Experiment No:05

Statement:

Figure 1; balcony trusses

Basic Steps in FEA:

Pre-Processing:

1. Select a Job name.

Selected the job name as Experiment 5
 2. Select analysis type.
Firstly, preferences was selected for the type of analysis we wanted to perform on the
given problem. As It was 2-dimensional structural problem so selected the analysis type
structural from Preferences

3.Define Element Type

Then we defined element as it was a shaft so we selected >Element

Type>Add/Edit/Delete>Beam> 2 Node 188>ok close. As the elements are a shaft with two
nodes. As all the elements were of same type we only chose 1 element type
 4. Define real contant:

Now we defined the cross section of the shaft by selecting the type of beam and its radius against
each material ID respectively.

>Real constants>Add/Edit/Delete-Add-ok-Real constants Set No1->Enter the value for cross

section area as we have same cross sectional area for all the elements we will only define it once.

Elements Cross Sectional Area (in2)

1-6 8

5. Define Material Properties:

Then we defined the material properties for each elements as >Material Models>Structural
>Linear>Elastic>Orthotropic>Add values of Modulus of elasticity, Poisson Ratio, for
material.
The material for Element 1 and 3 is same.

Elements Modulus of Poisson Ratio

Elasticity
1 1.9x106 0.3

Material Model for material (as it is same for each element we only define it once)
 6. Define the node points.

Nodal points were defined in their respective position in Cartesian System

Nodes Location in CS (X - Location in CS (y-Direction)

direction)inches inches
1 0 0
2 36 0
3 0 36
4 36 36
4 72 36
Defining node point for node 3

7. Create the elements between the nodes one

Creating element 1 between node 1and 2

8. Applying boundary conditions and loading
Fixing the node 1 and 3 by restricting all defgee of freedoms

Applying forces on node 4and 5 of -500lb in negative y direction

Solution Phase:

9.Solve the system

Postprocessing phase

10.plot results (deformed Shape)

Select “Deformed+Undeformed”-ok
11.List Results(nodal Solution)

>List Result>Nodal Solution>DOF-Solution-Displacement vector sum-(displacement in x y and

z direction will be displaced with respect to nodes)
12. List Result (elemental Solution)
Elemental Solution-X Component of stress (shows stress for each Element)
13.Calculate Reaction moments:

14.Plot The Results:

>plot result>Plot contour>Nodal solution>DOF- Solution> Displacement vector
>ok

Contour plot elemental solution

15. Define Element Table:

Define table-add-user label as Axial stress(Axstress)-and select item, component result data item
as By sequence number and and select (LS,1)-ok and close

Element table list

16.Results:

Nodes Displacement
(inches)

Ux Uy U Usum
z
1 0.0000 0.0000 0 0
2 -0.35526E-02 -0.10252E-03 0 0.10850E-01
3 0 0 0 0
4 0.11842E-02 -0.11436E-01 0 0.11497E-01
5 0.23684E-02 -0.19522E-01 0 0.119665E-01
Element Result Table
Elements Axial Stresses
1 -187.50
2 176.70
3 62.500
4 62.500
5 -88.300
6 -62.500

Reaction Forces Table:

Nodes Reaction in X- Reaction in Y- Reaction in Z-

Direction(lb) Direction(lb) Direction(lb)
1 1500 0 0
2 0 0 0
3 -1500 1000 0
4 0 0 0
5 0 0 0

Comments:
 The reactions are at node 1 (+ve 1500 in X direction) and node 3 (-ve1500 in
X direction and =ve1000 in y direction)
 The Axial Stress is max at node 2 and is minimum at node 1