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7.3.6 l13MepeHlll! B116pau111i CJieeyeT rrpoBOJlllTh rrp11 pa60Te MexaHH3Ma B ycrnHoBJieHHOM 1111arra-
30He TeMrrepazyp.

8 IIpueMO'IHble 3Ha11eHHJ1

Tpe6oBaHlll! K B116porrepeMerueH11JO BaJia 11 B116pocKopocT11 KOprryca, KaK noKaJaHo Ha pncyHKax I


11 2, J1aJOT o6IUYJO ocHoBy JIJlll cpaBHeHHll Ka'!ecTBa 113roToBJieHlll! MexaHH3MOB. B Ka)!(JIOM KOHKpeTHOM
C.'IY'lae MaKCHMaJibHOe JIOJ1YCTllMOe 3Ha'leHHe napaMel"pa BH6pau1111 ycrnHaBJIHBaJOT B COOTBeTCTBllll c
JlaHHbIMH pHCYHKaMH Ha OCHOBe comaweHHll Me)!(Jly H3fOTOBHTeJieM H ITOl"pe6nTeJieM. PeweH11e 0
rrp11eMKe MOJKeT 6b!Tb rrpHHllTO Ha OCHOBe OJIHOfO KpHTepHll JIJlll BH6paun11 BCero MexaHll3Ma B uenoM
HJIH JKe ITO HeCKOJlbKllM KpHTeplll!M JIJlll Ka)!(JIOro BaJia HJIH MeCTa H3MepeHHll BH6paunn B OT,l\eJibHOCTH.
B rrpnnoJKeH1111 C rrpnBeJ1eHbI opneHTnpono'lHbie KJiaccbI B116paunn JIJlll TllITH'lHhIX ycnoBni1 npnMeHeHHll
MexaHH3MOB.
8.1 AMrumzy11.3 BH6prunm
IlapaMel"pbl BH6paunn H306paJKaJOT B Bl!Jle rpa<jmKOB JaBllCllMOCTH OT qacTOTbl (pHCYHKll 1 H 2).
Ilp11 llCJ10Jlb30BaHHll ,l\aHHbIX rpa<j>HKOB B KaqecTBe Kp11Teplll! JIOITycKaeTCll HaJIH'!He OJIHOBpeMeHHO
HeCKOJibKHX COCTaBJillJOIUHX BH6paunn Ha pa3Hb!X qacTOTaX rrp11 YCJIOBHH, 'ITO Ka)!(Jlal! 113 TaKHX COCTaB-
JillJOIUllX HaxO,l\HTCll HHJKe rpaHHUbl, orrpeJ1eJilleMOH COOTBeTCTByJOIUei1 KpHBOH. )],Jill rrpnMeHeHlll! JlaH-
HOro KpHTepHll Heo6XOJlllMO HMeTb 06opyJ10BaHne JIJill qacTOTHOro aHaJIH3a BH6paunn. Ilpn 3TOM
COITOCTaBJieH11e rrapaMel"pOB BH6paunn c KpHBb!MH, npnBe,l\eHHb!MH Ha pHCYHKax I H 2, JIOnycKaeTCll
TOJibKO B TOM CJiyqae, eCJIH JlaHHOe o6opy,l\oBaHHe o6Jia,l\aeT pa3peweHHeM, JIOCTaTO'lHblM JIJlll pa3JleJieHHll
coce,l\HHX qacTOTHblX COCTaBJillJOIUHX (JIHCKpeTHbIX ITllKOB).
8.1. l Ilonoca qacToT
Heo6XOJIHMO HMeTb B BllJIY, 'ITO ump11Ha ITOJIOCbl aHaJIH3a, HCJ10Jlb3YeMal! KOHKpeTHb!M o6opyJIOBa-
HMeM, HanpttMep TpeTb OKTaBhl IDIH COOTBeTCTByIDI.IJ;ruI pa3pemeHHIO ITO qaCTOTe rrpH ocymecTBJieHHH
6b!Cl"p0f0 npeo6pa3oBaHHll <l>ypbe, MOJKeT ITOBJilll!Tb Ha pe3yJibTaT 113MepeHllH B JIJ06yJO CTOpOHY B
3aBHCHMOCTH OT ueHl"paJibHOH '!aCTOTbl ITOJIOCbl II xapaKTepa cnyqafiHOR B116pau11n B cneKl"pe qacTOT.
8.1.2 06rua>I Bn6paullll
EcJIH qacTOTHhlli crreKTp BH6paU,MH HeH3BeCTeH H ITO KaKttM-JIH6o npMqttHaM He MO)KeT 6bITb
ITOJiy'ieH, JIJlll peweHllll 0 npneMKe MOJKHO BOCUOJib30BaTbCll OJIHllM H3 cJie,l\yJOIUHX MeTOJIOB (HJIH 060HM11):
a) pe3yJibTaTbl HCITb!TaHllR C'lHTaJOT npneMJieMblMll, eCJill o6r.unfi CllrHaJI BH6pocKopocTH Kopnyca,
cneKl"p KOToporo conoCTaBJillJOT c COOTBeTCTBYJOIUefi KpHBOR p11CYHKa 2, He npeBbIWaeT MaKCHMaJihHOro
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nonoce t.J.aCTOT c KpHBhIM11, np11se.ueHHbIMJ1 Ha p11cy1raax 1 H 2, BMeCTO COCTaBJHllOIUHX CHrHaJia B Y3KMX rronocax
'-:IaCTOT npHBO.UHT K 6onee )KCCTKHM 'fPC60Ba.HIDIM K BH6pau11H MCXaHH3Ma, eCJIH TOJibKO He HJBCCTHO, l{TQ 06IU11H
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8.2 Onelll!Jl no H3MepeHHllM uu6ponepeMemeHHll B8Jla


Pa3Max BH6poITepeMell\eHIDI Balla Mo>KeT 6bITb KJiaccmpHI..\HpoBaH s cooTBeTCTBHH c pHCyttKOM 1.
BH6pau,Hll Balla 6y.11eT OTHOCHTbCll K TOMY KJiaccy, KPHBa5t KOToporo Jie>KHT HH>Ke Bcex Kpl!Bb!X, ITpeBbl-
lllalOil\HX 3Ha'!eHHll <jlHJihTPOBaHHoro cHmalla ITepeMemeHID! B Ka>K.noit rnqKe JlHaITa3oHa qacToT 113Mepe-
HHif. Kllacc Bl16paU,llH )J.Jlll MexaHll3Ma B u,eJIOM OITpe,!leJilllOT 110 Ha1160Jibllleit BH6pau,HH ITO BCeM
ll3MepeHIUIM BH6paUHll Balla.
8.3 011ellKll no H3MCpeHHllM eu6panuu Kopnyca
Cpe.11Hee KBa)\paTH'leCKoe 3Ha'!eHHe BH6pocKopocTH Koprryca MO>KeT 6b!Tb KJiaccH<jlHJIHpoBaHo B
COOTBeTCTBHll c pHCyttKOM 2. l·faMepeHHal! B OITpe.11eJieHHOit TO'!Ke B1!6pauHll Koprryca 6y.11eT OTHOCl!TbCll
K TOMY KJiaccy, KPHBa5t KOTOporo Jie>KHT HH>Ke Bcex Kpl!Bb!X, ITpeBbillla!Oll(HX om6a10ll1YIO CITeKTPa
BH6pau1m. Kl!acc BH6paUHH = MexaHH3Ma B ueJIOM orrpe,!leJilllOT ITO HaH60Jibllleit BH6paUHll no BCeM
TO'!KaM H3MepeHHif.

9 IJpOTOKOJI HCilblTaHHH

IlpoTOKOJI llCITbITaHHif .110JI>KeH BKJIIO'laTb HH<jlopMaU,HIO, YKa3aHHYIO B 9.1-9.5.


9 .1 IlpC/IIIPHlITHC-H3fOTOBHTe.Jlb
YKa3b!BalOT THIT H M0.11eJib HCIIbrryeMoif 3yfiqarnit nepe.11a'IH.
9.2 IlapaMCT[JLI
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xapaKTepHCTHKll Kpe!1lleHIUI H COITpl!>KeHIUI.
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HpHJio>KeHHeM qepTe>Ka H YKa3aHHeM Bcex pa3MepoB.
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IlpHB0.11llT rrepeqeHb Bcero HCITOJlh3yeMoro B rrpou,ecce HC!Tb!TaHHif H3MepHTeJibHOro 06opy.110BaHHll
c yKa3aHHeM THITa H H3roTOBH.TeJI.SI.
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YKa3bIBalOT pe3yJibTaTbl H3MepeHHif )J.Jlll Ka>K.!(Oit H3MepHTeJlbHOit TQqKH, B 'IHCJIO KOTOpb!X MOryT
BX0.11HTb:
a) o6mee 3Ha'!eHHe BH6paUHH;
6) OCHOBHbie '!aCTOTHb!e COCTaBJill!Oll(He BH6pau;rn H HX aM!1JIHTy.11bI;
B) COCTaBJilllOll\He CITeKTPa BH6pauHH B Y3KllX JIOJIOCax '!aCTOT.
C!>JIYKTyHpy!OlllHe rroKa3aHID! C'IHThIBa10mero ycTPoifcrna .!IOJI>KHbI 6bITh ycpe.11HeHhI.

6
rocT P Meo 8579-2-99

CTp11Jio)KettHe A
( crrpaBO'!Hoe)

BJIH>U1He cropommx HCTO'IHHKOB ee6paQllH


A. l Ha:ma~eBHe
l13MepHeMaJI BH6pau.IDI MeXaHl13Ma BKJHO\:laeT B ce6SI He TOJlhKO BH6pau.mo CaMOfO MexaHH3Ma, HO TaIOKe H
COCTilBJUllOlllHe OT .upyni:x HCT01IHHKOB CHCTeMhl, B COCTaB KOTOpoH BXO.UHT .UattHhlii MeXattHJM. 11.JMepettttoe 3Ha'-leHHe
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CBoero pacnpocrpaHCHHJI K TO\:IKe H3MepeHH.SL B H3CTOHIUeM npHJIO)l(CHHH )'K333Hhl HeCKOJI:bKO HCTO"IHHKOB BH6pa-
UHH' KOTOphie cne.nyer npHHHM3Tb BO BHHM3HHe npH ouettKe BH6paUHOHHOfO COCTOHHlUI MexaHH3M3.
A.2 TllIUl'llllJe cjJllXTOpw, ODJHmemnow;ae BH6p:uuuo CHCTilMhl
IloMHMO Toro, l:ITO 3TH <PrucrophI BJllliUOT H3 pe3yJihT3T HJMepettHH BH6paI\HH rrpH npHeMKe MeXaHH3M3, OHH
Moryr T3IOKe BJIHHTb Ha pa6ory MCXaHHJMa B rrepHOJl era 3KCI1JiyaTaUMH. l13rOTOBHTeJih MeXaHH3Ma He tteceT
oTBeTcTBettttocTb 3a KaKHe-JI1160 tte)l(enareJihHbie nocne.ncTBIDI so3,neticrn11ti 3THX ¢rucropon n npouecce 3KcrmyaTaiu111
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a) HcTOl.JHHKH, neHcTBYJOIUHe B npouecce pa3rotta .JlBHraTeJHJ BHyrpettttero cropaHHSl.
6) Hcro1:1HHKM, .n.eticrnyiomHe B npoueccc pa3rotta TH,lI,paBJIH4ecKoro .n:e11raTellil.
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r.11.).
B) CJ1yqalitthie y11apHbie Harpy3KH (py11011po611JIKH H T.Jl.).
A.2.3 Oco6eHHOCTH c6opKH
a) HecoOCHOCTh B COC,llHHCHHSIX 3JleMeHTOB CHCTeMhJ.
6) HeypasttoaerneHHOCTb c6opKH B 1.1,e110M, a TaJOKe ee 1:1acTeH H OT.UCJihHhIX 3JICMCHTOB.
A.2.4 XapmrrepHCTHKH, CBJ13llllllhle c yrJlOBWMH KOJIC63HHHMH
a) )l(ecTKOCTh COCllHHeHHti.
6) )i(ecTKOCTh IIPH Kpy4eHmL
B) MoMCHT HHCPUHH BpamaroIUHXCSI 3JICMCHTOB.
r) L{eMmj:mpoBaHHe B coe11HHeHHHX.
A.2.5 XapmrrepHCTlll<ll, CBJ13llllllhlf c nocrynarem.HhIM llBHlKCBHeM
a) fiOJlBIDKHOCTb OCHOB3HHSI.
6) Cnoco6w KpeIJJieHHJI.
B) fH6KOCTb 3JICMCHTOB.
r) Mac ca 3JieMCHTOB.
A.2.6 Harpy:11<a H CKOPOCTh
a) HanpaBJieHHe Bpa.JUeHHJI.
6) CKopocTb BpameHHJI.
B) 3tta1:1eHHe ttarpy3KH.
A.3 Bmuume CTOpoHHHX HCT01111HKOB Ba MecTe 3KCllJIY3T31lHH
<l>aKTOpbl, nepelJ:HCJICHHblC B A.2, MOfYT OK33aTb BJIIDJHHC Ha pa6ozy 3y6qaToti nepe)lal{H Ha MCCTC 3Kcru1yaTa-
UHH. 06bl1IHO BJJHHHHC YKaJa.HHbIX <PaKTopon He MO)l(eT KOHTpOJIHpOB3ThCH H3fOTOBHTeJieM. Ilo3TOMY H3fOTOBHTeJih
He HeCeT OTBCTCTBCHHOCTH 3a Jil06bIC He)l(eJiaTCJibHble IlOCJICllCTBIDI BJIIDIHIDI CTOpOHHHX ¢>axropoB B nepHO)l
3KCTIJiyaTaIJ,HH MeXattl13Ma.
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IlpHJio)l(eHHe B
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B.l Ha:ma'leHHe
B HaCTOHlUCM rrpHJIO)l(CHHH nepel.fHCJICHbI cpe)lCTBa H3MepeHIDi BH6paU:HH H TC xapaKTepHCTHKH cpe.ucrn
H3MepeHHti, KOTOpble llOJDKHbI rrpHHHMaTbCH BO BHHMattHe npH npoBC)lCHHH H3MepeHHH BH6pauHH 3y64aTbIX
MexaHH3MOB.
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OTIMCblBalOJllYJO COCTOHHHe MeX3ID13Ma. B HeKOTOpblX CJIYl.fil.SIX rrpH npoBe,a.eHHH HCIIbITaHHti 1.1,eJiecoo6p3.3HO HCI10Jib-
30BaTb .D,3TY.HK11 KaK a6coJUOTHOfO, T3K H OTHOCHTCJihHOfO BH6ponepeMemeHHSI.

7
fOCT P HCO 8579-2-99

XorH 3TH ,uBa BH,na BH6pauHOHHblX HJMepeHHH CBH3aHhl MeJK,lly co6oH, .naHHbie, nonyqaeMbie c HX noMOIUblO,
rpe6yior npa.Bl11IbHOit HHTepnperaUMH.
paJJJHl.JHbl H
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OT 00,llllIHTIHHKa) TI03BOJUUOT OUeHHTb CTCJICHb BH6poaKTHBHOCTH MeXaHH3Ma B TOY.Ke H3MepeHHH B Ja,naHHOM pexrnMe
npose.neHHSI HCilbITaHHH. IlocKoJibK)' B .UaHHOM CJiyttae p3CCM3TpHB3eTCH a6COJI10THaJl BH6paUHH, HCTIOJlh3YCM8.}l rrpH
HCilblTaHHHX onopa .UOJDKH3 no CBOHM xapaKTepHCTHK3M 6b1Tb aHaJIOfHl.JH3 TOH, qro 6y.ner HCilOJih30Ba.Ha npH
3KCTIJiyarauHH MCX3HH3M3. Pe30HaHChl KOHCTPYJCUHH onopbl, HCilOJlhJyeMoH npH HCilhlTaHIDIX, .llOJI)l(Hhl orcyrcrno-
B3Tb, no KpaHtteH Mepe, B .llHaTia30He CKOpOCTetf, Ha KOTOpbIX npOBO)UIT HCflbITaHIDl. l13Mepettttble napaMeTpbI
BH6paUHH 3aBHCHT OT CBOfiCTB coe)J.HHeHHH Mex,ny BpaIII.alOIUHMHCH qacTHMH MeXaHH3Ma H KOpnycaMH OO.ll111HTIHHKOB.
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11aCTb KOJie6attHH BaJia npH nepe.uaqe Ha Koprryc IIO,llIIIHilHHK3 MO)KeT 6bITh B 6oJibWei1 HJIH MeHbIIIefi CTeneHH
OCJI36JieHa MaCJIHHOti IUieHKOH. TiocKOJihKY Ha CBOtiCTBa MaCJIHHOH TIJICHKH BJIHHlOT CKOpOCTb Bpame11ID1, MOMeHT
ttarpy3KH H COCTaB CMa3KH, Bee 3TJ1 l{JaKTOpbl )lOJl)l(HbJ npHHHMaTbCH BO BHHMaHHe npH oueHKe CTeneHM BH6poaK-
THBHOCTH Kopnyca IlO.ll111HilHHKa. B qacrnocrn, COCTaBJIHlOW:He KOJie63HHti BaJia Ha o6opornofi H y.neoetttto:ti
o6opoTHOH qacTOTe ( o6bJllHO BCJie)lCTBHC )J.HC6aJiattca H HCCOOCHOCTII) npH HH3KOM MOMeHre ttarpy3KH MOryr cna6o
npe.uaeaTbCH Ha Koprryc IlO,lllllHilHHKOB, HO npH BhICOKHX ttarpy3Kax ypoBeHb 3TOfi BH6pa.u;HH MO}KCT B03p3CT3Tb.
BwcoKoqacTOTHbIC KOJie6aHHH Ha qacroTe JauerrneHIUI 3y6beB TaJOKe MOryT BHOCHTb CYIUCCTBCHHhlti BKil3,ll H JlCDKe
.UOMHHHPOB3Tb B BH6paUHH Koprryca.
[lns H3MepettHH BH6pauirn: Koprryca HCil01Ib3YJOT .na'J'l.l"HKH CKOpOCTM MH ycKopeHJ.UI. .LJ;uana30H JJHHe:tiHOCTH
)1.JIH )J.3TlJHK3 CKOpOCTH 33BHCHT OT CfO THila, HO 06bll..JHO HaxO,llHTCH B npeJJ,eJiax 10-2500 fu, T.e. IlpH BblCOKOH
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npHMeHettHe aKceJiepoMeTpa, )],H3Ila30H pa6o4HX qacTOT KOTOporo .uo 10 Kfu H Bblllle. IlpH npHMeHeHHM aKCeJiepo-
MeTpa tteo6xo.uHMbl 3JieKrpOHHbie ycrpo:ticTBa cor11acosattHH cHrnarra. EcJIH cHrHan c aKce11epoMe1J>a noJJ,nepraeTCH
HHTerpHpOBaHHJO ,UJIH npeo6p33oBaHHH ero B CHfHaJI CKOpocrn, oco6oe BHHMaHHe .UOJDKHO 6bITb YJJ,aJICHO orpaHM11e-
HHlO BJIIDIHllil HH3KOlJaCTOTHbIX UI)'MOB. KpoMe TOfO, cneJJ,yeT y6e)J.HTbCH, lJTO MCTO)], Kpef1J1eHHH Ll,a'J'IHKa Il03BOJIHeT
npoBO)UfTb H3MepeHHH B 33,llaHHOM ,uHana30He qacror.
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