1. What is the purpose of studying physiology?

To explain the fundamental mechanisms that operate in a living organism and how
they interact.
2. What is the order of the structural organization from
smallest to largest? (6 levels)
Chemical Level, Cellular Level, Tissue Level, Organ Level, Organ System Level,
Organismal Level.
3. What does the human body need for survival?
Physiological needs include air, water, food, shelter, sanitation, touch, sleep, and
personal space
4. What is homeostasis?
The tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent
elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes.
5. What is the anatomical position?
The erect position of the body with the face directed forward, the arms at the side,
and the palms of the hands facing forward.
6. What does sagittal mean?
Relating to or denoting the suture on top of the skull that runs between the parietal
bones in a front to back direction.
7. What are the directional terms of the human body?
(see image below)

Anterior At or near the front of the body (front view)

Posterior At or near the back of the body (back view)

Midline An imaginary vertical line that divides the body

equally (right down the middle)

Lateral Farther from midline (side view)

Medial Nearer to midline (side view)

 Superior Toward the head/upper part of a structure
(bird’s-eye view, looking down)

Inferior Away from the head/lower part of a structure

(bottom view, looking up)

Superficial Close to the surface of the body

Deep Away from the surface of the body

Proximal Nearer to the origination of a structure

Distal Farther from the origination of a structure

8. What organs belong to each system? (11 systems)

Circulatory system: heart, blood, blood vessels, and lymphatics

Digestive system: esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and colon

Endocrine system: pituitary, thyroid, ovaries, and testes

Immune system: organs (including lymphatics and spleen), special

cells, proteins, and tissues

Integumentary system: skin, hair, nails, and sweat glands

Muscular system: muscles

Nervous system: brain, spinal cord, and nerves

Reproductive system: uterus, penis, ovaries, and testes

Respiratory system: nose, larynx, trachea, diaphragm, bronchi, and

lungs
Skeletal system: bones, cartilage, and joints

Urinary system: kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra

9. Study the pictures of the Directional and Plane

10. What are the four subdivisions of the human body? (Ventral and Dorsal body cavities.
The lungs, heart, stomach, and intestines.
11. Did you fill out your FAFSA information? Why not? You know it is important, so please
GET IT DONE! :)
No,but today my economics teacher says we are