-oriented films that only aim to entertain the audience, and nothing more.

Mainstream films, in the simplest definition, are those which are produced by big production

companies and are released and screened in first-run theatres. What makes the film “mainstream”

is that it caters to a wider audience, and that it also popular with most people – the masses.

According to the Philippine Primer (2016), are those which are produced by big

production companies and are released and screened in first-run theatres. What makes the film

“mainstream” is that it caters to a wider audience, and that it also popular with most people – the

masses. While Independent Films, or indie films may also be referred to as “alternative cinema.”

It includes short films, documentaries, experimental films, and animations which are made

without the capitalization usually found in commercial films.

According to SSC Film Studies, a foreign blog about films, mainstream film is described

as films that are widely released in cinemas, often created in the machine that is Hollywood.

These films are released in cinemas for a short period of time and are marketed to attract mass

audiences and create revenue. The primary function of a mainstream film is to make money and

create synergy and franchise.

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“DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY ON PHILIPPINE CINEMA”

The first decade of the twenty-first century is, without a doubt, a turning point or

Philippine cinema. The relations and dynamics of the nation and its cinema have changed

dramatically in the face of the democratization of the medium. Digital technology has shifted the

landscape of production, distribution, and consumption of films in the country and has ushered in

a new revitalized wave not only of independent cinema but also of studio and mainstream

production towards an encompassing national cinema (Tiongson, 2013). Our films not only

manifest our ingenuity, passion and creativity as a person; they also reflect our sensibilities,

aspirations, and hopes as a nation (Tiongson, 2013)

Philippine movies play a vital role in the society. It has the power to build or destroy the

society and its people, because film is a very influential medium. Movies as a form of artistic

expression draws the widest audience because this is a very affordable kind of entertainment. For

two hours or more, one could have some time for fun and relaxation (Corazon, 1996). But

quality entertainment seemed hard to achieve nowadays. The filmmakers’ standards and

purposes have changed, same with the moviegoers. Those good old days of the movie industry

were gone. Excellent films are rarely produced and exhibited in the country. Accountable for this

were the moviegoers who settle for cheaply-made flicks, and of course, the producers who cater

to the public’s wants and desires to be able to gain profit. Film as an art form can transform an

individual, a society, a nation.

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“MASS MEDIA”

Mass media are capable of affecting, influencing and changing our attitudes and

behavior. Whatever message id presented to us is said to have a powerful success that may either

be negative or positive depending on how it is presented and how we are going to react to it.

(Maligalig, 1997) Movies, films and cinema were aspects of art. Movies become an even more

powerful medium for entertainment and the transmission of ideas, it projects reality and the

illusions of reality on theatre scenes, in TV sets in millions of homes, in schools, classroom and

in building walls in isolated villages. Viewers and moviegoers are those people who go for

watching films and movies. However, they classify as the receiver and the destination whatever

the message is. Whenever we talk about messages, it creates knowledge and information which

will become the receiver’s thinking and how to react to it (Maligalig, 1997). Under this

condition, the viewers will not be benefited and will emerge as losers in the end. The producers

will continue making money with their low budgeted and cheaply made flicks. Not to mention

the negative effects entailed by these types of films to the viewers. Hence, the moviegoers should

rise from their long sleep and demand for more quality pictures. Through this, we can help bring

back those days of the Philippine cinema (Mendoza, 1996).

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CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the methods and procedure that had been used by the researchers in

this study. This includes the research design, instruments, locale, data gathering procedure and

data analysis procedure.

Research Design

The researchers chose the descriptive research design. Since it is essentially a

comparative research where two groups are being identified and analyzed along with each other

to see their similarities, differences and which stands out more than the other. The researchers

used Descriptive-Comparative, a design used variables that are not manipulated and sets of a

prescribed program to compare and conclude that one is better than the other if significant

difference exists. So the researchers chose this design as it is an ideal design to know the people's

awareness and preferences when it comes to mainstream and independent Filipino films and

describe said topics.

Research Instrument

The questionnaire used was a check-list type with two parts: profile of the respondents,

and the questions the respondents will have to answer. The checklist contains the questions that

answers the study’s statement of the problem. The respondents were asked which between

Mainstream and Independent Filipino Films, had a greater impact on the respondents in terms of

the following criteria: Overall Preference? Delivery of the Film’s message? Impact of the

Movie? As well as the respondent’s level of exposure and perception on both films.
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The researcher listed a 5-item questionnaire about the respondents’ preferences between

Mainstream and Independent Filipino Films. Scanning the instrument, one notices that it seems

to focus on the preferences which is needed as the students should become aware of the impact a

film can do in our country. Content validity is determined by studying the questions to see

whether they are able to elicit the necessary information.

Research Locale

The study’s locale is the University of Perpetual Help System DALTA - Las Piñas

Campus since the chosen respondents are students of the study are students enrolled in Arts and

Design strands. This School was selected for knowing the efficiency of the said study among

Media students. The University of Perpetual Help System DALTA located in Las Piñas city has

a student population of around 12,000 students and employs about 1,500 teaching and non-

teaching staff. It offers more than 70 undergraduate and more than 10 postgraduate academic

programs in addition to its primary and secondary academy offerings. And in our research, the

researchers chose the students enrolled under Arts and Design Track for they tackle the study’s

topic which involves a major art form which is film. These two (2) sections which is Grade 12

Media 1, that consists of forty students (40), and Grade 12 Media 2, with twenty-seven students

(27) to are the selected respondents to answer the survey.

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Statistical Treatment and Data-Gathering Procedure

In this study, the researchers chose the survey gathering procedure – involves gathering

responses from subjects through a written medium and will be distributing paper questionnaires

for the selected respondents to answer. The survey will give the results about the students

preferred genre of film. The survey questionnaire uses statistical analysis to collect data, and the

result of it will be used in the development of an individual or to a community.

The aim of this procedure is to know their opinions about which genre the selected

respondents prefer when it comes to films, whether it may be an independent film or mainstream.

It is beneficial to the researchers for it is much convenient to use and the people involve is much

easier access since it was just in school. Aside from that, it helps the researchers to be more

aware of what the respondents actually think about the competition between independent and

mainstream films. Since the study are revolves around Media, the survey gives more awareness

about the respondents preferred choice of movies and how it makes an impact to the film

industry in our country.

Treatment of the Data

The researcher used the following statistical treatment:
The study used the percentage formula in treating the data.

Percentage. Cristobal (2013) mentioned Calmorin (1997) who stated that percentage is a way of
expressing a population, a ratio, or fraction in relation to a whole with 100 as the denominator.

P= x 100

Weighted Mean. It refers to the set of data according to Broto (2006) taken from the average of
the population (Cristobal, 2013)
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The formula used to compute the weighted average is shown below.

Wx =

Where W = Weighted Mean

fx= sum of the product of the frequency with weights
N = sample size
Chi-Square statistic. (Pearson, 1990) It is commonly used for testing relationships between
categorical variables.

(𝜎− 𝑒 )2
𝑥2 = ∑ 𝑒

Where fo = the observed frequency (the observed counts in the cells)

and fe = the expected frequency if NO relationship existed between the variables

Standard deviation statistic. It is one way to describe the results of a set of measurements and, at

a glance, it can provide a comprehensive understanding of the characteristics of the data set.

(Galton ,2010)

∑ ( 𝑋−𝑋) 2
Sd = √ 𝑛−1

where, s = sample standard deviation

= sum of...
= sample mean
n = number of scores in sample.
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Data Analysis Procedure

This presentation summarizes the planning of a comparative quantitative research approach

to analyzing, interpreting and presenting the data gathered from the study. The planning process

further considered the benefits and caveats of approaches to data collection, analysis and the

effects on attempting to conduct an effective comparative research process.

The data for this study were gathered from selected students from the Arts and Design
Track of the University of Perpetual Help System-DALTA who were present during the
administration of the questionnaire.
The researcher employed the Likert scale which has the following descriptions and verbal
interpretations:

Value Scale Abbreviations Verbal

Interpretation
5 4.5-5.00 VM Strongly Agree
4 3.5-4.49 JE Agree
3 2.51-3.49 S Neutral
2 1.5-2.5 VL Disagree
1 1.0-1.49 NA Strongly
Disagree
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QUESTIONAIRE:
NAME: (Optional) _______________________________________________________________
YEAR AND SECTION: _________________________________

Questionnaire: Check ( ) the box that corresponds your answer:

1. What are your perception about:
A. Mainstream Films B. Independent Films
 Modern and Cool  Modern and Cool
 Cliché and Predictable  Cliché and Predictable
 Centers Sensitive Issues  Centers Sensitive Issues
 Underrated  Underrated
 Overrated  Overrated
 Others : ______________  Others : ______________
2. How often do you watch a film?
A. Mainstream Films B. Independent Films
 1 – 2 times a month  1 – 2 times a month
 3 – 4 times a month  3 – 4 times a month
 5 – 7 times a month  5 – 7 times a month
 8 + times a month  8 + times a month
3. Overall preferences between Mainstream and Independent Filipino Films in terms of the following criteria:
Strongly Agree (1) Agree (2) Neutral (3) Disagree (4) Strongly Disagree (5)
A. CINEMATOGRAPHY
Mainstream Films Independent Films
 The movie has a great collection of shots.  The movie has a great collection of shots.
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
 The transition per scene is smooth.  The transition per scene is smooth.
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
 Used colorful and comic elements in the movie.  Used colorful and comic elements in the movie.
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
B. PLOT/STORY
 Directed by a famous director.  Directed by a famous director.
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
 Based on real-life events.  Based on real-life events.
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
 Relatable and enjoyable.  Relatable and enjoyable.
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
C. ACTING
 I watched the movie because of its actors/actress  I watched the movie because of its actors/actress
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
 The actors/actresses gave justice to the characters.  The actors/actresses gave justice to the characters.
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

4. After watching the film/movie, did you manage to determine what it is about?
A. Mainstream Films B. Independent Films
 Yes  No  Yes  No
5. After watching, does the film/movie make an impact on you as a movie enthusiast?
A. Mainstream Films B. Independent Films
 Yes  No  Yes  No
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