Experiment-10

AIM : To study the opamp based general impedance converter circuit by implementing a band pass
filter.

APPARATUS REQUIRED : IC 741 (opamp) (Qty-3), Resistors (Qty-6, ), Capacitors (10nF,10nF), signal
generator, digital storage oscilloscope (DSO), connecting wires, breadboard, probes, DC regulated supply
(-15V to 15V)

THEORY:
The first circuit shown above can be used to simulate an inductor by taking Z4 as a capacitor and the
other impedances as resistances of suitable values. Then the relation

Zin=Z1*Z3*Z5/Z2*Z4
will yield an inductor of certain value. The design of this circuit is usually based on taking the resistors of
equal values say R and a capacitor of suitable value say C

L=C*R*R
Many inductance simulation circuits have been discovered but the above circuit also called Antoniou
simulation circuit is considered to be the best.

The second circuit is that of a bandpass filter. It allows frequencies corresponding to a particular band to
transmit and rejects other frequencies. It peaks at a frequency given by

Fo=1/2*π*(LC)^0.5
The transmission decreases on both sides of this frequency.

PROCEDURE:

1. Design the inductor as per the circuit diagram given above.

2. Using a voltage buffer design the bandpass filter.
3. Apply a sinusoidal signal of certain amplitude and frequency.
4. Vary the frequency around the point for which the filter has been designed and take
observations.

OBSERVATIONS

The output of the circuit is sinusoidal whose amplitude varies with frequency as expected.
CALCULATIONS

Fo=1.5kHz

Bandwidth = 2* 3.14* 1.414 * 1500= 13319.88 Hz

R1=R2=R3=R4=15K

C1=C2=10nF

L=15*15*10^(-2)=2.25H

R6= 2.25*13319.88=30K

RESULT

The GIC based bandpass filter has been studied and implemented for 1.5 kHz.

PRECAUTIONS

1. Bias the circuit before switching on the input signal.

2. Ensure that the opamps are biased at the proper terminals and with the correct voltages.
3. Check the connections before switching on the power supply.