SET-4

Series GBM H$moS> Z§. 40

Code No.
amob Z§. narjmWu H$moS >H$mo CÎma-nwpñVH$m Ho$ _wI-n¥ð >na
Roll No. Adí` {bIo§ &
Candidates must write the Code on the
title page of the answer-book.

 H¥$n`m Om±M H$a b| {H$ Bg àíZ-nÌ _o§ _w{ÐV n¥ð> 16 h¢ &

 àíZ-nÌ _| Xm{hZo hmW H$s Amoa {XE JE H$moS >Zå~a H$mo N>mÌ CÎma-nwpñVH$m Ho$ _wI-n¥>ð> na {bI| &
 H¥$n`m Om±M H$a b| {H$ Bg àíZ-nÌ _| >30 àíZ h¢ &
 H¥$n`m àíZ H$m CÎma {bIZm ewê$ H$aZo go nhbo, àíZ H$m H«$_m§H$ Adí` {bI| &
 Bg àíZ-nÌ H$mo n‹T>Zo Ho$ {bE 15 {_ZQ >H$m g_` {X`m J`m h¡ & àíZ-nÌ H$m {dVaU nydm©• _|
10.15 ~Oo {H$`m OmEJm & 10.15 ~Oo go 10.30 ~Oo VH$ N>mÌ Ho$db àíZ-nÌ H$mo n‹T>|Jo Am¡a
Bg Ad{Y Ho$ Xm¡amZ do CÎma-nwpñVH$m na H$moB© CÎma Zht {bI|Jo &
 Please check that this question paper contains 16 printed pages.
 Code number given on the right hand side of the question paper should be
written on the title page of the answer-book by the candidate.
 Please check that this question paper contains 30 questions.
 Please write down the Serial Number of the question before
attempting it.
 15 minute time has been allotted to read this question paper. The question
paper will be distributed at 10.15 a.m. From 10.15 a.m. to 10.30 a.m., the
students will read the question paper only and will not write any answer on
the answer-book during this period.

{d{YH$ AÜ``Z
LEGAL STUDIES

{ZYm©[aV g_` : 3 KÊQ>o A{YH$V_ A§H$ : 100

Time allowed : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 100

40 1 P.T.O.
gm_mÝ` {ZX}e :
(i) Bg àíZ-nÌ _| Hw$b 30 àíZ h¢ &
(ii) g^r àíZm| Ho$ CÎma XoZm A{Zdm`© h¢ &
(iii) àíZ g§»`m 1 go 8 ~hþ{dH$ënr` àíZ h¢ Am¡a àË`oH$ Ho$ {bE 1 A§H$ {ZYm©[aV h¡ &
(iv) àíZ g§»`m 9 go 14 bKw CÎmar` àíZ h¢ Am¡a àË`oH$ Ho$ {bE 2 A§H$ {ZYm©[aV h¢ & BZ_| go
àË`oH$ H$m CÎma 50 eãXm| go A{YH$ Z hmo &
(v) àíZ g§»`m 15 go 20 bKw CÎmar` àíZ h¢ Am¡a àË`oH$ Ho$ {bE 4 A§H$ {ZYm©[aV h¢ & BZ_|
go àË`oH$ H$m CÎma 100 eãXm| go A{YH$ Z hmo &
(vi) àíZ g§»`m 21 go 24 XrK© CÎmar` àíZ h¢ Am¡a àË`oH$ Ho$ {bE 5 A§H$ {ZYm©[aV h¢ & BZ_|
go àË`oH$ H$m CÎma 150 eãXm| go A{YH$ Z hmo &
(vii) àíZ g§»`m 25 go 30 XrK© CÎmar` àíZ h¢ Am¡a àË`oH$ Ho$ {bE 6 A§H$ {ZYm©[aV h¢ & BZ_|
go àË`oH$ H$m CÎma 200 eãXm| go A{YH$ Z hmo &

General Instructions :

(i) There are 30 questions in all.

(ii) All the questions are compulsory.

(iii) Questions number 1 to 8 are multiple choice questions carrying 1 mark

each.

(iv) Questions number 9 to 14 are short answer questions carrying 2 marks

each. Answer to each of these should not exceed 50 words.

(v) Questions number 15 to 20 are short answer questions carrying 4 marks

each. Answer to each of these should not exceed 100 words.

(vi) Questions number 21 to 24 are long answer questions carrying 5 marks

each. Answer to each of these should not exceed 150 words.

(vii) Questions number 25 to 30 are long answer questions carrying 6 marks

each. Answer to each of these should not exceed 200 words.

40 2
1. df© 1950 _| ^maVr` g§{dYmZ Zo EH$ àYmZ Ý`m`mYre VWm __________ Ý`m`mYrem| Ho$
CƒV_ Ý`m`mb` na {dMma àñVwV {H$`m & 1

(H$) AmR>
(I) gmV
(J) ~mah
(K) Mm¡~rg
In the year 1950, the Constitution of India envisaged a Supreme Court
with one Chief Justice and ____________ judges.
(a) eight

(b) seven

(c) twelve

(d) twenty-four

2. AmX²{dH$ Zo AnZo {_Ì g§Xrn H$mo < 50,000 _| AnZr ~mBH$ ~oMr O~{H$ Cg ~mBH$ H$m
~mµOma _yë` < 75,000 h¡ & 1
Cn`w©ŠV AZw~§Y
(H$) àdV©Zr` Zht h¡ Š`m|{H$ AmX²{dH$ ~mµOma _yë` go H$_ _yë` na AnZr ~mBH$ Zht
~oM gH$Vm &
(I) àdV©Zr` h¡ Š`m|{H$ _yë` H$m n`m©ßV hmoZm Zht, dmñV{dH$ hmoZm Amdí`H$ h¡ &
(J) àdV©Zr` Zht h¡ Š`m|{H$ _yë` µJ¡a-H$mZyZr h¡ &
(K) àdV©Zr` h¡ Š`m|{H$ _yë` n`m©ßV Am¡a VH©$g§JV h¡ O~{H$ ~mBH$ EH$X_ ZB© Zht h¡ &
Aadwik sells his bike for a consideration of < 50,000 to his friend
Sandeep, whereas the market price of the said bike is < 75,000.
The above agreement is
(a) not enforceable as Aadwik cannot sell his bike below the market
price.
(b) enforceable as the consideration need not be adequate, but should
be real.
(c) not enforceable as it is an unlawful consideration.
(d) enforceable as the consideration is adequate and reasonable as the
bike is not brand new.

40 3 P.T.O.
3. [aVy AnZr {_Ì apí_ H$mo EH$ hrao H$s A±JyR>r XoVr h¡ & apí_ A±JyR>r H$mo ñdrH$ma H$a boVr h¡
qH$Vw CgHo$ ~Xbo H$moB© ^wJVmZ Zht H$aVr &
apí_ Am¡a [aVy Ho$ ~rM H$m g§~§Y h¡ 1

(H$) nQ²>Q>mH$Vm© Am¡a nQ²>Q>oXma

(I) J«mhH$ Am¡a {dH«o$Vm
(J) XmVm Am¡a J«hrVm
(K) nQ²>Q>mH$Vm© Am¡a Cn-nQ²>Q>oXma
Ritu gives a diamond ring to her friend Rashmi. Rashmi accepts the ring
but does not pay anything in return for the ring.
The relationship between Ritu and Rashmi is of
(a) Lessor and Lessee
(b) Buyer and Seller
(c) Donor and Donee
(d) Lessor and Sub-lessee

4. __________ H$m {gÕm§V H$hVm h¡ {H$ ‘‘H$moB© {d{Ygå_V H$m`© H$aVo hþE ^r àemg{ZH$
H$ma©dmB© Ý`m`mo{MV Am¡a VH©$g§JV hmoZr Mm{hE &’’ 1

(H$) g§d¡Ym{ZH$ Z¡{VH$Vm

(I) àmH¥${VH$ Ý`m`
(J) g_mZwnm{VH$Vm
(K) {d{Yg§JV Anojm
The Doctrine of __________ states that ‘‘Even in doing something legal, an
administrative action must be fair and reasonable.’’

(a) Constitutional Morality

(b) Natural Justice

(c) Proportionality

(d) Legitimate Expectation

40 4
5. am¡ëg H$m Ý`m` H$m nhbm {gÕm§V H$hVm h¡ {H$ 1

(H$) g_mZ _yb^yV ñdV§Ì àUmbr Ho$ à{V àË`oH$ ì`{ŠV H$mo g_mZ A{YH$ma hmoZm
Mm{hE &
(I) {d{YH$ ghm`Vm H$s ì`dñWm go CÝh| ghm`Vm {_bZr Mm{hE Omo gm_m{OH$ Am¡a
Am{W©H$ ê$n go {nN>‹S>o hþE h¢ &
(J) `{X G$UXmVm AnZo µJar~ G$UJ«hrVm H$m b~mXm µO_mZV Ho$ Vm¡a na bo bo, Vmo Cgo
em_ hmoZo go nhbo hr Adí` bm¡Q>m XoZm Mm{hE &
(K) àË`oH$ H$mo ñdV§Ì OÝ_ boZo H$m, AnZm G$U MwH$mZo H$m Am¡a AJå`mJ_Z Z H$aZo
H$m A{YH$ma h¡ &
Rawls’ first principle of justice states that
(a) each person should have an equal right to the system of equal
basic liberties.
(b) the provision of legal aid should help those who are socially and
economically backward.
(c) if the creditor took his poor debtor’s cloak in pledge, he must
return it by nightfall.
(d) everyone has the right to be born as free, to work off his debt and
no incest.

6. ^maVr` g§{dYmZ Ho$ {H$g ^mJ d AZwÀN>oX _| amÁ` Zr{V Ho$ {ZX}eH$ {gÕm§Vm|
(S>r.nr.Eg.nr.) H$m C„oI h¡ ? 1

(H$) ^mJ> IV H$, AZwÀN>oX 51 H$

(I) ^mJ> III, AZwÀN>oX 51 H$

(J) ^mJ> IV, AZwÀN>oX 36 go 51

(K) ^mJ> III, AZwÀN>oX 12 go 35
Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) are provided under which
Part and Article of the Indian Constitution ?
(a) Part IV A, Article 51 A
(b) Part III, Article 51 A
(c) Part IV, Article 36 to 51
(d) Part III, Article 12 to 35
40 5 P.T.O.
7. CƒV_ Ý`m`mb` {d{YH$ ghm`Vm g{_{V (Eg.gr.Eb.Eg.gr.) H$m AÜ`j hmoVm h¡ 1

(H$) CƒV_ Ý`m`mb` H$m EH$ Ý`m`mYre

(I) g§~§{YV amÁ` H$m amÁ`nmb
(J) _hmÝ`m`dmXr
(K) g§~§{YV amÁ` Ho$ CÀM Ý`m`mb` H$m _w»` Ý`m`mYre
The Chairman of the Supreme Court Legal Service Committee (SCLSC)
is

(a) A Judge of the Supreme Court

(b) The Governor of the concerned State

(c) The Attorney General

(d) The Chief Justice of the High Court of the concerned State

8. ^r_nwa eha _| g^r \¡$ŠQ>[a`m| Am¡a {_bm| H$mo AnZo H$_©Mm[a`m| (_µOXÿar nmZo dmbo Am¡a
doVZ^moJr XmoZm|) Ho$ nyao Am±H$‹S>o àñVwV H$aZo H$mo H$hm J`m & amOoída Ho${_H$b dŠg© Zo
{ZåZ{b{IV Am±H$‹S>o àñVwV {H$E : 1

bmoJm| H$s qbJ

Am`w dJ©
g§»`m nwéf _{hbm
4 12 df© go 14 df© 3 1

6 15 df© go 18 df© 4 2

5 20 df© go 30 df© 3 2

5 31 df© go 40 df© 3 2

* doVZ H$m ^wJVmZ gaH$mar ì`dñWm Ho$ AZwgma {H$`m J`m &
** 12 go 14 df© VWm 15 go 18 df© Ho$ _µOXÿam| H$mo \¡$ŠQ>ar Ho$ H$m_ H$m g_` nyam hmoZo
Ho$ ~mX amOoída Ho${_H$b dŠg© Ûmam g§Mm{bV {dÚmb` _| A{Zdm`© ê$n go ^oOm
J`m &
40 6
 amOoída Ho${_H$b dŠg© H$mo _yb A{YH$mam| Ho$ C„§KZ Ho$ {bE Zmo{Q>g {X`m J`m &
Cn`wŠV {dH$ën H$m M`Z H$s{OE Omo amOoída Ho${_H$b dŠg© H$s pñW{V H$m dU©Z H$aVm h¡ :
(H$) {H$gr A{YH$ma H$m C„§KZ Zht hþAm Š`m|{H$ amOoída Ho${_H$b dŠg© AnZo g^r
H$m_Jmam| H$mo C{MV doVZ/_µOXÿar Xo ahm Wm &
(I) AZwÀN>oX 24 Ho$ A§VJ©V _yb A{YH$ma H$m C„§KZ hþAm Š`m|{H$ 14 df© go H$_ dmbo
~ƒo ^r dhm± H$m_ H$a aho Wo &
(J) AZwÀN>oX 14 Ho$ A§VJ©V _yb A{YH$ma H$m C„§KZ hþAm Š`m|{H$ nwéfm| Am¡a _{hbmAm|
H$mo g_mZ g§»`m _| amoOJma Zht {X`m J`m &
(K) AZwÀN>oX 19 Ho$ A§VJ©V _yb A{YH$ma H$m C„§KZ hþAm Š`m|{H$ 12 go 18 df© H$s
Am`w dJ© dmbo l{_H$m| H$mo àË`oH$ em_ A{Zdm`© ê$n go ñHy$b ^oOm J`m &
In the city of Bheempur, all factories and mills were asked to submit the
complete data about their employees (both wage-earners and salaried).
Rajeshwar Chemical Works submitted the following data :

Number Gender
Age Group
of People Male Female
4 12 years to 14 years 3 1
6 15 years to 18 years 4 2
5 20 years to 30 years 3 2
5 31 years to 40 years 3 2
* Salaries were paid according to the Government provisions.
** The workers in the age group of 12 years to 14 years and 15 years
to 18 years were compulsorily sent to a school run by Rajeshwar
Chemical Works, after the working hours of the factory were over.
Rajeshwar Chemical Works was served a notice for violation of
Fundamental Rights.
Choose the correct option that describes the situation of Rajeshwar
Chemical Works :
(a) No right has been violated as Rajeshwar Chemical Works was
paying proper salary/wages to all its workers.
(b) Fundamental Right under Article 24 has been violated as children
under the age of 14 are working there.
(c) Fundamental Right under Article 14 has been violated as equal
number of males and females have not been employed.
(d) Fundamental Right under Article 19 has been violated as the
workers in the age group of 12 years to 18 years were compulsorily
sent to school every evening.
40 7 P.T.O.
9. nwê$ Zm_ Ho$ EH$ amhJra Zo XoIm {H$ _wIm¡Q>m bJmE Xmo _moQ>agmB{H$b gdma ~¢H$ Am°\$ Aby~m
Ho$ E.Q>r.E_. H$mo byQ> aho Wo & CÝhm|Zo E.Q>r.E_. _| {Z`wº$ JmS>© H$mo ^r Km`b H$a {X`m Wm &
nwê$ Zo _moQ>agmB{H$b H$m a{OñQ´>oeZ Z§~a ZmoQ> H$a {b`m Wm & CgZo Z Ho$db E§o~wb|g ~wbmB©
~pëH$ AnamY K{Q>V hmoZo Ho$ ~mao _| nw{bg H$mo ^r gyMZm Xr Am¡a nmg Ho$ WmZo _| àW_
gyMZm anQ> {bIdmB© & 2
D$na Xr JB© pñW{V _| :
(H$) Š`m à^mar nXm{YH$mar _m_bo Ho$ VÏ`m| Am¡a n[apñW{V`m| H$s Om±M H$aZo Ho$ {bE
~mÜ` h¡ ? AnZo CÎma Ho$ {bE H$maU Xr{OE &
(I) Š`m hmoVm h¡ `{X nw{bg AnamY H$s Om±M go hr BZH$ma H$a Xo ?

Puru, a passer-by, saw two masked motorbikers looting the ATM of the
Bank of Aluba. The bikers also injured the guard deputed at the ATM.
Puru had noted the registration number of the motorbike. He not only
called the ambulance but also informed the police about the commission
of the offence by recording an FIR (First Information Report) in the
nearest police station.
In the above given situation :
(a) Is the officer-in-charge bound to investigate the facts and
circumstances of the case ? Give reason to your answer.
(b) What happens if the police refuse to investigate an offence ?

10. ^maVr` g§{dYmZ Ho$ CZ Mma ^mJm| H$m C„oI H$s{OE {OZ_| _mZdm{YH$mam| Ho$ àmê$n H$m
g_mdoe h¡ & 2
State the four parts of the Indian Constitution which contain the Human
Rights framework.

11. amîQ´>r` _{hbm Am`moJ H$s {H$Ýht Mma e{ŠV`m| H$m C„oI H$s{OE Omo {g{db Ý`m`mb` Ho$
g_mZ h¢ & 2
Write any four powers of the National Commission for Women, which are
similar to that of a civil court.

40 8
12. ‘~«¡Q>Z dwS²>g {Q>²dÝg’ Ho$ Zm_ go OmZo OmZo dmbo Xmo g§JR>Zm| H$m JR>Z {d{^Þ Xoem| H$s
AW©ì`dñWm H$mo ghm`Vm XoZo Ho$ {bE {H$`m J`m & 2

(H$) D$na C{„{IV XmoZm| g§JR>Zm| H$s nhMmZ H$s{OE &

(I) CZHo$ à_wI H$m`m] H$m C„oI H$s{OE &
Dubbed as the ‘Bretton Woods Twins’ these two organisations were
formed to aid the economies of various countries.
(a) Identify the two organisations mentioned above.
(b) State their main functions.

13. {d{YH$ godm A{YH$ma A{Y{Z`_ Ho$ A§VJ©V J{R>V H|$Ðr` A{YH$ma H$s g§aMZm H$m C„oI
H$s{OE & 2
State the composition of the Central Authority constituted under Legal
Services Authorities Act.

14. g§{Y Ho$ AZwg_W©Z H$m Š`m VmËn`© h¡ ? Bgo Š`m| àma§^ {H$`m J`m ? 2
What is meant by Ratification of Treaty ? Why is it initiated ?

15. ‘VrZ OOm| Ho$ _m_bo’ Ho$ Zm_ go OmZo OmZo dmbo VrZ Ý`m{`H$ {ZU©`m| H$s loUr (grarµO)
AmYw{ZH$ H$m¡bo{O`_ àUmbr Ho$ {dH$mg _| H¡$go ghm`H$ hþB© ? 4
How has the series of three judicial decisions popularly known as the
‘three judges case’ helped in the development of the modern collegium
system ?

16. {ddmMZ VWm _Ü`ñWVm H$s à{H«$`mAm| _| A§Va ñnîQ> H$s{OE & d¡H$pënH$ {ddmX g_mYmZ
Ho$ BZ Xmo ê$nm| Ho$ Ûmam g§ào{fV {H$Ýht Xmo _yë`m| H$m C„oI H$s{OE & 4
Differentiate between Arbitration and Mediation processes. State any
two values communicated by these two forms of Alternative Dispute
Resolution.

17. amîQ´>r` _mZdm{YH$ma Am`moJ Ho$ {H$Ýht AmR> àH$m`m] H$s gyMr ~ZmBE & 4
List any eight functions of the National Human Rights Commission.

40 9 P.T.O.
18. A{YdŠVm A{Y{Z`_, 1961 Ho$ _w»` àmdYmZm| H$mo {ZåZ{b{IV q~XþAm| Ho$ g§X^© _| ñnîQ>
H$s{OE : 4

(H$) A{Ib ^maVr` {d{Yk n[afX² H$m g§JR>Z

(I) ^maVr` {d{Yk n[afX² Ho$ H$moB© Xmo àH$m`©
(J) amÁ` {d{Yk n[afX² H$m JR>Z
(K) amÁ` {d{Yk n[afX² Ho$ H$moB© Xmo àH$m`©

Explain the main provisions of The Advocates Act, 1961 in reference to

the following points :

(a) Composition of the All India Bar Council

(b) Any two functions of the Bar Council of India

(c) Composition of the State Bar Council

(d) Any two functions of the State Bar Council

19. (H$) àemg{ZH$ {d{Y Š`m h¡ ?

(I) àemg{ZH$ {d{Y Ho$ {H$Ýht Xmo CÔoí`m| H$m C„oI H$s{OE & 4

(a) What is Administrative Law ?

(b) Give any two aims of administrative law.

20. ‘‘CƒV_ Ý`m`mb` Ho$ Ho$edmZ§X ^maVr ~Zm_ Ho$ab amÁ` (1973) Ho$ _wµH$X_o Ho$ Eo{Vhm{gH$
{ZU©` _| g§{dYmZ Ho$ 24d| g§emoYZ A{Y{Z`_ H$m EH$ CÎma Wm Omo g§{dYmZ Ho$
AZwÀN>oX 13 VWm AZwÀN>oX 360 H$mo ^r à^m{dV H$aVm h¡ &’’ ñnîQ> H$s{OE & 4

‘‘The decision in the landmark 1973 Supreme Court case of Kesavananda

Bharati V. State of Kerala was an answer to the 24th Amendment Act to
the Constitution affecting Article 13 and Article 368.’’ Explain.

40 10
21. empãXH$ ê$n _| ‘Amoå~S²>g_Z’ H$m Ame` h¡  à{V{Z{Y & ^maV Ho$ g§X^© _|, {ZåZ{b{IV
àíZm| Ho$ CÎma Xr{OE : 5

(H$) ^maV _| Am¡a ^maV Ho$ amÁ`m| _| ‘^«îQ>mMma-{damoYr Amoå~S²>g_Z’ H$s nhMmZ
H$s{OE &
(I) ^maV _| ‘^«îQ>mMma-{damoYr Amoå~S²>g_Z’ H$s g§aMZm {b{IE &
(J) ^maV _| ‘~¢qH$J VWm ~r_m Amoå~S²>g_Z’ H$s nhMmZ H$s{OE Am¡a CgH$s ^y{_H$m
~VmBE &
Literal meaning of ‘Ombudsman’ is representative. With respect to India,
answer the following questions :
(a) Identify the Anticorruption Ombudsman in the Indian States and
in India.
(b) State the composition of Anticorruption Ombudsman in India.
(c) Identify the Banking and Insurance Ombudsman in India and
state its role.

22. (H$) ^maV Ho$ ZmJ[aH$m| H$mo ^maVr` g§{dYmZ Ho$ AZwÀN>oX 19 Ho$ A§VJ©V CnbãY N>h
ñdV§ÌVmAm| H$m C„oI H$s{OE &
(I) {ZåZ{b{IV _| go H$m¡Z-gm VH©$g§JV à{V~§Y hmo gH$Vm h¡ ? AnZo CÎma Ho$ {bE
H$maU ^r Xr{OE &
(i) Hw$N> bmoJm| Ho$ {H$gr g_wXm` Ûmam {damoY H$aZo Ho$ H$maU {H$gr nwñVH$ H$s
{~H«$s na à{V~§Y &
(ii) Xÿgam| H$mo qhgm H$aZo Ho$ {bE CH$gmZo H$s g§^mdZm dmbo ^mfU XoZo na amoH$ & 5
(a) State the six freedoms which are available to the citizens of India,
under Article 19 of the Indian Constitution.
(b) Which of the following can be a reasonable restriction ? Give
reason for your answer.
(i) Restrictions on the sale of a book because of protests by a
group of people.
(ii) Prohibition on making inciting speeches that may provoke
others to commit violence.
40 11 P.T.O.
23. ‘‘{d{YH$ ghm`Vm Am§XmobZ Ho$ {dH$mg H$mo gm_m{OH$ B§Or{Z`[a¨J H$s Yr_r Am¡a àm`:
AMoVZ à{H«$`m H$m AZwJ_Z H$aZo dmbo Xoa go hþE gMoV à`mg Ho$ ê$n _| XoIm OmVm h¡ &’’
Cn`w©ŠV H$WZ Ho$ g§X^© _|, {ZåZ{b{IV àíZm| Ho$ CÎma Xr{OE : 5

(H$) gm_m{OH$ B§Or{Z`[a¨J H$m Š`m Ame` h¡ ?

(I) {Z:ewëH$ {d{YH$ ghm`Vm Ho$ Ûmam {dH$mgerb gä`VmE± {H$g àH$ma gm_m{OH$
B§Or{Z`[a¨J H$s Amoa CÎmamoÎma ~‹T>Vr JBª ?
(J) {Z:ewëH$ {d{YH$ ghm`Vm Ho$ àmdYmZ go g§ào{fV hmoZo dmbo {H$Ýht Xmo _yë`m| H$m
C„oI H$s{OE &
‘‘The growth of legal aid movement is seen as one of the late conscious
attempts in social adjustment that followed the slow and often
unconscious process of Social Engineering.’’
In reference to the above statement, answer the following questions :
(a) What is meant by Social Engineering ?
(b) How did the developing civilizations progressively move towards
Social Engineering through free legal aid ?
(c) State any two values communicated by the provision of free legal
aid.

24. (i) `wZmBQ>oS> qH$JS>_ {d{YH$ ì`dgm` VWm {d{YH$ {ejm Ho$ g§X^© _|, {ZåZ{b{IV
~ZZo Ho$ {bE àmdYmZm| H$mo g_PmBE :
(H$) gm°{b{gQ>a
(I) ~¡[añQ>a
(ii) `wZmBQ>oS> qH$JS>_ _| dh ì`{ŠV ^r H¡$go dH$sb (bm¡`a) ~Z gH$Vm h¡ Omo H$mZyZ
{df` _| ñZmVH$ (J«¡OwEQ>) Z hmo ? 5
(i) In terms of legal profession and legal education in the United
Kingdom, explain the provisions to become the following :
(a) A Solicitor
(b) A Barrister
(ii) How can a non-law graduate become a lawyer in the United
Kingdom ?
40 12
25. CZ VrZ VarH$m| H$s ì`m»`m H$s{OE {OZgo ^maV Ho$ Ý`m`mb`m| _| Ý`m{`H$ nwZarjU H$m
Adga {dH${gV hþAm Am¡a {Ogo ^maV Ho$ CƒV_ Ý`m`mb` Ho$ Ûmam ^r AnZm`m OmVm h¡ ? 6

Explain the three ways in which the scope of judicial review has evolved
in the courts in India and has been practised by the Supreme Court of
India ?

26. am{_e Ho$ nmg {S>\|$g H$m°bmoZr, {X„r _| EH$ Amdmg Wm & BgH$m _yë` < 85 bmI Am±H$m
J`m Wm & CgZo Bg g§n{Îm H$m ñdm{_Ëd gwXrn Am¡a g_ra H$mo gpå_{bV ê$n _| A§V[aV H$a
{X`m & CÝhm|Zo _H$mZ H$m nwZéÕma {H$`m Am¡a < 15,000 à{V _mg na 3 df© Ho$ {bE
lr H¡$bme H$mo Bg na H$ãOm Xo {X`m & gwXrn Am¡a g_ra _| Bg g§n{Îm Ho$ ñdm{_Ëd
A{YH$mam| Ho$ ~mao _| EH$ {ddmX n¡Xm hmo J`m & dmX H$s {dMmamYrZVm Ho$ Xm¡amZ gwXrn Zo
lr_Vr {Z{Y H$mo {~Zm {H$gr _yë` Ho$ g§n{Îm H$mo A§V[aV H$a {X`m & g_ra Zo Bg A§VaU H$mo
MwZm¡Vr Xr & 6

(i) am{_e, gwXrn, g_ra, lr H¡$bme Am¡a lr_Vr {Z{Y _| hþE VrZ àH$ma Ho$ A§VaUm|
H$s nhMmZ H$s{OE &
(ii) g_ra Zo {H$Z AmYmam| na AÝVaU H$mo MwZm¡Vr Xr ? AnZr Amn{Îm H$mo Ý`m`mo{MV
R>hamZo Ho$ {bE g_ra Ho$ Ûmam {H$Z pñW{V`m| H$mo nyam H$aZm hmoJm ?
Ramish had a residential accommodation at Defence Colony in Delhi. It
was valued at < 85 lakhs. He transferred the ownership and possession
of this property to Sudeep and Sameer jointly. They got the house
renovated and gave its possession to Mr. Kailash for a period of 3 years
on a monthly charge of < 15,000. A dispute arose between Sudeep and
Sameer and the ownership rights of the property became disputed.
During the pendency of the suit, Sudeep initiated the transfer of property
to Ms. Nidhi without any consideration. Sameer challenged this transfer.

(i) Identify the three types of transfers that took place between
Ramish, Sudeep, Sameer, Mr. Kailash and Ms. Nidhi.

(ii) On what grounds has Sameer challenged the transfer ? What

conditions should be satisfied by Sameer in order to justify his
objection ?
40 13 P.T.O.
27. ZrMo Xr JB© pñW{V _| {H$g d¡H$pënH$ {ddmX g_mYmZ (Am°ëQ>aZoQ> {S>ñß`yQ> [aµOm°ë`yeZ) H$m
AZwJ_Z H$aZm hmoJm ? nhMmZ H$s{OE Am¡a ì`m»`m H$s{OE : 6

(H$) PmaI§S> _| pñWV EH$ Ho${_H$b \¡$ŠQ>ar Ho$ à~§YH$ {eIa YdZ VWm BgH$s l{_H$
g{_{V _| EH$ l_ {ddmX n¡Xm hmo J`m & {ddmX Ho$ njm| Zo {ZnQ>mZ Ho$ {bE lr
{Z{eH$m§V Pm (Cƒ Ý`m`mb` Ho$ AdH$me àmßV Ý`m`mYre) H$mo {Zînj V¥Vr` nj
(WS>© nmQ>u) Ho$ ê$n _| {Z`wŠV {H$`m & lr {Z{eH$m§V Pm Zo CZHo$ {ddmX Am¡a Xmdm|
H$mo {ZnQ>mZo Ho$ {bE njm| H$mo g§^m{dV hb gwPmVo hþE hñVjonr (B§Q>ad|e{ZñQ>) H$s
^y{_H$m {Z^mB© &
(I) lr gm{hb Hw$_ma Am¡a lr_Vr AZwîH$m Hw$_ma _| EH$ d¡dm{hH$ PJ‹S>m n¡Xm hmo J`m &
`Ú{n CZH$m _m_bm EH$ {Z`{_V Ý`m`mb` _| nhbo go hr Mb ahm Wm, CÝhm|Zo
AnZo PJ‹S>o H$mo {ZnQ>mZo Ho$ {bE EH$ g§ñWm go g§nH©$ {H$`m & Bg g§ñWm Zo
à{H«$`mË_H$ {Z`_m| H$m nyU© nmbZ Zht H$aVo Am¡a Bg g§ñWm H$m {ZU©` PJ‹S>o Ho$
XmoZm| njm| na ~mÜ`H$mar Wm &
(J) lr e_m© Am¡a lr Zmam`U n‹S>mogr h¢ Am¡a ‘`wZmBQ>oS> hmBQ²>g’ AnmQ>©_|Q²>g _| ah aho
h¢ & CZ_| amñVo Ho$ A{YH$ma Ho$ ~mao _| EH$ PJ‹S>m n¡Xm hmo J`m Omo Xÿgao H$s ^y{_ go
JwµOaZo H$s AZw_{V XoZo H$s EH$ gw{dYm h¡ & CÝhm|Zo Amngr gh_{V go lr Aæ`a
(gmogmBQ>r Ho$ g{Md) H$mo AnZo PJ‹S>o Ho$ {ZnQ>mZ Ho$ {bE {Zînj Vrgar nmQ>u Ho$
ê$n _| {Z`wŠV {H$`m & lr Aæ`a njm| H$mo CZHo$ _m_bo H$m _yë`m§H$Z àñVwV H$aZo _|
EH$mJ« hmo JE Am¡a CÝh| EH$ {ZnQ>mao H$s Amoa {ZX}{eV {H$`m &
Identify and explain which Alternative Dispute Resolution is followed in
the given situation :

(a) A labour dispute arose between Mr. Shikhar Dhawan (Manager) of

a chemical factory located in Jharkhand, and its Workmen
Association. The parties to the dispute appointed
Mr. Nishikant Jha (a retired High Court judge) as a neutral third
party, to resolve their dispute. Mr. Nishikant played the role of an
interventionist by suggesting potential solutions to the parties in
order to resolve their disputes and claims.

40 14
 (b) A matrimonial dispute arose between Mr. Sahil Kumar and
Mrs. Anushka Kumar. They both approached an institution for the
settlement of their dispute, even though their case was already
pending in the regular court. This institution does not follow strict
application of procedural laws and the decision of this institution
was binding on the parties to the dispute.

(c) Mr. Sharma and Mr. Narayan are neighbours and residing in
‘United Heights’ Apartments. A dispute arose between them
regarding the right of way (type of easement that allows a person
to pass through another’s land). They mutually appointed Mr.
Iyyer (Society Secretary), as a neutral third party to resolve their
dispute. Mr. Iyyer focused on providing the parties with an
evaluation of their case and directed them towards settlement.

28. (H$) ^maV _| EH$ ES>dmoHo$Q> Ho$ ê$n _| Zm_m§{H$V hmoZo Ho$ {bE `mo½`Vm Ho$ _mZX§S> Š`m h¢ ?

(I) ^maV _| H$moB© ES>dmoHo$Q>, ES>dmoHo$Q> Am°Z [aH$m°S²>g© H¡$go ~Z gH$Vm h¡ ?

(J) ^maV _| H$moB© {d{Ydº$m gmd©O{ZH$ Zr{V Ho$ à{VnmXZ Am¡a Cg na am` XoZo _| AnZr
_hÎdnyU© ^y{_H$m H¡$go {Z^m gH$Vm h¡ ? 6
(a) State the eligibility criteria for being enrolled as an advocate in
India.
(b) How can an advocate in India become an Advocate on Records ?
(c) How do lawyers in India play an important role in formulating and
advising on public policy ?

29. ‘‘ZmJ[aH$m| H$mo AnZr Ý`m`mb` àUmbr _| {dídmg Ho$ {bE O~ Amdí`H$ hmo Vmo g^r bmoJm|
H$s nhþ±M Ý`m`mb`m| VH$ hmoZr Mm{hE &’’
Cn`w©ŠV H$WZ na {dMma H$aVo hþE {ZåZ{b{IV àíZm| Ho$ CÎma Xr{OE : 6

(H$) ^maV gaH$ma Ûmam ^maV _| àma§^ H$s JB© {d{YH$ ghm`Vm Ho$ B{Vhmg H$s ê$naoIm
àñVwV H$s{OE &

40 15 P.T.O.
 (I) {d{YH$ ghm`Vm àXmZ H$aZo Ho$ {bE ^maVr` {d{YH$ àUmbr _| C{„{IV àmdYmZm|
H$mo g_PmBE &
(J) {Z:ewëH$ {d{YH$ ghm`Vm H$s AdYmaUm Ho$ Ûmam g§ào{fV Xmo _yë`m| H$m C„oI
H$s{OE &
‘‘In order for citizens to have faith in their court system, all people must
have access to the courts when necessary.’’

Considering the above statement, answer the following questions :

(a) Trace the history of legal aid in India as initiated by the
Government of India.
(b) Explain the provisions stated in the Indian Legal System for
providing legal aid.
(c) State the two values communicated by the concept of free legal aid.

30. A§Vam©îQ´>r` {d{Y Š`m h¡ ? BgHo$ òmoVm| na àH$me S>m{bE & 6

What is International law ? Elucidate its sources.

40 16 3,700