1.

Chapters 1-5
a. Adam was not given absolute authority over the world and his children
▪ His heirs also don't have this authority
▪ no one may claim rights because no one knows his heirs
b. Different types of power
▪ paternal
▪ Familial
▪ political- make laws for protection and regulation, for the public good
c. Natural instincts or state of nature- no one has power over another
▪ may not abuse others
▪ Everyone may execute natural laws
▪ Everyone begins in a state of nature
d. War is destruction because one person attempts to take another life
▪ people may kill in self defense
• If any aggression challenges the others freedom
e. War and nature are not the same
▪ nature- people living together without a superior
• want of a common judge- state of nature
f. War in society vs war in nature
▪ society- war ends when the actual force is over
▪ nature- not done until there are reparations
• until then the loser may punish the winner
g. If there common authority sucks, only war may happen
h. People enter society to avoid war
i. Natural liberty- persons right to be ruled solely by the laws of nature
j. Social liberty- right to be under no legislative power other than that founded by the consent
of the commonwealth
k. No one may voluntarily be a slave
▪ the only possible state of slavery is the extension of the state of war
l. Earth is for common use of the people
▪ people may own their own bodies
• when people add their labor to an external object they may own it
▪ people may only own what they may reasonably use
m. Money never goes bad, so it may be used for ever
2. Chapter 7
a. Civil society- united body of individuals under the power of an executive
▪ executive protects property and well being
▪ legislative power makes laws, while executive enforces
b. Absolute monarchies place not common authority over all
▪ people lack the comfort of the others system
▪ This is why there must be a legislative and executive part
3. Chapter 8
a. governing factor must be the majority
▪ all societies began with people deciding to enter into them
4. Chapter 10
a. people choose their form of government
5. Chapter 11
 a. Legislative power- most important part of the government
▪ first rule- preservation of society
▪ no one else may make laws
▪ everyone must obey their laws
▪ laws must apply equally to all, for the good of the people, not raise taxes without
consent
b. people in long term office may consider themselves not part of society
▪ power may not be transferred
6. Chapter 12
a. legislature does not need to always be in session
▪ no need for constant new laws
▪ could lead to abuse
b. executive must be constantly active
▪ laws must always be enforced
c. International relations are governed by natural laws
▪ federal power- in charge of international relations, often conjoinded with executive
power
7. Chapter 13
a. people may change their legislation
▪ community is the supreme power
b. Within the government, legislature is supreme
▪ executive does not control the legislation
• when it tries, it is an act of war against the people
c. If a state suddenly changes representative numbers may need to change
8. Chapter 14
a. somethings arise before there are laws to deal with them
▪ in these cases the executive may make a decision
▪ I don't know what the fuck is going on
9. Chapter 18
a. Tyranny- the exercise of power beyond right
▪ A just leader works for the people, a tyrant breaks laws
▪ Any executive which stops working to benefit the people is a tyranny
b. Why people wont oppose the government
▪ sanctity of the executive
▪ faith that laws will make it so force is not needed
▪ fear that they will not be successful in overthrowing
10. Chapter 19
a. When government no longer works it needs to be replaced
▪ occurs in tyranny
b. once the government is gone, people have the freedom to make whatever government they
please
c. This doesn't cause tons of rebellion because
▪ people are slow to change
▪ people will only rebel in extreme cases
▪ It is possible to change laws without rebellion
d. A king may lose his thrown by abusing his power
▪ The people may judge when the king has abused his power
e. The power the individual gave to society may never revert to the individual