ME2100 Applied Thermal Engineering Jan - May 2018

Tutorial 1 - Entropy

1. An insulated box is divided into two compartments A and B by a negligibly thin

partition. Compartment A initially contains 10 kg of N2 (MW = 28 kg/kmol,  = 1.4)
at 500 K and 500 kPa and compartment B initially contains 2 kg of H2 (MW = 2
kg/kmol,  = 1.4) at 300 K and 100 kPa. The partition is now removed and the
gases are allowed to mix and reach an equilibrium state. Taking the box as the
system, determine its entropy change. [8.3855 kJ/K]

2. Two kg of ice at -15oC is dropped into 10 kg of liquid water initially at 27oC in an

insulated container. Simultaneously, 3500 kJ of work is transferred to the container
by means of a paddle wheel. Determine (a) the final temperature and (b) entropy
change. The latent heat of melting of ice is 334 kJ/kg, specific heat capacity of ice
is 2.03 kJ/kg.K and that of water is 4.2 kJ/kg.K. [(a) 77.48oC, (b) 11.3068 kJ/K]

3. A steel casting (specific heat 500 J/kg.K) of mass 20 kg initially at 200oC is to be

cooled to room temperature (27oC). It is first kept in a furnace that is maintained at
140oC and then moved to a water bath that is initially at room temperature. It is
finally allowed to cool in the ambient air. Determine the entropy generated during
this process. The water bath may be assumed to contain 80 kg of water (specific
heat capacity 4200 J/kg.K) and heat loss from the bath to the ambient may be
neglected. [0.3396 kJ/K]

4. Five kg of saturated R134a vapor at -15oC is contained in a rigid vessel. The

R134a is stirred by transferring an amount of work equal to 500 kJ.
Simultaneously, heat transfer to the ambient at 30oC also takes place until the
content of the vessel reaches the ambient temperature. Determine the entropy
generated during the process. [1.7 kJ/K]

5. Steam steadily enters an insulated turbine at 10 kg/s, 60 bar, 400oC and exits at
10 bar, 190oC. Determine the power developed and rate of entropy generation.
Neglect KE and PE changes. [3731.5 kW, 0.992 kW/K]

6. R134a steadily enters an adiabatic compressor with a mass flow rate of 0.5
kg/min, as saturated vapor at -5oC and leaves at 700 kPa, 40oC. Neglect KE and
PE changes. Determine the compressor power and the rate of entropy generation.
[15.525 kJ/min, 0.01485 kJ/K.min]

7. Steam at 10 bar, 420oC steadily enters an adiabatic nozzle with negligible velocity.
It is expanded in the nozzle to 1 bar, 160oC. Neglecting PE changes, determine
the exit velocity and rate of entropy generation. [1010 m/s, 0.1318 kW/K]

8. Water at 200 kPa and 30oC enters the mixing chamber of a waste heat recovery
unit at a rate of 5 kg/s where it is mixed with steam at 200 kPa and 200oC. Heat
loss to the surrounding air at 27oC occurs at a rate of 10 kW. If the mixture is

Page 1 of 2
 required to leave at 200 kPa and 80oC, determine the required mass flow rate of
steam and the rate of entropy generation. [0.412 kg/s, 547.6 W/K]

9. Air is contained in a rigid tank of volume 1000 L. The air is initially at 1 MPa, 300
K. A valve on the top of the tank is now opened and the air is allowed to escape
slowly into the atmosphere until the pressure in the vessel reaches 100 kPa at
which point, the valve is closed. Temperature of air inside the tank is maintained
constant as a result of heat transfer with the ambient at 27oC. Determine the mass
of air that escapes, the electrical work done and the entropy generated during the
process. KE and PE changes are neglected. [10.45 kg, 900 kJ, 0 kJ/K]

10. A rigid vessel of volume 100 L initially contains 1 kg of saturated R134a vapor and
15 kg of saturated R134a liquid at 900 kPa. A relief valve is provided on the top of
the vessel to maintain the pressure inside the vessel constant at 900 kPa by
allowing saturated vapor to escape. Heat is now added from a reservoir at 50oC to
the vessel until all the liquid evaporates. Find the mass of vapor that escapes, heat
supplied and entropy generated. [11.59 kg, 2457.26 kJ, 0.5428 kJ/K]

11. A rigid vessel of volume 600 L contains 8 kg of water at 20 bar. Liquid is now
allowed to escape slowly from the bottom of the vessel. Heat is transferred from a
reservoir at 250oC to the vessel so as to maintain the pressure constant. The
process is stopped when no more liquid remains in the vessel. Find the mass that
escapes, heat transferred and entropy generated. [2 kg, 45.44 kJ, 5.116 J/K]

Page 2 of 2