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Raga Al-Habag Building

Mechanical Smoke Ventilation Calculations


For Basement , Ground &mezz. Floors ( shops)

Mechanical Ventilation system for basement floor


# Assumptions:-
Fire Area = 3x3 = 9 sq.m
Smoke Plume High (Y) = 2.5 M
Total height (H) = 3.5 M
Smoke layer thickness (db) = H - Y = 1 M
Floor Area = 1050 sq.m

# Determining the heat release


Q = q x A …………………………(1)
where q = 550 KW/sq.M ( for shops)
Refference :- BS7436 tables with aid of NFBA 204M tables .
From equation (1)
Qs = 4950 kw

# Determining smoke mass flow rate Ms


Ms = 0.188 PY 3/2 ………………… (2)
where P = Fire Perimeter = 12 M
Y = Clear height of smoke plume = 2.5 M
From equation (2)
Ms = 0.188 x12 x 2.53/2
Ms = 8.9 kg/s.

# Determining plume temperature rise :


Qs
dT = ………….(3)
Ms x Cps

dT = 550 K
And
Ts = To + DT …………………….(4)
Where :
Ts = Smoke temp.
To =Ambient temp. = 303 K

Ts = 853 K

# Determining the required air flow rate :

Ms Ts
V = ……………….(5)
To ps
Where :-
V = Required air volumetric flow rate
ps = Smoke density = 1.2 Kg/m3

V = 20.9 M3/Sec.

= 44,326 CFM ~~= 45,000 CFM

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# Determining duct size and fan static pressure :-

V = A X v ………………………….(8)
Where v = volumetric flow rate for one fan = 45,000 cfm
OR. v = volumetric flow rate for one fan = 20.9 M3/Sec.
A = duct cross sec. Area
V = desired air velocity in the duct = 6 M/Sec.

A = 3.49 M2
Static pressure ( in.wg) = 0.5 + duct friction loss
where duct friction loss = 0.5 in.wg
Total Static pressure ( in.wg) = 1 in.wg.

Conclusion :
System Description :
Exhaust Smoke Fans :
Qty. : 2 Nos. Fans/Zone
Capacity: 22,500 cfm (each)
Type : Tubilar ducted
Location : Roof Top

Duct Size = 15.00 Sq.ft = 60" X 22"


Duct Size = 1.39 Sq.M = 152 X 56 CM

# Determining fresh air intake area :


No. of entrances and doors = 2 doors
Average door size (m) = 2.2 (width) , 2 (height)
= 4.4 m2
Total fresh air intake area = 8.8 m2

V = AXv ………………………….(8)

Where V = The required fresh air supply


= 6 CFM
= 6.0 M3/Sec.
Assuming average air velocity through doors to be 2m/s ( to allow door opening for
occupants evacuation )
A= 3.00 m2
The required area is less than doors and enterance areas
SO, Enterance area is sufficient as fresh air supply openings .
Fresh Air Fans:
Fresh Air Fans capacity shall be half of exhaust air capacity depending on the doors and enterances
opening to deliver adequate fresh air amount for the other half of the floor area .

Fresh Air properties shall be :


Nunmers: 2 No. Fan
Capacity: 11,250 cfm
Type : Tubilar ducted
Location : Roof Top
Total Static pressure ( in.wg) = 1 in.wg.

GENERAL

- All fans used in smoke management and exhaust system ( exhaust and fresh air fans )
shall be capable to withstand 200 oC temp.for 30 min.

- All fans shall be interconnected with fire allarm panel for automatic operation also, shall be
provided with ON /OFF switch near enterances for manual operation by occupants.

23/6/05
Raga Al Habag Building

Left Well Pressurization fan For elevators .

No. Of Stops = Gr. + 6 Floors + Service Floor = 8 Floors

No. Of elevators = 2 Nos.

No. Of Elev.Doors = 1 (Gr.) + 6 (Typical Floors) + Service Floor = 8 Doors

Elev. Door Size :-


W = 0.8 M
H = 2.0 m

Qe = KAe (P)1/2

Where :
Ae = 0.003 x ((( 2.0 + 0.8 ) x 2) + 2.0 ) x 8 = 0.18 M2

K = 0.839
P = 50 Pascal.

Qe = 0.839 x Ae x (50)1/2

Qe = 1.1 M3/Sec. = 38.2 CFM

In Case One Door Opened :

Where :-
A = Door Area
V = Air Velocity = 0.75 m/sec.
Af = Area Factor = 0.6

VA 0.75 x 2.0 x 0.8


Qo = = = 2.00 M3/Sec.
Af 0.6

= 4236 CFM

Conclusion :
System Description :
Left Well Pressurization fan For elevators .
Qty. : 1 Nos. Fan/Elev. well
Capacity : 4,500 cfm (each)
Type : Tube Axial Fan
Location : Left Well Wall at Roof

23/6/05
Raga Al Habag Building

Elevator Lobby Pressurization System

No. Of Floors = Gr. + 6 Floors + Service Floor = 8 Floors

No. Of Doors = 1 (Gr.) + 6 (Typical Floors) + Service Floor = 8 Doors

Door Size :-
W = 0.9 M
H = 2.0 m

Qe = KAe (P)1/2

Where :
Ae = 0.003 x ((( 2.0 + 0.9 ) x 2) + 2.0 ) x 8 = 0.19 M2

K = 0.839
P = 50 Pascal.

Qe = 0.839 x Ae x (50)1/2

Qe = 1.1 M3/Sec. = 39.2 CFM

In Case One Door Opened :

Where :-
A = Door Area
V = Air Velocity = 0.75 m/sec.
Af = Area Factor = 0.75

VA 0.75 x 2.0 x 0.9


Qo = Af = 0.75 = 1.80 M3/Sec.

= 3812 CFM
Conclusion :
System Description :
Left Well Pressurization fan For elevators .
Qty. : 1 Nos. Fan/stair case
Capacity : 4,500 cfm (each)
Type : Tube Axial Fan
Location : Roof

1- Provide one no. fresh air pressurized fan located on each stair case roof

23/6/05
of 4,500 CFM & 1.5 In.wg.

23/6/05
Raga Al Habag Building

Stair Case Pressurization For Internal Stairs .

No. Of Floors = Gr. + 6 Floors + Service Floor = 8 Floors

No. Of Doors = 1 (Gr.) + 6 (Typical Floors) + Service Floor = 8 Doors

Door Size :-
W = 0.8 M
H = 2.0 m

Qe = KAe (P)1/2

Where :
Ae = 0.003 x ((( 2.0 + 0.8 ) x 2) + 2.0 ) x 8 = 0.18 M2

K = 0.839
P = 50 Pascal.

Qe = 0.839 x Ae x (50)1/2

Qe = 1.1 M3/Sec. = 38.2 CFM

In Case One Door Opened :

Where :-
A = Door Area
V = Air Velocity = 0.75 m/sec.
Af = Area Factor = 0.6

VA 0.75 x 2.0 x 0.8


Qo = Af = 0.6 = 2.00 M3/Sec.

= 4236 CFM

Conclusion :
System Description :
Left Well Pressurization fan For elevators .
Qty. : 1 Nos. Fan/stair case
Capacity : 4,500 cfm (each)
Type : Tube Axial Fan
Location : stair case Roof

1- Provide one no. fresh air pressurized fan located on each stair case roof
of 4,500 CFM & 1.5 In.wg.

2- Provide deffrential pressure sensor at the midlle way of stair case high and interface
with fan control panel .

23/6/05

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