ENGLISH TASK

Lecturer : Mrs. Nurliana, M.Pd.

Group : I

Members Of The Group:

1. Ferry Humaini (1703120020)

2. Muhammad Ramlinur (1703120028)
3. Muhammad Yusuf (1703120026)
4. Rusdi (1703120024)
5. Salman (1703120023)

ISLAMIC GUIDANCE COUNSELING STUDY PROGRAM

FACULTY USHULUDDIN, ADAB AND DA’WAH

PALANGKARAYA INSTITUTE OF ISLAMIC STUDY

 INTERPRETATION FROM THE SURA AL-BAQARAH 185

َ‫ش ِهد‬ َ ‫ان ۚ فَ َم ْن‬ ِ َ‫ت ِمنَ ْال ُهدَ ٰى َو ْالفُ ْرق‬ ٍ ‫اس َو َب ِينَا‬ ُ ‫ضانَ الَّذِي أ ُ ْن ِز َل ِفي ِه ْالقُ ْر‬
ِ َّ‫آن ُهدًى ِللن‬ َ ‫ش ْه ُر َر َم‬ َ
َّ ُ ‫سفَ ٍر فَ ِعدَّة ٌ ِم ْن أَي ٍَّام أُخ ََر ۚ ي ُِريد‬
‫َّللاُ ِب ُك ُم‬ َ ‫علَ ٰى‬َ ‫ضا أ َ ْو‬
ً ‫ص ْمهُ ۚ َو َم ْن َكانَ َم ِري‬ ُ ‫ش ْه َر فَ ْل َي‬
َّ ‫ِم ْن ُك ُم ال‬
َ‫علَ ٰى َما َهدَا ُك ْم َولَ َعلَّ ُك ْم ت َ ْش ُك ُرون‬ َّ ‫ْاليُس َْر َو ََل ي ُِريد ُ ِب ُك ُم ْالعُس َْر َو ِلت ُ ْك ِملُوا ْال ِعدَّة َ َو ِلت ُ َك ِب ُروا‬
َ َ‫َّللا‬

”The month of Ramadhan [is that] in which was revealed the Qur'an, a guidance for
the people and clear proofs of guidance and criterion. So whoever sights [the new moon of]
the month, let him fast it; and whoever is ill or on a journey - then an equal number of other
days. Allah intends for you ease and does not intend for you hardship and [wants] for you to
complete the period and to glorify Allah for that [to] which He has guided you; and perhaps
you will be grateful.”1

Understanding of Syahr :

The word syahr (meaning; month - calendar) is a fraction of the word isyhaar (meaning;
masyhur / famous), so named because everyone knows it.

Understanding of Ramadhan :

The word Ramadan is of hot significance. Named the month of Ramadan - at least - for
several reasons, namely;

1. In that month someone feels the heat / bitterness of fasting. that is, the person who is
fasting feels the heat / bitter fasting.
2. The moon coincides with summer.
3. The month is called Ramadan because the month removes sins.

1
Sahih International, https://quran.com/2/185.
Al-Quran was revealed in the month of Ramadan :

This verse is the proposition that the Qur'an was first revealed in the month of
Ramadan. Imam Ibn Kathir explained, "Allah Ta'ala praised the month of Ramadan among
other months. That is by choosing it as the month for the Al Azhim Qur'an to be revealed
”(Tafsir Ibnu Katsir, 1/501).

This verse is also a proposition that the Qur'an is the basis of Islamic law and it is
passed on to all humans, including Muslims or not, like Islam. Shaykh Muhammad bin Shalih
Utsaimin said: "The Qur'an is the foundation of Islamic sharia, the Prophet Muhammad
sallallaahu'alaihfffi Wasallam was sent with him to all humans.

Therefore, a person who has heard Islam but does not accept it cannot argue on the
Day of Judgment. Because Allah has revealed the Qur'an as a guide to the truth and nadziir
(warning). Al Jashash said: ini This verse (Al Baqarah 185) is proof of the falsehood of the
madhab mujabbirah that holds that God does not give guidance to unbelievers. Because in
this verse Allah preaches that He revealed the Qur'an as a guide for all human (Ahkamul
Qur’an, 1/222).

The law of fasting when safar and sick :

‫سفَ ٍر فَ ِعدَّة ٌ ِم ْن أَي ٍَّام أُخ ََر‬ َ ‫ضا أ َ ْو‬

َ ‫علَى‬ ً ‫َو َم ْن َكانَ َم ِري‬

"And whoever is sick or on a journey (then he breaks the fast), then (it is obligatory for him
to fast), as many days as he leaves, on other days"2

This is explained about the law of fasting for people who are safari or sick. Ibn Kathir
explained, "he means those who suffer from illness to endanger themselves if they are
fasting, or at least able to provide interference, or who are having safekeeping, they may not
fast. If they don't fast, they must replace it on other days. "(Tafsir Ibni Katsir, 1/503).

The sick person cannot be separated from three conditions:

1. Mild sick and fasting do not give much influence. Then the law is forbidden to leave
fasting.

2
Sahih International, https://quran.com/2/184.
 2. Sick is not severe, but fasting will provide difficulties or distress. So the law is
fasting, and it is recommended not to fast.
3. Sick is severe, will endanger him if fasting. Then the law is forbidden to fast at that
time.
Understanding

Safar, generally filled with distress and fatigue, especially at that time. The Prophet
sallallaahu'alaihi Wasallam said:

‫ب‬ ْ ِ‫سفَ ُر ق‬
ِ ‫ط َعةٌ ِمنَ ال َعذَا‬ َّ ‫ل‬

"Safar is a piece of adzab"

(HR. Bukhari 1804, Muslim 1927)

Therefore Ar Rahman (Asmaul Husna) gives convenience to his servants who are
patient not to fast. But the scholars have different opinions about whether the traveler is more
fast or not? Strong opinion, the law is considered according to the circumstances:

 If a traveler fasts or not, it's not much different. So it is more important to fast, even though
you may not fast. Because there were some friends who fasted during safari with the Prophet
sallallaahu'alaihi Wasallam and he did not forbid it. In addition to fasting in the month of
Ramadan, it means faster fulfillment of obligations than postponed outside Ramadan. In
addition, you can run fast with many people, rather than outside Ramadan.
 If fasting is possible to give trouble to him, it is recommended not to fast.
 If fasting is sure to give him great difficulties, then it is forbidden to fast at that time
(See Syarhul Mumthi ', 6/344)

It is possible for travelers and sick people not to fast is proof that God makes it easy for His
servants in His Shari'a.

‫َّللاُ ِب ُك ُم ْاليُس َْر َو ََل ي ُِريد ُ ِب ُك ُم ْالعُس َْر‬

َّ ُ‫ي ُِريد‬

"God wants convenience for you, and does not want trouble for you"

It is possible for travelers and sick people not to fast is proof that God makes it easy
for His servants in His Shari'a. As said by the Prophet Shallallahu'alaihi Wasallam:
 ‫اربُوا َوأ َ ْبش ُِروا‬ َ َّ‫ َولَ ْن يُشَادَّ ال ِدينَ أ َ َحد ٌ ِإَل‬، ‫ِإ َّن ال ِدينَ يُس ٌْر‬
َ َ‫ ف‬، ُ‫غلَبَه‬
ِ َ‫س ِدد ُوا َوق‬
"Actually religion is easy. People who are excessive in religion will suffer. Then istiqomah,
or approaching istiqomah, then be prepared to receive good news "(HR. Bukhari no. 39)

Shaykh Abdurrahman bin Nashir As Sa'di explained the meaning of the hadith, "That
is, Islam is light and easy, both in the aqeedah, morals, deeds of worship, orders and
prohibitions ... everything is light and easy. Every mukallaf will feel able to carry it out,
without difficulty and without feeling burdened. Islamic Aqeedah is mild, will be accepted by
a healthy and righteous nature. Obligations in Islam are also very easy cases (Bahjah Qulub
Al Abrar, 1/106)

All Shari'a laws, whether compulsory, sunnah, makruh or haram, must be easy, because they
do not exceed the limits of human capacity.