H E BREW

A n In tr o d u c to r y
G a r

PA G E H K E L L E Y .
・

丁E R R Y L B U R D E N .

T IM O T H Y G C R A W F O R D .

qH * ı r ￥ ı# * * ￠￥ d p ・
 L ESSO N I

A n s w er K ey
(C f G pp 4f )
,

[N o te R e fe r e n c e l to th e G ra m m a r a re a b bre v ia te d G ; th o ae to th e H a n d b o r» k
x
a p pe a r a« H j

l 3 T ra n l lit e r a te th e
fo llo w in g v e r s e ( E z e k 38 ]2 o n e o f twentyix v e rse s
,

c o n ta in in g a lıth e le tte r s o f th e a ı h a b e t )
p

D» 5 ×1 n a l￠u m aĦ Ð T ' a\alrı ta īa %

・M
n ïm ı1a e » Ħp l m p j n u » w im W
l& iıM l v lv z b z lh ï y v y d k h 1 ITrwt" )
n v #v t v l '
m

m '
s f m gv ym
・
Ēh m qn h v q n y n y ￥v y
f・) '
I lb v r h ・
r#

15 L o c a te an d id e n t ify a lıth e fin a l fo rm s o f le tte r s th a t o cc u r in th e v e r se a bo v e

T ,
fin a l k ä f D» ,
D fin a l m l O R D r l fin a l p u
ëm ,

0 1 1 ,
e fin a l m ēm P 1 , ī fin a ın o n ; rı}￠rı r fin a l #ád ë ,

t6 T r a n s lite r a te th e H e bre w n a m e s fo r a ll c o n s o n a n ta a s th e y a ppe a r in G 1 8

, , pp
2f

1Ð (16 ) r»
kf ・
yn
7D 5 (17 ) R 9
m d
ı p
DD ( 18 ) 9
7l
m m şd y
(1 9 ) q rp
(ı) «"
d lt ĺy t n v n qvf
(5 ) Hn (1 o ) 7 19 (1 5 ) 了泪 (加 ) 沙1
" ) kh
h, yv d am ry￥
L E ȘS O N I

d th u s e a s ily co n fu se d E x a m in e th
s im ila r in fo rm a n e
1 7 C e r ta in le t t e r s a re
to id e n tify e a c h
by n a m e
fo llo w in g le tte r s a n d le a rn

(1 ) a à ,
Ð (b ê t kif p ē ), ,
'

(2 " 1 , P (fin a l p ë '

, q õ f)

(3 ) ā ) (g ím ë l ,
n ūn )
,

(fin a l k ă f fin a l ūn )
(4 ) 7 ,
,
n

(5 ) 1 (d ālë t ,
r êš )
,

(6 ) 1 ,
t ,
q (v ā v ,
z áy īn , yôd )

(7 ) = O (fin a l m ēm ,
s ám ëk h )
,

(8 ) U ,
D (ţ ê t ,
m ēm )

(9 ) rı ,
n ,
n (h ē ・
,
h ê t , tā v )

h o) » ,
! , r ( iyīn
・
, ş ā d ê , fin a l s iid ê )

18 C e r ta in le tte r s so u n d a lik e L e a rn To id e n tify th e s e le t te r s b y n am e

h ) O ,
i s ,
as in s e t (Simēkh śīn ) ,

(2 ) a , P K ,
as in K ee p (k ã f q ô f) ,

(3 ) t3 ,
n T ,
as in T a ll (ţ ê t tã v )
,

(4 ) a ,
1 V ,
as in v in e (b ê t v āw
,

(5 ) n ,
3 CH ,
as in B a CH (bë t k įif) ,

(6 ) N ,
» S ile n t le tte r s ( ilë f
・ ' áy īn )
,

19 W h a t d o th e le tte r s in each o f th e fo llo w in g g r o u ps ha v e in co m m o n ?

(1 ) r ı g a l l (T h e s e
s ix c o n s o n a n t s a r e
c a lle d t h e B e G a D K eFaT
le t t e r s a n d m a b i
y e w r t t e n e it h e r w it h o r i t h o u t t h e d a g e s h le n e
w
d e p e n d in g u p o n w h e th e r o r n o t th e
,

y a re pre c e d e d b y a v o w e l C f G 1 9
p 3 ; G 6 p 12
, ,

, ,

(2 ) Ð 3 a (T h e s e a re th e o nly B e G a D K e F T
le t te r s w h o
p r o n u n c ia tio n s
a se
in M o de rn H e bre w a re so fte n e d w h e n th
e y o c c u r w it h o
u t a d a g e s h le n e
C f G ,
1 9 , p 3 )
(3 ) r 1 ï D (T h e s e a re th e fo r m s ta k
e n b y th e le t te r s ! Đ ) æ 3 w hen
th e y o ccu r as fin a ıc o n s o n a n ts in a w o rd c f G 1 11 3 ) , , p
(4 ) 1 » n n N (R n
n » a n d e t im 1
, ,
so m
if ie d
, ,
e s la as
g u tt u r a ls C f G ,
1 12 p 3 ) , a r e c ss
,
 ļ E S§Ç Ņ Į

s lit e r a te th e fo llo win g p r o p e r n a m e s a n

a n ta l fo rm s A r e fe r e n c e is g iv e n to in

b re w B ib le

(1 ) e n b n \à (M ic 5 :1 ; E n g 5 :2 )
b y t lh m / B e th le h e m (b )
(2 ) Pb a (N u m 2 2 :2 )
b lq / B a la k
(3 ) 1' ia ' Ja (G en 4 2 :4 )
bn ym yn / B en ja m in s
v / Es a u
(4 ) ā (G e n 3 0 : 1 1 )
gd / G a d p
・
rn / Pa ra n

(5 ) ābà U o sh 5 :9 ) a ŕT p (G e n 14 7 )

g lg l / G ilg a l q d §/ K a desh
(6 ) īaà (G e n 4 6 :2 8 ) n pa r (G e n 22 23)

g §n / G o she n rv qh / R e be c c a
(7 ) 111 (1 S a m 1 6 :2 3 ) n r (G e n 29 6 )
dv d / D a v id r bl / R ac he l
(8 ) 1 l r ı (G e n 16 1) Dm aR (G e n 17 5 )

hgr / H a ga r
v
r h m / Ab r a h a m

(9 ) rı
q
pm (2 K g s 1 8 1 ) m lp (G e n 17 15 )

bz q y h / H e ze k ia h śr h / S a r a h
(1 0 ) ī» Ja (G e n 1 2 :5 ) ı7aŕ (D a n 1 7)

kn ・
n / C a n aa n §d r k h / S h a d r a c h

(1 1 ) »r i v (G e n 3 5 10 ) e a aŕ U u d g 9 :6 )
§k m / S he c he m
y śr 1 / Is r a e l
'

(12 ) a ba (N u m 13 6 ) ruÐb t￠ (2 S a m 12 24 )
v / C
kı a le b §lm h / S o lo m o n

(1 3 ) ĦR (G e n 2 9 :1 6 ) D E Ŕ (G e n 9 23)

þh / L e a h šm / She m

īÐa ŕ (2 K g s 2 2 9 )
4 ) ïa b (G e n 2 4 :2 9 )

lv n / L a ba n
işfn / S h a p ha n

(1 5 ) n t￠» (E x o d 2 1 0 ) y aN bn (E z e k 3 15 )

šh / M o s >s
tl ・
v y v / T e l a b ib
m

6 ) ı￥ R ) ıa a ) (2 K g s 2 4 1 ) n (G e n 38 6 )
bu cha dn tm r / T
şr / N
k hd n '
e e z za r a m a r
n v

3
 L E S SO N

Fo o t n o te s

d as
"
a n d y ôd a s
"

y tr a n s lite r a te
v
i te n t ı
"

t h is fi r s t le s s o n , v ã v is c o n s s
"

(a ) In y
h e co m b in a t io n s o f ı e t l e r s ï n s u bs e u
a lt h o u g h t h is p r o d u c e s s o m e r a t e r s t r a n g q ent
h t c e r t a i n l e t t e r s e s p e c i a lı y v ā v a n d
le s s o n s it w ill b e c o m e a p p a r e n t t a ,
y öd
h h b i w o rd o r a n e w sy ı la b le w it h ın
r e p r e s e n t c o n s o n a n ts o n l y w e n t e y e g n a
a
f lo n g v o w e ls a n d a r c k n o w
w o rd O t h e r w is e t h e y s ta n d a s c o m p o n e n t p a r ts o
,
n

e c ıio n is (c f G , p p 6 , 7 18 4 3 7 ) U n d e r s ta n d in
g r a m m a tic a lly a s m a r r e s ı g th e
, ,

fr e q u e n t f u n c t io n o f th e s e le tte r s a s v o w e s l o r v o
,
w e l i n d i c a to r s w ilı g r e a tly ,

fa c ilita te t h e ir tr a n s ı ite r a t io n

(b ) T h e E n g lis h la n g u a g e ta kes c e r ta in lib e r t ie s w it h H e bre w p ro pe r n a m es F in it

th e E ng lis h la n g u a g e c a p ita ıiz e s p r o p e r n a m es ,
a ı
th o u g h th e r e a re n o ca p ita l
le t te r s in H e b re w Se co n d E n g ı is h t r a n s la tio
,
n s so m e t im e m a ke a s in gı
e nam e
fr o m a c o m po u n d n a m e a s in ,
B e th ı e he m
" "
T h ir d ,
th e E n g lis h ı
a n gu a e
g
fr e q u e n tly a n g lic iz e s t h e spe ı
ıin g o f H e br e w n am es ,
as in
"
R e be c c a "

A d d it io n a lH e lp s

T h e O r ig in a n d E a r ly H is to r y o f B ib lic a ıH bre
e w

H e bre
w b e lo n g s to t h e S e m itic fa m il o f la n
y g u a g e s a c la s s ific a t io n b a s e d o n t h e
c u lt u l li n g u is t ic e le m e n ts o f G e n e s is 1 0 2
ra
1 31 S e m it ic la n g u a g e s a r e u s u a ll
d iv id e d a c c o r d in g to t h e ir e o r a h i l y
g g p c a d is tr ib u tio n in to N o r t h e a s t S e m iū c N
o r th w e s t
S e n ıit ic a n d S o u t h w e s t S e m it ic N o r t h e a s t S e m it ic c o n s i t
s s m a in ly o f A k k a d ia n
w h ic h in t u r n is d iv id e d in t o t w o d i l
a e c ts , B a b lo n ia n
y a n d A s s y r ia n N o r th w e s t
S e m i t ic is c o m p r is e d o f A m o r i
t e (k n o w n m a in l f
(k n o w n fr o m t h e R a s S h a m r a t b l y r o m p o p e r n a m e s ) U g a r it ic
r
a e ts , d is c o v e r e d i
n 1 9 2 9 i C a n a a n ite (k n o w n fr o m
in s c r ip t io n s ) M o a b ite (k n o w n ,
a lm o s t e x c lu s iv e l
y fr o m th e M e s h a s t e le ) H e b r e w
,

A r a m a ic S o u t h w e s t S e m it ic in c lu d And ,
e s C la s s ic a l A
r a b ic (t h e la n
S o u th e r n A r a b ic (k n o w n fr o m i
n s c r i tio n s )
g u a g e o f th e Q u r a n )
p a n d E t h io ic
,
p
B e fo r e t h e y a r r i v e d i n
C a naan th e H e b r e w
s p ro ba b l o f
y s p o k e a fo r m
,

p r o t o A r a m a ic H a v in g s e n le d in C
a naa n th e y b o r r o w e d
a t h o u g h it is n o t k n
l ,
a n d a d a p te d i ts l a n g u a ge
o w n ho w m u c h t im e w
a s re
q i e d f o r t h is
p r o c e s s to b e
c o m p le te d u r
In d ic a t io n s o f th e C
a n a a n ite o i
r g in o f H
its e lf d e s c r ib e s t h e ı e b re w a r e o b i T h e B ib le
a n g u a ge a s " v o m
t h e la n u a
d e s c r ib e d a s " J u d a h ite " i g ge o f C a n a a n lis a 1 9 1 8 ) E ı
e a s th e ı s e w h e r e il is
,
a n gua e s
g p o k e n b y th e in h a b ita n ts o f J u d a h (2
,

K gs 18 2 6 , 2 8 N e h 13 2 4 )
: T h e e a r lie
st k n o w n
d e s ig n a te t h e la n u a e i u sE o f t h e t e ıııı H e br e w 10
"
g g s in t h e P r l
o o g u e to S
w r itin g s it is o fte n r e f
e r r e d to s im
ir a c h ( c 18 0 B C E ) In R a b b in ic a l
p ly a s th e s a c r e d l
"

D u r in g t h e B a b lo n i a n gu a e
g
"

y a n e x ile a n d
t h e fo llo w
in g c e n t u r i
es , H e bre w w a s g r a d u a lly

4
 L E SSO N

re p la c e d b y A r a m a ic a s th e e v e r y d a y la n g u a g e
f th e p e o p le S till H e b r e w r e m a in e d
o ,

t h e lite r a r y la n g u a g e o f th e J e w s A m o n g th e la te b o o k s o f t h e H e b r e w B ib le E s th e r ,

a n d E c c le s ia s t e s s h o w r a th e r s tr o n g A r a m a ic in flu e n c e P o r tio n s o f E z r a a n d D a n ie l
a re a c tu a lly w r itt e n in A ra m a ic ,
a t le a s t in t h e fo r m in w h ic h th e y h a v e s u r v iv e d A
la t e v a r ie t y o f H e bre w m ix e d w it h A ra m a ic a n d v a r io u s ly k n o w a s M is h n a ic ,

R a b b in ic ,
o r T a n n a it ic H e bre w is p r e s e r v e d in th e M is h n a ,
th e o ld e s t p a r t o f th e
T a lm u d ,
a n d in o th e r R a b b in ic w r itin g s

In r e c e n t t im e s H e bre w has bee n re su r re c te d a s t h e la n gu a ge o f th e n e w S ta te o f

Is r a e l
o w e v e r H
Is r a e ıi H e b r e w is s ig n ific a n t ly d iffe r e
,
B ib lic a l H e b r e w n t fr o m ,

e s p e c ia lly in its v o c a b u la r y g r a m m a r , a n d s y n ta x ,

B ib ıic a l H e b r e w r e fle c ts th e h is to r y o f th e H e b r e w
p e o p le a n d t h e ir in te r a c tio n s
w it h t h e ir n e ig h b o r s I t d o e s t h is b y th e u s e o f lo a n w o r d s a n d p h r a s e s c h a r a c te r is tic
o f n e ig h b o r i n g la n g u a g e s a s w e ll a s b y t h e p h y s ic a l a p p r o p r ia t io n o f n e ig h b o r in g
sc rip ts T ho u gh th e bo o ks o f th e H e bre w B ib le w e re la r g e ly e d it e d u n d e r t h e
in flu e n ce o f s o u th e r n (i e ,
Ju d e a n ) e d ito r s (e ith e r in p r e e x ilic J u d a h o r d u r in g th e

E x ile ) o th e r in flu e n ce s a ls o su rv iv e Fo r e x a m p le ,
th e d iffic u lt t e x t o f H o se a ha s
lo g be ga rd e d da rd H br e
"
be ca f its d iv fr o
"
n e n re a s c o rru p t u se o e rge n ce m s ta n e w

w o r d fo rm s ,
s y n t a x , e tc H o w e v e r ,
m o re re c e n t ly s o m e sc h o la r s h a v e su g g e s te d t h a t
th e s e d iffic u ltie s a r e d u e ra th e r to d ia le c t a n d th a t H o sea re fle c ts th e n o r th e r n (i e ,

Is r a e lite ) d ia le c t o f th e t im e (c f J u d g 12 6 )
T he H e bre wB ib le is la r g e ly g r a m m a tic a lly u n ifo r m c o n s id e r in g th e v a s t c e n tu r ie s
in v o lv e d in its c o m p o s it io n b u t s ig n ific a n t d iff e r e n c e s a p p e a r b e t w e e n t h e v a r io u s
,

d o c u m e n ts T h e t im e f a c t o r in t h e d e v e lo p m e n t o f t h e la n g u a g e a p p e a r s m o s t
d ra m a tic a lı
y w he n co m p a r in g e a r lie r b o o k s (S a m u e l a n d K in g s ) w it h t h e la t te r bo o k s
(E c c le s ia s t e s ,
E s th e r ,
E z ra ,
N e h e m ia h a n d C h r o n ic le s ) ,

S u g g e s t io n s fo r F u r th e r T es t in g

1 F iv e le t t e rs ta ke d iffe re n t fo rm s w h e n th e y a re fin a l in a w o rd W r it e eac h o f

th e s e ,
fir s t in its r e g u la r a n d [h e n in its fin a l fo rm

(a ) (b ) (c )

(d ) (e )

2 W r ite t h e s ix BeG a D K e F a T le tt e r s , fir s t w it h a n d th e n w ith o u t a d a g e s h le n e

(a ) (b ) (c )

(d ) (e ) (f)

5
P I

LEW I

l
a r e c la s s
ifie d as g u tt u r a s
W r ite t h e fiv e le tte r s th a t
3
(d ) (e ) (s o m e tim e
(c ) s )
(a ) (b )

f llo w in g v e r s e (E z e k 3 8 12 ) to n u m b e r
bo v e h le tte r in th e o
ea c
4 U th e sP a c e a
R e p e a t e d le t t e r s s h o u ld b
se l o rde r
r d in g t o it s a lp h a b e t ic a e
th e le t t e r a cco
d f in a l fo r m s o f c e r ta in le tte
f r e g u la r a n
T h e s a m e is tr u e o rs

X '
b . n d t￠a r e a s
l o n u m b e r e d a l ik e (c f G , 1 3 P 2 ) ,

コり时门り 旧 tコウ1 叻吨
时びり
妞抄り
りM 月コ曾诌 门1コi n 油 呷

b» W t '
T 3p l T » P lÐ ni» m » '
10 8 10 D»
pN rı n m
-

5 F ro m yo u r s tu dy o f th e G lo s s a r y (c f G , pp 4 2 4 ff ) d e fin e
,
th e fo llo w in g te r m s

1) A lp h a b e t
(2 ) A r a m a ic
(3 ) B e G a D K e FaT C o n s o n a n ts

(4 ) D gesh L e n e
a

(5 ) H e bre w L a n g u a g e
(6 ) S e m itic L a n g u a g e s
(7 ) TA N A K H
 L E S S O N II

A n s w er K ey
(C f G p p 9 ff ) ,

II 3 T h e fo llo in g c o m b in a tio n s o f H e b r e w le tte r s a n d v o w e ls s o u n d lik e E n g lis h

w

w o r ds w it h w h ic h y o u a r e fa m ilia r H o w e v e r , th e c o m b in a t io n s f o r t h e m o s t
pa rt ha v e n o m e a n in g in H e b r e w S e e if y o u c a n d is c o v e r a n E n g lis h w o r d th a t
n ıa tc h e s ea c h o f th e so u n ds
" "

y ëś
" "
'
ěg e gg yes
ke
" "
)
är
"
are
"
k ëq ca

" "
b ët
"
b a it
"
k õr co re

k îı keel
" "

b îd be a d
" "

bôt
"
bo a t
"
16 t
"
le t
"

1î n
"
b ill
"
b u ll " «
le a n

" "
bōn
"
bo n e
"
m ët in e t

" "

gū n
"
gu n
"
m in m ea n

" "
n ıě n
" "

gêţ g a te m e n

d ěn
"
den
"
n îd "
n e e d
"

" " "

dôr
"
do o r n õt n o te

" " "

h êţ h a te n ŭ ţ n u t

sēf fe
" "
hūg
"
hu g "
sa

"
hôl
"
h o le
"
s ūn so o n

"
pê
" "

v îl -
v ea l pay
" »' "

v ēt v e t pëţ pe t
"
￠￠
ta r
¡l
r ūt ro o t
"

ţãr
ţū l
玆
to o p śō 1 "
so le "

šõ l sh o a
"
l
" " "

y ëţ ye t
tū 1
"
to o l
" " "

yūs u se

II 4 W e le a rn e d th a t 1
a n d 1 c a n fu n c tio n n o t o n ly a s c o n s o n a n ts bu t a ls o as v o w e ls

(m te c t io n is ) Se e if y o u c a n d e t e r m in e w h ic h o f th e fo llo w in g w o r ds u se
a tr e s
1 d h ic h u se it as a v o w e l (C f G p 6)
as a co n so n a n t a n w ,

(3 ) D t￠k b » ￡ (5 ) n] (7 ) '
? ￡
(1 ) pb ( ) ı
・ ￡

m i ı (4 " ņ' ! ￡ (6 ) u řia ı (8 ) e rp ı

 $ O N II

'
II 5 S e e If y o u ca n d e te rm in e w h ic h o f th e fo ı
lo w in g w o rd s e m p lo y a s a c o n so n a n t

a n d w h ic h e m p lo y it a s a v o w e l

(u ￡ (3 ) a ŕq ņ (c ) ı (5 ) n' ı
(2 ) e lq ￡ (4 ) ttŕ* (d ) ￡ (6 ) D9 ı

II 6 p o in t t h e fo lıo w in g w o r d s (s u p p ly th e m w ith v o w e ls ) by co n su lt in g a d ic tio n a ry

o r w o r d lis t (C f G , p p 3 7 4 ff )

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(2 ) D q r ib ţ§ (4 ) ņ (6 ) '
￥n (8 ) r ıa 9

f th e lp h a b e t w r itt e n in t h e ir f u ll H e bre w fo rm s
II 7 L is te d b e lo w a re th e le tte r s o a
d p r a c tic e p r o n o u n c in g th e m
T r a n s lite r a te th e H e bre w n am es fo r th e s e le tte r s an

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a ,
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(1 ), P 16 ]

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s
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 L E S SO N II

II 9 T r a n s lit e r a te th e pro pe r n a m es lis te d b e lo w a n d p r a c tic e p r o n o u n c in g th e m in

H e bre w

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k ā lë v (1 9 ) rıbq š e 1õ m ō h

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e c o n so n a n t a n d is
p o in te d e it h e r a s ś ñr ë q (1) o r b ó lë m v āv (i) E x a m p le s in t h is e x e r c is e a re 115 ,

m l ,
ttřia ,
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b e g in n in g o f a w o r d o r a n e w o c c u r s a t th e

s y lla b le w it h in a w o rd I n a lı s u c h c a s e s v ā v m u s t b e w r i t t e n w i t h a n ,

a c c o m p a n y in g v o w e l w h ic h m a y b e e it h e r a h a lf v o w e l o r a f u ll v o w e l
,

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A n e x a m p le o f v ā v a t t h e b e g in n in g o f a n e w s y lla b le w it h a w o r d is fo u n d in
n J đ T h e d iv is io n o f w o r d s in to s y lla b le s w ill b e s tu d ie d la t e r i n L e s s o n ıv (c f
!
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a n d is w r itte n w it h o u t a n a cco m p a n y in g v o w e l In t h is s it u a tio n y ô d c o m b in e s
w it h th e f u ll v o w e l w r i tt e n be n e a th th e pre ce d in g c o n s o n a n t a n d f o r m s a
d ip h t h o n g T he v o w e ls th a t m a y o c c u r w it h d i p h t h o n g a l y ô d a r e ptãh
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'

y ö d ls a lw t\y s fo llo w e d lm m e d lu te ı y b y lı v o w e ı

(e ) C o m po u n d m o s l e x c lu ttı
she v a s o cc u r u ı vo ly w ith * u ttu n ıl*

(f) I n M e d lfı
p p r e c ltıb ı e r e n c e le m u d e b e tw e e n th e p r o n u n c ia tio n
'
o de rn H e bre w ,
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o f p á tā b a n d o f q ñm ë ş F o r o u r p u r p o e e , h o w e v e r , p llta b w ill b e tr a n » c r lb e d a s
a n d q ám ëş a s a " (c f G 2 2 p 7 ) T h la w ill e n a b le ıtu d e n w to r e c o n a tr u c t
" " "
Ĥ ,

H e b r e w w o r d s w it h g r e n ıe r a c c u r [rc y w h e n w o r d u o c c u r w ith e it h e r p tita l? o r

q ám ëş

S u g g e s tı
o n s lo r F u r th e r T es tln l

1 T r a n s lit e r a t e th e n a m es fo r th e le tte r s
f th e a ı
op h a b e t m a r k in g a c c e n te d s y lla b le s
,

w he re in d ic a t e d ,
a n d s u p p ly ı n g t h e v o w e ls w ith a p p r o p r ia te a c c e n t m a r k s In th e
se co n d b la n k g iv e t h e c o n s o n a n t th a t e a c h n tım e d e s ig n a te s H ln t th e fir s t le tte r
o f th e n a m e d e s ig n a te s th e c o n so n a n t

N a m e C o n so n a n t N a m e C o n so n a n r

10
 Ļ E E

2 T ľ » n « l\te r «\te th e n a in e s fo r, th e v u w e l# a n d w r ite th e v o w e ls ł

ls th e y o cc u r in th e

N d rn e Vo w el N a m e V o w e t
中 r窄窄 (7 ) Pっ'
ワ
12 ) noș (H ) e y!

ï n d \c B te ch
hı f t h e fo llo in g w o ld s e m (C ) a n d
w o w p lo y y ö d as a c o n so n a n t w h ic h
e n \ p lo y ı
t as a v o w e l (v )

(4 ) W r ( ) (8 ) n ņ n d ( ) 0 2) n \
ąŕ
4 In d ic a te w h ic h o f t h e fo llo w in g w o rd s e m p lo y v ūv ns a co n so n a n t (C ) a n d w h ic h
e m p lo y It a s n v o w e l (V )

弓 F ro ı
n yo u r s tu dy o f th e O lo s s u r y (c f G , p p 4 24 1f ) d e fin e
,
th e fo llo w in g te rm s

(1) C o m po u n d S h e
(2 ) D ıp h th o n g
(3 ) 1Ąa lf V o w e ı
(4 ) M a s o r e te s
(5 ) M m o r e tlc T ex t
vł
r (6 ) M n tr e s I e c tio n is
(7 ) M u n a h
(R ) P o in te d T e x t
(9 ) S c r ip tlo P le n a
(10 ) T r a n s llte r a tı
o n

1l
 L E S S O N III

A n sw er K ey
(C f G p p 1 4 f )
,

BeG D K PaT le tte r s in ll t h e w o rds lis te d b e lo w A dd a da gesh

I II 1 T he re a re a e a

it b e lo f t h e s e le t te r s P le a s e n o te th a t th e s h e v a s a r e
le n e w he re v er n g s in o n e o

a ll s ile n t (C f G 1 9, p 3 )

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ii? (14 ) tü $ Į ,

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(u W d) (4 ) an
rı ) R 0à (1 o ) tařEi
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rı q
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IU 3 T ra n s lite r a te th e w o rds lis te d a lx »v e a n d p r a c tic e p r o n o u n c in g U ıe ï ıı

U ) ã t tā h (5 ) I]ã y y â h (9 ) š īb b ē r

(2 ) g īb b ô r (6 ) y ä r d ën (1 0 ) §ī§ §i

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(4 ) h īn n ēh (8 ) m ī§ p a ţ (12 ) te fīl lã h

in 4 E x o d u s 3 1 is re pro d u ced he re

ıņ8 īx m w m đ! r
'
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12
 L E SSO N m

(1 ) C o p y t h e t h r e e w o r d s in w h ic h ll th e le tt e r s
a a re g u tt u r a ls
(a ) rı (b ) ın x (c ) ıņ
(2 ) C o p y th e t h r e e p a ir s o f w o rds lin k e d to g e t h e r b y m ã q q éfs
(a ) ï« h n ￥ (b )
b$
-

Ħļ rı (c ) ırı
-
-

(3 ) C o p y th e w o rd th a t h a s b o th a d a e s h le n e a n d d a g e s h fo r te
g a ,
in d ic a tin g
w h ic h is w h ic h

ıņ lÐ d a g e s h fo r te ,
a d a g e s h le n e

(4 ) C o p y th e w o rd t h a t c o n ta in s a co m d he
po u n s v a

D \
« n Ţ T

m 5 G e n e s is 2 3 is re p ro d u ce d he re

'
ņ ' a q đ e i" r« D ' r ib !§
n !
-

b rı
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in i« ¡
û? p !
: niipg D '
rib « -

rgţ ì n N Z
(1 ) C o p y th e tw o w o r ds t h a t c o n ta in b o th s ile n t s h e v a d
a a n a v o ca l she v a

(a ) l " ) 1 s ile n t s h e v a ; : . o c a l sh e v a
(b ) i\ ip( ) g s ile n t s he v a ; v o ca l she v a

(2 ) C o p y th e w o rd t h a t is m a r k e d a s t h e d ir e c t o b je c t o f th e v er b
e ì q -

Ħ
(3 ) C o p y th e th r e e w o rds th a t c o n ta in d a g e s h fo r te s

(a ) '
ņ 메ata (b ) tzř? p l (c ) bi
(4 ) C o p y t h e fo u r w o rds th a t c o n ta in c o m p o u n d she v as

(5 ) C o p y th e th r e e w o r d s th a t c o n ta in B eG a D K e F a T le tte r s w it h d a g e s h le n es

F o o tn o te s

S in ce b e g in n in g s tu de d if fic u lt y d is tin g u is h in g b e t w e e n
n ts m a y s t ill ha v e
s ile n t
a n d v o c a ıs h e v a s s t u d e n t s a r e in fo r m e d t h a t a ll s h e v a s i n E x e r c is e II I 1
, a re
s ile n t W h e n e v e r a B e G a D K e F a T le tt e r s ta n d s o t h e r t h a n a t t h e b e in n in
g g f a
o
w o r d a n d is im m e d ia t e ly p r e c e d e d b y a c o n s o n a n t w ith a s ile n t s h e v a it n ıu s t
 tm

P o ln te tl w \ a d a B e s h le n e
i\ ı T he r u le a p p lie s In th is e x e r c is e to III 1 (1 ), (6 ) (8 )
, ,

(b ) A B c G u D K e FuT le tte r th a t s tu n ds a t th e b e g in n in g o f a w o rd ,
an d is th e r e fo r e
n o t p re c e d e d b y 1\ c o n s o n u n t w ith n v o w e l m u s t b e p o in te d
,
w it h d a g e s h le n e [c f

(c ) A B e G u D K e FuT le t te r im m e d ia te ly p r e c e d e d b y a c o n so n a n t w it h a v o w e l
(h a lf v o w e l o r fu ll v o w e l) m u s t b e w r itte n w it h o u t a d a g e s h le n e [C f III 1(1 )

a ,
(1 4 ) » (16 ) a, an d a 1

(d ) A c o n s o n n n t th a t is d o u b le d b y a d a g e s h fo r te m u s t s ta n d im m e d ia ly a fte r a
te
c o n so n ı
\n t po in t e d w it h a f u lı v o w e l A ha ı
f v o w e l, w h e th e r s im p le o r
co m po u n d ,
do es n o t p e r m it a d a g e s h fo r te (o r d a g e s h le n e ) in t h e fo llo w in g
c o n so n a n t

(e ) T h e s iı
e n t s he v a u n d e r 1 (c f G 7 13 ) d a g e s h le n e to b e p la c e d in
, , p c a u se s a
t h e fo llo in g rl
w ,
a B eG u D K e FaT c o n so n a n t T he sa m e is tr u e o f Ð in III 2 (8 )

tft S in c e th e d a g e s h le n e ha s d ro p pe d o u t o f a ,
a B e G a D K e FaT le tte r th e she v a
,

u n d e r yöd m u st be v o ca l r a t h e r th a n s ile n t

(S ) S in c e n A n o th e r BeG a D K e FaT le t te r has d a g e s h le n th e

.
, a e ,
she v a u n de r th e
p r e c e d in g c o n so n a n t m u st be s iı
e n t r a th e r th a n v o ca l

S u g g e s tı
o n s ro r F u r th e r T es t in g

1 T r a n s lite r a te th e fo llo w in g w o rds a n d su p p ly th e a p p r o p r ia te v o w e l a c c e n ts

 L E S S O B I IU

T h e fo ı lo w in g w o rd * d e l i吕n a te p a r tı o f t h e b o d y T r a n » lit e r a l e e a c h w o r d
(C o ıu m n 1) a n d e n te r itı m e a n (
in g C o lu m n 2 ) fr c tm th e v o c a b u la r y ł h t b e g in n in g
o n pa ge 374 o f th e G ra m m a r

(1 ) (D

山 前
(D » aH

īiØ?

(1 2 ) t￠X i

3 D e fin e th e fo ı
ıo w in g te n ııs ba se d o n d e fin it io n s in th e G lo s s a r y (c f G . pp 4 2 4 ff

(1 ) C o n ju n c tiv e D a g e s h P o r te
(2 ) D a g e s h F o r te

(3 ) Fuı
l V o w e l
(4 ) M a qqe f
(5 ) S ig n o f t h e D ir e c t O b je c t
(6 ) S ile n t S h e v a

(7 ) S im p le S h e v a

15
 L E S S O N IV

A n s w er K ey
(C f G p p 2 ıf ! ,

IV 1 T u rn to G e n e s is 1 1 5 in a H e b re w B ib le a n d co p y t h e w o r d s in ea c h v e rs e

th a t a r e a c c e n te d w it h an á tn ā h
・
o r w ith a s īu ūq

E x am p le v e rs e l D'ri ( âm d ı)
'
, rTijı (s iru ńq )

2 0 iN ( áın M )
'
,
D ŢTJ u
Q
jł
(s řlı q)

3 ıiN ( ãt n â /ı)
・
,
1 /F (s ı
lıńq !
4 a ìe (h ・
n â 4 ), 1 80 (s ï llâq )

5 rı ? y b) ('árn) , T (s 切 断)

IV 2 T he f o llo w in g w o r d s h a v e b e e n d iv id e d in to s y lı a b le s T e ll w h a t k in d o f
v o w e ıe a c h has (lo n g o r s h o r t ) C a u t io n : B e c a r e f u l to d is tin g u is h b e tw e e n lo n
g
"
a ,
"
q m ëş ,
a n d sho rt
"
o
"
q ā m ë ș h ā tóf
,

E x a m p le rm/ņ
a c lo s e d sy lla b le (C ) w ith a s ho rt v o w e l (S ) (b e c a u se it is
u n a cce n te d)

n a n o pe n s y lla b le (0 ) w ith a lo n g v o w e l (U

O L /C S O L IO L C L /O L C S /O S /O L /O L O S /O S

O L /C S C S /O L «X ilO L O S /O S C L /C S

IV 3 D iv id e th e f o llo w in g w o rds in to lla b le s

sy Teı l w h a t k in d o f s y lla b le h is
ea c
(o p e n o r c lo s e d) a n d w h a t k in d o f v o w e l eac h h a s (lo n g o r s h o r t )

C L /C S C S /O S /O L C S /O L O L /O L C L /O L

C L /C S C L /O L C L /O S C S /O S /C S O L /C S

16
IV 4 T he re a re fo u r s iı
e n t = h e v a li u n d e ı l ıh e v ı
e ven v o ca ı* In th e fn llt ıw trı
g Ii\ ı t ıf
w o rd s L o c a te a n d id e n tify each o f th e » e

(U " ņ ņ v o ca l (6 ) ' "

ņ9?) '
ıiIe n ı, 7 v t łL n l
(2 ) hļ ?i! " "
ņ" " ı (7 ) tp?n
' '"
i? . " " , ? \ lle n l

(3 ) 1 7 đ vo ca l (H ) # ?la p ' " ? v ￠c iłl ?

'
J ,
v f ıĽ iıl

(4 ) tu p? " "
ņ v o ca ı? ,
ı
aıent (9 ) '
ņ 1 " '
ņ vu cu l ņ ,
v t ıc a l
(5 ) 1
r?[n 7 s ııe n t ( ]o ) " T ?i
n{ "
? vow l
IV 5 T a ke ea c h w o rd in G e n esı
s 1 : 1 , d iv id e l[ In to o y lla bı
e« a n d d e iic r lb e h
, eac
s y lla b le a c c o r d in g to th e k in d o f tiy ı
la b le it I# a n d th e k in d o f v o w e ] Jt h a *

(1 ) fb ņ
" t!ŕ/H " (3 ) " ?ı (5 ) D \ /ly q /t￠
rı (n r y iy ņ

(2 ) X "D / (4 ) n ļs (6 ) n ņ?
O L /O L CL C L

F o o t n o te s

" eņ is th e p a usa l fo rm fo r " Pņ (c f G 8 3 p ,

17 )

(b ) n ? 2 is t h e p a u sa l fo rm fo r rı ? ?( f c G 8 3, p l? )

(c ) W h e n a co n so n a n t b le d b y d a g e s h fo r te th e fir s t o f t h e d o u b le d c o ru o n a n ta
is d o u ,

en d s th e p r e c e d in g s y lla b le , th u s m a k in g it a c lo s e d s y lla b le w h ile t h e a e c o n d ,

in itia t e s t e fo llo w in g s y lla b le , w h ic h m a y b e e ith e r o p e n o T c lo s e d

h d e p e n d in g o n ,

its s tr u c t u r e
T here is a n im p o r ta n t e x c e p tio n to t h is r u ı e W h e n e v e r a y ðd o c c u r s w ith
d a g e s h fo r te , t h e fir s t o f th e d o u b le d y ö d s c o m b in e s w ith t h e v o w e l u n d e r t h e

s o n a n t to fo r m a d ip h th o n g , u s u a ı
ıy p á ta b y ö d ( ) T h is s y lla b le
9
p r e c e d in g c o n
re m a in s o pe n ,
s in c e it e n d s in a v o w e ı TA II d ip h t h o n g s a r e lo n g v o w e ls ]

E x a m p le s (1 ) D ilıņ 니 D l9 /q ņ (3 ) $
n "ı 니
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C L /O L O L /O L

(2 ) b ￥ = b Ð/y ' > (4 ) Dqı

ıı 4 e 99
n
C S /O S /O L C L /O L
L E SSO N IV

c lo s in c o n s o n a n t, see G 11 pp 18 f
(d ) O n fin a l hē '
w it h m ã p p îq (n ) a s a s y lla b le g ,
,

4 36

llo d to s ta n d
(e ) T h e se c o n d sy lla b le o f t h is w o rd is 1 ,
w h ic h is a w e a s a n o pe n
lla b le it h l b e c aĺ u ft b e a r s th e a ccen t (c f G 1 2 4 P 20 ; a ls o
sho rt v o w e se ,
sy w a

S y lla b le 444 )
" "
, p

d s y lla b le (c f G 7 13)
(f) S ile n t s h e v a in fin a l k ã f (t p a lw a y s in d ic a te s a c lo s e , p

(g ) da ry a ccen t m étë g T he lla b le is

T h e in itia l sy lla b le rıis m a r ked w ith th e se c o n sy

d is llo d to s ta n d it h a sho r t v o w e l be ca u se it is f o llo w e d by a

o pe n a n a w e w

c o n so n a n t su p p o r te d b y a v o ca l she v a (P [c f G 1 2 4 (4 ) p 2 1 ] ,

(h ) s y lla b le b e fo r e
T he mtëg b e s id e q iim ë ş m a r k s it as a lo n g v o w e l in a n o pe n a

v o ca l she v a p
(t [c f G 9 2 ) p 18 ]
,

(i) A d a g e s h fo r t e in a B e G a D K e F a T le tte r h a r d e n s th e s o u n d ju s t a s if it w e re a

d a g e s h le n e T h e r e s u lta n t tr a n s lite r a tio n is m īb b ō [c f G 6 (3 ) p 1 2 ] ・

,

(j) N n e v e r c lo s e s a sy lla b le ,
e it h e r in th e m id d le o f a w o r d o r a t th e e n d (c f G 1 0 ,

P 18 )

(k ) C o n ıp o u n d s he v a s a re a lw a ys v o ca l (c f G 3 , pp 8f ; a ls o
"
C o m po u n d She v a ,
"
p
428)

(D W he n e v e r tw o she v a s s ta n d u n der a d ja ce n t c o n so n a n ts w ith in a w o rd ,

th e fir s t
w ill b e s ile n t a n d th e se co n d v o c a l C o n se q u e n t ly ,
th e sy lla b le d iv id e r w ill b e

p la c e d b e t w een th e s e tw o c o n s o n a n ts (c f G 7 p ,
13 )

(m ) D a g e s h le n e d r o p s o u t o f B e G a D K e FaT le t te r s w he n th e s e a re p r e c e d e d by a

v o w e l e it h e r fu ll o r h a lf (c f G 6
, pp ,
ı2 f )

A d d itio n a lH e lp s

In r e g a r d to sy lla b le d iv is io
y fir s t H e b r e w te a c h e r a d v is e d s t u d e n ts to s ta r t
n ,
m

a t th e d o f a w o r d a n d w o r k b a c k w a r d w h e n th e
e n
y w is h e d to d iv id e th e w o r d in to
la b le
syı s [R e m e m b e r th a t th e r e w ill b e a s m a n y s y lla b le s a s th e r e a r e fu ll v o w e ls
ith in o r d a n d th a t e v e r y s y lla b le m u s t b e in w it h
a c o n s o n a n t (c f G 1 2 2
w a w
g P ,

19 ) ] B e g i n n in g a t th e e n d o f a w o r d ,
th e s t u dent w o rk s ba c k w a rd to lo c a te th e fir s t
f u ll v o w e l a n d th e c o n s o n a n t th a t im
m e d ia te ly A d iv id e r is te n ta tiv e ly
p r e c e d e s it
dra b e fo th e c o n s o n a n t to k t h e fin a l s y lla b ı T h is p r o c e s s is
w n re m ar e in th e w o r d
th e n re p e a te d to lo c a te a n d m a r k t h e n e x t s lla b le
y ,
a n d s o o n u n til t h e b e g in n in g o f
th e w o r d

18
 旧羽 整 固 园

ın k ņ ıh p w I \ııı ï I* tıH1Vn e * ĺłın p le IĮ e th r e e fu ll v f ıw e ı s r ë q á m ëş a n d , , ,

ı l
b lıp ıl \n \llr n ıo ı\ ı» p h y ł e b
,
ı ; Iıı h é
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n l\i\ ı* lı ıp ı￠tı ￠ıl ı ıy H ıl\ ih u y llu b lli Ľ a n b c i[lc n lilic d ile b ( bH / '
S in c e th e t t
\ıı ï ı» ıiltn l b y lı H l\ lo łJ I u w t ın l u n le b ıi t J lh e r w iķ e in d ic a te d
(c f G 2 n p
\\\ľ y!ı lı b ııl\ ı ,

nl 7ı * ıııiu n lb ł\b ı\ lı ıtu u » n ıısıl L Iırh u íl » y ı {

lu b le u n d h a a lu n g v o w e l c f G 12
,
4 p 2 0 ) ,
,

A * i l n Þ w \t l k H lıH t 뇨w u r tl ln l ı
le w u r đ, ıh e se c o n d tu ll v o w e l is q ám ëş a n d it s

\I\ı 1 (? H /7 ? ıli « n 1 ) p c n u m ıc c e n te d ıiy lliłh le w i[h a lu n g v u w e l

\ j
* \ ı[\ł
ľ \ ııı ,

T h e ıņ ln n ın ın g ŕ\ılı v ıw e ıiH l!tr e l ı p r e Ľ e d e d b y y ñ d a n d fo llo w e d b y t￠ w ith a ,

\p v H (» y lı
\ \ ıı
* ll￠ı nhıe t\lv ltle ľ ) T h tııi '
ib H c ı la b le w it h a s h o r t
o » e tl , u n a c c e n te d « y ı

v \\ w p ı
T h e n p p r \ıt\ť h ıo ıy llttb ı e d lv i» l[l n Ju ı
tt ex p lu ın e d b e c t】m e a m o re co m p lic a te d w he n
v o u n l * h e v u * (» ł m pıe n r u u n \po u n d ) o c c u r w it h in a w o r d H e re a re so m e r u le s to

tn lın w w h e n e v p ı v n c t\ ı» h e v n » o c e \ı
r

( ı) A v oť H ı» ı
\e v n ,
w h e th e r » im p le o r c o m p o u n d , B ta n d s o n ly a t th e b e g in n in g
a nd n e v e r u ı th e end o l ĺl » y u b le (c í G 1 2 3 , p p
lı 19 f )

(2 ) S in c e H v o ca ı ıih e v a ı
H o n ı y l\ h n ıĺ v o w e l it a n d lts c o n 8 o n a n t a ı
,
o n e do n o t

u ţ ın » t lıu te Ħ * y lı
ı\ b le In a te u d lh e y u r e Jo in e d 1o t h e fo llo w in g c o n s o n a
,
n t

n te tl
pu ı w il h H r u lı v o w e l T h e r e e u lt ia a u ln g ı a b le b e g in n in g w ith
e s y lı a

) n » u n iın l ł
ľ ı ïn d I[N h u ll v o w e l im m e d ia te ly fo llo w e d by a seco n d co n so n a n t

an d \ı# fu lıv o w e ı
日托a m p i배 ： (找) 斟 战 削n g le 目y lla b le w o rd

(O L )
(b ) " ņ n B ln g le s y lı
a b le w o rd

(C I )
(c ) e \ n / + \s a tw o syı
la b le w o rd

(C L ,
O L)

(3 ) W h e n ıw o c o n »o n u n ı
s w ith »he v a s s ta n d n e x t to eac h o th e r w it h in a w o rd ,

th e lı
rs ıs ho v tı w iı
ıb e » lle n t , th u » m u rkı
n g th e e n d o f a c lo s e d sy lla b le T he
se c o n d »ho v u w lıb e
ı v o ca l
,
m a r k in g th e b c g ı
n n ln g o f th e n ex t sy lla b le

E x tım p le » : (n ) tħp / q (b ) '

? ￥ /?ņ
O L /C S O L /C S

(4 ) ıf u s he v a o c c u r» b e n e a th l c o n so n a n
ı s d o u b le d b y d a g e s h fo r te
t th a t ı
,
th e

p a t te r n o f s y llu b ı o n \s [h e
e d lv ls ı sa m e a s t h a t d is c u s s e d u n d e r (2 ) T he
d o u b le d co n s o m i n l itı d iv id e d In to tw o a n d t h e d iv is io n in t o sy lla b le s is
dawn b e tw een th e tw o T h e fir s t s y lla b le w ill b e c lo s e d a n d w ill h a v e a

sh o rt v o w e l T he f th e l w o c o n s o n a n ts w ill b e p o in te d
se co n d o w ith a v o ca l
she v a u nd w ts e lf to th e fo llo w in g s y lla b ı
llıa tta c h ı e

E 托ł\m p le s ： (a ) '
甲P
' - ・
ヤ中/中p (b ) 11 中对 一 门中/中 ぎ
O L /C S O L /C S

19
 B ac h
f th o ĺ o ll\\ w in * w u ıĺ \» h tłx *\ t\ ı\h u n n n ı \ı
o n u tt le tıı \ n dn *p ııı\ tt ıııe R c w ıitp
th e w o r d w ith t h ņ tlu \łh lo u ť u ı \o n lo tl tı lv lt ıe t lı* w t t ıtl ı
\» n n n n l ıņ ı , n ın yllnhı ņn ,

n ı ť ı n « e t l (( ) n n tl w iıp ı h c ı Il h n s łı
'

o n * (L ) u ľ ￠
ı ih u r \ (S ) v o w e ı

E xam p le : »P . ?W 中P

(1 ) e pv ņ
(2 ) 171a
(3 ) ・
ņq t
(4 ) ıb qņ ]
(5 ) 1h p12
(6 ) n ņ
) ıąT lp ljı

(8 ) nt ￠
ņ
(9 " ņ
(1 0 " 1 1
2 F ro m yo u r s tu dy o f th e G lo ss a r y (c f G , p p 4 2 4 ff ) d e fin
, e th e fo llo w in g te rm s

(1 ) A ccen te d S y lla b le
(2 ) A cce n ts
(3 ) ・
A tn a b
(4 ) M e te g
(5 ) S lılu q
(6 ) S y lla b le
(7 ) T o n e S y lla b le

20
 L ESSO N V

A n sw er K e y
(C f G , pp 26 f )

V 2 P r e fix th e d e fin ite a r tic le to th e fo llo w in g w o r d s

V 3 D iv id e t h e fo llo w in g w o rds in to s y lla b le s d ify h e th e r t h e

an spe c w s y lla b le s a re
o pe n (0 ) o r c lo s e d (C ) a n d w h e th e r th e ir v o w e ls a r e lo n (L ) sho rt (s )
, g o r
E x a m p le 7 t￠
ņņ ls t sy lla b le (n ņ ) is c lo se d m is d o u b le d b y im p lic a t io n )
a n d ha s a sho r t v o w e l (C S ) 2n d sy lla b le (in ) is o p e n a n d h a s a lo n g v o w e l
(O L ) 3r d s y lla b le (T t p is c lo s e d a n d ha s a sho rt v o w e l (C S )

C S /O L /C S C L /O L /O L

C L /O L /O S C L /C S

(3 ) N qa tņ " đ /y đņ (8 ) = is cı e i " ņm
q

O L /O L /C S C L /O L

(4 ) īi￥ņ ÏIT /￥ /i? ) lș ia o

rı
r ıy W ņC Ð
C L /O L /O L O L /C S /C S

(5 ) Ï đ￥ ï￥ ￥ /rı
" » (1 0 ) " "
đ?rı V đ 7 /D
C L /O L /O S C L /O L /C S
L E SSO N V

h a v e th e d e fin ite a r tic le B e p r e pa r e d

V 4 A ll t h e w o rd s in th e p r e c e d in g e x e r c is e
h r tic le w iı s g iv e n th e fo r m th a t it h a s
to e x p la in w hy eac a

吋
、

習 Fe m

鬥 Fe m

1k n ıi< r ı (1 3 ) ař «rı 时就气门 T

īt￥ in u ￥ ci (1 4 ) e ib t￠n ei qņ
ıņ n 1 m (1 5 ) arı コ눋口
D 9 r ib # n e ・
rib?ı (1 6 ) 1 q
ņn 1 1 J? lt

" n " 1 ņtı (1 7 ) r rıv

n'ņ
n ļ ?n n ņ ?r (1 8 ) ntrı n t￠iJ
 L E S SO N Y

Fo o tn o te s

(a ) O n th e p o in rin g o f th e d e fin ite a r tic le b e fo re n o n g u tt u r a ls ,

c f G 14 3 (1) p ,
24

(b ) T h e d a g e s h fo r te is fr e q u e n tl itte d fr o
y o m m y ðd w h e n y ö d is su p p o r te d b y v o ca l
s h e v a [c f G 14 3 (3 ) p 2 5 ] ,

(c ) O n th e
p o in t in g o f t h e d e fin it e a r tic le b e fo th e ls X » d 1 f
re g u tt u ra , ,
a n ,
c
G 14 3 (2 X b ), p 2 5

(d ) O n th e
p o in tin g o f t h e d e fin ite a r tic le b e fo r e I? , d b e fo d ijıo
a n re u n a c c e n te r ņ ・

c f G 14 3 (2 X c ), p 25

(e ) O n th e in te rn a l v o w e l c ha n g e s t h a t t a k e p la ce w he n th e d e fin it e a r t ic le is
p r e fix e d to c e r ta in w o rds ,
c f G 14 3 (4 ) p 2 6 ,

(f) n a n d n a re do ub le d b y im p lic a t io n a fte r th e d e fin ite a r t ic le an d o cc u r w ith o u t

th e d a g e s h fo r te [c f G 1 3 l p 2 3 14 3 (2 X a ) p p 2 4 f ], ,

(g ) O n th e fu n c t io n o f p á t ä b f u r ti v e b e fo re th e fin a l g u t t u r a ls n n a n d » c f
, , ,

G 13 2 , p 23

(h ) S e g ö ı in t h is p o in t in g o f t h e a r t ic le is a ppa r e n t ly a ho rt
v o w e l in
s a n o pe n ,

u n a c ce n te d sy lla b le w h ic h w o , u ld b e a n e x c e p tio n to l th e
r u e p r e v io u s ly s ta te d ,

th a t a n o pe n ,
u n a c c e n te d sy lla b le m u s t ha v e a lo n g v o w e l (c f G 1 2 4 p 2 0 ) ,

H o w e v er ld e r g r a m m a r ia n s p o in te d o u t t h a t u n
,
o d e r c e r ta in c ir c u m s ta n c e s s e g ö l is
in t e r c h a n g e a b le w it h " a " c la s s v o w e ı s F o r e x a m p le ,
th e pa u sa l fo rm s o f c e r ta in
w o rds ( c f )
G 8 3 p 17 m a y o c c u r w ith e it h e r s e g ô l
, o r q ā m e ş in th e ir a c c e n te d
sy lla b le s (c f
R? r￥ / ,
a 1 ņ /a r m In a ll lik e lih o o d ,
t h e r e fo r e th e s
e
g ö l in
į ū ld Ē
,

īiņ a n d s im ila r w o r js sh re ga rde d as a lo n g v o w e l,

w h ic h is w h a t is
ex p e c te d in a n o pe n ,
u n a c c e n te d sy lla b le

(i) W h e n e v er y ðd o c c u rs it h d a g e s h fo r te t h e fir s t o f th e d o
w , u b le d y ô d s u n ite s w it h
th e v o w e l im m e d ia te ly p r e c e d in g it to fo r m a d ip h th o n g T h e s y lla b le r e m a in s

o pe n s in c e it en d s in a v o w e l

V āv s ta n ds a f te r a c o n s o n a n t t h a t c lo s e s th e p r e c e d in g s y lla b ı
e a s in d ic a te d b y
,

its s ile n t s he v a V āv ,
th e r e fo re ,
fu n c t io n s as a r e g u la r c o n s o n a n t a n d n o t a s a

v o w e l a b le
T h e fin a l s y lı w o u ld b e tr a n s lite r a [e d a s v iik It is a n o p e n s y lla b le
s in c e it e n d s in rıw ith o u t a m a p p iq (c f G 1 1 p p 1 8 f ) ,

(k ) p o r th e ge n de r o f n o u ns ,
se e th e v o cab u la r y lis t in t h e G ra m m a r , p p 3 4 7 f f A ll
m a sc u lin e n o u ns a re u n m a rke d ; a ll fe m in in e n o u n s a r e m ar ked w ith tft p la c e d

b e fo re t h e ir tr a n s ta tio n s

23
L G G N v

S u g g e s tio n s fo r F u r th e r T es t in g

1 V o cab u la r y R e v ie w : I n e a c h o f th e fo llo w in g g r o u p s th e r e a re th r e e w o rd
s
C ir c le th e w o r d th a t is le a s t lik e th e o th e r t w o

2 A fe w n o u n s u n de rgo in te r n a l v o w e lh a n g e s w h e n p r e fix e d w it h th e d e fin ite

c

a r tic le W r ite th e c o r r e c t fo rm fo r e a c h o f th e fo llo w in g w it h th e d e fin it e a r tic le

(1 ) r￥ (3 ) ıņ (5 ) e»

(2 ) ïà (4 ) Jn

3 P re fix th e d e fin ite a r tic le to th e fo llo w in g w o rds

h ) ıiR (5 ) t ￠N (9 ) " p
(2 ) t￠' N (6 ) ïa (1 o ) D t$

Ţ F

4 D i v id e th e f o llo w in g w o rd s in to sy ı la b le s in d ic a tin g
, w h e t h e r in d iv id u a l sy ı
1a ble s
a re o pen (0 ) c lo s e d (C ) d h e th e r th e ir v o w e ls a (L )
o r a n w re lo n g o r sho rt (s )
h ) n 叼
労試っ쿠 (6 ) rニ
ロ

(3 ) rı?m (8 ) rıo ș q

(5 ) 1 ? (1 o ) ?
r ı i?đ

5 F ro m yo u r s tu dy o f th e G lo s s a r (c f G
y , pp 4 2 4 ff ) d e fin
, e th e fo llo w in g te r m s

(4 ) M a p p i
(2 ) D e fin ite /In d e fin ite N q
o u n (5 ) P a ta b F u r tiv e
(3 ) G u ttu r a ls
(6 ) P a r tic le

m
 L ESSO N V I

A n sw er K ey
(C f G p p 3 3 ff ),

V I 1 P r e fix t h e p r e p o s itio n t o t h e fo llo w in g w o rd s ,

fir s t w ith o u t th e a r tic le th e n
,
w it h it M a k e th e n e c e s s a r c h a n e s
y g w he re B e G a D K e FaT le tte r s a re in v o lv e d
T r a n s la te b o th fo r m s o f e a c h w o r d

E x a m p le ïa ïa ? .. a so n ï īa t . Th e s o n

(1 ) e i ei ? fo r pe a c e o ih ￠
ņ > eìb fo r th e pea ce

) ıř ? ıř a ) fo r a . . Rd ıř T " ) ıřŤ fo r th e w o rd
(3 ) r?tı 11b fo r a s p ir it
m m l? fo r t h e s p ir it

(4 ) mx r x ? fo r a " " . Nw H n 4 TıS ŕR ? fo r th e w o m a n

(5 ) q '
1 ņ( "
fo r fr u it '
1J b)
1'
fo r th e fr u it
(6 ) " 1y rı
q "
fo r a co v e na n t n T
m " ) n b 9
fo r th e co v en a n t

(7 ) e ip e D ìp ia ? ip i§
to a p la c e o ņ 4
oipiÐ to th e pı
a ce

(8 ) r x r ų p￥ ? rw g?
fo r tr u t h n 4 fo r th e m ıth

) b r y Cı? to a te m p le ? m ' c ) 4
b ņ り
to th e te m p le

V I 2 P re f ix th e p r e p o s it io n ï to th e fo llo w in g w o r ds

(u rı
'
r v
P (1o ) ř x \

(4 ) max W (1 3 ) æint

(5 ) Dqn D q
b§
řn m (d ) (14 ) 帮中 \
1l
P
" W ītP
b?mï p
(8 ) 7 q 7 iÐ (1 7 ) m l r? t ř
(9 ) n 1 (18 ) r?tı
ı r?rw īip

25
S O N V I

fo llo in g w o r dl8
i o r ph raa e s a n d g iv e
s rı t h e
w a
p la c e th e v a v co n ju n c t io n

f h p le te d fo rm
ru n s la t io n o eac co m

lx a m p le : e t￠
ņ e ,
q ?r a n d by a n a m e

( ı) e \￠
ņ e ï￠
?r a n d by a n a m e

d lik e w o rd
ıđ? ? 1 a
(2 ) ¡đ ? a n

¡ş? đ ! d Ilk e th e w o r d
(3 ) ı? a n

d co v enan t
(4 ) " n '
?r" a n a

d fo co v e n a n t
(5 ) n ı'
n i
! a n r a

(6 ) n M \ Ħ7 1R Q
!" a n d Ju da h
T ı T

(7 ) Ħ1 ĦR ņ n \ Ħ\ 3 i (e ) an d In J u d a h

a n d tr u th

a n d fr o m tr u th

a n d fo r th e w o m an

a n d In th e te m p le

a n d fr o m a k in g

a n d fr o m th e tr e e

a n d fr u it

a n d fo r \ a ce

a n d G o d

a n d in th e h e a rt

a n d th e y e a r

T r a n s la te th e fo llo w in g p h r a s e s
V I4

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b e tw ee n ee ı

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an
(5 )
? đ1 e i đ in t h e d a y d in th e ig h t
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r T ￥ ip \ e ip fr o m
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đTıđ1 ņş
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 L E SSO N V I

回 ıņņ ￥$ b e s id e th e m o u n tu ln

国 a 7￥ ņ 7 Ų -
u n t il ï hc c v e n ln g

图 e t￠
l a hu n d u n d l\ n a in e

n p Ħl eibq
一
一 p e t\ t c u n d t r u th

回 » l a le go o d t\ n d e v lı

図 n ņ tp t īņ tp fr o n
ı t\ s o n lin d fr o m n da u ghw r

V I 5 T r a n s la te th e fo llo w in g c ı
t\u s c s

T h e r e \s no fr u it In th c ga rd e n

T he re ls n o w o m a n n th e h o
ı u se

T h e r e ls oo m i\ n In t h e c it y
(h )
T h e r e ls n o so n fo r th e m a n

T h e r e ls n o c o v e n t\n t w th t h e p e
ı o p le
T h e r e ls n o p e a c e In lh c ı
a n d

T he c ity (ls ) u p o n th e m o u n tu ln

'n
T h e ıe ls n o d a u g h te r fo r tı
\e w o m a n

T h e r e ls ı "
n o lg h t fo r th e p e o p le
19 ) r v
$ņ b ￥ !$ ïärı T he g a rd e n (ls ) b e s id e th e ho u se

( 1o ) v￠ h n ïtp ılN rı a lĐ lg h t (ls ) b e tte

T he ı
-
r t h {\ n th e da rkn e

( ıl ) n ? yņ īIp e l» ņ a le
-
T h e d a y (ls ) b e tte r th a n th e n ig h t

(1 2 ) e lp 中要 e P rņ '
T h e r e ls n o w a te r In t h e p la ce

Fo o tn o te s

(a ) A B e G u D K c Fu T ı
e tto r m ust be w r ltre n w ith o u t d u g e s h le ne w he n a v o w c l s ta n d s
lm m e d lu te ly b e fo re t (c f G 6 , p p
ı 12 1 )

(b ) W h e n e c o n so n u n t p o in te d w it h l\ d u g e s h h tıs tw o w e l lm m e d iu te ı
v er a
y p r e c e d in g
\t, th e d n l e s h m u st be c lu s s llle d \s u
ı d a g e s h fo r te (c f G 6 p p ,
12 1 )

(c ) F o r a su m m a ry o f th e r u le s go v e r n in g th e p o in t in g o f t h e d e fin it e a r t ic le , se e
"
D e fı
n lte A c le
r tı ,
"
G , p p 4 29 f

(d ) F o th e r u le 吕o v c ın ln g t h e w r it in g o f īrp b e fo In it lu l y o d
r re u n p o in te d w it h a
s l◆ p le (v o ou ) s h e v rr , c l G 15 3(2 ) p 3 0
ı ,

27
L E SSO N V I

co n so n a n t su p p o r te d b y a s im p le s h e v a e x ce
p t the
B e fo re a i» Ð a n d a n y
,

ill b e w r itte n
, , ,

(c f G 1 6 3 p 3 1 ) th e v a v co n ju n c tio n w as šu r e
q (1)
c o n so n a n t yod , ,

(c f G 1 6 2 p 3 1 )
,
Ł
m n e m o n ic d e v ic e t o a s s is t s t u d e n ts
O ld e r g r a m m a r ia n s s o m e t im e s u s e d a
1 T h e m n e m o n ic d e v ic e c o n s is te d
f u r t h e r in le a r n in g th e a b o v e r u le r e g a r d in g
t r a n s li t e r a t e d a s B u
M P w h ic h w a s d e s ig n e d to
o f th e n o n s e n s e w o r d qira ,
,

r e m in d s t u d e n ts t h a t b e f o r e th e
"
BuM p le tte r s (a , lÐ, a n d S ) v a v c o n ju n c tio n
"

1 o c c u r s b e fo r e in itia l
w a s p o in t e d a s 1 s tu d e n ts w e r e a ls o to r e m e m b e r th a t
c o n s o n a n ts s u p p o r te d b y s im p le s h e v a s

d fr o th r e e F ir s t th e v a v
(f) n i n ' ! is th e fin a l fo rm th a t e m e r g e m a s te
p p r o c e ss ,

nin J u d a h , r e s u lte d in th e fo r m
" "

c o n ju n c tio n (P p r e fix e d to t h e p r o p e r n a m e ,

ld t s ta n d to g e t h e r th e in itia l o n e
rini Se co n d s in c e tw o v o c a l s h e v a s
,
co u n o ,

h a d to be ra is e d t o a fo r m
b ir e q ,
le a d in g to th e n1rı:! [c f G 1 5 1 (2 ) p 2 8 ] ,

T h ir d , s in c e y o d w a s im m e d ia te ly p r e c e e d d b y b ir e q t h e t w o u n it e d to fo r m a ,

d ip h th o n g ( ) T h u s y o d c e a s e d t o fu n c tio n a s a c o n s o n a n t a n d b e c a m e p a r t o f
\

a d ip h t h o n g T h e v o c a l s h e v a b e n e a th it w a s n o lo n g e r n e c e s s a r y a n d s o d r o p p e d
o u t T h e fin a l fo r m b e c a m e n i n q !

(g ) F o r an e x p la n a tio n o f th is u n u su a l fo rm ,
c f G 16 6 , p 32

(h ) A m o re id io m a tic tr a n s la t io n w o u ld re a d, "
T he m a n ha s n o so n

(i) A m o re id io m a t ic t r a n s la tio n
"
T he w o m a n has n o d a u g h te r "

(j) A m o re id io m a tic tr a n s la tio n

"
T h e p e o p le h a v e n o lig h t "

S u g g e s t io n s fo r F u r th e r T e s t in g

1 C ir c le t h e w o rd th a t is le a s t lik e th e o th e r t w o in e ac h o f tile fo llo w in g g r o u ps

28
 し巳S S Q 园 里

2 Tmns ıaıe th e ť o lı
o w ln * c lu u s e a w iıh Ħ qņ ,
"
w ho w h ic h w ha t
"

小 口lp 中暑1 マņ り矿闃

(2 l e '
r1+ H ? ı l￠ ? ņ '

( ) a y a Ħq tţ ı
(4 ) n iv a ı#fņ e \ ņ »

(5 ) a ņ ? ıq ņ īņ ņ
ロみ 기守 衅e 中 iı ・

m n ? ya 1 V l q h n

ıl ?» a ıt￠t$ ı\x ?
W r 7 # ıq n iıijı
: r 弘 習衅 n 罚
v

3 M a tc h ea c h f t h e p h r a s e s w ith it s c o r r e c t t r a n s la tio n
o S ru d e n ts s h o u ı
d b￠ n bı
e to

co m p le te th is e x e r c is e e v e n t h o u g h II c o n ta in s a fc w n e w w o rd s

(A ) F o r th e r e ls n o fo o d a n d n o

w a te r (N u m 2 1 :5 )
(B ) T h e r e w as n o k in g In Is r a e l
(J u d g 1 7 :6 )
(3 ) ( īp I s u
aı ? -
al (C ) T h e r e w as n o s w o rd In D a v id s

ha n d (I S a m 17 :5 0 )
(4 ) ( ) rıtıb đņ ï )$
- '
eł
) 2! (D ) T h e L O R D is In t h is p ı a ce

iG e n 2 8 1 6 )
估) ( b ņv r ?Ģ ï' ņ (E ) [S a y in g ] P e a c e p e a c e w he n

th e r e ls n o pe a c e (J e r 6 : 14 )
(F ) B u t th e re w as n o b r e a th (s p lr lt )
In t h e m (E z e k 37 8 )
(G ) A n d th e r e is n o t a m a n o n

e a r th (G e n 19 3 1 )
(8 ) ( ) D tı
Ș T ı$ Ęiı! (H ) N o w th e r e w a s n o fo o d (b r e a d )
In a ll t h e la n d (G e n 4 7 13 )
(I) Fo r th e r e ts n o b r e a d le ft In
th e c ity (J e r 38 9 )
(J ) W e ha v e a n o ld fa t h e r

(G e n 44 20 )

4 Fro m yo u r s tu dy o f th e G lo s s a r y (c f G . p p 4 2 4 ff ) d e fin e th e fo llo w in g te r m s

(1) C D e g r« (3 ) P T o p e r N o u n
o m p a r a tiv e
(2 ) N o u n (4 ) V a v C o n ju n c tio n

29
 L E S S O N V II

A ı
ıBw er K ey
(ť l ( 1 p p ,
ť lllıI )

th o lu w ı w u rd = ı n d lc n le th c g e n d e
ı f
V \ı\
,
A \ lu p lu ın ı￠ı\\ı
ın * # h \ \ı
w Iu ı ng in d r o eath

V ll ı ľ
, ın n ņiln te tı
w lu llu w ln *

\ \) " p ne n ! e ' t￠ł

Ę? th e ın e n t\n d th e h o r s e s

lı
\e n m
\u ı un 山n ıc n ls w h ic h (u re ) In th c bo o k

\U tţ e ' V ￠
" * ņ ıt￠ n [n th e w o m e n w h o (tir e ) In th e h o u se

14 ) e ņ đ #r?! " đ ytpn

' '
lh c k ln * s t\n d th e p r o p h e ts

nrpn »' \
lı U:n tl lo
\e u In ili e H
llec ld

O \ #Tı lı
\c c llle ll n n d lh e m o u n tu ln s

n h #ņ th o d n u * h tc r s t\n d th e m o th e r s

O \
ņ #ņ th e ı
\o u scs In t h e c lt le s

1 ? 7n lı
te w l\y fr o n t th e c it
y
e \
? ? (n lh e ha n d s li n d th e fe e t

V ll \ A tM th c pıu ın l u r tı
uu ıe n d in g s to th o fo 1ı
o w ln l w o rd s a n d tr a n s la te ea c h
p lm n ın r tlu n ıh \ ıı
n

t t) d ・ņ e ・
V its" '"' ((\) 1ł
1e n
lı
ș e $t"
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(d u a ų w in g s

12 ) e *$ n lt» ņ motheı (7 ) r￥ e T »" )

(d u a l) e yes
(3 ) rH nl￥Ņ ı ın d ' '
t
ł s (8 ) " ņ " 1￥ " ) c itie s

14 1 1 e 7y (đ n ll h n d
' n
u \
ı s 19 l rņ e ## ' tr e es

(s ! eþ e ' Iđ đu y s t ıo ) ni n n ll ln la w s
 E X E R C IS E S

th e w a te r in th e m id s t o f th e se a

th e b ir d in th e sk y
th e n o s e s a n d th e e e s
y
t h e c o v e n a n t w it h th e k in g

so n s a n d d a u g h te r s

th e c o m m a n d m e n ts in th e la w

d u s t fr o m t h e e a r th

in th e d a y a n d in th e n ig h t

th e he a v e ns a n d th e e a r th

th e k in g s fr o m J e r u s a le m

th e w o m e n a n d th e m en

th e h o r s e s a n d th e m a r e s

o u t o f p la c e in ea ch o f th e fo llo in g g r o
w u ps

(ı1 ) »￠
(1 2 ) b= H
(1 3 )
(1 4 )
(1 5 ) T in

(1 7 ) Ę iı)
(18 )
Dnx

o tn o te !

(a ) A fe w m a sc u lin e n o u n s ha v e p lu r a ls e n d in g in n i ,
th e u su a l en d in g fo r fe m in in e
p lu r a ls [c f G 1 9 2 (I X b ) p 3 8 ] ,

(b ) A fe w fe m in in e n o u n s p lu r a ls e
ha v e n d i n g in D \
Th e n o rm a l e n d in ß fo
' r
m a sc u lin e p lu r a ls [c f G ı9 2 (2 X b ) p 3 9 ] ,

耪 31
S O N W

o th e n o u n» w it h Ir r e ıu la
u r a ıo f n » Ir r c * u la
r m ￠l n
(c ) T h c pı ı r r co m r p lu r b h

(d ) A b l* y lla b ic n o u n w ho le la b ı
In it la ı= y ı e iı o pe n w ill u n de rgo c e r ta in im c r n l
ı

v o w e l c h a n 吕c » w h e n p lu ra liz c d
h ift» th e ly d ı
ıa b le c o n ta in in g t h e
F lr » t ,
th c a cce n t * 1o ne w c r e a te »y
p lu r a l
en d in g

U ņ} n lt￠ņđ
n っ哆 一 n l 扔够
Se co n d ,
th e o pe n ay lı
a bı
e a t th e b e g in
in g n f th e w o r d n o w t w u w lla b lc *
o ,

re m o v e d fr o m th e a cce n te d (t o n e ) s y lla b ı
c is ,
v o la tlliz e d (r e d u c e d [o a h a lf

v o w c ı) lo r pho n e tı
c a ıre a ao n (d lffic u ı
t to p r o n o u n c e o t h e r w is e ) U n der non
g u t [u ra ı
s th e v o w e ı is re du ce d to a s im p le s he v a ( ): u n d e r in it ia l g u t t u ra ls it
,

be c o m es b a ţ e f p a ta b

nialđ nlaŕ ?
nlxTı > n \a ?ņ
T h ir d ,
s in ce th e s y ı
la b ı
b e fo r e t h e a c c e n te d s y lla b lc is o p e n a n d u n a c c e n te d
e ,

it n e e ds a lo ng v o w e l (c f G 12 4 p 2 0 ) If th e v o w e l is a lr e a d y ı
, o n g it r e m a in s ,

u n c ha n ged ,
bu t if t h e v o w e l is s h o r t (e it h e r p a ta b o r s e g o l) it is ı e n g th e n e d [o ,

qa m eş

" đ7 rem a in s th e s a m e

n lづ警? 一 n i时钟
nix￥ )
niaņ
S e g h o la t e n o u n s fo n ıı o n e o f t h e la r g e s t g r o u ps su b je c t to th e s e c h a n g e s (c f
G 25 3 pp ,
57f )
Pı
u r a l fo rm s o f b is y lla b ic a d je c tiv es a re a ls o fo rm e d in a s im ila r m a n ner lc f
G 2 0 3 (2 X a X iX h ) p p ,
44f ]

(e ) T h e p a ta b fu r t iv e d r o p s o u t b e fo r e n w h e n rp ı is p lu ra liz e d a n d n is n o lo n ge r
fin a ıin r ılm i (c f G 1 3 2 p 2 3 ) ,

(f) T h e v e rb
"
to be "
(h o u gh n o t w r itte n is g e n ı
ly d in v e r b le s s c la u s e s
,
, e ra a ss u m e
su c h as th e s e

tg ) nip is cı
a s s ifie d as a co lle c tiv e n o u n ,
o ne th a t is g u la r in fo
s in rm bu t e ith e r

s in g u la r o r p lu ra l in its u se (c f G ,
"
C o lle c tiv e N o u ns ,
"

p 4 27)

32
 L E S SO N V II

(h ) B e fo r e ņ ,
a n d b e fo re u m ic c e n te d ?ıo r ņ ,
th e r ıo f t h e d e fin ite a rï c ı
ei is p o in te d
w i[h a s
e
go l [c f G 1 4 3 (2 )(c ), p 25 ]

(i) F o r t h e ru le s g o v e rn in g t h e d u a l fo rm o f no u ns ,
c f G 19 3 , pp 39 f

T h e p lu r a l o f a ř ' N " "

ls D '
t!ŕ t￥ T h e lo ith
, m a n , n
g e r fo r m o f t h e p lu r a l ,
w a
m e d ia n 3 , c a n b e e p la in e d b y its ï
" "
x re . Io n s h ip to tpiJ ,
a n o t h e r s im ila r w o rd fo r
m a n

(k ) T h e fo r m
in G 15 2 n
th a t th e
30
p r e p o s itio n īQ ta k e s b e fo re w o rds lik e e '
>t￠11 is e x p la in e d
, p

A d d itio n a ıH e ı
ps

1 A t t h is g e in t h e s t u d y o f B ib lic a l H e b r e w
s ta te a c h e r s a r e p e r h a p s u n w is e t o ,

a s s u m e t h a t s t u d e n ts h a v e a lr e a d t d t h H e b re w a lp h a b e t a n d t h e ta b le o f
y m a s e r e e
v o w e ls D r ills s h o u ld b e d e v is e d t o d e t e r m in e w h e t h e r o r n o t t h e
y ha v e
s h a r p e n e d t h e ir s k ills O n e s u c h d r ilıth a t h a s b e e n h e lp fu l is [o h a v e th e te a c h e r
s p e ll
" "
o r a lly a p a s s a g e fr o m th e H e b r e w B ib le p e r h tl p s G e n e s is l lff a n d th e n , ,

h a v e s t u d e n ts w r ite w h a t t h e y h e a r T h e te a c h e r r e a d s " b e t (w ith d a g e s h le n e ) , ,

s im p le s h e v a re š șe r e a ı
e f š in
, ! ir e q y o d t a v
, a f te r w h ic h t h e s t u d e n ts
' "
, , , , ,

s h o u ld h a v e w r itte n n ・
tļ ř»1
T h is e x e r c is e c a n b e v a r ie d b y h a v in g s t u d e n ts
t h e m s e lv e s t u r n to a v e r s e in t h e H e b r e w B ib le a n d s p e ll it e ith e r o r a lly o r in " "

w r it in g

2 B y th is t im e in th e c o u rse s tu d e n ts sho u ld h a v e d is c o v e re d a n d le a r n e d h o w to
u s e th e S u b je c t In d e
" "
x a t th e ba c k o f th e G r a m n ta r , pp 4 4 8 ff Fo r e x a n T p le ,

e a r lie r in t h is le s s o n (c f H ,
fo o t n o te (d ) p ,
32 ) re fe r e n c e w a s m a de to th e
v o la r iı
iz a t io n o í v o w e ls in th e fo rm a t io n o f p lu r a l fo r m s o f b is y lla b ic n o u n s
S tu d e n ts w ho w is h to kn o w m o re a bo u t t h is s u b je c t s h o u ld co nsu lt th e
"
S u b je c t
In d e x
"
w he re o n p a g e 4 5 2 is fo u n d th e e n tr y
"
V o ı
a tiliz a tio n o f v o w e ls
"
ith
, ,
, w a
lis t o f th e p a g e s in th e G r a m m a r w h e r e th e su b je c t is m e n tio n e d

S u B g e s tio n s fo r F u r th e r T es tin g

1 W r ite th e p lu ra l fo rm fo r eac h o f th e s e w o rd s IR e v ie w fo o t n o te (d ) p 3 2 ]
,

(3 ) 1 99 (7 ) 75
li

(4 ) r ?e
 :S O N V II

M a tc h th e fo llo w in g

一
一 pe a ce a n d tr u th

図 c ity o f G o d

回 fr o m th e c it y

回 D a v id ,
k in g o f Is r a e l

回 b e tw een m e n

阑 so n s a n d da u g h te r s

囿 k in g o f k in g s

㈹ fa th e r s a n d so n s

田 b e g in n in g (h e a d ) o f th e yea r

劬 m en o f (fr o m ) J u d a h

4 D e f in e th e fo llo w in g te r m s b a s e d d e fin itio (c f G PP

o n n s g iv en in th e G lo ssa r y ,

4 2 4 ff )

(1 ) A p o c o p a tio n (4 ) N u m b e r
(2 ) C o lle c tiv e N o u ns (5 ) P a u s a l F o m ıs
(3 ) G e n d e r (6 ) V o la tiliz a tio n
 L E SSO N W II

A n sw er K ey
(C f G pp 4 7 ff )

V ı
II 1 Ea c h o f t h e fo ł
lo in g
w e n t r ie s c o n ta in s a n a d je c t iv e In th e s pa ce m a r k e d (a )
in d ic a t e h e th e th e d je c t iv
w r a e is m ed a tt r ib u tiv e ly (A ) o rp r e d ic a t iv e ly \p ) In
th e sp a c e m k e d (b ) g iv th e d in (c ) g iv e its n u m b e r
a r e ge n de r o f th e a d je c t iv e ,
a n

Ex am p le

n W fr o m a d is ta n t la n d (J o s h 9 6)

ngl" )
rrļ a lit tle m a id (2 K g s 5 2)

(a ) A (b ) 钮쁘 (c ) s in
一 g一 ―

m ař
T by a s tr a ig h t w a y (p s 10 7 7 )

(& ) A (b ) fe m (c ) s in g

rĘiș ī § a g re a t s to n e (J o s h 2 4 2 6 )

(a ) A (b ) fe iıı (c ) s in g

m rı
q
a n e w ho u se (D eu t 22 8)

(a ) P (b ) m a se (c ) s in g

(7 ) n H a n e w co v en an t (J e r 3 1 3 ı)

35
L E S Y ĮĮĮ

(E z e k 16 4 1 )
n ia i ￠t" ) w o m en
(8 ) D ' m a n y

(a ) A (b ) f쁘上 (じ) ・
.Ur

(J o s h 1 0 18 )
) n iy ş
'
e 9 )đĘ" )
grea t s to n e s

(I K g s 19 1 1 )
(1 0 ) rı
?iș Ęm ! a n d a gre a t w in d

i<r rș?ırıđie ( ) c
T h e la n d w as e x cee d in g ly g o o d (N u m 14 :n
1 )

2 ) n đie rı 7 P th e g o o d w a y (2 C h , 6 2 7 )

V III 2 U n d e rs c o re th e c o r r e c t a d je c tiv a l fo rm in ea c h o f t h e fo llo w in g e n t r ie s

(1 ) D V
?￥ ņ bg ( nt￠
ņ ) ì ?!t k in g E g y p t (E d 1 :8 )
-
" " o v er x o
,

(2 ) y ı: (
rı n?iş ,
ŻE ) H \
à Fo r th e LO R D is a g re a t G o d
(P s 9 5 3 )
w ith a s tr o n g h a n d (D e u t 26 8)

a gr e a t w in d (J o n 1 4)

a gre a t c ity (J o n 3 3)

7 i< P ( Æ .
n @ đn ) a ŕr n an ex cee d in g ly w is e m a n

(2 S a m 13 3 )
a w is e h e a r t h K gs 3 12 )

a w is e w o m an (2 S a m 14 2 )

w is e m en (D e u t 1 13)

m an y w o m en (J u d g 8 3 0 )

m an y c itie s (Z ec h 8 20 )

m a n y da u g h te r s (p r o v 3 1 29 )

36
 L E S SO N V III

V III 3 M a tc h t h e fo llo w in g

h ) ( I ) D \
ią " đ ?P (八) A n d t h e s to n e w a s g r e a t (G e n 2 9 :2 )

Dqņ e q ip (B ) a sm a ll c ity (E c c l 9 14 )

rı) n￥ (c ) m an y la n d s U er 28 8)

n?ią īȘ￥ (D ) A n d th e m a id e n w as be a u tifu l (1 K g s 1 4)

n i?in T r ￥ (E ) m an y d a ys (G en 2 1 34 )

" 1 " đȘ (F ) a b e a u tifu l w o m a n (P r o v 11 22 )

(M ) nņitıY ņ ?ı (G ) a n e w s p ir it (E z e k 1 1 19 )

(N ) nibș D ļ đĘ" ) '

(H ) . Gre a t e v il (E cc l 2 2 1)

(B ) ntp " ) 1 q
ņ (U g r e a t k in g s (J e r 2 5 14 )

(c ) nia n i x (J ) a n ev il s p ir it (J u d g 9 2 3 )

n?â ï l ! " 1 (K ) m a n y ye a rs (N e h 9 3 0 )

n ş nĮ ļ (U a f u ll (w h o le ) y e a r (L e v 2 5 30 )

nş m ￠
ņ (M ) th e n e a r c ity (D eu t 2 1 3)

rı
t￠ņ Ę iı (N ) la rg e s to n e s (J o s h 1o :18 )

n￥ Ę iı (0 ) a b e a u tifu l m a id e n (ı K g s 1 3 )

n i?q i q t
rı ￠ (p ) m a n y c h ild r e n (1 c h r 4 2 7 )

r ı nļ į tı
!") (Q ) a d is ta n t la n d (2 c h r 6 :3 6 )

rıia Ð' ļ t￠
(b ) (R ) a gre a t s to n e ú o sh 24 2 6 )

V II I 4 p i ll i n th e b la n ks w it h t h e c o rre c t t r a n s la t io n o f th e a d je c t iv e s in th e

fo llo w in g ex am p le s

h ) e '
đ ie ! D ・
1ą w ą3 Ð' ņ ş ry
m a ı ho u ses w e L a n d go o d
(ls a 5 9 )

(2 ) īPI t￠ı 叼
a n o ld m a n (J u d g 19 16 )

臼) n t￠ņ ! n đim 77Ţ Į : °n d th ° . a y

(4 ) » TT? in to a n w a y (P r o v 2 8 10 )

37
L E S SO N V III

(5 ) h a n d (E x o d 3 19 )
i?lņ
rı by a W
(6 ) D đŅ r ?e a k in g (P T o v 2o 26)

(7 ) a oiq g re a t pea ce (p s 1 1 9 1 6 5 )

(8 ) a 3! ìt eÐ a pe o p ı
e gre a t an d m an y
(D e u t 2 1 0 )
e qa 3 D q) m an y c h ild r e n (1 C h r 4 2 7 )

(1 0 ) t o i' as a J it te r d a y (A m o s 8 10 )

(1 1 ) n iÐ D ' tliđ gtiful w o m en (J o b 4 2 15 )

(12 ) rı
t￠n ntR . n e w w ife (D e u t 24 5 )

F o o tn o te s

(a ) F o r t h e ir r e g u la r fo r m s o f
ïÙI? ,
"
sm a ll ,
"
c f G 2 0 3 (2 X b ), p 45

(b ) A fe w m a sc u lin e a n d fe m in i n ha
e n o u n s seem to v e a ba n do n e d th e ir n o rm a l p lu r a l
E n d in g in n ì a n d fe m in in e p lu r a ls in D r

U lv 2 11 4 b ) a n d \z Å b ) , P P 38f ]
H o w e v e r pı
u ra l a d je c t iv
, es a cco m p a n y in g t h e se n o u n s a pp e a r w ith th e ir
n o rm a l g e n d e r e n d in g s D q
Fo th o s e t h a t m o d if y
, r o r d e s c r ib e m ascu lin e p lu r a l
n o u n s a n d n i fo r th o s e th a t m o d ify d e s c r ib e fe m in in
, o r e p lu ra l n o u n s

E x a m p le s

nit "
fa th e r s "

e q a ie n ì ・
d fa th e r s
go
"
o

D q t￠t "
w o m e n
"

n ìa ie D q
at ・
d
go o w o m e n
"

(c ) T he v e r b -
to be "
th o u gh n o t w r itt e n
m a y be u sed
,
, a ssu m e d w hen a d je c tiv e s a re
in a p re d ic a tiv e se n se

38
 S O N V lı
ļ

S u g g e s tio n s fo r F u r th e r T es tı
n B

1 E a c h o f th e a d je c t iv a l fo rm lis te d h e fits in to (o
s re o n e n ly o n e ) o f th e b la n k#
C o py ea c h in its c o rre c t p o s itio n

+it rı
?iș e đ0 biđņ rı
ylļ rı
" iÐđQ e '
i ? ni+iļ D đ rup
(1 ) d ņ tı th e g r e a t fir e (D e u t 5 :2 2 )
(2 ) " ȘCı th e g re a t ho u se (A m os 6 10
(3 ) " a ?P g r e a t k in g s ü er 2 7 :7 )
(4 )
¡
ijı
! A n d th e s ro n e w as g r e a t (O e n 2 9 :D

T he ho use is g r e a t (2 C h r 2 :8 )

T he c itie s a re gre a t (N u m 1 3 :2 8 )

w is e m en (D e u t 1 15 )

a w is e h e a r t (E c c l 8 5 )

th e w is e m a n ü er 9 11)

a w is e w o m a n (2 S a m ]4 2 )

2 T r a n s la t e th e fo llo w in g

n ln bit-'à
ia đ Øx e q

ıđTIT ı a iÐ

n 5 ia) n i ş " 1 ￥
b i trı D tı īip -

ah n -
n q

D q tûT " ŕ
e is iı l il i?

n t￠.
x

rı
ş in ņ
rı

3 Fro m yo u r s tu dy o f th e G lo s s a r y (c f G , pp 4 24 ff ) d e fin e th e fo llo

, w in g te rm s

(1 ) A g r e e m e n t (3 ) G e n tilic A d je c tiv e
(2 ) A t tr ib u tiv e A d je c tiv e (4 ) P r e d ic a te A d je c t iv e

39
 L E S S O N IX

A n sw er K ey

(C f G , pp 5 4 ff )

e n tr ie s in g in t h e b la n k s
b y filı
IX 1 C o m p le te th e tr a n s la tio n o f th e fo llo w in g

d y e a r s (G 4 1 35 )
(1 ) n?$jın i isņ D '
đtý ņ (n ) th e s e go o en

r ig h te o u s (J e r 12 1 )
(2 ) ĦŅN P ī "
yo u a re

(a m ) a g r e a t K in g (M l 1 14 )
(3 " J ￥"bit 7 ? 9
) 1 Fo r I a

2 2 :8 )
(4 ) n N iņ n?iàņ 7 Ņ? to 卫生 gre a t c ity U e r

(5 ) n ı a (a r e ) s tr o n g (J u d g 18 2 6 )
pņ " Ptņ '
Fo th e
'
r .-

(a r e ) ü 8 :8 )
(6 ) tt?ļ s D 1
iaņ W w is e e r

(is ) s tr o n g (N 13 3 1)
) N 1n pn '
a Fo hL
-
r u m

(8 ) e n " ?e q
a Fo r Th e y (w e re ) b itte r (E x o d 15 2 3 )

(G 1 9 :2 0 )
(9 ) rıđi n R \rı 1 Ľ ?ı q
c ity (is ) n ear e n

(1 0 ) īip ı￥ ș 3 )Ę$) A d '

n ļ (a m ) a little c h ild h K g s 3 :7 )

IX 2 U n de rsco re t h e c o r r e c t p r o n o m in a l fo rm in t h e fo llo w in g e n tr ie s

īÙI? r
3 F o r h e (is ) sm a ll (A m o s 7 2)

nt ￠
i? q
a th a t yo u (a r e ) s tu b b o rn (Is a 4 8 :4 )

R 1r ı ) n ş
-
q
a Fo r sh e (w as ) v e r y be a u tifu l IG en 1 2 :1 4 )

nş Y o u (a r e ) lo v e ly (S o n g o f So ı 6 4)

D q JÐŅ Y o u (w e re ) p e r fe c t (b la m e le s s ) (E ze k 2 8 15 )

»iji ıđirņ th is e v il w o r d (E x o d 3 3 4 )

(8 ) ıđ ? Cı ( n H i / T ) T h is (is ) th e w o rd (N u m 30 2 )

(9 ) ( N 1r ı 0 ) e i'
ņ / 8 17 ı o n th a t day (G en 15 18 )

(1 0 ) ( n !ņ / n H +ņ ) e i' o n t h is day (G en 7 1 1)

(1 1 ) N in ( n N ï / n! ) \
3 Fo r th is (is ) h e (1 S a m 16 1 2 )

2 ) T l?i ąo 1 q ņı ( N in / 8 10 ) T h a t (is ) t h e g r e iıt (c h ie f) c ity (G en 10 12 )

40
 L E SSO N IX

IX 3 E h f t h e fo lı
o w in g e n tr ie s c o n ta in s e it h e r
a c o a p e r s o n a l o r a d e m o n s tr a ti v e
p ro n o u n In th e s p a c e m a r k e d (a ) in d ic a t e w h e t h e r t h e p r o n o u n is t o b e
c la s s ifie d a s p e r s o n a l (P ) o r as dem o n s tr a tiv e (D ) In th e s p a c e m a r k e d (b ), g iv e
th e g e n der o f th e p r o n o u n ,
a n d in (c ) its n u m be r

E x a m p le
D \
ri?ıR \rı n y ı" )
T he L O R D ,
h e (is ) G o d (1 K g s 1 8 3 9 )

田 X 111 D '
Pđ ￠
ıb
It (s h e ) (is ) n o t in th e h e a v ens (D e u t 3 0 : 12 )

(2 ) n !iı biàcı iacı

(n q

th is g r e a t n a tio n (D e u t 4 6)

(3 ) D ia rı r ı
!
T h is (is ) t h e d a y (J u d g 4 14 )

(4 ) n m '
đĘ q
à
Fo r I (a m ) th e L O R D (E x o d 7 5 )

(5 ) »ijı n !0 e Ţ ?ı
th is e v il p e o p le (J e r 1 3 :1 0 )

(6 ) n !r ı » ņ ıđrr
il w o rd (D 1 3 :1 2 )
a c c o r d in g to th is e v eu t

F o o tn o te s

(a ) p o r l d in g s c e r ta in no u ns c f G ı9 2 (I X b ) an d (2 )(b ) p p 38f
a r p lu
ir r e g u ı ra e n o n , ,

(b ) q đ!t is th e u sa l fò r m fo r
q
ļ (c f G 8 3 P 17 ; a ls o G 68 PP 240f
pa , ,

ĝ§ ņ F [c f M T in B ib lia H e b r a ic a S ru ttg a r re n s ia D
q !t is p a u s a l (w it h a m a þ rı
(c ) rı '
,
fo r

q ıt (c f G 8 3 p 1 7 ; G 6 8 p p 2 4 0 f
rı , ,
 (d ) T h e l fo fo r th e th ir u o n fe m in in e s in g u la r p e r s o na l p ro no un ls N \
n a
n o rı rm pe H

s t ilıp ro n o u n c e d a s if th e vo w e l w cm ı
l blrp q yo d

(t \ F o l c u p im l ¡
L O R D (u ı ! f G lń 6
r th e tr a n s la tio n u t n ln as en e rs ,
c , p 32

(f) ・ìâcl c o n s is ts o f th e m a sc u lin e n ou n

\ ià ,
"
n a tio n ,
"
p e o p le , p r e fix e d b y th c d c fin ilc
irticle T he n o u n a lo n e w o u lđ b e tmnslltet a tc d 118 g ł }y In m o d e r n Ilc b r
ew
u sa g e it is a p p lie d to a ll no n J e w is h p e rs o ns

S u g g e s tio n s fo r F u r th e r T e s tin g

R in a o i' ņ b ì7 t q
n !0 b ì7 tņ ' ià ņ
r » t+đ r r ?ì7 ştı tţ $ı
nźjıD '
atr
2 ħt a t c h e a c h w o rd in th e firs t t w o co lu m n s ith its
w o p p o s ite o r c o u n te r p a r t fr o m
th e w o rds in th e la s t t w o co lu m ns

(12 ) ( " 1Ș

3 F ro m yo u r s tu dy o f th e G lo s s a r (c f G
y , pp 4 2 4 ff )
,
d e fin e th e fo llo w in g te rm s
(1 ) D e m o n s tr a tiv e p r o n o u n s
(2 ) In d e p e n d e n t p r o n o u n s
 L E SSO N X

A n sw er K ey
(C f G p p 6 5 ff )
,

X 1 F ill in th e b la n k s in o r d e r to co m p le te th e fo llo w in g c o n s tr u c t r e la t io n s h ip s

th e p e o p le o f th e e a r th (J e r 3 7 2 )

th e s o n s o f Is r a e l (G e n 42 5)

th e c itie s o f J u d a h (2 S a m 2 1)

th e k in g o f J e r u s a le m (J o s h 10 1 )

th e la n d o f Is r a e l (1 S a m 13 19 )

th e w a y o f th e w ild e r n e ss (E x o d 1 3 18 )

th e s o u l o f th e p e o p le (1 S a m 30 6 )

th e s e r v a n ts o f th e k in g (2 S a m 16 6 )

th e s e r v a n t o f G o d (1 C h r 6 3 4 )

in th e bo o k o f t h e la w o f M o se s

(J o s h 8 3 1 )
th e ho u se o f Is r a e l (E x o d 16 3 1 )

(1 2 ) n r in lJ ış q '
1a Tt (c ) th e w o r ds o f th e b o o k o f t h e la w
T

(2 K g s 2 2 : 1 1 )

X 2 T r a n s la t e th e fo lı
o w in g

rı
t￠
xjıs » fr o m th e h a n d o f th e w o m a n (G e n 3 8 :2 0 )

n 零时ņ e i。 th e da y o f t h e S a b b a t h (E x o d 20 11)

so n o f m a n (E z e k 2 1 )
(4 ) p
" ı đ șRı ' đa n
'
fr o m th e s o n s o f t h e p r o p h e ts (2 K g s 2 7 )
台) a n d fr o m t h e s o n s o f Is r a e ı(1 K g s 9 22)
(6 ) " ņņ '
đ 8 rı
iJ' "
th e d a u g h te r s o f th e m e n o f th e c it
y
(G en 24 13)

7 ?e ņ e a in t h e n am e o f t h e k in g (E s t 3 : 1 2 )
(8 ) " ıņņ ' tļ × th e to p s o f th e m o u n ta in s (G e n 8 5)
) r￥ņ ・
đ ?e 211
Tı 1(d ) a n d t h e s e (a re ) th e k in g s o f th e la n d
(J o s h 12 1 )

43
L E SS O N 25

(ıo ) bļ $i? "

ļ Ţ r?# ș" ) in th e la n d o f th e so n s o f Is r a e l
Ü o s h 1 1 :2 2 )
(1
(1 1 ) r ?@ ņ ? ņ￥ th e s e r v a n ts o f th e k in g Sa m 2 2 17 )

(12 ) ￠
n t ia (e ) M f t h e L O R D (J o s h 1 15 )
trı\
rı '
se r v a n t o
Ș￥ o se s ,

IW a tc h fo r th e pro pe r n a m es in # 5 , 1 0 , a n d 12 ]

X 4 T r a n s la te th e fo llo w in g

; a ll th e d a y s o f th e e a r th (G en 8 22)

m er ıi?ş -

b -
bı
o o d o f a ll fle s h (L e v 1 7 14 )

m '
đ h t H q đ đ ĪȘ * b ! -
A n d I (a m ) n o t a so n o f a pro phet
(A m o s 7 :1 4 )

(本) a m an fr o m th e c h ild r e n o f Is r a e l
(L e v 17 13)
(5 ) e ?q r7 ai īi lņ
ıa ș o n th e m o u n ta in o f Z io n a n d in J e r u s a le m
(Is a 10 12 )
(6 " e 8
-

ntt e aŕ T he n am e o f A bra ha m '

s w ife (w as ) S a ra i
(G en 1 1 :2 9 )
(7 ) bķi "
đ rı
ijt￠n?3 A n d th e s e (a r e ) th e n a m e s o f th e c h ild r e n o f
Is r a e l (E x o d 1 :1 )
(8 ) e ņ ņ r￥ n T
"
ĘS
rı th e w a y o f t h e tr e e o f life (G e n 3 24)
) ebgtı￥ -
n q » rı
Jin in th e la w o f M o s e s th e se r v a n t o f G o d
(D a n 9 :1 1 )
(10 ) X T ılt te -
n đ (n q
fo r sh e (is ) a d a u g h te r o f a k in g
(2 K gs 9 34 )

X 5 M a tc h t h e fo llo w in g

(U ( F ) D '
p t￠
rı đŢ ia ・

T 軍り ・労 苎 h爭
'
n (B ) th e bo k f t h e la
o o w o f
th e (2 C h r
LO R D 17 9 )
" ?t 7?tın l q
(C ) T h e v o ic e (is ) th e v o ic e o f Ja c o b
(G e n 2 7 :2 2 )
(D ) a n d th e h o u s e s o f th e k in s o f
g
J u d a h (J e r 1 9 1 3 )
D￥ņ J in
rı n H i! (E ) th e d a u g h te r s o f th e m e n o f
th e c ity (G en 2 4 13)
rı
'
ņ nin n » i (F ) a s th e s ta r s o f th e h e a v e n s
(G en 26 4)
 (m ı
n ıhc w ir y ( łl iIıť k ln l ı o ł
lb ıłır l 1 1 K * * H : ıH )
(ıı) ır n n ı ıh r w i v c h o l th t M m ı o f
th e p r ııp ı
ıc ı* (2 K ￠* 4 :1)
( 1) l ııc ı
ı l r ￠J n ı ıh c c ld c r « u f ïi r a e l
(ı
<łe k 14 ıJ
(J ) ıh c w u r d » t Jl th ł
ıl p ro ph e t
(ı
)c u l ı\ :4 )
(K ) w o rd ı
ı o ï pe a c e a n d ır u t h
(ı% ı ıl : N ))
(ı) = (ı
rh ı » ) th e llłw o f ıh c h o ı
ļ ıe

(ı
!n k 4 1 : ı2 )
(M ) c łm c e r n ln ￥ ıh c h o u«e* o f ıh iı
cı
ty (J c r \ 3 :4 )
(N ) ı
o u ııh c
ı c ld c r » o a nd
f th e ı
(ıK g « 2 o :7 )
(0 ) ı
ın d th e w u rd o f th e L O R D fr o m

Je ru au ı
c m ( [* u 2 :3 )
(P ) A n d ıh c » e (a rc ) th e w o rdı o f
th c bo k (J e r
o 2 9 ı)
(Q ) Fo r ı i= ) t h e
ı « co m m a n d m em o f
ıh c k i n (I» n 36 2 1 )
(R ) A n d t h l» (ı
a ) th e ı
a w o f th e m a n

(2 S a m 7 : 19 )

o ie s

(a ) A in th e c o n s tt u c t s la t e n e v er ta k e s th e d e fln lte a r t ic ı
e bu ı ls c o n s id e r e d
n o u n

ıe If th e
d e fln ł a b s o lu ıe n o u n o w s It h a s th e d e fin ite a r t lc ı
th a t fo lı e o r b a pro pe r
A ıl th e e Ra n t h is
m p le s ı e x e rc ı
se n re d e lln l[e
na m e

f h G o d o f Is r ıe l
ts t r e a te d a s a p r o p e r n a m e w h e n It r e e r s to t c
(b ) " It ls
ņ
c ln s s tfie d n s d e f\n lte w
h e th e r It s ta n d s w ith o r w ith o u t th e d e fin ite a r tic le N o uns

o n s h lp w ith Il a r e tr ı
ı
ın s a ıe d w it h t h c d e fin iıe a n ı ı
c c T he
\n n c o n s t r u c t r e ı tıt ı

s a m e r u le a p p lı e s to a ı l th e p r o p e r n a m e s

occu r in th e s a m e c o n s lT u c t r e la lio m h lp T he
(c ) T w o o r m o re c o n s ır u c ı n o u n s m a y
e s s a p p lie s to b o th o t th e m if th e no u n In th e s b « o lu te
ru le reg a r d in g d e fin \te n
th e y a r e ł n d e fin \te : ií It is d e fł
n ı
te ıh e y a re d e fin it e
ı
s ł n d e fł n ite ,
s tı
ıte ,

fe m in in e u ra l de
pı m o n s t r a t iv e pro n o u n , t r a n s la te d

45
L E SSO N 21

f fo in g c o n s tr u c t r e ı
a t io n s h ip
(心) A n a p p o s it io n a l p h ra s e c o n s is t in g o n o u n s rm a o fte rı
d e fin th e
p r o p e r n o u n a n d s e r v e s to pro pe r
e n o u n m o re
o ccu r s a f te r a e x a c tl
y
"
t e lls u s w h o M o s e s is (C f 2 C h r
M s e r v a n t o f th e L O R D 2 9 27
"
o se s ,

"
D a v id k in g o f Is r a e l ; 2 S a m 6 : 16 :
"
M ic h a l d a u g te r o
h f S a u l )
'
,
"

(D A c o n s tr u c t n o u n ls in d e fin ite w h e n th e a b s o lu te n o u n fo llo w in g it is in d e fin ite

(g ) T h e he d th e b s o lu
n o u rı ı 9 ņ ta k e s o n t h e fo r c e o f a n a d je c tiv e w n u se as a te n o u n

3 1 26 )
9ņ k in d ly te a c h in g
"

,
"
la w o f ,
"
h a s b e e n tr a n s la te d
"
E x a m p le s o f o th e r
n o u ns u se siīı
d in ar a w a y in c lu d e th e fo lı
o w in g

(1 ) " đ ? ttf・ı $ "

a m a n o f w o rds ,
"
ie ,
"
an e lo qu e n t m a n
"
EXOd 4 10 )
(2 ) r v pņ q đņ
' "
m e n o f tr u th ,
"
ie ,
"
t r u s tw o r th y m e n
"
(E x o d 1 8 :2 1 )
(3 ) e 1 ıt￠ "
ap r in c e o f pe a c e ,
"
ie ,
"
a p e a c e a b le r u le r
"
(Is a 9 :5
E n g 9 :6 )
(4 ) n » '
￠đı$ "
m en o f w a r ,
"
ie ,
"
tr a in e d w a r r io r s
"
(2 C h r 8 9 )
"
m e n o f th e n am e ,
"
ie ,
-
re n o w n ed m e n
"
(G e n 6 4)
柘) 団胃 口哆 "
a la n d o f pe a c e ,
"
ie ,
"
a tr a n q u il ,
sa fe la n d "
(J e r 12 5 )
) D » ? đ q ı$ "
a m a n o f b lo o ds "
ie "
a b lo o d g u ilt y m a n a m u r d e re r "
, , ,

(2 S a m 16 7 )

S u g g e s t io n s fo r F u r t h e r T e s tin g

1 C ir c le th e w o rd th a t do es n o t b e lo th e
n g to c a te g o r y in d ic a t e d

(1) p a r ts o f th e b o d y

(2 ) fo o d a n d d r in k
呷 開
(3 ) h e r e p e o p le g a th e r ¡ D'q11
'
w '

(4 ) r e la te d to t im e nt eiruı
(5 ) h e r e th in g s g r o 가万
w w
囀
(6 ) d e s ir a b le q u a litie s 阙 口和
(7 ) liv in g c r e a tu r e s 叫爭 ・
唧ņ쿠
(8 ) r e la te d to o b e d ie n c e n t in
(9 ) p e r s o ns w it h a v o c a tio n aT
T 7
(1 0 ) in liqnid fo Ħ
rm
r .

46
 L E SSO N

(A ) a c c o r d in g [o th e co m m an dm e n t o f
M o se s (2 C h r 8 : 1 3 )
(B ) s ta r s o f lig h t (P s 14 8 3 )
(C ) P o r It (is ) fr o m th e ha n d o f G o d
(E c c l 2 :2 4 )
(D ) a c c o r d in g to th e w o rd o f th e L O R D
Üo sh 8 :2 7 )
(E ) o n th e m o u n ta in s o f Is r a e l
(E z e k 3 7 2 2 )
(F ) ju d g m e n t o f tr u th (Z e c h 7 9 )
(G ) la w o f tr u th (M a l 2 :6 )
(H ) th e to p (h e a d ) o f th e m o u n ta in
(E x o d 19 2 0 )
(I) F o r h e (w a s ) t h e s o n o f R e b e c c a
(G e n 2 9 12 )
(J ) fr o m th e d a u g h te r s o f Is r a e l
(D e u t 2 3 1 8 )
(K ) th e m a n s w ife (G e n 2 0 :7 )
'

(U o ld m e n a n d o ld w o m e n (Z ec h 8 :4 )

(E x o d 19 6 )

(N u m 13 2 8 )

(H o s 4 1)

(G e n 2 4 :2 3 )

(E x o d 4 1 0 )

(N u m 1 :5 )

(J o s h 1 1 : 1 2 )
(G e n 2 1 2 1)

(E x o d 2 4 7 )

(P s 4 7 : 10 ; E n g 4 7 :9 )

4 Fro m s tu dy o f t h e G lo ss a r y (G pp 4 2 4 ff ) d e fin e th e fo llo w in g te rm

yo u r , , s

(1 ) A b s o lu te s ta te (4 ) H a p a x L e g o m e n o n
(2 ) C o n s tr u c t R e la tio n s h ip (5 ) R e la tiv e P r o n o u n
a (3 ) c o n s tr u c t s ta te

47
 L E SSO N X I

A n sw er K ey
(C f G , pp 7 6 ff )

I am yo u r so n (G e n 2 7 32 )

O u r fa th e r is o ld (G e n 1 9 :3 1 )

Y o u are m y G o d (P s 3 1 : 1 5
E n g 31 14 )
Y o u a rem y fa th e r (P s 8 9 :2 7
E g n 89 26 )
H is n a m e is g r e a t (P s 7 6 :2
E n g 7 6 :1 )
F o r th e w a y s o f th e L O R D are
r ig ht IH o s 14 10 ; E n g 14 9 )
H e is m y b r o th e r (G en 2 0 :5 )

fr o m h is e v il w a y (J e r 2 6 3 )
Fo r G o d is w ith u s (Is a 8 10 )

A n d th e la w o f th e L O R D is w ith
u s (J e r 8 :8 )
Fo r o u r G o d is g r e a t (2 C h r 2 4 )
Fo r I w ill b e w ith y o u (G en 26 24 )

H is w a y is p e r fe c t (P s 18 3 1
E g n 18 30 )
P e r fe c t a re yo u in y o u r w a ys
(E z e k 2 8 I 5 )
W e ha v e a n o ld fa t h e r
(G en 44 20)
by m y grea t n a m e (J e r 4 4 2 6 )
Fo r th e w o rd o f th e L O R D is

(D )
u pr ig h t (P s 3 3 4 )
nn R (b ) \ 3R (d )
T T T H er hu sba n d w a s o ld (2 K g s 4 1 4 )
*
N o te T he v e rb
"
to be "
is th a t
so co n s n t ly a ss u m e d in v e r b le s s c la u s e s
a r io u s
r
ı fo rm s w ill n o lo n ge r be se t o ff p a r e n th e s e s

48
 L E SSO N X I

X I2 T r a n s la te th e fo llo w in g

Y o u a re o u r fa t h e r (Is a 6 3 16 )

fr o m th e h a n d o f th e w o m a n (N u m 5 25)

th e s o n s o f Is r a e l Ü o s h 9 :2 6 )
by th e ha n d o f m y p e o p le Is r a e l (E z e k 2 5 14 )

by th e ha n d o f yo u r p ro p he ts (N e h 9 30 )

b y th e h a n d o f yo u r s e r v a n ts (E z r a 9 1 1)

Fo r to m e is a ll t h e e a r th (E x o d 1 9 :5 )

a n d a ll o f th e m en o f h is h o u se (G e n 17 2 7 )

a n d th e w o rd o f o u r G o d (Is a 40 8)

th e G o d o f m y fa t h e r A bra ha m (G e n 3 2 :1 0
E n g 3 2 :9 )

X I3 S u p p ly th e c o rre c t pr o n o u n s in o rder to tr a n s la t e th e fo llo w in g e n tr ie s

(1 ) 1)ņ niHđ n tn T hle L O R D o f ho s ts is w it h u s

(P s 4 6 12 ; E n g 4 6 1 1)

(2 ) " '
a 1q đ " ) q
by th e ha d f h is th e
şņ ļ n o s e r v a n ts

p r o p h e ts (2 K g s 2 4 :2 )
(E z r a 9 7 )
(3 ) 1ľ q j is ' '
i fr o m th e d a ys o f Gu r a n c e s to r s

(4 ) D ņi p ? "
' )
D ? t. Yo u a n d to yo y A n c e s to r s

Ü e r 7 : 14 )
(J e r 9 1 5
(5 ) eņial æp
rı Th e y a n d th e ir A n c e s to r s

E n g 9 16 )
" )
rib e d f th e ir (1 C h r 5 2 5 )
(6 ) = ņipļ th e G
' ' o o a n c e s to r s

) T q) ) -
1' 23
-
? " ) a ll H is so n s a n d a ll h is

d a u g h te r s (G e n 37 35)

(8 ) th e fr u it o f J ha n ds (P r o v 31 3 0
ijı 7 fr o
'
'
Ș m g
H a n d is it h
) 1 rşņ '
? 3 B e h o ld
n à?ı , T y w Yo u

(2 S a m 3 12 )

?r7"D ib-ı
tł-b«n n àņ B e h o ld ll th a t he h a s is in
(1 o ) ,
a

Ha n d (J o 6 l : 12 )
ズ면
Fe e t (P s 2 2 17
(1 1 ) '
?yk) q
3 M y ha n ds an d M y

E n g 2 2 16 )
d (D e ut 1 2 12 )
(1 2 ) la đ1 ' e qķ » °u an yo u r so n s

49
 L

Fo o ln u tc »

h e n It h tls tlıc d e fln {te ł\r tı e le , l» ı

\ p r ıìp e r n n ı
(a ) A n o u n is d e fin ite w \w , l\ I
II lh
p
l i ı i it ı d e fin it e n o u n u l ı\n » n p ıu n u ı \\ ln \ l
c o n s tr u c t r c a t o n s t p w \ t\ ,

n lte N o \ıı ı10 )

l Iıır
! cl
lt ( "
D e fln ıte /In tle fı r l\t o x tırıt l ,
G 2 6 5 p 6 3 ; G lo s s li r y
,
\ ı\
,
"

p ņ he h ,
・ ・

is o f a n o u n m a d e d c \tn lto b y lts p ı n a l o n tlł

ıtn o tn ı na ,

StrarrensiaD fo r W 8 (c f G 6 8 P P 2 4 0 6
. , . .

(c " đ] ls th e p a u s ttl ı
o rm (w ith s e m n d a ıy t\c w n t, '
jņ ıl ť M T In Ill/łll￠ł llť /łm lt
u
Sn h g tłr tu łs itłD ro r ' )
đ Ņ (c l G 6 8 p p 2 4 0 6 ) , , .

(d ) T h e w o rd a ta t h e r
"
h lb lts ıo ım s tı
ex \a t « r e c tı s ily t o n l \ıx d ıl ıı ıc »ı n gu ı
, , r\r
c o n s tr u c t is \
3 ,
fa tı
tc r o f
"
W h e n th e firs t peıtìn s ı n gu ı n r pm n u ı n lm ı l # ııllı x
is a dded ,
th e re su ı
t is
'
aķ \\ y In tlı
ı e ı
,
"
Ic f G 2 8 \(2 ) ı
"
\ lr 7 3 i I A t c m \lı , n * lı \ , ,

th e w a y
q
a ￥ is n o rm a lly w r itte n , l h c ť ln n l s y ı ıu l\ ı
t ıs ı ı
\ 【 n \T c n tc \ l N y lln l\lc ・ ・
,

B e fo re th e pa u sa l fo rm
nq ı\o w o v c r tı\e a c c e n t ı
, x inı xl\ ııI\n c k tu lh o ı
, n lıınl
s y lla b le " a Ę ) T h is w as do ne to łw ol d Ju x tt\ p o s \n ł
ı ıw u ı
\c n v lı
y Iıc L c n re d
s y lla b le s w i Ĥ
t n a s e n te n ce Su c h c h a n g e s in nm c n t u n tı
o n tır e n {t t u l\ o 11\n ı
oı\ ïn
t h e H e b r e w B ib le

(e ) 1
is id io a tic fo "
in "
t k ln
m r m e m ł g tt p o s s ib le to t r a n s ln tc lim n \ ln o is ııthe
"
, : tı
e a r th
"

tft T h e tr a n s lite r a tio n (p r o )of "

ľ t}t lo v n u n c ia tto n
T ı \c H n a ıv ĺ w fu n c ıı
o ns ￥ ls , «
a s a g u la r
re
g c o n s o n a n t c lo s in
f in a l s y llitb ı
, c (" T h t v o w c ıı x \ l:\n \c ş y o \t
th c ・ ,

a d ip h t h o n gA ll t h ir d m o s c u lin e s ln u ı\ r
g ł p r o n o n t tn ııl s u tT ix c s w h c n tıd d c d lu
p lu r a l c o n s t r u c t n o u n s , p r o d u c e fln n l c lo s e d s ll b l cf
y n e s in :\ s iın lla r n \n ı\n c r ı
H X I 3 (7 ) p 4 9 1 ,

(g ) T h e se co n da ry a c c e n t m e te
g 111 o ccu r o nio n s v o w e ls in s y lı
a b le s w he n
th e lo
o pe n
g vow n e ı
s s ta n d tw o o r m o re s y llu b ı
e s b e fo r e th c to n e sy ı
ın b lc u l ıw
ł onl
(c f G 9 2 , p p 17 f )

(h ) A B e G B D K e FuT ı
e t t e r lo
its d łıg e s h le n e se s
m n ıe d tn t c ly a fte
w ı \e n p ın ccd ł r a
l (C f
v o w e G 6 P P 12 f )
T h e d n g e s h le n e
,
m a y b c c a u s e d l ı u m p u \ıl w h e n n
B e G a D K e F a T le tt e r s
t a n d s fir s t in a in n
w o r d ir th e
v o w e l In th e e x a m le ta k e n f p ıc c e d in g w o T \ì o n u s
p
le n e s in c e in t h e la r e r
g
ro m G e n e s is 3 7 3 5
c o n te x t o f t h e s
s ta n d s w it h o u t łt u a Į
csh

ı i
, b
it is p r e c e d e d b y n w o r \t w il \ ł
,
e n te n c e
fin a l v o w e l (
da ge sh ı
,

T -
T h c p r e c e d in §u r e
g q c a u s e s k a f to u n p
i 1»i2
il
e n e T h e e x e r c is e s t h r o u h
g o u t th e G r a m irıtï r c o n t a in m it n y s ı n r lla f
e x a m pı e s , b e c a u s e th e
y fa it h fu lly r e p r o d u c e t h c ıc x ts fr w h ic h th e y w
e re
d ra w n o m

50
I r
e
s f
a T a n
X f k M
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b
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c 6
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p h u
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m a
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c
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s e c d s u ī
o r D e
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G y n r
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m s
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3 S u p p ly th e c o r re c t ı o r d e r to
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ıılıons

*w ld ı( Rro o l 4 5 l!n *g 1 5)
'
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"时
时n # -

― ― w Iv e s a n d c h ild r e n
(G e n 30 2 6 )
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tļ e s n n d ı
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(D eu t 1 9 : ı)
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\$ n ņ
-

ls t h e d a u g h te r o f
fa th e r b u t n o t th e d a u g h te r o f m o th e r (G c n 2 0 : 12 )
e ņ
- '
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J￥
- q
ņ Fo r a re
s e r v a n ts (L e v 2 5 :4 2 )
) r Ș0 n ņ ņ ¡q !§w h o w e r e w ith
v

in t h e h o u se (G c n 2 7 : 15 )
(8 ) Q?1ı' 0 in ņ ıt￠ņ " 0 ł? b ș ?
-
-
t. A ll s e r v a n ts w ho w e re
w it h in J e r u s a le m (2 S a m 15 14 )
) W ș ìe
rı " ņ ı
s go d to (fo )
o r (R u th 4 15 )
o ) ? @ t p r ı中i-i jplņ
0

p or w
e re ol de r t ha n
(J o b 3 2 4 )
(1 1 ) Ş@ e rı
ņb p r ￥ a re m o re r ig h te o us th a n
(1 s a m 24 :17 )
(1 2 ) 1 T Ņ P " rg x in '
ņ Fo r
w a s r ig h te o In (o w n )
us
e ye s U o b 3 2 : 1)

52
 L E S S O N X II

A n sw er K ey
(C I G , p p H ŲLL )

X II 1 W r ite th e Q a l p e r fe c t In lı
e c tio n o f qip ,
"
he r u le d
"

(6 ) 3 CP 1 " " le d
(2 ) 3 fs n q p s he ru ı
ed

(3 ) 2 m s ņ Ý￥ r? yo u ed
ru ı ) 2 m p eq ?t￠
p yo u r u le d
(4 ) 2 fs ņ?r ? yo u r u le d (8 ) 2 fp īĮp?￠P yo u ru ı
e d

(5 ) l cs
'
nyp I r u le d ) l cp u?P " " le d

X ll 2 I n d ic a t e b e s id e e a c h o f t h e fo llo w in g v e r bs w h e t h e r it is w e a k (W ) o r s tr o n g
(s )

he a te he re ig n e d
to go ,
e n te r he ru le d
he c r e a te d he ga v e

he w as gre a t h e d id ,
m a de

he k n e w h e k ille d

he s a t, dw e lle d to p u t p la c e
,

he w r o te h e la y d o w n

he pu t o n ,
w o re he se n t

h e to o k he he ard ,
o be yed

X II 3 E a c h o f t h e f o llo w in g e n tr ie s c o n ta in s a Q a ıp e r fe c t fo r m o f a v e r b G iv e th e
c o r r e c t tr a n s la tio n o f th e v er b fo rm by filli n g in t h e b la n k I n th e s pa ce n ıa r ked
(a ) g iv e t h e p e r s o n , ge n de r ,
a n d n u m b e r o f t h e v e r b fo m ı; in t h e spa ce m a rk e d
(b ) g iv e its r o o t
E x a m p le
m p ? nTiy ı qĘ m ! -
(a ) 3 c p
团
团 A n d th a t w h ic h w as in th e fie ld th e y 匹夕 (b ) n p?
园 (G en 34 2 8)
3 c p
in y la Ü e r 44 10 ) (b )
A n d th e y d id n o t W a m w

53
L B J I Ņ )U ļ

e ?p Ņ e' ĦĦ M ņltđt￠ ņ '

ha v e H çlııd h u t «Jo
ı d ı w ith y o u (Z ec h 8 23)
rin r w c #

n ? ? Rl? ¡t￠
h ?! '"

A n ti ı
u th e «ln r k n c H » hc l { n ig h t ((}e n 1 :5 )

(a )
pĦ e ￥ ! + ł )
"
10 4 m -
3 c p
A lılh e p e o p le EĻL '
"
A m en ! (D
"
eut 2 7 15 ) (b ) 1 ĐH

e ' p t￠
ņ īrp n
-
y￠ì e ' r1+ Ħ t￠(" (a ) m
T h e llr e o f ( ]u d !ç l! Fr n m th e he a v ens Ü o b 1 : 16 ) (b )

W ith n lım y M re n g th I Ęe ! y ç d Yo ur fa th e r IG en 3 1 6 ) (b ) 7 đ￥
X
ıņtpđ b*t￠ ) '
tr yņ (a ) 3 c p
T he pe o pı e o f ı
srul i n th e w ild e r n e s s (b )
(J o s h 5 :6 )

(8 ) e ・
? 1 3R
￥Z?
W c htwe lo u n d w a te r (G en 2 6 :3 2 )

a
y zp » ņlpņ
Y o u lo v e d e v ı
l m o re th a n go o d (P s 5 2 :5 ; E n g 5 2 3 )
13 9 tb t ￠
P D \
1 ȘŅ
Se r v a n ts r u le d o v e r u s (L a m 5 :8 )
n ņq iJ n ņ ņ v ) ızp
¡ q !' '
= _ q '

o f Is r a e l Ŗ h a ll keep th e s a b b a th
(E x o d 3 1 :16 )

e q r?p ? ņ ņTt ņ ' ' " )

Y o u ha v e tļ ık e n m y trllv e r a n d m y g o ld
(J o e l 4 :5 ; E n g 3 :5 )

X II 4 C o m p le te th e t r a n sı
a Į lo n o f eu c h e n tr y by su p p ly in g th e m is s in g p r o no u ns

U ņ ipq tb p t!"
nı )
5 24 ) X
-
A n d w e h e a rd h !ș v o ic e (D e u t

q ?P n "
-

! He a rd v o ic e in th e g a rd e n
(G en 3 : 1o )

1 » *b ¡
raı
! 1 đ Ņ!" ) q
But l ls fa th e r a n d h is m o th e f

d ld n o t kn o w (J u d g 14 4 )
+#
T đ :n
nyı l￥ rp n
-

ņ lp t￠H b Yo u ha v e n o t k e p t th e
co m m i\ n dm em o f th c L O R D yo u r G o d (1 S a m 13 13 )
)
PV }ib 1 19 13 6
qņlrıD ( m -
T he y d ld n o t kee p Yo u r la w (p s
 L E SS O N X U

q ņ Ý* ri r Ptt I
- W
h av e h ea r d y ou r p r ay e r .
(1 K g s 9 3 )

T ņb nlĦ blip ņ ￥ ip￠ j Y o u ha v e n o t lis te n e d to

t h e v o ic e o f th e L O R D yo u r G o d (D e u t 2 8 :4 5 )
'
ipș tÐp t t b ! A n d th e y ha v e no t lis te n e d to (o b e y e d )
m y v o ic e (N u m 14 :2 2 )
'
đ tN w tp ?!' )
rı '
A n d yo u sha ll ta k e a w ife fo r m y so n

(G en 24 4 )

e ņ' đ a w in i< ' '

y k)
Fo r th e ir fa th e r lo v e d h im (G e n 37 4 )

X II 5 T r a n s la te th e fo ı
lo w in g

(ı) ş ņ b ip -

b$ D \
ņb g »ię q
9 A n d G o d he a r d th e v o ic e o f th e
bo y (G en 2 1 17 )
T hu s sa y s th e L O R D , t h e G o d
o f Is r a e l (E x o d 5 :1)
A n d in J e r u s a le m he re ig n e d
o v er a ll Is r a e ı (2 S a m 5 5)
ıiN n ijl bi' ・
đ-bđ?1(m» B u t to a ll th e p e o p le o f is r a e l
th e r e w a s lig h t (E x o d 10 2 3 )
e \
ribjı$ -

? ttrij t(n
r ı ņ rı ) A n d M o ses w e n t u p u n to G o d
(E x o d 19 3 )
" ņą e p !J a đ tŞ '
th a t id h a d la in d o
- '
D a v w n w it h
h is a n c e s to r s (1 K g s 1 1 2 1)
e íņ n Tir ņp ￠ T T r " ) A n d y o u h e a r d h is w o rds fr o m

th e m id s t o f t h e fir e (D e u t 4 36 )

(8 ) T h e y d id n o t k ee p G o ď s c o v e n a i ıt

(P s 7 8 : 1 0 )
O u r a n c e s to r s d id n o t kp th e
e e

w o rd o f th e L O R D (2 C h r 3 4 2 1 )
(1 0 ) ip? ' iÐg »e
-
Ńb 3 B u t m y p e o p le d id n o t lis te n t o
m y v o ic e (P s 8 1 1 2 ; E n g 8 1 1 1 )

XU 6 M a tc h th e fo llo w in g

(1 ) ( J ) n tn nq ' iw
rı ) (A ) A n d i s h a ll lie d o w n w ith m y
a n c e s to r s (G e n 4 7 30 )

y p l" ) (B ) a s a s ig n u p o n y o u r h a n d
(2 ) ( F ) n i? pş rı
-

(E x o d 1 3 9 )
(3 ) ( L ) rı" ? ? k i ? rı
tt!?' " (c ) a n d th e w o r d o f th e L o R D fr o m

J e r u s a le m (Is a 2 3 )

55
 (D ) h« b o o k
ı fï l th ￠ l* w o f th e U ] *
b
(2 C h r ,
3 4 : 14 )
(ı
:) 吕 to ılıe w o r d o l ıh ￠
a «x x r r d ln m a li

o f O u d
(2 K g « 5 10
( ı) ? h e ıO R D v i* łle d M r * h
.

(O e n 2 ı l )
(a ) h a t th c L
ł O R D ha d v lılte d h lı

pe o h ı )
p le (R u ı
(tı ) th e w o r d ı o l ıh a ı p r u p h c ł
(D c u ı 1 3 4 ) ,

( I) th c O o d u r o u r a n e c a ło r ï (U l 26 71
o) ( H )
(ı ņ "
k lrı ņł
ņ '? t l
U ) T he L O R D w n ım c f ıS a m 15 ı
)
( ıl x D ) n)n-nln 1 89 -
nH (K ) a ll th e d a y ı o f A d a m (G en 5 5)

(12 ) ( ı) (I ) B u l th e d a r k n c ıs h c ca lle d n l￠h l

(O c n 1 5 ) .

Fo o tn o te s

(u ) ¡t￥h ? ! l5 m u d e p h ııtlc b y b c ı
e m n g w r it te n b e fo r e th e v e r b (c f G 3 2
p 8 71
Sdns m
.

ly ga ne win In s g h t in to th e m e a n in g o f a te x t M l h c
ı y a r e s c m i[lv e 1o
ı

th c u se o f In v e r te d w o r d o r d e r in B lb lıca l H b
e re w to a c h ie v e e m p h a s is

(b ) e ņcı b
-
ls m tıd e em p h a t ic b y th c in v c n e d w o rd o rd e r o f th e s e n te n c e

(c ) D \
b ał
ņ is a n o th e r e x a m p le o f in v e r te d w o rd o rde r fo r e m p h a s is

(d ) \ n b -

b3 a ls o u ses In v e r te d w o rd o rd e r fo r e m p h a s is

(e ) A p e r fe c t fo rn i o f a v e rb w h e n p r e fix e d w ith v a v
,
co n ju n c t io n ,
w ill o r d in a r ily be
tr a n s la te d in th e fu t u r e te n s e [c f G 3 1 1(4 ) p 8 6 ] ,

(f" a ijı
!1 q
w a a re m ade e m p h a tic b y b e in g p ı
a c e d b e fo r e th c v e r b

\ tb Þn -

ņ 1 is a n o th e r e x a m pı
c o f in v e r te d w o rd o rd e r , d fo
u se r em p h a s is
(h ) ?
i?Þm $ ł$
-
m a de em p h a tic b y l p o s it io n in th e s e n te n c e

(u ¡
lÐņ ! T t ! ıılu s tr a te s in v e r te d w o rd o rd e r fo r em p h a s is

56
 ( qņirıi s th e pa u sa l fo rm (w it h s illu q . Qņim fo r q ņi n (c f G 8 2 ,
8 3 , PP
16 f ) T h e d a g e s h le n e h a s d ro p pe d o u t o f t h e in itia l ta v in t h is w o rd be c a u se
th e p r e c e d in g w o r d e n d s in a v o w e l (1) (c f G 6 p p ,
12 f )

i<
(k ) ir ı
- q
9 is m a de e ıııp h a tic b y iı
s p o s itio n b e fo re th e v e rb

(U q 11 1 3 1 is e n ıp h a s iæ d b y th e in v e r te d w o rd o rde r

(m ) ı m 叼
ļ
-
b 1 is a v iv id e x a m p le o f ho w w o rds
d p hra se s an co u ld b e m a de
e n ıp h a tic b y th e ir ı s itio
x 】 n in a s e n te n c e T r y r e a d in g H e b r e w w ith th is in m in d

is M g h ı
ig h t e d b y b e in g p la ce d b e fo re th e v e r b

(o ) " đ7 1 s h if ts e n ıp h a s is [ o G o ď s spo k e n w o rds b y its in v e r te d p o s it io n in th e

s e n te n c e

\ it is
r ı th e s pe a k e r s
'

y o f s t r e s s in g h is c o m
w a m is s io n fr o m th e L O R D I t is
ıo th e r
aı in s ta n ce o f c u ıp h a s is th r o u g h d is lo c a tio n

(q ) n tn ' ! s tr e s s e s th a t th e a s to u n d i n g t h in g t o be co m m u n ic a te d is th a t t h e
L ORD v is it e d S a r a ı
ı

(r ) O n th e ıın ı
】s u a l e n d in g o n Q n ,
se e G 12 2 , p 19

A d d it io n a ıH e lp

T ho se w ho ha v e s tu d ie d t h e G ra m m a r u p t o t h is p o in t sho u ld b e p r e p a r e d t o
m a ke a n ly s is o f H e b r e w p h r a s e s c la u s e s
a n a A , ,
a n d s e n te n c e s t r a n s la t io n b a s e d

u p o n t h is l i
a n a ys s s o h u ld t h e n b e p o s s i b l e T h e t r a n s la t io n p r o c e s s i n v o lv e s
e x a m i n in g e a c h w o r d i
d i v id in g it in t o t s c o m p o n e t p a t s a n
n r d id e n t if y in g a n d ,
,

e x p la in in
g e a c h pa rt A lı v e r b fo r ın s s h o u ld b e fu lly lo c a t e d T h e e x a m p le s g iv e n
b e lo w s u g g e s t o n e w a y to a n a ly z e H e r e w s
b e n te n c e s

1 y r rb
Rı d '
ņ h (1 sa m 15 u

(1 ) q
ņk ,
f th e d ir e c t o b je c t n ı
t h e s ig n o $ (c f G 5 p 12 ) p lu s fIT s t p e r s o n , , ,

ĥ
r v e s a s t e d ir e c t o b je c t a n d is t r a n s la t e d
p r o n o m in a l s u ffix , w h ic h s e ,

g
m
e " cf . . 7 . , . 1 )
(
. h i s w o r d i s m a
p
d e e m p h a t i c b y i ts p o s i tion i n
th e s e n te n c e p r io r to th e s u b je c t a n d v e r
f
b c f G 32 p 87 ) ,

(2 ) n ,
a Q a l p e r fe c t ,
th ird m a sc u lin e s in g u la r ,
fr o m th e s a m e ro o t nq ,

"
a te d
tr a n s ı
"
he se n t

57
 I ￠)ı
4ı) ( łıll
"

XT lłiıh l l* lı
"
Łn
(3 ) n )n ' '" ı
ı.. H ı￠d e fu
u n u n L l\\ı
ı u n
' '"

T tıt lu n :
ť a n Nı "

\* T ho 1 o R D be n ł n ir
n lpt: n y#f ņ
"
'

2 1 :I U
2 Xņp V '
)ņ n \» q n yņ1 (( le n

l
p lu * ıh c t c m m t t ııv c rï la u u lttk
o i i
!(
"
"
and
c o n u n c \ıı
o n
u ) n *! th e
,
vuv (c f C 24 2
"

ıte d tın d l ł p 5u
"
,
c *c
tr a n » lı
ı
(o r fo m ln ln c ) p ı
u m ıp r o n o u n ,
,

n » lr u c ı n o u n
lr u m th e u h m lu ıc m Dp
(2 ) n \» n t\ w
II ı u lln e p lu ru ıc u ,

lc f (i 2 6 4 (D {C ) P 6 ıI
" 112 0
rı 禹 rA
" "
l r n n riı
n tc d
"
\ n \c H
n ı n f , ,
fl n c
m \m e s
in n l a n c n ıl l n
,

ıı n u u n » c n d ln ı g n ￠J f rrıiıli
th o se v e ra l m l\tlL u ıın e p lu r ı ,
l

d o n le m ln ln e p u r n l n u u n 》 lu l
ı
t) 2 ( I X b )
ı P 引陜 ,
u se

" )ł
"
i r a n \ la tt d
"

n c p lu r n ıc o m ı
fr o m ı￠m »
(3 " #ņ ,
tı
\e lı m \s c u
【 tm cl no u n , , ,

f [c f G 2 6 4 (2 )(c ), p 6 l l
" "
so n s o

b R ņ p t￠ l h ic h h a ı ic # c e n t ( \ tlc n u
"
»hm
ı
ıı
(4 ) '
,
th e p ro pe r n a m e ae ,
w a q u

a ll t h c n ï J u n \
R In lts H na l syılu b le S in c e p r o p e r n a m e i* d e fln ı
a ıe ,
ı
n

a c o n s tr u c t r e la tio n s h ip w t a re n ı
th ı
ı » o d e fin ltc (c f G 2 6 5 p ń 1) ,

T r a n s la tio n

X￥ipt￠ aņ "
n \» t ￠ny1 "
A n d ï he w (a r e ) th c n a m m u f
f Ia h m a e l
"
th e B o n s o

3 n ln q p tļŕ n?đ '

ņ 7 Șl (p s 1 19 :5 5 )

h ) 'n ?t , Q a l p e r fe c t fir s t , co m m o n s in g u la r .
Fr o m 1 ą .
"
He rc m c m bc rc d ,

t r a n s la te d
"
1 be r l
! ılılu s t r a tm
"
re m e m T h e p o s itio n o f ・
ņ [h c n (J r m a

w o rd o rde r fo r a H e b re w v e r b a l s e n te n ce in ￠i h th e v e r b a p pc a n fir t#
(c f G 3 2 p 8 7 ) ,

(2 ) n ?:>đ , g u la r n o u n (n b
m asc u ı
ln
) t r a n ıı
e s in
ıte d n ig h t p lu s t
he
: ,
"

ił
'
c o n tr a c 【io n o f th e p r e p o s it io n ( in d t h e d e fin ite a r t ic le ?ı( t h e J " " .

'
P r o d u c in g đ [c f G 15 I(4 ) p 2 9 1 ' đ la c k s a d a c $ h le n e b e c a u w th c
g ,

p r e c e d in g w o r d e n d s ı n a v o w e l T h e f u lıt r a n s la t io n o f t h c w o r d is u ı
[h e n ig h t
"

(3 ) q p t￠ ,
m a sc u lin e s in g u la r c o n s tr u c t n o u n
,
fr o m th e a u t e D ￠ř
b ro ı n a m e

p lu s se c o n d
in g u la r p r o n om a sc u lin e s m in a l su ffix T hc w r it in g o f
eq w ith p r o n o m in a l
e n d in s s fo llo w s t h e [c f
G 2 8 3 (ı), p 7 3 1 T r a n s la t i
sa m e p lt e m as ïđ .
so n
" "
o n yo u r n a m e

58

月内 뇨
 Ļ Įļ S b o Ņ Xı
ı

(4 ) n ln th e co v c n ı
, ın t m ım c ĺo r l*ir llc l H ( io d '

pm n n ,
u n Ľed '
À l li)m )y ( ' đLW ,

d tm n » ı ed (u ll
i :ı
"
u n u ı LO ı
(D "
cu p lin l le l[e r íi) (ı ]￠
iń , p 1 R ın b
u »c d he re u » u v i c u ılv c ı
ı m c l\ n » l d r e « » ln l ll jn g
, u tıd g it p e r «u ı
ı t }r
T lu tı
ru m ł o n :
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0 ıO ı
ıD "

T r a n s ltl tio n

]r ı: r ljpt￠ rı
rı
? ?đ '
ņ l ?l ı re m e m b e r y [ lu r n ĺ l rn e In th e
n lg h l , O LO R D "

4 '
ņ\ n ? ta ?ņ -
Ńb ! U er 4 4 : ]0 )

( "
a n d "
) , u H th e
pı n e g iıt iv e p it r l ic lc

(2 ) 1 a ?n , a l p e r fe c t t h ir d c o m m o , n p lu r a ı lr o m t h e ,
v e r b 7 > rı ,
"
hc
w a lk e d '
t r a n s lu te d
"
t h e y w a lk e d " U n ite d b y m a q q e ĺ th e v e rb
,
, iın d th e
n e g a t iv e p a r t ic le a r e t r a n s la te d a « a u n it : "
th e y d ld n o t w a lk
"
丁h c
m e te g In th e in it la ıs y lla b le In d ic a te s th a t t h e s y ı
la b le is d th a t
o pe n a n
th e r e fo r e th e she v a u n de r b l# a v o c a l s h e v a lc f G 9 2 (3 ), p 18 1

(3 ) '
ņl n ? ,
th e p r e p o s it io n # ( In
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p r e fix e d to th e n o un nln ,
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In
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s u ,
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T he p re po s lt ı
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p r e c e d in g w o rd e n d s in a v o w e l P ro n o m in a ] su fflx e s o n n o u n a in d ic a le
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ņi n is "
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T h e tr a n s la t io n o f ņ\n
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T ra n s ı
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a ?n -
b!
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A n d [h c y d ld n o t w a lk In m y la w
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S u g g e s tı
o n s ro r F u r th e r T es tı
n s

1 w r ite th e Q a ıp e r fe c t in fle c tio n o f aÐ ,

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3 m s à
a rı 3 c p a n a

3 fs コ门コ

2 m s a rı
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2 fs a n 9 2 fp a n à

a n a t cp a n a
c p

59
歹
L E SSO N X II

2 L o c a te a n d tr a n s la te th e fo llo w in g fo rm s

a
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E x a m p le Q a l P e r fe c t 1 CS m w n
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h ) ・
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(6 ) ł
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3 T r a n s la te th e fo llo w in g

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(D e ut 7 12 )
(3 ) ? t ￠ 1 ￥ Ę D1b￥jıt 1 N ú u dg 1 3 :8 )
(4 )
ņ? T ￥ - n ru H ! (1 C h r 1 7 1 8 )

R \r ı r m 19 7 )i
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à

￥T
rı Ńb R q rı
!
 A n s w er K ey
(C f G , pp 1 0 1 ff )

x m 1 F ill in th e b la n k s w ith t h e c o rr e c t
pro n o u n s

!ņ
rı » ı ıđ T W ha t is t h is ev il th in g ? (N e h 13 17)
2 '
ıia ? ) r ı
=
8 W he re
a
is m y g lo r y (h o n o r )? (M a l 1 6)

Ţ a
2, ° " . . " " m . . " " ?

(4 ) ei§ņ D ' rib ?rı:

rı * (b ) Is n o t th e Lo R D yo u r G o d w ith
y o u ? (1 C h r 2 2 18 )

Is n o t a ll th e la n d b e fo ?
re
U
iG e n 13 9 i

(6 " J " : n r u￠ q D w ho a re ?
yo u M y so n
(G e n 2 7 18 )

(7 ) ĦR
Tı (c )- v Đ W ho A re yo u ? (G e n 2 7 32 )

(8 ) d )- 1 0
T o w ho m a re yo u ? iG e n 3 2 18 E 3 2 17 )
n g

) t . )T æ Y hat Is yo u r n a n ıe ? (G en 32 2 8)

(1 o ) 1e ņ rı
$jıDqttjı iÐ \
w ho A re th e s e m en w ith

Yo u ? (N u m 22 9)

(1 1 ) T") Pđ
rı W h a is th is in Yo u r Han d ? (E x o d 4 2 )

(1 2 ) ï匕労门 口矽呻门
峰 대볏 Is th is yo u r yo u n g e s t b r o th e r ?
(G e n 43 29)

(1 3 ) W r '
ņ8 W b r o th e r s ,
w he re a re J °u fr o n ı

(G e n 29 4 )

(14 ) D '
$・a
ı đ rı
s
g) A n d w he re are yo u r p r o p h e ts ? (J e r 3 7 :1 9 )

(1 5 ) 8 111 (G 26 9 )
'
ņ? " ) SĮ e is M 3L s is te r en
w h e r e is S a r a h y o ur w ife ? (G en 18 9 )

W h e r e is y o u r G o d ? (P s 42 4 : E n
g 4 2 :3 )

th e LO R D G o d o f yo u r a n c e s to r s

(D e u t 1 2 1)

W h a t is h is so n s
'
n a m e ? (P r o v 30 4 )

D o th e y n o t b e lo n g to u s ? (G en 3 4 :2 3 )

in th e d a y s o f yo u r a n c e s to r s (J o e l 1 2 )

Is h e n o t yo u r fa th e r ? (D e u t 32 6)

W a s n o t th is m y w o rd ? Úo n 4 :2 )

u a n d yo u r a n c e s to r s Ü e r 44 :3 )
yo

W h o is th is k in g o f g lo r y ? (P s 2 4 :8 )

W h e r e is th e ir G o d ? (J o e ı2 1 7 )

th e LO R D G o d o f h is a n c e s to r s

(2 C h r 3 0 1 9 )

in o n e d a y (Is a 10 1 7 )

o n th e fifth d a y (N u m 7 36 )

o n th e s ix t h d a y (E x o d 16 5)

o n th e te n th day (N u m 7 :6 6 )

o n th e s e c o n d day (N u m 7 18)

th e t w o o f th e m a lo n e (1 K gs 1 1 29 )

o n th e n in th d a y (N u m 7 60)

o n th e th ir d d a y (G e n 2 2 :4 )

b e tw een th e t w o o f u s (G e n 3 1 :3 7 )

o n Th e s e v e n th da y (E x o d 16 2 7 )

b e tw een th e tw o o f th e m (E x o d 2 2 :10
Eng 2 2 1 1)

o n th e fo u r th d a y (N u m 7 30 )

o n th e fir s t d a y (E x o d 12 1 5 )

o n th e e ig h th d a y (E x o d
E n g 2 2 30 )
th e t w f th e m
o o to g e th e
 L E SSO N x m

X lll 4 A n sw e r th e fo llo w in g q u e s t io n s by tr a n s la tin

g th e H e bre w
Ex a m p le
O n w h ic h d a y d id G o d r e s t?
'
ņ ļ '
eì s (G e n 2 2)
A n sw e r o n th e s e v e n th day "

W ha t w a s th e t o ta l le n g th o f D a v id s rei
nŢ e Į TTR$
・
(2 s a n ı 5 4)
A n sw e r fo n y ) r s "

H o w lo n g d id D a v id ig n in H
re e bro n ?
" n rı w u ]q 31 3 (2 S a n 】 5 5 )
A n sw e r se v e n d s ix
y ea th s
"
rs a n m o n

H o w lo n g d id D a v id ig n in J e r u
re s a le m ?
nļ a Ťf w e w (2 s a m 5 5)
A n sw e r
"
th ir ty a iıd th r e e y e a l s

H o w lo n g d id it ra in ?

" ÐN eþ D ・

ņ H (G en 7 12 )
A n sw e r fo r ty d a ys a n d fo r ty n ig h ts
H o w lo n g d id A d a m liv e ?

W e w rų n i* tzJ M ￠n (G e n 55 )
A n sw e r
-
n in e hu n d red ye a ls a n d th ir t y y e a rs

H o w lo n g d id M e th u s te la h liv e
}

rt) n i* æ »tņ1 n ř D \ s ŕa i
n 3n ￠ņ (G en 52 7)

A n s w e r n in e a n d s ix t y yea rs a n d n in e hu n dred y

H o w lo n g d id A b r a h a m liv e ?

" ļ q ean n tř e ・
» a ? nļ r »e (G e n 25 7)

A n sw e r
-
o n e hu n d re d y e a rs a n d s e v e n ty y ea rs a n d fiv e ye a rs

. H o w lo n g d id S a ra h liv e ?
:
e 9
) 31 t
rı ę e 9
? rq ￠ T* <D (G e n 2 3 ı)

A n sw e r o n e hu n d re d y ea ıs a n d tw e n ty y e a rs a n d sev e n ye a rs

:g H o w lo n g d id t h e Is r a e lite s r e n ıa in in E g y p t?

ę n » a ? nt e 1
ř (E x o d 12 4 0 )

A m w e r th ir ty y e a Ts a n d fo u r hu n d re d y e a rs

lite s h a d bo d th e k n B
H y fa it h fu ıIs r a n o t e e to l?
o w m a n e w e a a

d
"
A n sw e r
"
se v e n th o u s a n

63
L E SSO N X 11ï

lo
ı w m an y lu e n c llw
Ħ\r tı k ıIn lı
\c e x tx lu s fr o m E gy pt

1 ï nlķą ￠￠ (lī -
xo d 1 2 37 )

d
"

A n sw er l
"
s l× h u n d red th o u w n

llo šo n s a n d d a w h te n l w re h rm 1o Jo b ?
w n \a n y
n hş tttiş! " ļ ř n ￥ ?#ř o o b 1 2)

A n sw e r
'
\ ew n so n s « n d th n ee d a u g h te r s

Iło w \n
n ił y shee p tll 1 J o b o w n !

1 Ýţs ıi?￥ n j p o o b 42 1 2 )

d
"
A n sw rï
\ '
fo u r te e n th o u w n

ı
1o w n ta n y c i\ n \c ls tlld Jo b o w n

D '
p+ n O o b 4 2 12 )
A n sw r l x th o u s A n d
W he n m s Pa m L T r c \e le bm te d ?

i\tŕ N T ņ eh ￥ n p w (2 c b r 3 s u
A n sw r
"
o n th e fo u n ￠e n t h o f th e ħrs t m o n th

lĮ o w o ld m s A b ra n \ w h e n h e le ft H s ra n ?
nř l a W
tş) " ř H n (G en 1 2 )
A n sw Ę r
"
flw )m rš an d s e w e n ty )Ħ a r s
H o LA m an y tr a in r d r r io r s d id A a m
m hav e in h is h o ıse
ı h o ld q

八n s 嘱 でr ï 一
嘟 b le e n 開 th 嵌 hu 诮
a re桂
H o w m a n y s J a n si u H to m
T c to Ja m b ?

A n sw w m qe v l e
"

X ï ll 5 Ea c h f t h e fo ı
o ı
o w in g e n t r ie s
in
Cb m pł e te t h e tr a n s ı
co
a t io n o r th e \ r b
n H s a Q « l fo r m o f ・ H eb n « \
fo m \s b y fiııia g ia t b e n
m * r \ e d (・) i\ e t h
s e ĺ R rs o n
K łr e sł =
ı
e , s w e r, a n d n m be r o f fo r m ř .
i= (b §g i\ r
E taw

呷獅 碘 \ 飞A r d 9o t s鳥
ı ı
l
o ￠ı tı
a m D m
n n am e o f Jo e r tl I& N )
ř

h ) ! =

ğa
 ļ U iS0 B ı X lll

12 ) n lm \D q l l ? īņ b ņ -
T he r e fo r c s he calle
h ls n am e Ju d u h (G c n 2 9 :35 )

nÝqt e '
đ T - -

r ņ ş 1 ı$ '
H o w d id y o u
w r !tg ıı
ł l \h e s c w o rds ? U e r 3 6 : 17 )
\4 " ņ# !?ņ -
ł
ıb n p? '
w h y d id y o u no t w k
gı
w iıh m e ! (2 S a m 19 :2 6 )

8 11 ・
rvŅ' ņ ņ '
rg ? w h y d ld y o u saz '
"
Sı
\e is m y s is te r
"
? (G e n 12 : 19 )
íņ
" ? lı ņ ?$ đ T ņ H o w yo u ha v e f Y fr o m
h e itv cn ! (ls u 14 : 12 )

W nï t w '
n ņ7 Ńb I do no t kno w w he re
th e y a r e fr o m ( 1 S łım 25 :11)

W th ) r
-

.
W ha t d o yo u kno w ? U o b 1 5 :9 )

19 ) ie ı
h» T Đ ・ -

1 1 ! A n d th e y s h a ll sa y to

W ha (E x o d
"
m e t ls h is n a m e ? 3 13 )

1 10 )
ĦT B 3 e N T ŃH D o yo u n o t kn o w w ha t
th e s e a re ? (E ze k 17 :12 )

ha s be co n ıe o f h im (E x o d 32 1)

m m 1cw e rp ļ t p A n d th e tw o o f th e m

b e s id e th e Jo r d a n (2 K g s 2 :7 )

F o o tn o te s

h \ W o cc u rs w it h o u t d a g t s h le n e in its B c G a D K e F a T le tte r s b e ta ıııe t h e s

e łr e
11 p r e c e de by v . h e ni tiaı ) is e d b y a w o r d e n d i ng
d o w e ķ i p r ec ed i n n . nd
s iı fin ın ( w it h o ) do ı
o s e its s y lı a b le 3 b e h a v e s ・1 i f
łc e * u t m a p p iq cs n o t c

Pr o c t d e d b y şe r e H o w e v e r If the re is a s tr o n g d is ju lıc ï iv e a c c m t o n ł w o r d
e ı
ıd ıg in e ith e r n
iı X a v o w e l a BcG a D K cF a T ıeter a ı th e b e p n n in
o r
ı o ￠ t lıc
fo ı
lo w in g w ìo r d a in s
re ı it s đ g e s h le n e A go o d e x a m p le is fo u n d ın e *
c rc u e
IıX llı 1 (6 ) ￠ n
p 61 In '
) m o n e m ig h t h ı v e e x p e c te d
'
Ja to ・p p ea r
» it h o d tb e in i ıia l p t fo lı fa c i
a t a a ges h ı
e n e in e x c e r ıe ıb ı t a ıır «m
d is jm g
c t iv r a m n ï a p p ea rs o n n ņņ m * k in g ı se p a r a t io ı
ı b e tw ee n i【 ın d
,
lı
ıc

65
r
ı
Þ
į 4 Iı
r
L E

ly s t u tle n ts m u s t d c t c r m ln c n c c e n tu " " n b

fo llo w in g w o r d U n fo r tu n a te
H e b r e w B ib ı
,

In t h e p r e s e n t e x e r c is e y :
\ p r ln t c d
c
x t o f ı
s th
e x a m in in g t h e te e
ith o u t t h c ł\c c o m p ı\n y ln g a c c e n t s is n s
v o ca liz e d te x t is r e p r o d u c e d b u t w ,

L f in ï e r r o g a tlv e n n n d th c n e g a tiv e c H
p a r tic ı b a ss u m
(b )
￡ th e b in a tio
co m n o es

, in n a tiv e r es po n s e

(c ) n is th e p a u s a l fo rn i (w ith '
a tn a ! n ņ w fo r r rq t$
,

' ı

T lıc a c c e n t is f th c k e r d ls ju n c tiv
(d ) rı
1ș is f
p a u s a l fo r n i o r
th e nq o n e o w ea
cs
l ıs y lln b le be s tr e s s e d b e in g
h o w e v e r a n d w h ile it c a u s e s t h e in i[ a
to a c c e n te
,
,
d
d o e s n o t c a u s e th e v o w e l to b e le n g th e n e d

c u p h o n lc
V şqI is
" "
d a g e s h fo n e
"

ed ju n c tlv e
"
(e ) T h e d a g e s h fo r te in ca lı I\ co n o r ,

[c f G 3 4 2 (2 )(a ) p ġ 3; 45 , p 14 7 ] T h e c o n ju n c t lv c d
y e s h fo r ıe is v e r y
(q # t￠n l
,
"
co m m o n a fte r w o rd s su ch .. N!.Nd n p ) Q ņ q ls a ıs o th e p a u s a l
fo rm (w ith ・
a m a b , qp
(f) q ? is t h e p a u s a l fo r m o f (w ith ql \
n tn a b ) p lu s th e p r e p o s it io n ? ,
ln ,
"
m in u s
d a g e s h le n e b e c a u s e th e p r e c e d in g o p e n la
syı b le en d s in n (w ith o u t m a p p iq )

(g ) q
n in ļ §is n o rm a lly a c c e n te d o n th e fin a l sy lla b le H o w e v e r ,
s in c e th e a c c e n te d
8 11 fo llo w s it , '
ņin is fo rc e d to be w r itte n
'
ņ T he s h ift in a c c e n t w as
do n e fo r e u pho n ic re a so n s to a v o id ju x ta p o s in g tw o to n e s y lla b le s in a d jo in in g
w o rds T he re a re f th is f a c c e n t u a tio n h a n g e in
m a n y o c c u rre n c e s o ty pe o c the
H e bre w B ib le

(h ) T h is is a n o th e F e x a m p le f th e
o co n ju n c tiv e d a g e s h fo r te [c f Fo o m o te (e ) a b o v e l
(u r
lņt￠
N is th e p a u s a l fo r m (w ith '
a tn a h , q R t￠
N ) fo r q q t￠
H

(P T h is e x e r c is e p r o v id e s s t u d e n ts a n o p p o r tu ity to ie th e f th e
d e fin ite a r tic le b e fo r e b o th g u ttu r a ı
n re v w p o in t in g o
, s an d no n ttu r a ls (c f G 14 p p 2 4 ff )
gu ,

(k ) N u m e r a ls fr o m 1 IO fo lı
a re e d by
o w
p lu r a l n o uns T h o s e b e g in n in g w ith 1 1 a nd
a bo v e a re fo llo w ed by no uns in th e ir s in u la r f
g o rm
Ex a m p le s (U D '
đ￠ ıi?￥ 10 y e a r s iG e n 5 14 )
(2 ) g
nt " 1 ￥￥ 20 y e a rs (G en 3 1 38)
(3 ) \
q
e ttŕt￥ n h
￠3 m e n (G en 18 2 )
(4 ) a ŕq N e 1
tť b q 30 m e ü u dg
n 1 4 19 )

b e g in n in ith n r ds
g w O r » [c f G 3 4 2 (2 l '" n d s b e fo re w o
c) , P 96]

66
 L E SSO N X II I

S u g g e s tio n s fo r F u r t h e r T e s t in g

T r a n s la te th e fo lı
o w in g
1

(P s 5 7 1 l ; E n g 5 7 :10 )

(P s 1 3 0 :7 )

(L e v 19 1 8 )

(G e n 12 19 )

(J u d g 19 :19 )

M a tc h t h e fo llo w in g

(A ) T h is is n o n e o th e r th a n th e ho u se

o f G o d (G e n 2 8 :17 )
(B ) Y o u a re m o re r ig h t e o u s th a n I
(1 S a m 2 4 :17 )
(C ) W h o is th e w is e m a n ?
(J e r 9 1 1)
(D ) A n d a H e bre w la d w as th e r e

w it h u s (G e n 4 1 :12 )
(E ) a ll th a t w as g o o d in t h e e yes
o f Is r a e l (2 S a m 3 :1 9 )
(F ) 0 L O R D ,
th e G o d o f Is r a e l
,

yo u a r e r ig h t e o u s (E zra 9 15 )
臼) ( ) り辱っ审・ コ・劈구 コ角门 기労专 セ (G ) A m n o t a B e n ja m in it e ?
(1 S a m 9 2 1)

ņ8 P r￥9T (H ) W here e r c ie s
(8 ) ( ) q
à» rı are yo
(P s 8 9 5 0 ;
u r m ,

89 4 9 )
O L o rd ? E n g
(I ) A ll th e liv in g b e in g s w ere

se v e n (G e n 46 25)
(J ) A n d a g r e a t s to n e w a s t h e r e
(1 S a m 6 14 )
)
(K a m a n in w h o m t h e r e is th e
s p ir it o f G o d (G e n 4 1 38)
(L ) A n d t h is is its fr u it
(N u m 13 2 7 )

67
L E S S O Ł X III

lh c tr n n s lu t io n
by s tıp p ly ln g lh e co n ec t p ro n o u m i,
3 C p le te
o tr ı

拭1门 门り
一

ls t (E xo d 16 :5 )

Ļ q Ħ
rts U
u n

(2 )
? (G en t H :8 )
ł
a re ,

Ş n ip r ìiq n ip
-

(3 ) h? -
Ot
-

is n a in e ,
li n d ı
s
'
o o n Ii n u m e T
(P r o v 3 0 :4 )

r Ę e ķ T!￥! n aş U 11 r?Ņ
' -
Zđ1
Tı
(4 ) -
ņņ -

A n d o f th c lıın d ? A
'
rc th e r e tr e e s In o r no t (n o n e )7
(N u m 13 2 0 )

(5 ) r
l' 3 ņ ș '
aiwrt￠n
th a t w h ic h is g o o d in e y e s (2 S u m 19 :3 8 )

(6 ) q
a đ?a ı q￥ bjș
a c c o r d in g to a ll th a t is in h e a r t (2 K g s 10 3 0 )
(7 ) in31 Ï a i ' tli' H Ïa
q ・
n 中ş a l!
A n d w ill ju d g e b e tw een a m a n li n d (b e tw een )
n e ig h b o r (E x o d 1 8 : 16 )

(8 ) " Ș￥ đ '
" r?t$
ttp? r y￥ -
" đt￠
a re tw e lv e b r o th e r s ,
th e s o n s o f fa t h e r (G en 4 2 :3 2 )
(夕) in Ņ r gi￥ t ' Ķ r ı
iN » izit! N in -

a n d s ix hu n d red (w ) (1 S a n i
m e n e re w ith
3 0 :9 )

D J ￥ đa ŕi»
rı 1? rïđIe
'
" ņ ıq
is b e tte r to
th a n se v e n so n s (R u th 4 15 )

fa th e r ? (D e u t 3 2 :6 )
(12 ) u R n iR D
9
»7t$ ¡
Đ» !
a n d w ith fo u r hu n d re d (G
m e n en 3 3 :1 )
 L E S S O N X IV

A n sw er K ey
(C f G 1 2 1 ff )
, pp

X IV W r it e th e
f u ll p e r fe c t in fle c ti
o n o f th e v e r b b t z ğ
o w in g s te m s in d ic a t in p ,
"
he ru le d ,
"
in ea c h
, g th e p e r s o n g e n d e r a n d , n u m be r o f ea c h fo
7 p p 1 1 3 ff )
,

h ) Q a l P e r fe c t (2 ) N if a l P e r fe c t
-

3 m s h ğp he r u le d ) he w as r u le d
3 fs n ?t￠
t? s h e r u le d n
ři t?￠
ņđ she w as ru le d
2 m s
ņ? ņ yo u ru le d
ņ1 ?
】 J yo u w e re ru le d
2 fs ņ ?efp yo u ru le d j
ņ zpđ yo u w e re ru le d

-
'
n?e I r u le d 'i
n ?
n I w as ru le d
3 c p thæ th e y r u le d q zp 1b th e y w e r e ru le d
2 m p Oł?tp yo u ru le d eJygzp
D 】 yo u w e re ru le d

2 fp ïņ ?￠Z yo u ru le d ïI ņgř yo u w e re ru le d

c p u?i9 " " e d U ?Z P w e w ere ru le d

(3 ) P i e l P e r fe c t
'
(4 ) H if iıP e r fe c t-

3 m s iĐ he ru le d (w ith fo rce ) y a řzprı h e ca u se d to ru le

3 ・ s he ru le d (w ith fo rce ) n ? tzpņ

'
she c a u se d to r u le

2 m s yo u ru le d (w ith fo r c:e ) ņ?zprı y o u c a tıs e d to n ıle

2 fs yo u ru le d (w ith fo r c:e ) ņt￠ prı y o u c a iıs e d to n ıle

CS
.
I ru le d (w it h fo rce ) in
n
ca u se d to r u le

3 c p th e y ru le d (w ith fo rc e ) 19 ticpn h t e y ca u se d to ru le

2 m p e ł yo u ru le d (w ith fo r c:e ) Oł?grı yo u ca u se d to ru le

2 fp īņ ?tt» yo u r u le d (w ith fo r c:e ) ï ņ yo u c a u se d to ru le

c p utp w e ru le d (w it h fo rc e ) w e c a u se d to r u le

69
 L E SS O N X IV

h o f t h e fo llo w in B e n t r ie s
X IV 5 E a c c o n ta in s a
p e r fe c t fo r m o f a H e b r e w v e r b
S u p p ly t h e p r o p e r t r a n s la t io n o f t h e v e r b fo r m b lin g In th c b ı th c
y fiı a n k ïn
s p a c e m a r k e d (a ) g i v e it s s t e m in (b ) it s p e r s o n be
ge n de r a n d
, n u m r
(a b b r e v ia te d ) u n d in (c ) its r o o t
, ,

E x a m p le

@ ņ lđ n j ? đl (:a ) n if a ı
H e sha ll b e fr o h is p e o p le (b )
m 3 m s

(E x o d 30 :3 3 ) :p )
( m a

e đt đ n R \ ttřn?đ - '
ı
đ (a )
W ho has th is fr o m h a n d l (Is a ı: 1 2 ) (b )
yo u r

I ha v e n o t e a te n bre a d (D eu t 9 9)

W ￠@ b»
Fo r fr o m it y o u w e re ta ke n (G en 3 : ı9 )

H a v e I n o t w r itte n to (fo r ) y o u ? (P r o v 22 20 )

ı?ı
ş ・
ņ ￥ '
đ )Į$!
A n d I s to o d o n t h e m o u n ta in (D e u t 1 0 10 )

" đąņ n
ı
- ・
ņ>tt -
Hb
I d id d th e p r o p h e ts (J e r 2 3 2 1)
n o t se n

)- ' (a )
) T # ņ 1ņ ņ » 3!tp" ņ
fo d fa v o r in m y e yes (b )
Fo r yo u ha v e u n

(c )
(E x o d 33 : 17 )

(8 ) (a )
T )đ tx qļ
(J e r 1 5 : 16 ) (b )
Y o u r w o r d s w e re fo u n d
(c )

71
 (n '
n #ņ )
ţw a Ħ#" n 1p q la Ę tp@

(u '

(n ) pleı '

I hw e 二
)
塑 上 田 y ttu th ls
c o m m n n tlm o
n t

(じ)
回国

(M R I, :ł
(a )
V ?ţ S tt7 Ș l
'
n 2) e' \ (b )
ke to u in E g y p t (E x o d 1 4 : 12 ) 1 c p
N '
￠ s lw yo
(c ) [ıj i T](a )

ith th e c o rre c t p ro n o u ns
X lマ鳥 F1ill in th e b la n k s w

w \
-

ī o piH
'
n?Ţ I ha v e se p a r a te d yo u

f th e w p le s (L e v 2 0 :2 4 )

c I av e f ou n d Da d m
￥ ¡! ?' h
r N ) y er va n t .
T
ļ v i s
\p s 0 '
1 En g 89 20 )

a nP T Ę$ \tia\(e) A n d th e y sha ll se e k th e L o R D

th e ir G o d (H os 3 5)

U a r Ń 1ņ rı
'ıcı
-nŅ rı
tn ￥
j￥-rı
'
n 1p N o t w ith
o ur a n c e s to r s d id th e L O R D m a ke (c u t ) T h iş c o v e n a n t, bu t
w ith u s (D e u t 5 3 )

a Êa W '
n3n! " ) A n d I w ill cu t he L o ff
fr o lıı th e id s t f he r
m o
p e o p le (L e v 17 10 )
1 a " ) ?
Igw
' '
n i a ņ )" J
A n d I w ill cu t o ff
ho fr o
W
rs e s th e m id s t o f
m
yo u (M ic 5 9; E n g 5 10 )
T æ n N "
T -
ru<
ņ P T t$ H o w d id w r ite
a ll th e s e
yo u
w o r ds fr o m h is o u th ? (J e r
m 3 6 17 )
? W -

r») A n d h is w ife
( M ı2 9 ) ― ― yo u ha v e ta k e n
 L E S SO N ı
i1 Y t

(1 1" ņ h ņ e Ņ ' n ? đq ?("-

A n d I w ill lle d o w n w ith m y
\n c e s [o ı§
ł i (O en 4 7 :3 0 )

A nd ! w iı
ıs e n d fir e N
u po n s
c itie s (H o s H : 14 )

卫上 s po ke to in E g y p t
;4 :1;i yo
" u
(E x o d
(14 ) l0 4 " ņņ 1ı#' t b r o th e r s ke ith
spo w h im
(G en ,
4 5 :1 5 )

Fo o tn o te s

(n ) A b r a c k e te d v e rb ro o t In d ic a te s th a t r a r e ly if
o ne ,
e v er ,
o c c u rs in th e Qal s te m
(c f G ,
"
V oca b u la r y ,
"
p p 3 7 4 ff )

(b ) ĦīP? is p a u s n ı(w ith '

a tn a b , ņæ fo r ņ ?p?
Lc ) T h e L A te f X
u m ed '
￥P is a w ea k v e rb (c f G , p p 2 7 5 ff ) W h e n N o c c u r s a t th e
d f w o rd
en o n o r a s y lla b le w ith in a w o rd ,
as in ņ şt
X ZP it b e c o m , es q u ie s c e n t
(c e a s e s to fu n c tıe c a u s e q u ie s c e n t
o n as a co )
c a n n o t c lo s e its s y lla b le
n so n a n t B N
,

th e p r e c e d in g v o w e l rn u s t b e lo n g T h u s p a ta b h a s b e e n le n g th e n e d to q a m e
ş ,

N o te a ls o th a t th e n lo s e s its d a g e s h le n e b e c a u s e it fo llo w s a n o e n s lla b le

p y

(d )
a7ņ is p a u sa l (w it h '
a tn a b , a?ņ fo r 7ņđ N o te th e
a a d d itio n a l c h a n g e in
th e p o in t in g o f t h e d e fin ite a r tic le B e fo r e I7 (a p t h e d e fin it e a r tic le is tı
(a 7 ņņ ): h o w e v er ,
b e fo re th e pa u sa l lo n g v o w e l ņ (a p ,
t h e d e fin ite a r t ic le

a s ņ (a 1 p [c f G 1 4 3 (2 X c ) p 2 5 ] T h e p r e p o s itio n a ls o
o c c u rs
ņ ,
is a dded a n d
a ?ņņ b e c o m e s a 7 ņ [c f G 1 5 1(4 ) p 2 9 1 ,

(e ) A
p e r fe c t t h a t is p r e fix e d w ith v a v c o n ju n c tio n w iı
ıo r d in a r ily b e tr a n s la te d in
t h e fu t u r e te n s e lc f G 3 1 1 (4 ) p 8 6 ] N h
o te t a t t e s e fo r m s a r e a c c e n te d o n t h e
h ,

fin a l s y lla b le

(f)
q§T p ıp is t h e p a u sa l (w ı
th '
a tn a þ , q P ! P P ) fo r q p , w it h p r e fix e d ï zp ,
"
fr o m
"
a n d se c o n d m a sc u lin e s in g u la r pro no m in a l su ffix :
'
fr o m yo u r m id s t "

(B )
1ņ ls p a u sa l (w ith s lllu q ,
tl $9￥ ) fo r q p ņ
(h ) T h th e
e v o la t lllz a tio n o f th e lo n g v o w e l in n e a re st o p e n s y lla b le b e fo r e th e
e ł e n d in g c a u s e d b a ţ e f p a ta b to b e p la ce d u n d e r t h e In it ia l g u t t u r a l i
n

e Q Tř
Ņ (g u ttu r a ls d she v a s ) Fo r th e p o in ti n g o f ju n c tio n
p r e fe r c o m p o u n
v a v co n

b e f-r e 31
p o u n d s h e v a s , s e e G 16 , p
o m 4

73
L E S X IV

o n s fo F u r th e r T e s tı
n g
S u g g e s tı r

in g q u o ta t io n s fr o m t e
h H e b r e w B ib le c o n ta in e x a m p le s o f p e r fe
1 T h e fo llo w ct
i t o f s te m s L o c a te t h e v e r b in e a c h o f th e q u o ta ti
fo rm s r e p r e s e n t in g a v a r
e y o ns
,

u s in g th e fo r m s u g g e s te d h e re

b! t h e fe ll
"
T "
T h e y fe ll
1ȘiıQ a l p e r fe c t 3 fr o ra n s "
cp m
E p le
,
x am , ,

tů ' » 0 n e ņŢ J
-

2ļ s nr?>i 1 0 ￥
T ' '

bt$i n m ?t￠ 9 ' "

1

q ￥ rı ņ?ņrl n o it
-

e >￥ Tit'
y ı:
rı

? l$ș'
￥
pt￠
. t￥ n

(1 2 ) bķi '
zp 8 10 0 U ÐŁ
i
, n ņ ! (G e n 1 7 14 )

2 T r a n s la te th e s e n te n c e s a n d c la u s e s
g iv en in # 1
 L E I ıo N X V

A n ıw e r K *y
(( I (/, p p
'
, , I U rr )

XV ı W r llo th e #
Q n ıın \po r I'o u l 4 ll a r ı ,
"
Iı# w r ttlņ ,
H
T r » ll* ln i« łh n
・Ił l ltk fm m #

(1) 3 m ı
i a h p? he w iı
ıw rı
le (ñ ) \ n ıp ta p p " /
th ￠y w ill w r iı
«

(2 ) 3 I» a h ?ņ t he w ilıw r lı
* (n 3 fp n }? iq ?n tı* y w ill w r iı
￠ *

(3 ) 2 n \* a h șņ yu u w ı
ıiw rı
ıe (N ) 2 in p \a p pjy " y łl u w iJl w r i￠
*

(4 ) 2 flı '
đ P ?ņ " yn u w ı
ıiw r ite (ı)) 2 fp ? n ?ņ
nł y tıu w lj
ł w r ik

(5 ) ıc H a )q ?ņ I w lı
lw r ite ( 10 ) c p a h ?) w « w ill w r iw

XV 2 M a tc h th e fo llo w ln *

+
1' ł tı? " " 阗 ï n t ır tle r l}ı» t y ￠)u m a y leim
(ı )c u l 14 :2 U
(2 ) ( L ) nı? Tņ " ī￥ jp? 回 ï b h iłll k e e p y t ıu r u ck
lı ,

(O e n 3 0 :1 1 )
(3 ) ( G ) qpņ 9
đņ 心 T he y * ha e d t ıw
ll lı n u l w he r

伽 T h e rà ) R D w ilır u ll o v er ya u
(J w lg * 2 3 )
(5 ) ( A ) j»yņ ī# p? 図 A n d yo u » ha ll k e e p m y
co m m a nd m e n t* {L c v 26 3)
ta ? ￠m ) in 马
伽 T h e ï e t h in ￠* I re m e m be r
(P # 4 2 5 E n￥ 42 4 )
n b tlfņ 9
ï?×> 心 l r e i￠n ( I K p
I * ha ı ! 5)

￠
n" ) ņ l￥ Ľ y b ) n ņ) 知 A d yo ıh a ll k e e p h l*
'
1ıq t 9 n u

co m m a n dm e n u { D e ıłt 13 5 )
rn b t ￠
ņ '"
19q\VH! 仍 H I# c h iı
d re n a re ho no red
(J o b 14 2 1 )

Ðm e bt ￠
ņ 团 I ıh a ll Ju d g e yo u (E ze k I ı l ı)

㈹ ïn o r d e r th a t th e y ı
n?! " )
m (m t 3 ı12 )
y m a ea rn

一 In or d e r th a t y o u m a y re m e m be r
(N u m ıs m )
咖 I w ill r b e r G o d
(P ı 7 7 4 E łı￠ 7 7 3 1
 E SSO N X V

(1 4 ) ( K ) 习q a '
◆ ï￥ P ? (N ) P e r h a p s th e L O R D w n l hea r
(Is a 3 7 :4 )
(15 ) ( N ) n tn »aeg( . ' 'k (0 ) S a u i s h a ll r e ig n o v er us
(1 S a m 1 1 ı2 )

X V J F i ll in th e b la n ks w ith th e c o iT e c t p ro n o u n s

TP$ niļ nin(

" L est fo r g e t th e L o R D
W
- '
ïş J L yo ur
G a d (D eu t 8 1 1)

r »tł
ņ rĺ] W -
rw
'
iĵ q ņ - q
a Fo r Yo J L sha ll k e e p a ll

th is c o m m a n dm en t (D e u t 19 9 )

1
rı
'
T Ļđ 1Ţ Ř " ) ' -
eN If J r so n s keep m y co v enan t

(p s ı3 2 1 2 )

1p
?ş ? " t 8 rņ?X c ) Let u s se n d m e n b e fo re us

(D e u t 1 z2 2 )

an q
8 Ðæ\ e ) * h A n d I w ill n o t lis t e n to th e m

(J e r 1 1 11)

a3 ・
đ8 i i I w ill n o t ru le o v er yo u

(J u d g 8 2 3 )

rutq«n q
đg n q ı3 T ? " » L e t u s m a ke (c u t) a c o v e n a n t,

a n d yo u (G e n 3 1 44 )

q n ・
n " =
n x W ) B u t yo u s h a ll k e e p m y
co v en a n t (G en 17 9 )

Y
1 æ» «h » n q
n ' " ) W ilı he m a k e (c u t ) a co v en a n t w ith

yo u ? U o b 40 28 E n g 41 4)

(10 ) 1
æ» " ) r
W đ
v k c )
A n d le t u s ke ith
m a a co v e n a n t w

(I u n q
? qN 1rı 3" ' '
A d
n th e y s h a ll ke ith
m a a co v e n a n t w

w u (2 S a m 3 2 1)

(12 " W ĺ bz ・
Tļ n ib t ￠a -
q
Fo r s o lo m o n h a ll r e ig n
yo u r so n s
a f te r m e h K 1 13 )
gs
 8 8 ŲN m

E ng 39 :1 )

o 4) " W qņìn n v t t (d )
ı w llık e e p Iłıw
ţ ır
c o n t in u a lly (P s I 19 :4 4 )

(15 ) t lH
aı '
199 T ] " ņ tp a ]
N ¡r' ņ
! ı
?
o r ho w » h lıll w ç
s tm l s ilv er o r go ld fr o m th e h o u s e l (lo r t l) ř (O 4 4 :H )
o
L m u » lc r c n

XV 4 Each o f t h e fo llo w in g e n tr ie s t o n tn in s t\
Q u ıım p e r fe c r fo rı
n o l ı
l w v e rb
ıle b r e
G iv e lt:s c o r r e c t t r a n s la t io n b y fillln & in th e b ı n k ( )
tı n tı
ı \c s p tı k
ce m a r e d a ￥ lv e
lts p e r s ot n , ge n de r ,
a n d n u m be r n n d in (
,b ) Its r o o t (1 e \ıs Q u l p e r fe c l 3 m n
,
fo r m )

h ) a )?ņ ılËb Y o u s ha ll n o t ș te g ı (b r o d 2 0 : 15 )

(2 ) 1a )äņ «n Ń Y o u sha ll no t s te a l (L e v 9 10
ı

ıbţ *b T Ht9ņ! A n d yo u r s in s w lı
ln o t

re m e m be r (Is a 4 3 :2 5 )
'
ıt n « "
ī￥ P ? In o rd e r th a t yo u m a y re m e m be r

(E z e k 16 6 3 )

n i R 1ıa m (a )= l$ R e m e m be r n o t th e fo rm er

t h in gs (Is a 4 3 :1 8 )

(6 ) b *n ip - ￥ i b 中甲 n ņ l$! A n d yo u sha ll re ig n

o v er Is r a e l (1 S a m 2 3 :1 7 )

(7 ) b ì? þ n =
ıbt$ '
Fo r w ill

f th e k in g f B a b y lo
yo ke
n
bre a k th e o o

Üer 28 4)

(8 )
p b đņ =
eq ・
R 1Ħ! A n d he w Ju d g e
ill

ld it h r lg h te o u s n e s s
(P s 9 :9 : E n g 9 :8 )
th e w o r w

qh ehpl
" » w ill y o
) eĘ$ 19
=
e u

th e m so n o f rn a n ? (E z e k 20 4 )

kee p
(1 0 ) tıb t￠9 (P Ń 9
nl￥t A n d th e y d o n o t

m y co m m a n dm e n ts (P s 8 9 :3 2 ; E n g 8 9 3 1 )

召
司
 回沁园 ■

eSSO N

(ll) 1IVHŅ 1 19 -
n ņ 1 ) T' ! B u t te t hļ m r e m ©g i (a )
th e tla ye o f d u r k n e » Ñ (E c c ı 1 1 :8 ) (b )

( 12 ) ıl9
"
? T ņ" ) *i " ?￥ ip n A n d yo u s ha ll b e r (a )
B lypt no m o re (E z e k 2 3 :2 7 )

( 13 ) e đņņ 1 0中够 l w ı
ıl Y ls !! Yo u (J e r 2 9 1o ) (a )

( 14 ) Tæ
ņ ırđ ?# 1ņ p? In o rd e r th a t I m a y le a rn (a )

yo ıtu te «
u r s tı (P s 1 19 :7 1 )

(1 5 ) n x \o " #
-
n ņt n lņ eņ
-
n ņ ıh qņ n ş? (a )

So w ill 1 bl e a k Th is p e o p le a n d th is c lty (b )
(J e r 19 ：园苞团团团团团国

Fo o tn o te s

(n ) W h e n tw o she v n s o ccu r u n der ıd

ı ja c e n t c o n s o n a n ts w ith in a w o rd ,
th e fir s t w jjj
b e s \ıe n t a n d th e s e c o n d v o ca ı T h e fir s t w ill e n d lts sy lla b le a n d th e seco n d w ill
be g ın th e new sy llu b ı
e N o te t h e e ffe c t [h is has o n BeG a D K e F a T le tte r s

(b ) '
ņ l￥ tp m y c o m m iın d m e n ts
,
"
h a s t h r e e f u ll v o w e ls t h u s t h r e e s y lla b le s
,
"
,

( ņ /1/￥ ip ) T h e fir s t ts c lo s e d (Șı

・
P t h e s e c o n d is o p e n (i) a n d th e th ir d is o p e n , ,

" ņ ) \n th e m id d le s y lı a b le 1 fu n c tio n s a s a c o n s o n a n t (a s y lla b le b e g in s w ith a

c o n s o n a n t) a n d ls fo llo w ed by bo ı
em It w o u ld b e tr a n s lite r a te d as v i)

(c ) n la qņ ls p a u s a l (w ith m in o r d is ju n c tiv e a cce n u fo r rı pt n ￠

(d ) n?!ņ ha th e ho
r ta t lv e e n d in
g rı. (c f G 4 1 2 , p 1 3 2 ) A c o h o r ta tiv e
s c o
in lv fir s t p e r s o t m p e r fe c t fo r m s e it h e r s in g u la r o r p lu r a l , a n d is u s e d to
v o es n
,

p r e s s the s p e a k e r s d e s ir e
'
e x
,
in t e n t io n , s e lf e n c o u r a g e m e n t , o r s t r o n g
d e te r m ln a tı
o n to p e r fo r m a c e r ta in a t i
c o n

(e ) A L d G
u t t u r a ıv e r b (c f G
a m e
7 0 , p p 2 6 3 ff ) o c c u r s w ith a n " a " c la s s v o w e l
b e fo th e
fin a l g u tt u r a l
re
In Q a l Im e r fe c t f rb
p o r m s o f th e L a m e d G u ttu r a l v e
th e b o le m ls u s u a ll r e l b
y p a c e d w ith
p a ta b (c f G , V e r b C h a r t 1 , p 4 0 0 a n d V e f
C ha r t 5 p 4 0 8 ) ,
,

(f) n q ņ l ı8 pa u sa l (w ith '

a tn a b n ņ# p fo n in te d
w it ĥ q a m e$ ı
n s te a d o f th e
, r
ņ8 ! T he v a v co n ju n c tio n is p o to
usua ıs h e v a b e c a d
th e fr o n t f th e use th e a c c e n te d s y lla b le h a s m ove
o w o rd (c f G 16 5
p p 3 1f ) ,

78
 L E SSO N X V

(w e §
ņ
qi s p r e fix e d w ith in te rro g a tiv e n (c f G 3 4 1 pp 94 f In t e r r o g a t iv
n u s u a lly s e r v e s to in tr o d u ce a s im
p le y e s o
, e
r n o q u e s tio n

(u s u a lly
(h ) ıņ is p a u s a l w ith '
a tn a ? 1» lc f G 3 2 : 1 3 0 fo
, e n r q zpņ
(u 1a ļ đņ is p a u s a l (w ith ・
a tn a h 1a )đm fo r 1a
,
đđn
(p rbqi '
is p a u sa l (w ith s illu q . i￠
1l Ðt ' ) fo r n z
p q '

S u g g e s t io n s f F u r th e r T es tin g

1 M a tc h th e fo llo w in g

(A ) F o r e v e r I w ill k e e p s te a d fa s t
m y
lo v e fo r h im (P s 8 9 2 9 ; E n g 8 9 2 8 )
(B ) A n d I w ill m a ke a n e v e r la s t in g
co v en a n t w it h t h e m (Is a 6 1 8)
(C ) A n d y o u s h a ll b r e a k it
(L e v 11 3 3)
(D ) A n d a s tr o n g k in g sha ll ru le o v er
th e m (Is a 19 4 )
(E ) L e s t y o u s e e k a f te r t h e ir g o d s
(D e u t 1 2 3 0 )
(F ) A n d I w ill r e m e m b e r th e la n d
(L e v 2 6 4 2 )
(G ) A n d th e w ic k e d h e w ill ju d g e
(E c c l 3 1 7 )
(H ) th e k in g w h o s h a ll ru le o v er

th e m (1 S a m 8 9 )
(I ) T h e y s h a ll n o t re m em b e r it
(J e r 3 1 1 6 )
ü) L est yo u m a k e a co v e n a n t

(E x o d 3 4 12 )
(K ) A n d I w ill a b o lis h (b r e a k ) w ar fr o m
th e la n d IH o s 2 20 ; E n g 2 18)
(L ) M y co v e n a n t (w it h ) A b r a h a m
w ill re m em be r (L e v 2 6 4 2 )

79
 X V

do es b e lo n g to th e c a te g o r y in d ic a te d
2 C ir c le th e w o rd th a t n o t

(1 ) v e rbs o f m o v em en t ?
rı ￥ 7ņ rı
đt g
(2 ) v e rb s o f m a k in g rı
đș R Lş rı ￥q
(3 ) v e rbs o f a cqu is itio n eđ np? a ĮȘ

(4 ) v e rbs o f a u th o r ity
e ţ t￠ 7ip đ￥
n đ￥ »
(5 ) v er bs o f m e n ta l a c tiv ity

(6 ) m e ta ls 囀 噼
(7 ) v is ib le in t h e sky
e in q a đia
(8 ) l s tr u c tu り구马lı 门矽in
a r c h ite c tu r a res

(9 ) sym b o ls o f v io le n ce aņ D
(1 0 ) se gm e n ts o f tim e n att tT ?
3 L o c a te th e fo llo w in g v e r bs u s in g th e fo rm spg g e s te d in th e e x a m p le (c f E x e r c is e
X V 1 a bo v e )
E x am p le e b り
Q a l im p e r fe c t 3 m s ,
fr o m e ,
"
he ju d g e d
"
T r a n s la te d

he ill ju d g e
" "
w

(1 2 ) n đ7 iat n ?
 A n sw er K ey
(C f G , pp 14 8 ff )

r ite th e fo llo in g in fle c tio

XVI1 W
w ns o f th e im p e r fe c t
Qal N if '
a l Piel r
Pu '
a l H itp a '
e l H if il
'

3 m s i￠Ħ
1đi' ¡ a ņș 7 Ýņ ņ ' ı' ņ p
b i￠ipņ ıđiņ ıa i q
3 fs aņŢ ņ 1þ ņq ņ Ħ' ņ q ņ
b i￠ipĦ ıđiņ ¡
2 aep pņ
şåĝå ŝîĴşĮ
m s ı' n
2 fs t￠ ipĦ ņ
' '
r q
' ' ・
'7qņ
1 . I P Ș lait ıđ 1 a Aį ￡
s ı' ņ pķ
1b t￠P马 11Și
3 m p
'
ŅP 113 1aņ 1Y '

3 fp rıđ?ipņ ntșiņ rı n đ7 P Ņ
nđPP '
2 m p 1t￠ 中甲 rı șin tıȘJ q 13 112ņ
đņqņ
rı'pņ
ą Ŝ
2 fp nļ ?i￠p ņ rı
tșiņ rıđlș1 rıđpņ nđ>ņqrı rıđņpņ
1 cp ipđ ıi đ ıa 1 ş a ņđ l Ýtıp đ ı' ņ p ļ

XVI2 E a c h o f th e f o llo w in g e x a m p le s c o n ta in s a n im p e r fe c t fo r m o f a H e bre w

v e rb C o m p le te t h e tr a n s la tio n b y s u p p ly in g th e m e a n in g o f t h e v e r b fo rm In
th e s p a c e m a r k e d (a ) g iv e its s te m , in (b ) its p e r s o n , ge n de r ,
a n d n u m be r ,
a n d in
(c ) its ro o t
E x a m p le

b*i ? t￠ ș eibttķ (a )
)
' '
đı$ a
-
n a àļ !" P it e l

A b s a lo m s to le th e he a rt o f th e p e o p le (b ) 3 m s

o f Is r a e l (2 S a m 15 6 ) (c ) a )3

h) h ? l(" (a ) Q l
ış 9 a a

A d he in th e b o o k (1 S a m 10 2 5 ) (b ) 3 m s
n w r o te
(c ) a ņș
(2 ) (a ) Pi l
tPđ
'

n ln T Įţ $
nı e
-

Y k (P s 2 7 8 ) (b ) 1 çs
o u r fa c e ,
O LO R D ,
I w ill se e
(c ) [a řp à ]

81
L E S SO N i

(4 ) Įn p "
r e '
Ņti￠
t
国图 o ff fm m ïł
\c la n d
B u t th e wick￠qıw ill t .

\ m v 1 22)

A n \ 1
・ t r m e m æl ] n ıy c o v e n a n t . (B R o d o :J l.

(6 l in ・
ņ 1 ) ţy "
A n d he re m em b e n ed h is c o \ n n n ı. (P s .
¡0 4 5 l

A n d th e y s h a ll no l be nen\mı a g a in (Z « h .
\3 2 \

A so n ho n ır r s (h is ) fa th e r a n d a se rw n t

h is m a s te r (M a l 1 6)

A n d th e y sha ll Te a c h th e ir c h ild re n (so n s ) .

(D e u t. 4 10 )

(1 0 ) Ę ? enș "
mĵ n
T he L O R D s h a ll h t fo r yo u (E x o d ı4 14 )

(12 ) 口ワ 中 门っ'
ロ ヘ罗
黌 げ门
I ill
w m y fa c e fr o m th e m (D e u t 32 20)

(1 3 ) ıj n 0 9!
A n d th e r e y o s ha ll b e
u b u r ie d (J e r 2 0 6 l

(14 ) 潮 孕 丁ユş r v コ
唧 ) 习びH 偽 ' 中郫習
ー

・。
L est w e bu m
yo u an d yo u r fa th e r s ho u se
w it h fir e Ü u d g 14 15 )

82
 L E SSO N Þ* ıi

XVI3 F ill In t h e b la n ks w llh t h e c o rre c t

p ro n o u n s

(1l '
N '
ı
P Pkhl(
-
ņņ . )
A n d T he sa id "
w ho
, a re Yo u '

N ı y D u u g h te r T "
Ł
R u [h 3 : 16 )
(2 ) n w Ħ
rp '
+ Pı
t :l( a '
A n d he sa id t o ￡
"
w ho
'

a re Yo u T '
(2 S a n i 1 :8 )
(3 ) ıņ 1 ş n iđ(k ) đR Ý > n iä(k )
-
'
ıiđH -

s ha lı w e sa y to
n y ı
o rd ? W ha t sha ll w e s p e a k ? (G e n 4 4 ı6 )
(4 ) 1 ņ \x (b ) ıđ1 ￥ e q! A n d th e r e I w ill s p e a k w it h yo u
(B z e k 3 :2 2 )

w ill s pe a k n o m o re In h ls
nam e U e r 2 0 :9 )

t￠ķ ş ijı
'
Ș￥
-

$! n ņ ìN
rı t» li? " !(o ) A d th e y bu rn ed he
n r a n d
he r fa t h e r w it h fir e (J u d g 1 5 :6 )

t￠ņ qipđ q ņ ・
Y o u r ho u se w e w ill b u rn w it h fir e
Üudg 12 : 1 )

T qi '
àp D ıņ ņ b 8 ( -
m ) D o n o t h id e co m m a n dm e n ts

fr o m m e (P s 1 19 : 19 )

itp e t m b
l￠ $! B
n ņı u t yo u sha ll n o t esca pe (b e d e liv e r e d )
fr o m ha n d Ü e r 3 4 :3 )
(10 )
ıņ $ T ı ş ip t A n d fr o m yo u r fa c e I sha ll b e h id d e n
iG e n 4 lÀĴ
0 1) e ' ņ￥ -
D ņ tm ?ņ -
(b !'' ) A
ı n d yo u s ha ll n o t fig h t a g a in s t
yo ur b r o th e r s (2 C h r 1 1 :4 )
(12 ) ttat 1b Cı("
￠ ? Let th e m p r a is e h is n am e (P s 14 9 3 )

XV I4 C f t h e fo llo in g e n tr ie s b y fillin g in th e b la
o m pı
e te th e tr a n s la tio n o w n ks

(1 ) "
ņh -
D ņ ! ? at￠l( ' "
T he n D av id la y d o w n w ith h is

a n c e s to r s (ı K g s 2 : 10 )
(2 ) '
ņ 11 ha n d
' p ņ8 q 7 ņ In to yo u r I co m m it

□ s p ir it (P s 3 1 :6 ; E n g 3 1 :5 )
ダ ― ―

(2 K g s
q iș n ıiŔt￠! B u t h e
(a ) Kept H is co m m a n dm e n ts 1 8 :6 )
(3 ) r '

N ib n (p ) S h a ll l h is
D ? Q i!» ? n ķ W I đ
(4 )
- n o t J ee ķ
fr o Ha n d ? (2 S a m 4 :1 1)
m yo u r

in iq m
tiļ Į
th e ir
(5 ) D ıj T ?￥
n】 N o w he w ill Re w E be r
(J e r 14 10 )
(E x o d 3 2 19 )
(6 ) e q it ıag :!( ) a
A n d he b ro ge Th e m

) T jȘ »
-

D\iJ\ett " q ) L e t th e T s be J d© B e fo re yo u
,

(P s 9 :2 0 ; E n g 9 : 1 9 )
(8 ) neţ " ) t3tp JđĻL - ' A n d m y servts sha ll dw e ll th e r e

(Is a 6 5 :9 )
) i» \ıt ' "
t(b 3 A n d th e y sha ll b e re m e m be re d n o n ıo r e

(Z e c h 1 3 2 )
(10 ) T qĵ ţ ¡
iļ ! ı3 t" s)
M a y th e in iq u ity o f h is a n c e s to r s be BM e ņ be red
(P s 1 0 9 : 1 4 )
(1 1 ) r? D O V ah '
!( a ) A n d he w r o te in th e n a m e o f th e
k in ， (E s t 8 1 0 )
(1 2 ) i » bţ $i ' "
eg ıđ t" I(b ?'t ) L e t th e n a m e o f Is r a e l b e
rem em be re d n o m o re (P s 8 3 :5 ; E n g 8 3 4 )

Fo o tn o te s

a àà l is a n im p e r f e c t
rm v e rb fo
th a t is p r e fix e d W it h a v a v c o n s e c u tiv e (c f G 4 3
,

p p 1 4 5 ff ) T h e v a v c o n s e c u tiv e o c c u r s o n l
y w ith im p e r fe c ts a n d in d ic a te s tha t
t h e tr a n s la tio n is to b e in th e
p a s t t e s e a n d a lw a s in t h e in d i V av
c a tiv e m o d e
n
y
c o n s e c u t i v e is u s u a ll
y w r itt e n ! (v a v , p lu s p a t a ? p lu s d a g e s h fo r te in the
f o llo w in g c o n s o n a n t ) B e fo r e H (t h e
,

p r e f o r m a t iv e fo r f ir s t c o m m o n s in g u la r
im p e r f e c t fo r m s ) it is w r it t
H X V I 2 (5 ) (1 1 )
e n (s in c e g u t t u r a ls c a
n n o t b e t
d o u b le d ) [e g ,

p p 8 1f ] B e fo r e n o n
g u tt u r a ls s u p p o r te d b y v o c a l s h e v a the
, ,

d a g e s h fo r t e s o m e tim e s d r ,

g ! u n c h a n g e d [c f H X V II 2 (1 ) (3 ), (6)
o p s o u t le a v in
, ,

p p 8 1f ] ,

(b ) »đ￥ i l (w ith
s pa u sa '
a tn a h, » đ g ) fo r » đ t￠
(c )
m! '
is p a u sa l (w ith '
a tn a h,
trı
p )f '
m
o r
??
(d ) 7 "
h e le a r n e d "
e x presse s (2 ) P
,
, a c a u s a tiv e m e a n in
g in t h e p i e l [c f G 3 6 2 ,
'

ha s be e n d d e d to th e
a e n d
f th is p i. e l i
o in
m p e r fe c t t h i fo n n
h a n g e s its rd lin p lu r a l
n o w a y c m e a n in g [c f G m a sc u e
3 9 3 (4 )
P 12 8 ] ,

84
 LESS0 26 I

' th e m
t v e rb h e r e ls le n bl , se t o fť in b r a c k e t
s to in d ic a te th
\￠
r in th c H e b r e w B lh le En '
is t h e N if u l s t
a t n o Q a l fo rm s
tl{r u e m b u t t r u n s lıtte d
-

se n se Hc w III fig h t s im ila r to th a t n o

w it h a s im p le
a c l i\ ť y rm n ı ı
y fo u n d in t h e
,

Qul s te m lc f

l a H if il im p e r fe c t fir s t
'
co m m o n
\f s in g u la ha s n
r a Su ffix in d ic a t in g
h o r ta t iv e (c f G 4 1 2
,

13 2 )
,
tM t, Lņ .
. p

) W o n js lik e ĪŞ t le s t
" '

,
D N ( if "

A n d \
Ý1N ( pe rh a ps
" " '
.
in tr o d u ce v e rbs th a t in
o de rn
nı u sa g e ig n e d t o t h e s u b
w o u ı
d be a ss
ju n c t iv e m o de i e v e r bs u se d fo r
su jb e c t iv e d o u b t f u l h h
y p o t e t ic a l o r g r a m m u t ic a ll
, ,
,
y ,
su b o r d in a te s ta t e m e n ts o r
q u e s tio n s c f G 4 0 3 p p 1 3 0 f )
t .

u ) lo in is r » t t h e , s ig n f t h e d ir e c t o b e c t
j o
p lu s , 1 '
Th e s e c o n d fe m in in e s in g u la r
p r o n o m in a l su ffix lc f G 2 7 2 0 ) p 7 1 ] ,
.

u! n 3 3 is th e jive u sE o f th e im p e r fe c t (c f G 4 1 1
p ,
13 1 )

t T he w o rd īiĘ$ is u se d o v e r 3 o o t im es in fe r e n c e to a n e a r th ly
re "
lo r d "
(k in g
!
,
asïe r
nı hu sba n d e tc A n d a bo u t 3 0 tim in r e fe r e n c e to a d iv in e
, , . es "
L o rd
"
T he
s in g u la r fo r m o f th e to g e th e r w i th th e fir s t p e r s o n p r o n o m in a l ffix (1 t i ţ
r e fe rs t o a n e a r th ly lo r d
n o u n
su p
T h e p lu r a l fo r m (p lu r a l o f m a je s ty ? ) w ith th e a dded
fir s t p e rs o n pro n o m in a l su ffix (q tì ţ p g e n e ra lly r e fe r s to th e d i v in e L o r d
tl R
'
t it le fo
as a r G o d a ppea rs 449 t im e s in th e H e bre w B ib le [N o te īi￥ is

m n s la [e d in m o es t E n g lis h veioT' ' " 11 ca p it a l le tte r s ,

" X . . ;° " ,
a n d is

T he ju n c ti v d a g e s h fo is e tim d in th e
co n e r te so m es p la ce in itia l c o n so n a n t o f a
w n rd iıı o r d e r to lin k it w ith su c h w o rds as rū? a n t (c f G 4 5
d rı , p 14 7 )

1 ņ ìx q ņ ix
1u
is p a u s a l (w it h sillu q ) fo r ,
w h ic h c o n s is ts o f th e p r e p o s it io n n ı
$
" ,
it h
p lu s t h e s e c o
w
d m a s c u lin g u la in l ff ix "
s in w it h y o [c f
"
n e r pro n o m a s u , u
G 2 7 1(3 X a )
p 69] ,

l
n u A
ı

g a tiv p r e s s e d b y th e im p e r a tiv e fo l u ı o f
ne e co m m a n d o r a p r o h ib itio n is n o t ex
th e v e r b
In s t e a d ,
fo r t h is p u r po se H e bre ,
w u s e s e ith e r w ith th e im p e r f e c t o r
( noti
'

w ith t h e ju s s iv e (c f G 5 5 p p 17 3 f ) T he ju ss iv e is a ls o a n
,
im p e r f
ec t u s e d in a s e c ia l w a y (c f G 4 1 1 p 1 3 1)
p ,

(A )
X» M
th a n im p e r fe ct ex pr e ss e s a p r o h ib itio n in s tr o n g e r te r m s th a n g w ith th e
jn s s iv e [c f ( )
n ı a bo v e ]
(o )
ı
.i: is
'
th e ju s s iv e u sE o f th e im p e r fe c t
L E şşO N ¡( !

ffir m a riv e
(p ) * bq in tr o d u c e « a q u e » t io n th a t p r e s u p po * c ı
a n a a n ıw c r

(q ) 1e 中冒' is th e Ju s R lv e u sc o f th e im p e r fe c t

ffix kno w n as
"
H e d ir e c t iv "
(c l o 1
u s th e n
e 4
(r ) n r? s e pı
"
th e r e su
"
ı , , .
,
, pp
ffix is n e v er a c c e n te d h e x p r e ııe ï d ir e c t io
14 6 f )
"

T he
"
H e d ir e c t iv e su n ￠
n

to w a r d a p la c e o r t h in g
m o tio n pe rso n , ,

(s ) ıđ t' is th e Ju s s lv e u se o f th e im p e r fe c t

s tr o n 吕 p r o h ib it io (c f C 5 5
(t) H w he n u se d w it h a n im p e r fe c t , e x pre s se s a n
, p
,

17 3 )

S u B g e s tio n s to r F u r th e r T es tı
n s

1 T r a n s la te th e fo llo w in g e n tr ie s

(1 ) k
ir ı t ıp ! ・

D q it￠ n đșt￠ ' '

T 2Ķ ı1 " a tiı

(6 ) $ n tn
1 ' a tı 叼
ņ
) iÐq a i » ıa iý t
ı
(8 ) bıo ib q
iÐ￥ -
ıa r q
a

XJI rı?ņ q n
'
Ħq a
-
r '

(10 )

L o c a te th e fo llo in g v e rb fo
w rm s w h ic h a r e d r a w fr o
, n m e x e r c is e # 1

86
 L E S S O N X V II

A n sw er K ey
(C f G p p 1 6 0 ff )
,

X V II 1 M a tc h t h e fo llo w in g

T h e y s e e k h im w ith a ll t h e h e a r t
(P s 1 1 9 :2 )
T h e y d id n o t k ill th e m (J o s h 9 26)

A n d th e y c lo t h e d th e m (2 C h r 2 8 1 5 )
Y o u sha ll p o u r it o u t u po n th e e a r th
(D e u t 12 16 )
I w ill h o n o r h im (P s 9 1 1 5 )
A n d he c lo th e d th e n ı (G e n 3 2 1)

T h e re yo u s h a ll b u r y m e (G e n 50 5 )

Y o u s h a ll s a c r ific e (o ffe r ) it
(L e v 19 5 )
I d id n o t k ill y o u

(1 S a m 2 4 12 ; E n g 24 1 1)
Y o u s h a ll h o n o r (g lo r ify ) m e
(P s 5 0 1 5 )
T hey sha ll g lo r ify y o u (Is a 25 3)

A n d he bu rn e d it w ith ñ re

(1 Kgi 9 16 )
A n d th e y c lo th e d h im (h 3 5 )
w ill h o n o r yo u (N u m 2 2 17 )

Y o u d id n o t k ill n ıe

(1 S a m 2 4 19 : E n g 2 4 18 )

XVn 2 F ill in in th e fo llo

th e b la n ks w it h th e c o rre c t p ro n o u n s w in g p hr a se s a n d
s e n te n c e s

h) Ð T qTipqi '
tT
rı T he L O R D w ill k e e p yo u fr o m a ll e v il
(P s 12 1 7 )
(2 )
ta1!ņ" )
- q
ttř i]ķ w h a t is m a n th a t yo u re m e m ber M ın ?
(P s 8 5 ; E n g 8 :4 )

87

l
fg
 = iı
L E SSO N X V II

S u r e ly g o o d n e s s d sha ll p u
1g a n m e rc y rs u e

!?gŕ:l dtheLORDGodsent-Į į
(a )
(4 ) ī 7 ĪâiÐ
-
D '
b W in A .

f th e g a r d e n o f E den (G e n 3 2 3)
o u t o

k th e m bu
D ţ $ n N ? Ottriđ】 sha ll
Y t y o u s h a ll
(5 ) o u se e
n o t fi
nd

h is lo
(6 ) q la ņ !§ľ đļ !
-
đ? A n d a ll s e r v a n ts v e yo u

h Sam 18 2 2 )

(7 ) e 7 rg n tr ı
: ng T h e fe a r f th e L O R D I ill te a c h
' w
o yo u

(P s 3 4 12 ; E n g 34 1 1)
(8 " đ Ę$ n '
đPi?
・ 1 e '
P\ '
dë tĦ'
rı th e LO R D ,
th e G o d o f the
he a h o to k fr o m th e ho u se o f J y Fa th e r
v e n s .
w o r e

(G en 24 7)
(a ' A n d G o d se n t m e b e fo re
yo u

iG en 45 7)
(1 0 ) ľ m t ł Ńb đ8 1 B '
u t L d id n o t se n d h im Üe r 2 9 :3 1)

(1 1 ) " W t ￠ Ńb Jļ l B
-
q
u t I d id d th e m (J e r
n o t se n 14 15 )
(1 2 ) b«i e ş rrT l( ) A ' a
n d Is r a e l p u rsu e d (1 K g s 2 0 :2 0 )

X V II 3 S u p p ly t h e c o r r e c t tr a n s la tio n f th e
o v e r b fo rm b y fillin g in th e b ı
s a n ks In
th e p a c e m a r k e d (a ) g i v e t h e s t e m
s
o f th e v e rb in (b ) it s f o r m (p e r fe c t
,
im p e r fe c t ) in (c ) its e r s o n
,

, p , g
e n der a n d , n u m be r a n d in (d ) its r o o t
,

E x a m p le

1e ņ tà!iđđt( c )
Let us se e k h im w ith y o u (S o n g o f S o l 6 1)
(a ) Piel (b ) im p e r fe c t (c )
'

1 c p (d ) [t$ P à ]
(1 ) r u < i -

b ingiđ R) (d )
Y e t th e y do n o t se e k h im fo r a lıth is
(H o s 7 10 )
,

(c ) 3 c P (d ) [a ŕp a ]
(2 )
r?t e '
p ￠ ??ņ
t \m (e )
L e t h e az v ens an d e a r th h im (p s 6 9 :35
Eng 6 9 :3 4 ) p r a is e

(a ) Pi el '
(b ) im p e r fe c t (c ) 3 m p (d ) bņ
se e k it lik e s ilv e r (p r o v 2 :4 )

88
 Ņ X V II

Im p e r fe c t (c ) 3 m s (d ) ıa
T

A n d I b ro k e th e m b e fo re yo u r e ye &

(7 ) 1àコ中lq " qņlnrpr A n d o u t o f y o u r ]a w y o u t e a c H im (p s 9 4 : 1 2 )

(a ) Piel (b ) im p e r fe c t (c )
?
'
2 m s (d ) i
(8 ) Tņyņ o tııđ Ðđ t￠I
pra ı
se Yo u se v e n tim e s in th e da y
(P s 1 1 9 : 16 4 )
(a ) (b )
Piel p e r fe c t (c ) (d ) b
'
1 cs

(9 ) đ7 ņ 9ņ T $đȘ b ￥
'
Y o u w ill h id e m e in th e s ha do w o f
yo ur w in g s (P s ]7 :8 )
(a ) H if il '
(b ) im p e r fe c t (c ) 2 m s (d ) ¡ņ

(1o ) e ' ? Q '

đ? P ņ t
)￠ -
b 8 (ņ D o no t bu ry m e in E g y p t
(G en 47 29)
(a ) Qaı (b ) im p e r fe c t (c ) 2 m s (d ) ıđ i
?
(1 0 n p ş in ' đ ?(
rrı
?p ' ı)
A n d th e y b u r ie d h im in h is h o u se a t

Ram a h (1 S a m 2 5 :1 )
(a ) Qal (b ) im p e r fe c t (c ) 3 m p (d ) ıđ i
?
(12 ) IH 13 5 )
1LZP ?
r' ņŢ J '
đ I - k yo u in th e w ild e r n e ss o s

(a ) Qal (b ) p e r fe c t (c ) 1 cs (d ) » ?

F o o tn o te s

(a ) n
e! l p! "
is . Qal im p e r fe c t v e r b fo r m p r e fix e d w
it h a v a v c o n s e c u tiv e (s e e
H X Vl F ( ) is a t h ir d fe m in in e s in g u la r
n a , p 8 4 ; c f G 4 3 , p p 14 5 ff ) n
P r o n o m in a l s u ffi
x w h ic h f u n c t io n s a s th e
d ir e c t b je c t o f th e v e r b [c f G 2 7 1 (1 ) ,

P 6 8]

(U
￠ is e
,
"
th e r e ,
"
p lu s t h e
"
H e d ir e c tiv e
"
e n d in g n .
(c f G 44 , PP ]4 6 f
ノ
lm so N 2ÇĽLLĮ

? ș t￠
(c ) u n " ı la s s o l pro n o m ln a l fflx e s
p le o f " in t
h ils \n
ı e x a m ı c su th a t
đ re
ith v e r b s c n d ı
n g In c o n s o n a n ts (c f G 4 7 3 p 15 9 )
s o m e ttm e s u se d w ,

(d ) w h e n \
【 plo ffix ls a d d e d t o a v e r b fo r m e n d in g in §u r e q th e g u r e i
no m im ll s u
q ı
,

s o m e tim e s w r it te n d c le c tlv c ly , i c , a s a q
lb b u ş (rTl ş !n ) S u c h a c h a n g e is q
m o aı
u lin e s in g u ı a r lc f G 4 7 1( 1 )
c o m m o n w h e n t h e s u fĺ l× ls t h c t h ir d m a s c P 157] ,

i i f š u r u q ib b u f u n c t i
W h e n s ta n d in g a s t h e d c ĺ c e t lv e w r t n g o e ş o n s a s a lo
ng
,

( k f h l o f t h is c h a n g e in t h e e x e r c is e s f
v o w el N o te : L o o o r o t e r e x a m p e s o r thi
s
le s s o n )

(e ) A n im p e r fe c t seco n d o r th ir d p e rs o n fo rm y b e u s e d a s a ju s s iv e , e x p r e s s in
m a
g
is h , a n d d ir e c t e d t o w a r d a n o t h e r p e r s o n (o
th e pe a ke d e s ir e
'
s r s w o r co m m
, r
m m o n w a y o f s a y in g ,
"
L e t s u c H a n d su ch
p e r s o n s ) o r n t h in g It ls t h c m o st co a
th in g ta k e p la c e
"
(c f G 4 1 1 , p 13 1)

(f) b H w it h th e ju s s iv e is u se d to p r e s s a n e g a tiv e w is h o r a p r o h ib itio n (c f G 55

e x

p p 17 3 f ) I t c o n s tit u te s a m ild e r fo r m o f t h e p r o h ib it io n t h a n Ń b w ith a n

im p e r fe c t , e s p e c ia lly w h e n + ķ is fo llo w e d b y t h e p a r tic le o f e n tr e a ty k t a lm o st

"
a s if th e s p e a k e r w e r e s a y in g , P le a s e d o
"
n o t

S u g g e s tio n s fo r F u r t h e r T e s tin g

1 E a c h o f t h e fo llo w in g s e n te n c e s c o n ta in s a v e rb fo rm th a t is e it h e r p e r fe c t o r
im p e r fe c t It y b e lo to e ith e r f th e (Q
m a ng o n e o se v e n s te m s a l N if a l P i e l
,
'
,

e tc ) In th e s pa ce rked (a ) g iv e th e (b ) g iv e t h e fo r m (p e r fe c t
m a s te m ; in ,

im p e r fe c t ); in (c ) Įn d ic a te p e r s o n , ge n der ,
a n d n u m b e r (a b b r e v ia te d ); a n d in (d )
g iv e th e th r e e c o n s o n a n ts o f th e ro o t
E x a m p le
T IItT Ş -

h qņ?t￠
șt A n d I w ill se n d yo u to p h a ra o h (E x o d 3 : 1 0 )
(a ) Qal (b ) Im p e r fe c t (c ) 1 cs (d ) r lb ¸
(1 ) D ì7 ￥ r7 ￥ 1a ?zp ıq 0 '
a?D n ?ţs! A n d th e s e are th e k in g s w h o
ig n e d in t h e ı
a nd o f E do
re
m (G e n 3 6 :3 1 )
(a ) (b ) (c ) (d )
(2 ) n tn qzař \tti¸ '
! A n d le t th e m see k yo
(P s 8 3 1 7 ; E n
u r n am e o Lo R D
g 8 3 : 16 )
,

(a ) (b ) (c ) (d )
(3 ) Ï ĢIŅ n t j
a »￥ "
n t￠
?ņl A d sh e
n c lo th e d (d r e s s e d ) J a c o b H e r
yo u n ger so n (G en 2 7 : 15 )
.

(a ) (b )
(c ) (d )
 ı X V II

g ņ " »iş !
-
"
(4 ) đ A n d th e h o u se f Baal
o w as fille d (2 K g s 10 2 1 )

(5 ) i O '
bs ij ņ đ Ń b
!
-
A n d G o d d id n o t g iv e h im in to h is h a n d
(1 S a m 2 3 : 14 )

(6 ) 1Pį b￥ m
rı q ņ?t￠Ńb T he L O R D o u r G o d ha s n o t se n t yo u U er 43 21
(a ) (b ) (c ) (d )
(7 ) '
đP?qi rı
ln '
ti ￥ n ņ￥ ! A n d n o w th e L o rd G O D ha s se n t m e Iis a 4 8 16 )
(a ) (b ) (c ) (d )
(8 ) 7 Ţ rw q n ?t￠l =
A n d th e L o R D se n t yo u o n a jo u r n e y (w a y)
(1 S a m 1 5 :1 8 )

13 ・ ļ ş? D ・
t t rı
?￠đ Let " " n d m en b e fo re u s (D e u t 1 22)

(1o ) O i h qr!gşl A n d w e se n t yo u (a w a y ) in p e a c e (G e n 26 29)

(a ) (b ) (c ) (d )

2 M a tc h th e fo llo w in g [N o t e In th e tr a n s la tio n o f pro n o u n s ,

(s ) i n d ic a t e s a

s in g u la r a n d (p ) a p lu r a l pro n o u n ]

(u ( ) DņȘgı (A ) Y o u (s ) s h a ll se n d u s U o sh 1 16 )

(2 ) ( ) Om?eT (B ) A n d I w ill se n d yo u (s ) (a w a y) (1 S a m 9 19 )

(3 ) ( ) q
Jm?g]l (c ) Y o u (p ) s e n t m e (G en 45 8)

(4 ) ( ) T ņař 3 (D ) I s e n t th e m (J e r 1 4 14 )

4 8 16 )
(5 ) ( ) ・
3Pygł (E ) H e ha s se n t m e (Is a

(F ) A n d h e se n t yo u (s ) (1 S a m 15 1 8 )

(G ) A n d th e y s e n t th e m (a w a y) (1 S a m 6 6)

(H ) A n d I w ill se n d th e m Ü o s h 18 4 )

(I) A n d h e s e n t th e m (a w a y) Úo sh 22 6)

h im (a w y ) (G 28 6)
(J ) A n d h e se n t a en

(K ) A n d y o u (p ) h a v e se n t m e (a w a y) (G e n 26 27)

(s ) s h a ll d (a w a y ) (1 K g s 11 22)
(U Y o u se n m e

aı 91
L ESSO N X V ıI

3 . T " " 1. t. ih , f. U °. In g

92
 L E S S O N X V III

A n sw er K ey
(C f G p p 1 7 ılfl ) ,

,
f ll h f
X V III 1 L o c a te u y t e o llo w ln 吕 lm p e r u tlv e it

e x a m p le : ı1a P l' e l lm p v ,
2 m ı
i fr o m [ı3 9 r] ,
"
he gpo ke "
T ra n s
"
spe a k !
"

TP
tT￠ Qul lm p v ,
2 m p fr o m X 7P ,
"
he c iılı
ed
"
T ra n s
"
c a ll p r o c ta im !
,
"

ta p ņ qal lm p v 2 m p fr o m a ņł "
he "
T w !
r ite
" "
,
, w r o te ra n s

ıIđ ņ (a ) N lf u l lm p v
・
,
2 m H fr o m r lp ,
"
he k e p t "
T ra n g
"
K ee p , g u a rd
y o u r s e lfl
"

1 ņ (b ) P ıe l lm p v r
,
2 m p fr o m b 2ņ ,
"
h e p r a is e d "
T ra n s
"
p r a is e !"
l p#l q u l l mp v .
ņ
2
f s f ro m Ð I, "
h
e h ea r d.
T
r an .
吕
H
e ar ! "
n đılPż «" Pľ e l lm p v ,
2 fp fr o m i "
h e le a f n e d "
T ra n s
-
T eac h !"
,

ti? Qal lm p v ,
2 m s fr o m h￠jp ,
"
he r u le d
"
T ra n s
"
R u le !
"

1e ļ P l' e l im p v 2 m p fr o ,
m eņ ,
"
he e sca pe d ,
d e liv e re d "
T ra n s
D e liv e r , ¡ib e r a te !
" "

) 1 ļ pņ H it p a '
e l lm p v ,
2 m p fr o m [bÐ] ,
"
he pra y e d "
T ra n s
"
p ra y !
"

h o) 1W Ņ H if il im p v '
,
2 m s fr o m [ın 口] ,
"
he c o n c e a le d ,
h id "
T ra n s
"
H id e ! "

X V III 2 F ill tn t h e im p e r a tiv e fo r m t h a t a p p e a r s in th e H e b r e w B ib le in e a c h o f th e

a w in g s e n te n c e s o r c la u s e s B e p r e p a r e d to tr a n s la te e a c h s e n te n c e o r c la u s e

to lo c a te th e im p e r a tiv e fo rm fo u n d In it

'Ģqaņ") ?r', a (p s 5 1 1 1 ; E n g 5 1 9 )
"
H id e y o u r fa c e fr o m m y s in s
"
H if il im p v -
,
2 m s ,
fr o m [ın o ] ,
"
he
H id e !
" "
c o n c e a le d , h id T ra n s
"

(2 )
y ı: a
rı 9
1
-
n ņ " ?ı W (M ic 6 :2 )
f th e L O R D Q l Im p v
"
"
H O in s th e c o n tr o v e r s y o a 2 m p , fr o m
ear ,
m o u n ta ,

Ð@ he he a rd t ra n s h ear l
,

l "
Pi l im p v 2 m s fr o m [ıa q ] "
he
p e o p le o f Is r a
'
"
S p e a k to e
th e e , , ,

Spe a k !
"
sp o k e T " "
ra n s

("
īl" Tij# W (P s 1 4 7 : 1 2 )
"
p r a is e y o u r G z io
"
p i e l im p v 2 fs , fr o m b "
h e p r a is e d "

o
'
o d ,
n , ,

T r a n s " P r a is e ! "
ĻE SSO N X V III

(5 ) D Ș?l '
D QĶ t?Pæ (1 C h r 1 5 : 12 )
Sa
"
n c t ify y o u r s e lv e s H itp a l im p v
"
a n d y o u r b r o th e r s '
e 2 m p , fr o
,
m th \
"
he w as h o ly " T r a n s
"
S a n c tify y o u r s e lv es!
"
ıi = i
(6 ) T￥ q
r ı iĵ nin (M l 3 :2 2 )
1T
¡ı! a

R Qal
"
e m em b e r t h e la f M se r v a n t
"
im p v 2 fr o m
w o o ses m y , m p ¡đ
l
, ,
"
he be r !
"
re m e m be re d "
T ra n s
"
R em em
,

) n N \ņ n dņ n
1t -

￥ D3 ? W (D eu t 3 1 :19 )
"
W r ite fo yo ur r s e lv e s t h is s o n g
"
Qal im p v ,
2 m p ,
fr o m
aņ ,
"
he w ro t
e
"

T ra n s
"
W r ite ! "

(8 ) W TşŔ»R (P s 1 1 9 : 10 8 )
"
T e a c h m e yo u r ju dgm e n ts
"
p i' e l im p v , 2 m s (p lu s 1 cs p r o n o m in a l
ffix ) fr o T each !
"

D
"
su ,
m ,
"
h e le a r n e d
"
T ra n s m e

(9 ) '
￥t￠
rı rı( ) e m N ?l (G en 4 7 :3 1 )
"
A n d he sa id ,
'
Sw e a r to m e
"
N if ' a l i m p v ,
2 m s ,
fr o m [» a tû] ,
"
he
sw o re
"
T ra n s
"
Sw ear ! "

X V III 3 W rT ite th e im p e r a t iv es fo r th e fo llo w in g v e rbs in th e s te m s in d ic a te d

e x am p le s qal im p e r a tiv e o f l @ ,
he k e pt

2 m s ıiŔt ￠ 2 m p 1ıq tú 2 fs '

paŕ 2 fp n]iŔq
(1 ) Q a l f e ş ttŕ he ju d g e d
" "
im p e r a tiv e o ,

2 m s ta b t ￠ 2 m p
'
ea 2 fs 1ut 2 fp ntwi
(2 ) N if a l '
im p e r a tiv e o f ıiĐ ,
"
h e k e p t"

2 m s m g 2 ııp
ı
'
1ZPtņ 2 fs rıNņ 2 fp n t7p 守门
(3 ) P i e l '
im p e r a tiv e o f Ti ,
"
h e le a rn e d
"
(P i e l '
,
"
ta u ght
"
)
2 m s 7e 2 m p
'
?ip 2 fs rpl 2 fp r ıt
(4 ) H itp a ・
e l im p e r a tiv e o f [+ b Ð] ,
"
he p ra ye d "

2 m s gj??ı 2 m p
'
??ş q ri 2 fs t?şņr 2 fp nt ??ş t?n
(5 ) H if il im p e r a tiv e '
o f [ı
h] ,
"
h e th r e w ,
c a st
"

2 m s tī?io 2 m p
'
3q t ?￠
iı 2 fs 1y ?ņ 2 fpnt?io
X V III 4 F ill in t h e b la ks ith th e fo r n ]s
n w co rre c t im p e r a tiv es ba se d o n t h e im p e r fe c t
fo u n d in pa r e n th e s e s C h e c k th e s c r ip tu r e fe r e n fo a c c u ra c y o y
f o ur
re ces r th e
w o rk ,
bu t o n ly f
a te r th e b la n k s h a v e b e e n fille d in .

(1 ) 1 ņ 0 Cı (1 ņ lņ ) (p s 5 1 1 U (t￠p đ Į 1) (p s 3 4 : 15 )
(4 ) t￠p

94
 L ı
ısso Bım

(7 ) rap (ta p ņ ) (ls u 4 8 : 16 )

(9 ) r»
?t￠
tı (1y ?u tņ ) (G e n 3 7 :2 2 )
(
'
đ ?#ŕ " đ #t￠
m (2 S u m 13 : ıl ) ( 10 )
r»l!ņ (w ?q ņ ) (J o s h 2 : 1 2 )

I5
K V Iı M a tc h th e fo llo w in g ı
m p o rm ı
v es w ith th e p r o p e r tr u n s lu t io n

(A ) se n d m e

(B ) se e k m e

(C ) Ju d g e m e

(D ) c a u se m e to he a r

(E ) te a c h m e

(F ) rem e m be r m e

(G ) w r ite th e m

(H ) te a c h it (f)

(I) h e lp m e

ü ) p r a is e h im

(K ) se r v e h im

(L ) he a l m e

X V III
[II 6 F ill in th e b la n ks w it h th e c o rre c t pro n o u ns

田 1
n in 衅 邯 犁 ・神 ￠ L ie w ith m e ，
m y s is te r (2 S a m 1 3 :1 1 )
l2) q ?a
-
D à $ Dà
n ņı -

U
-
h￠
P" R u le o ver us b o th Yo u

a n d y so n (J u d g 8 :2 2 )
(3 ) ?
rș đ?(" Ti n o ? ZPt￠K ee p th e m w ith in yo u r he a r t
(P r o v 4 :2 1 )

eđq W r ite th e m o n th e ta b le t o f yo u r

h e a r t (P r o v 3 3)

bh
(5 ) r ı j n ! 1 t!ł
￠7 đ t￠ n ņ t?ip1(n
'
sa v
-

ņļ ,
-
e yo u r liFe a n d

th e life o f so n S o lo m o n (1 K g s 1 : 12 )
W
ı
qţ s T ?Ę$ n$ ıj j
(6 ) q ￥ ' a t￠(P
?1 A d bu ry
-
rı n Yo u L fa th e r , as he

d to s w e a r (G en 5 0 :6 )
c a u se Yo L
) ,
q5 -
bņ '
ņ k t ıp B u ry m e w ith m Į A n c e s to r s

(G e n 4 9 :2 9 )

95
 G o d in th e la n d
D ök '
mt S a c r ific e t o yo u r
(8 ) r ş
(E x o d 8 2 1 )
N o w b e fo re t h e e ld e r s o f
(9 ) ZP￥ - q
đi?! 7đ ] ,
N 3 ') 7 H o n o r M e

(1 S a m 1 5 :3 0 )
m pe o p le
ie s (J o s h 1 0 19 )
D đ i< al $ 1 Ð7 p u r s u e a fte r
en em
(10 ) ' ' ıo u F
p e o p le (J e r 2 7 : 12 )
(1 1 ) iæy ) in i< t Ņ3 s e r v e J ia A n d H is

hea r v o ic e
(1 2 ) '
? j » e tgi J Tlņ ￥ ? A n d n o w '
, T L so n , g y
(G e n 2 7 :8 )

Ŕ iu ill s p e a k (J o b 4 2 :4 )
(1 3 ) ıJ!S 1 N t Ðř (k ) H d L w
-
ear n o w ,
a n

(14 ) n J l ") '

iĐ￥ n￥qt( ) e
H ea r ,
o m y p e o p le ,
a n d I w ill

sp e a k (P s 5 0 7 )
(N 12 6 )
(1 5 " đT đ t»Pa H e a r n o w
«m ) k w o rds
-
u m
m y

(1 6 ) ir rđ ? 1TIJ » ? ' A n d s e r v e "

Hi o n ly (1 Sa m 7 3)

X V II 7 V er b rev ie w

(1 ) W r ite th e Q a l p e r fe c t fo r m s fo r gř n
(C f G 3 0 5 p 8 5 ) ,

(2 ) W r ite th e Q a l im p e r fe c t fo r m s fo r bgq (C f G 3 9 3 p 1 2 8 ) ,

(3 ) W r ite th e Qal im p e r a tiv e fo r m s fo r b Q e [C f G 4 8 1 (1 ) p 1 6 5 ] ,

(4 ) W r ite th e P i' e l p e r fe c t fo rm s fo r [ıa q ] (C f G 37 ,

T a b le 2 , P 1 14 )
(5 ) W r ite th e P i e l im p e r fe c t fo
'
rm s fo r [ı3 r r] (C f G 42 2 , p 14 0 )
(6 ) W r ite th e P i e '
l im p e r a tiv e fo rm fo r [ ıa ] [C f G 50 1 (1 ) p 1 6 9 ]
,

Qal In ıp Qal Im p v P i el Pe rf
'
P it e l Im p P i e ıIm p v
'

3 m s iq 9
3 m s ıa r l 3 m s ıa J
3 fs b i￠p n 3 fs
n r l 3 fs ıa 7q
2 mbipn s
ł
biiĐ 2 m s Ħi ä r r
￠r '
2 m s ıa ?q ıà 3
2 f qzpn
s
' ・
>q jÐ 2 fs
ņ7 ? 2 fs '
rJq '
Ș3
cs bialzp cs
'
nș? cs ıaJţ
3 pm 1りギ 수 3 cp
1 ı? 3 m p 1ı
3 fp nt?izpn
3 fp
rı
t7?q
二
二
2 pm \b t￠
ZPn
,
2 m p DıpTr 2 m p 1 ıJ q
2 fp n t?l￠zpn 2 fp
一 ï 】? 2 fp n t7 ȘJ ı
c p b i￠zpj c p U ! ı
Ș c p ıJ Ş
 L E SS O N X V II I

Fo o t n o te s

(a ) S o m N if l bs e s s e n tia lly p le
'
a
e v er a re re fle x iv e [c f G 3 6 1 (2 ) p ,
lo g i F o r ex am ,

ıe rıis tr a n s la te d "
G u a rd yo u rse lf ! " '
T a k e h e e d to y o lf! "
u rs e

(b ) D a g e s h fo r te o fte n d r o p s o u t o f c o n s o n a n ts p o in te d w ith a v o c a l s he v a (1 )
rı
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X V III 1 (8 ) a n d (9 ) p 93 o f th e p re se n t
, ,

ex e r c is e ,
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e l w it h a c a u s a t iv e se n se [c f G 3 6 2 (2 ) P ,
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.

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n￥t§
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w ith t h e p r im a r y
a cce n t fa llin g o n t h e la s t w o r d in th e u n it (c f G 4 , p 12 ) W o r d s lo s in g t h e ir
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"
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le m s r e s u ltin
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fo rm s o f th e sa m e w o rd )

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S tu d e n ts s h o u ld n o te th e s e c o n d fe m in in e s in g u la r fo rm d f t h e im p e r a tiv e a n d th e
sec o n d fe m in in e s in g u la r pro n o m in a l su ffix es in th is s e n te n c e (w o r d s a d d r e s s e d to
B a th s h e b a )

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・
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"
a
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(U T he n ho ta t i v e e n d in g o n t h is f ir s t p e r s o n im p e r fe c t fo rm
c o r e x p r e s s e s th e
sp ea ke łs (G o ď s ) d e te r m in a tio n to s p e a k (c f G 4 1 2 p 13 2 ) ,

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J đ (1 a t th e en d o f t h e p r e c e d in
g w o r d
 L E SSO N X V III

in a l s u ffix is a d d e d to a v erb
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,
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1 V o ca b u la r y R e v ie w C ir c le th e w o r d th a t do es n o t fit t h e c a te g o r y in d ic a te d

(1 ) v e r bs o f spea k in g t￥
rı [ıl r l] 3t￠ 1￥
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'
D J J ?ı alș [e n b ]
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(7 ) v e r bs o f p h y s ic a l p o s t u re 呷 コぎ 裂 コ蹭
(8 ) v e r bs o f d e s tr u c tio n N ı3 t￠ 1J Q n3
(9 ) v er bs o f b e in g (life ,
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(1 0 ) v e r bs o f in q u ir y [tpä] đ￥ h$ đ J?

2 M a tc h th e fo llo w in g

(A ) H e lp m e ! (P s 10 9 2 6 )

(B ) Se e k m e ! (Is a 4 5 19 )
(C ) Ju d g e m e ! (P s 35 24 )
(D ) R e m em be r m e ! (J u d g 16 2 8)
(E ) B le s s m e ! (G e n 2 7 :3 4 )
(F ) Sa ! (P s
v e m e 3 :8 ; E n g 3 7)
(G ) H ea l m e ! (J e r 17 14 )
(H ) P r a is e h im ! (P s 15 0 1)
(D W ite t h e m ! (P r o
r
v 3 :3 )
(J ) Sa ! (P s
v e u s 10 6 :4 7 )
(K ) T eac h it (fe m )! (D e u t 3 1 19 )
(L ) Se rv h im ! (1 C h r
e 28 9)

98
 L E S ȘQ X V III

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a c c e n ts a r e n o t

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B o th th e ・
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w o r d , e it h e r c o n so n a n t T ho se m a r k e d as in itia l
P o s t p o s it iv e s t a n d a t t h e e n d o f t h e w o r d e ith e r o v e r o r u n d e r t h e fin a l c o n s o n a n t ,

C o n s e q u e n tl 11 b l in th e w o r d m a y b e o t h e r t h a n t h a t
y in b o t h c a s e s t h e t o n e s y a e
,

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2 17
 P ro se A ccen ts

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n ą? L e ga rm e h

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2 18
 H EB R EW A CCEN TS

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2 19