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WinGcnc
4 AXIS MILLING
SOFTWARE
JRA CO.
http://www.jraco.com
248-637-9480 VOICE 248-637-9481 FAX
1
Special Notices
Liability
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 5
SETUP 5
DISPLAY SETTINGS 5
CD INSTALLATION 5
NAVIGATING THE SCREENS 6
WINDOWS ENVIRONMENT 7
MDI Mode 8
AUX FUNCTIONS ( MCODES) 9
PREP FUNCTIONS 10
G92 to redefine position 11
COMMAND FORMAT 11
JOG MODE 13
FILE MODE 16
VIEW TOOLPATH Mode 17
AUTO MODE 19
SYSTEM MODE 21
RESET MODE 22
TOOL MODE 23
TERMINAL MODE 24
CALIBRATE MODE 26
CONFIG MODE 27
HOME MODE 30
DIAG MODE 32
CONVERSATIONAL PROGRAMMING 34
Bolt Circle 35
Drill Grid 36
Contour 38
Pocket 40
Face 42
Slot 44
DRO 46
Handwheel 48
Appendix A Command Format 50
Appendix B Current Gcodes/Mcodes 53
3
Appendix C Canned Cycles 54
Appendix D PLC operation 57
Running the PLC 57
Digital handwheel Pendant 63
Standard Pendant 66
4
Introduction
Congratulations on your purchase of WinGcnc is the Win 95/98 /Win2000/XP
version of an easy to use 3 axis cnc milling package for use with the Galil 1700 ,
18x2 and 1800 series controllers. A Pentium 400 MHz computer or greater with
16Mb Ram and Windows 95/98/2000/XP is recommended as a minimum
configuration. A faster machine will result in faster file processing times as well
as higher block throughput. The WinGcnc program supports a subset of standard
Gcodes and is primarily targeted at CAM based Toolpath generation for
milling,router,Laser,and plasma applications.
Setup
For your software to function properly you must first establish proper
communication with your Galil controller using the Galil terminal program which
came with your Galil controller. Please configure all parameters for proper servo
operation as outlined in the Galil operations manual that came with your
controller card. The WinGcnc software has been pre-configured to recognize
your Galil controller by it’s Specific serial number. This package will only work
with one Galil card. Make sure you record the base address setting for your
controller which may be found in the Registry section of the Galil terminal
program. You will need to input this value in the WinGcnc program or it will not
function. If you change hardware in your PC and the controller card base address
is affected you must input this base address change in the Wingcnc software as
described below. Win2000/XP users must purchase the upgrade package.
Display Settings
Configure your display for 600 x 800 or greater with large fonts
CD Installation
Insert the WinGcnc cd into the cd player on your PC and using MY COMPUTER
or Windows Explorer select the Setup.exe program from the WinGcnc CD.
Double Click on the setup icon and you will launch the WinGcnc installation
wizard. Once the program has been installed The WinGcnc program will be
found on the program menu in Win95/98/2000/XP and will be called GCNCJOG.
Click on this heading to launch the program.
Upon entering the program you will first need to perform a calibration. This is
only done after installing or reinstalling the WinGcnc software. Click on
The calibration button and you will enter the calibration screen. Click on OK
and wait for the calibration parameter to appear. Once it appears you may
exit this screen.
5
Immediately after performing the calibration you will need to change the
controller base address and configure parameters for your machine. You
must change the base address to agree with the address for your controller or
the software will not function. As mentioned above, once the software is
configured you will not have to repeat this step unless you reinstall your software.
Exit the calibration screen and return to the main menu. Click on the CONFIG
button and change the base address to the number you recorded from the Galil
terminal program. Input the new base address in the white text box under the
input heading. You may also change the other parameters like encoder counts
per inch for each of the axes by following the same procedure. When you are
satisfied with all of your changes click on the apply button. The left column of
values should now agree with those in the right column. You may now exit back
to the main menu.
Your software should now be properly configured . At this point return to the main
menu and select SYSTEM by clicking on the SYSTEM button. The values should
reflect the parameters you selected in the Galil terminal program.
6
WinGcnc has been created with ease of use in mind. Mouse clicking or single
keystroke commands from the keyboard may be used to activate the command
buttons in both the main menu and in the most modes. The underlined letter on
the command button identifies the key that is needed to activate the button. For
further ease of use a handheld pendant is available for use in MDI, Auto and
Jog modes. The View mode will require Alt and the underlined letter to be
depressed. This method of accessing command buttons may also be used in all
of the other screens as well.
Windows Environment
When running long CAM generated toolpath programs , any open applications
should be closed so that system resources are dedicated to running the motion
control software. This is particularly important when running at high speeds to
insure the highest block throughput. The flexibility of the Windows environment
may be used in any other of the operating modes. Windows Notepad or Wordpad
may be used to view, create or edit cnc files.
7
MDI MODE
The MDI mode allows the user to manually manipulate the machine by entering
in certain Mcodes or Gcodes directly. This mode is useful for moving any or all
axes or activating auxiliary functions via Gcodes.
Description Function
User enters spindle speed in rpm. Outputs voltage to spindle axis when Go
Spindle command button is activated.
8
User enters Gcode or Mcode command for immediate execution. First click on
white box to get cursor. Then type Gcode command. Click on cycle start
command button to execute command. Spaces must be entered between
parameters just as the parameters would be entered in a Gcode (cnc ) file.
The default mode for this box is G00 or rapid moves. Therefore typing
X5 Y10 Z1
Or
And Clicking on the Cycle Start command button will initiate a rapid move to
absolute position X5 Y10 Z1 with all 3 axes starting and stopping simultaneously.
hitting C on the keyboard or the cycle start button on the pendant will also initiate
motion. Note that the G00 may be omitted but that gcode commands are modal
in the MDI mode. In other words the control will stay in G00 mode until another
Gcode for instance G01 is used.
Prep Functions
Activate via mouse
G00 Rapid mode moves entered will occur at rapid rate ( Default )
Aux Functions
Activate via mouse
9
M09 Sets output 1 Low
M25 Returns Z axis to Z0 (rapid move) click On then hit Cycle Start to
activate
Pause Pauses motion during G00 or G01 command hit resume to continue
Or Abort to abort move.
Resume Used to resume motion after a Pause has been initiated
The feed override slider allows the user to change the vector feedrate
while the machine is performing a feed move. The slider may be adjusted at any
10
time and will alter the feedrate from 0-200% of the programmed feedrate. The
feedrate may be changed by clicking and dragging the slider via the mouse, or
by using the (+) or (-) override keys on the pendant. Each button press on the
pendant will modify the feedrate. Do not hold the key down on the pendant as
only 1 incremental change in feedrate will occur.
The S key from the keyboard will increase the override value and the K key will
decrease the override value.
ASTART Starts A axis motion to value entered in A axis deg text box
A axis will rapid at prescribed rapid rate to absolute position.
A axis value is in degrees. ( Replaces cycle start for A axis)
Command Format
The default configuration is for G00 G90 G71 therefore rapid moves, in absolute
coordinates in English units is the default mode. Motion is initiated by the Cycle
Start command button . Motion may be stopped by the Pause button and
resumed by the Resume button or aborted by the Abort button.
Commands should have one space between parameters and only one command
per line can be entered.
For rapid moves like the above the G00 may be omitted therefore the command
will also execute a rapid move since the G00 mode is assumed unless otherwise
specified.
11
Will move the X Y and Z axes along the vector X12 Y2 Z.005 at the vector feed
rate of 10 inches per minute as designated by F10. Keep in mind that the
commands are modal therefore all subsequent moves will occur at this feed rate
If no other gcode is specified. During G01 or feed moves the feed rate may be
altered during motion by using the feed override slider.
It is often useful to redefine the axes current position to zero a tool or to specify a
starting position. The G92 command is useful for this situation.
G92 X3 Y0 Z0
12
JOG MODE
The jog mode allows the user to perform defined incremental moves of the
machine axes. This mode is useful for positioning the spindle relative to the
workpiece, setting up a dial indicator or performing machining operations which
require manual manipulation of one or more axes.
Auxiliary Buttons
13
Set Spindle Speed Box
Enter the desired spindle speed . Hit the Go Spindle command button to output
this signal to the spindle. * Only enabled when the 4th axis spindle has been configured
Jog Increment
Go Starts jog continuous mode. Runs the currently selected axis in the
selected direction at the jog continuous feed rate until the stop
button is pressed. Feed rate is selected by the CJM slider
CJM Feed Slider which selects continuous jog mode feed rate (adjustable on
the fly)
Select an Axis
X Selects X axis
14
Y Selects Y axis
Z Selects Z axis
A Select A axis ( optional)
Direction
JOG Operation
For a continuous motion with an undefined distance use the jog continuous
mode. Select the axis and direction as usual and specify a feedrate using the
Continuous Jog Mode feedrate slider. The Go command button will cause
continuous motion on the selected axis at the chosen feedrate until the Stop
command button is actuated.
The Define reference position buttons will zero any of the 3 axes.
For A axis movement, upon selecting the A axis, the A axis incremental
jog buttons appear. Enter the jog increment in degrees. Clicking on the Move A
axis button will index the 4th axis by the entered increment.
15
FILE MODE
The file utility is used to select the file that is to be run in AUTO mode or viewed
in VIEW mode. Files may only be viewed after preprocessing by entering Auto
mode and then exiting and going into view mode. All files must have a .cnc
extension or they will not be recognized by WinGcnc as valid tool path or Gcode
files. Simply click on the selected file and click on Open or double click on the
selected file. Cancel returns control to the main menu.
16
VIEW TOOLPATH MODE
The view toolpath mode allows the user to view translated toolpaths prior to
running them. First a file must be selected using the File mode. Then, enter the
Auto mode from the main menu until the auto mode screen appears. From this
screen Exit and then proceed to the View mode
17
Down Moves image down on screen
It may be necessary too keep hitting UP to move the image up and into view
when viewing some toolpaths. Rapid moves are displayed with a different color
than typical feed moves.
18
AUTO MODE
The Auto mode allows the user to run a created tool path. The path must first be
selected using the file mode and must adhere to proper file formatting rules. See
the section on file format. There is no limitation on file length. Larger files may
however take longer to process. Once you have entered the second Auto mode
screen Cycle Start will begin file execution and Pause may be used to pause or
Abort the cycle.
Current block in buffer Shows last block sent to 500 block lookahead buffer
19
Total lines Shows total number of lines in translated program
During file running ,the feedrate may be changed by clicking on the feed override
slider. Motion may also be paused or aborted by the Pause button.
20
SYSTEM MODE
Selecting system mode allows the user to view machine and controller settings.
The Galil terminal software will be used to configure the majority of these
parameters which involve servo tuning and motor accel/deccel.The remaining
parameters such as card base address and encoder counts for each axis are set
in the config screen as discussed earlier. The Timing factor value is set in the
calibration screen.
Two parameters the corner rate and the corner angle dictate how the control will
Handle abrupt angle changes in the toolpath.
Corner rate. Specifies default speed in counts/sec that the machine will
decelerate to in sharp corners. This value is scaled by feed override
21
RESET (CONTROLLER ) MODE
Performs a controller reset. Position information will be lost.All values not burned
into Galil memory will be lost and reset to their default value. This is not a
Master reset. Use this mode after running into a clamp, a stop or when a
position error Has occurred. If the OE (off on error ) command has been set the
controller will disable the drive command for the affected axis if a position error
greater than the position error threshold setting has occurred. These settings are
both Galil parameters and more information on them may be found in the Galil
documentation that came with your controller card.
22
TOOL MODE
The tool mode allows the user to input values for 12 tool lengths along with work
offset and a reference tool number. The offset value is the distance from machine
home (Z0) down to the part Zero using the reference tool in the tool holder.
Setting this value properly insures that tool length is properly compensated for
when doing tool changes. The boxes in white are current values. New values are
entered under the column with the yellow box labeled Input New Values.The
current values will not change until the Apply command button is activated. The
input values take effect when an M06 Tn is used in the cnc file. Where n is a
value from 1-12.
The Exit command button will return the user to the main menu
23
TERMINAL MODE
The terminal mode is similar to the Galil Terminal software that came with your
controller card. It allows you to send Galil commands directly to the controller.
This mode is useful for adjusting the PID filter coefficients or checking card
status. Consult your Galil operations manual and command reference for more
Information on the Galil command set. To send commands to the controller Type
the command in the enter command box and click on the send command button.
The controller response will appear in the controller response box.
The Exit command button will return the user to the main menu.
Boxes
Command Buttons
Accessible via the mouse
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EXIT Return to the main menu
25
CALIBRATE MODE
The calibrate mode was mentioned earlier in the manual under setup. It need be
run only after the software has been installed or reinstalled. Once the calibration
parameter has been found it is automatically stored in a configuration file called
config.jra You may wish to make a backup copy of this file since it contains your
machine Configuration parameters. Click on the OK command button to begin
calibration. Wait until the calibration value appears in the Cal Value box. The
calibration is now complete. You may now use the EXIT button to return to the
main menu.
Boxes
Command Buttons
Access via mouse
26
CONFIG MODE
The configure menu allows the user to change parameters for the setup of the
machine. These values are stored in a file called config.jra. You may wish to
make a backup copy of this file once your machine is properly setup. This menu
is self explanatory. Type the new value in the white box under the input new
values Column. You must first set the cursor by using the mouse to set the
cursor in the parameter box you wish to change. The new setting will be updated
when the Apply command button is activated.
Box Description
Accessible via mouse and
keyboard
27
Corner Corner feed rate in encoder counts/sec
Tool Chg with PLC Switches tool change with PLC ON or OFF if avail
Inch or Metric Selects inch or metric default units (If metric Enccpix
Enccpiy,Enccpiz, Feed and Rapid values must be in mm units)
Spindle Axis On Galil cards with more than 3 axis the additional
Axis may be used to control spindle speed. Enter the
letter designating the axis to be used . W on a 4 axis
card, E or W on a 5 axis card P for our Printer port
Spindle speed controllers
Printer Port Address Enter the decimal address for the printer port the
Spindle Speed control box is connected to.
Select Galil Axis Sets which axis to use for rotary axis usually W
But depends on how many axes available. Consult
The Galil manual.
Counts per degree Number of encoder counts or steps per degree for 4th
axis.
28
Handwheel Settings Optional
Handwheel Axis Selects the encoder channel to use for the handwheel
This encoder axis must be unused.See the
handwheel section in this manual fore more
information on handwheel operation.
Command Buttons
Accessible via mouse and keyboard
29
HOME MODE
Home X axis
Runs axis at the homing speed designated by the Galil (SP) command
until the appropriate limit switch is encountered. After reaching the limit
the axis position is zeroed .This speed should typically be set very low to
insure accurate homing and the axis started an inch or less off of the limit.
The axis direction for homing must be set appropriately.
Make sure the axis is off the limit before homing !
Home Y axis
Runs axis at the homing speed designated by the Galil (SP) command
until the appropriate limit switch is encountered. After reaching the limit
the axis position is zeroed.This speed should typically be set very low to
insure accurate homing and the axis started an inch or less off of the limit.
The axis direction for homing must be set appropriately.
Make sure the axis is off the limit before homing !
30
Home Z axis
Runs axis at the homing speed designated by the Galil (SP) command
until the appropriate limit switch is encountered. After reaching the limit
the axis position is zeroed .This speed should typically be set very low to
insure accurate homing and the axis started an inch or less off of the limit.
The axis direction for homing must be set appropriately. For the card.
Make sure the axis is off the limit before homing !
Home All
Homes each axis per above in sequence starting with the Z axis then Y
axis then X axis. All axes are zeroed at completion.
Abort
Aborts homing sequence and stops axis.
Note
Axis homing direction is determined by the initial state of the home limit
switch for a given axis. To reverse the homing direction, simply switch the
N.O or N.C. contacts on the home limit switch. For this reason it is also
important to begin homing with the axis off of the limit or the homing
direction will be reversed.
31
DIAGNOSTIC MODE
Encoder Counts
Real time encoder readout for all axes. Assists in tuning of servo motors and
checking encoder counts per inch setting.
Displays real time switch status. Red LED indicates open switch. Green LED
indicates closed switch condition.
Output Status
Displays real time Aux output status for 8 the Galil digital outputs. Green LED
indicates logic high ( output on ). Red indicates logic low ( output off ). These
outputs may be turned on /off via the appropriate mcodes in the users cnc
program or using the pushbuttons in auto or MDI modes. They may also be
controlled via a PLC program for tool changers and other uses such as the
control of coolant pumps spindles clamps etc. See the section on Mcodes for
32
auxiliary outputs for more information. This information is useful for debugging
PLC programs.
Input Status
Displays the real time auxiliary input status of the 8 Galil digital inputs. Green
indicates a logic high condition and red a logic low condition. These inputs are
available from the Galil ICM1900/2900 boards and from the JRA breakout
boards. The inputs would typically connected to switches. This screen allows
users to determine switch status at a glance. It is also useful in debugging PLC
programs.
Output Byte
Input Byte
Spindle Voltage
Shows current voltage output to the spindle axis if enabled
Spindle Speed
Shows spindle rpm corresponding to output voltage This speed is determined by
The voltage and max spindle rpm setting in the configuration menu.
33
Conversational Add-ons (Optional)
The conversational routines allow users with no cnc programming experience to
easily and quickly create toolpaths for common shop operations. The screens
contain a list of parameters which define the operation desired. The user inputs
the appropriate parameters and a cnc file is automatically created by WinGcnc.
The file name is chosen by the user and stored and may then be run in Auto
mode as any other cnc file is run. It may also be edited in Notepad or Word pad.
Using these routines to generate pockets ,contours and hole patterns at the
machine without programming or using your CAM program is a powerful feature.
Several routines compensate for cutter diameter and allow for selection of finish
stock for removal as well as climb milling for finish cuts and Z axis ramping.
The bolt circle routine drills a series of holes around a given bolt circle diameter.
The center of the bolt circle hole may optionally be drilled. Either peck drilling or
standard drilling may be selected All coordinates are absolute unless otherwise
specified. The routine assume the top of the hole is at Z0. Click create file to
generate toolpath. The path may then be run in Auto mode .Files are found in the
default directory of WinGcnc.
34
File name Enter Name of the cnc file no extension
Start Angle Number of degrees from the horizontal ( y axis ) to the hole
center
Options
Peck Selects G83 Full retract peck Cycle with 0.100 pecks down
to depth when this option is checked.
Drill Center When checked the center of the bolt circle will be drilled
35
Drill Grid
The drill grid routine drills a series of holes which are spaced by the x spacing / y
spacing parameters. The holes may use standard drilling or pecking cycles. The
top of the plate is assumed to be Z0 . All parameters are absolute coordinates
unless otherwise specified. Click create file to generate the toolpath. The path
may be run in Auto Mode. Files are found in the default directory of WinGcnc.
36
Depth Inc Increment of Z axis when using peck cycle
OPTION
Peck G83 Use full retract peck cycle when selected (G83)
37
Contour
The contour mode allows the user to machine circular or rectangular paths. The
cutter diameter is compensated for in the tool path. The user must select which
piece he intends to save.( the inside slug or the outside hole) The designated
shape will be finished to the final size and climb milled for the best surface finish.
The finish cut will remove the specified amount of finish stock. The cutter will be
ramped down to the incremental depth on each pass on rectangular shapes. On
circular shapes the cutter will plunge to the incremental depth. The top of the
work piece is considered Z0 and all coordinates are absolute. Click “create file” to
create cnc toolpath. The path may then be run in Auto mode as usual .Files are
found in the default directory of WinGcnc.
38
Diameter Diameter of circle ( OD or ID) (circle only )
39
Pocket Routine
The pocket mode allows the user to machine circular or rectangular cavities. The
cutter diameter is compensated for in the tool path. The designated shape will be
finished to the final size and climb milled for the best surface finish. The finish cut
will remove the specified amount of finish stock. The cutter will plunge to the
incremental depth on each pass. It will zigzag on rectangular shapes. On circular
shapes the cutter will plunge to the incremental depth and will machine in circles
of decreasing diameter based on the stepover parameter. The top of the
workpiece is considered Z0 and all coordinates are absolute. Click create file to
create the cnc toolpath. The path may then be run in Auto mode as usual. Files
are found in the default directory of WinGcnc.
40
Y End Y axis coordinate of upper right corner ( rectangle
only )
41
Face Routine
The face routine is used to face or level the workpiece. The start point should be
the lower left corner of the workpiece. The endpoint will depend on the X length,
Y length and stepover values. The cutter path is a zigzag with the first move in
the positive X direction. Make sure the Y length divides evenly by the stepover.
Files are created by clicking the “Create File” button. The path may then be run in
Auto mode as usual. Files are found in the default directory of WinGcnc.
42
Cutter Diam Diameter of cutter ( reference only )
43
Slot Routine
The slot routine allows the user to machine one or more slots without the need to
write a gcode program . The slots will be the same diameter as the cutter used.
There is no cutter compensation in this routine. The slots will be machined from
the start point to the end point. The cutter will ramp or plunge in Z depending on
the option selected. Each traverse from start to end point will descend the
incremental Z amount specified. The top of the plate is assumed to be Z0.
Multiple slots may be machined with X or Y offsets specified. Slots must be
specified with identical X axis values or identical Y axis values. Diagonal slots are
not allowed. Files are created by clicking the “create file” command button and
may then be run in Auto Mode. Files are found in the default directory.
44
Y End Y axis coordinate of slot endpoint ( absolute
coordinates)
Options
45
DRO Routine
The DRO routine allows the cnc machine to be used as a manual mill using the
encoders on the motors to report the current axis position. This mode
automatically disables the motor command signal to the amplifier allowing the
axes to be moved by manually rotating a handwheel. A servo lock may also be
achieved by switching one or more axes ON. Upon exiting this routine the motor
command signals for all axes will be automatically enabled restoring proper servo
operation.
Command Buttons
46
Z On Servo lock Z axis on
47
Handwheel Mode
Description
The Handwheel Mode allows the machine to be controlled via encoder signals
generated from a Digital handwheel . JRA offers a digital handwheel pendant.
(See the appendices at the end of this manual). In this mode the machine
mimics the motion of the handwheel. This is equivalent to turning a crank on a
manual machine with the added flexibility of being able to change gear ratios.
For example in X.1 mode one turn of the crank may be .010”. In X10 mode 1 turn
is 1 inch.
48
Typically the higher the encoder resolution used the better. This provides
smoother motion in the X5 and X10 modes.
Command Buttons
Axis Select
X Select X axis
Y Select Y axis
Z Select Z axis
Handwheel Multipliers
Mcodes
49
Appendix A
Please read this entire section carefully and refer to the cnc file examples
supplied with your software for proper file format. It is recommended that your
post processor be configured to generate G00 and G01 moves throughout your
program even for arcs and curves. The post should also be configured to
generate paths in inch units and with absolute coordinates instead of
incremental. Doing this will insure proper machine operation and eliminate
configuration headaches.
The very first move in the CNC file must be the start position .It must consist of a
3 axis move as illustrated below. If the machine is not at the start position it will
rapid to this position in a vector move. If the machine is at the start position no
motion will occur.
Example:
N10 G00 X0 Y0 Z0
Format Rules
1 space must precede all letters except letters at the beginning of a line
1 Gcode or Mcode per line
Block numbers must begin with N but are optional
( indicates a comment line and will be ignored
Commands are modal except G02/G03
50
N100 G00 X5.123 Y3.234 Z4.125
G00 = Gcode command( see list ) must have space before and
after
G04 (Dwell)
N10 G04 P1
S Spindle Speed
Example:
S1000
This command should come after a G00 move and be on a line by itself
51
Supported Mcodes
M02
Program end this must be the last line in a program
M06 T_
Tool change Mcode
Upon receiving this code the Z axis will automatically return to the Z0
position and await the next tool. Caution must be used not to perform a
G92 when using this command.
The tool length offset and work offset will go into effect when this code is
used. The number after the T designates the tool number. Make sure you
are familiar with proper machine operation before using this code.
M00 OP STOP
M08 aux1 high output for external control of devices
M09 aux 1 low output for external control of devices
Please consult your operating manual for your galil controller to determine
the terminal pin number for connection to the ICM 2900 or ICM 1900
interface boards.
52
Supported GCODES
G00 RAPID
G01 FEED
G02 CIR INT CW Not supported in MDI
G03 CIR INT CCW Not supported in MDI
*G04 DWELL Not supported in MDI
G80 Peck Cycle cancel Not supported in MDI
G81 Spot drill Cycle Not supported in MDI
G83 Full retract Peck Cycle Not supported in MDI
G85 Boring Cycle Not supported in MDI
G70 INCH MODE
G71 METRIC MODE
G90 Absolute Coordinates
G91 Incremental Coordinates
G92 Reprogram part zero MDI MODE ONLY
S SPINDLE SPEED
* Under development
53
Appendix C
Canned cycles
The Canned cycles allow maximum flexibility in repetitive production drilling and
boring applications. A predefined header which describes the cycle is designated
by a special gcode G81,G83 or G85. After this has been defined the user simply
Inputs hole locations into the program and the predefined peck or drill cycle is
automatically executed at every hole location. To terminate the canned cycle the
G80 code is issued.
Format
G80
M02
The x y coordinate after the G81 command gives the location of the first hole to
be drilled
R1 The number after R1 designates the absolute position of the top of the hole
R2 Z axis position of the drill return
R3 z axis depth of hole ( incremental no minus sign )
Example
This program will drill 4 holes .5 inches deep returning the drill .1 inches above
the plate at a 1 inch/min feedrate.
54
G83 Full Retract Peck Cycle
Drills and pecks holes and brings drill all the way out of the hole between each
peck to allow the chips to clear.
Format
Start position
G83 X_ Y_ R1_ R3_R4_R5_ F_
X_ Y_
G80
M02
R1 The number after R1 designates the absolute position of the top of the
hole
R3 z axis depth of first peck ( incremental no minus sign)
R4 Z axis depth of 2nd and subsequent pecks
R5 Number of pecks
F Feed rate in inches per minute
EXAMPLE
SEE THE PECK83.CNC PROGRAM INCLUDED WITH YOUR SOFTWARE
REMEMBER TO USE PROPER SPACING BETWEEN PARAMETERS
55
REMEMBER TO USE PROPER SPACING BETWEEN PARAMETERS
Similar to a drill cycle but tool retracts at the feed rate instead of at the rapid rate
Format
Start position
G85 X_ Y_ R1_ R2_R3_ F_
X_ Y_
G80
M02
56
Appendix D
PLC Operation and commands
The PLC uses a simple script language. No ladder logic programming knowledge
is necessary. The programs may be written using Notepad/Wordpad. The
commands are in red. Make sure you follow the correct format.
WinPLC COMMANDS
COMMAND ACTION
M08 LINE 1 ON
M09 LINE 1 OFF
M10 LINE 2 ON
M11 LINE 2 OFF
M70 LINE 3 ON
M71 LINE 3 OFF
M72 LINE 4 ON
M73 LINE 4 OFF
M74 LINE 5 ON
M75 LINE 5 OFF
M76 LINE 6 ON
M77 LINE 6 OFF
M78 LINE 7 ON
M79 LINE 7 OFF
M80 LINE 8 ON
M81 LINE 8 OFF
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WAIT FOR SWITCH TO GO LOW COMMANDS
EXAMPLES
RULES
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Example1
COMMENTS
Example2
COMMENTS
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Running the PLC program
As mentioned earlier, the PLC program is run from within your gcode file while
the control is in the Auto Mode. The PLC program you have written will execute
when it is called from your gcode file. Upon completion of the PLC program , the
next gcode will be read and the cnc program will continue as normal.
ABORT PLC
In the event an error occurs in the plc program such as waiting for a limit switch
to go low when the switch is not connected, the PLC program may be aborted by
clicking on the ABORT PLC command button. The gcode file will then process as
normal. You can also use this feature to debug your plc program by aborting then
checking input and output status using the Diagnostic Mode.
If the toolchange with PLC is set to ON in the configuration menu, the following
will occur after a M06 Tn command is encountered in the Auto Mode
3. After completion of the PLC program the gcode file will run as normal
If a length has been entered for the new tool then new tool length will be
compensated for automatically
G00 X0 Y0 Z0
M06 T1 CALLS M06 T1.SLC PROGRAM from previous example
G00 Z-.2
G01 X5 F20
Y5
X0
Y0
G00 Z0
M02
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Standard PLC
The PLC may also be used to control auxiliary devices by calling a single mcode
Which performs a variety of I/O operations such as turning on pumps and valves
and waiting for switches to activate. The PLC program is written as described
before and is called by using a single mcode instead of having to rewrite the
program of I/O events each time it is needed.
G00 X0 Y0 Z0
MLC1 CALLS MLC1.SLC PROGRAM from EARLIER example
G00 Z-.2
G01 X5 F20
Y5
X0
Y0
G00 Z0
M02
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JRA Digital Handwheel Pendant
The pendant will allow control of the machine without having to use the keyboard
or mouse. The rotary hand wheel is for use in hand wheel mode only and will
allow the machine to be moved via the hand wheel. The machine will exactly
mimic the hand wheel motion. Your Galil card must either be a 4 axis Econo
series card or a 3 axis Optima series card. The encoder setting for the hand
wheel must be entered in the Configure page of the WinGcnc software. The
travel multiplier keys determine the distance the machine will move per hand
wheel revolution. These keys are accessed via the hand wheel mode screen.
The X,Y and Z select keys on the pendant determine which axis to move.
Direction and speed of hand wheel rotation, will determine machine direction
and speed.
The Hand wheel pendant provides three pushbutton switches for CYCLE
START, PAUSE and RESUME and may be used in MDI and AUTO MODES.
Feed override is also include on the pendant to allow the user to remotely
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increase or decrease the feed rate in MDI and Auto modes. Each hit on either of
the feed override keys causes the feed rate to increase or decrease by 5%.
Holding this key down will not change the override value.
The Pendant emulates the keyboard. In other words hitting a particular button on
the pendant is the same as hitting the designated key on the keyboard. Electrical
isolation in the pendant box provides noise free operation at over 25 feet from the
keyboard.
System Components
1) Pendant
2) Pendant control box
3) Keyboard cable
4) DB25 cable
5) DB9 encoder cable (optional)
Caution
Keep the pendant box away from all magnetic fields
Button Descriptions
Cycle Start Starts program in Auto mode or Begins motion in MDI mode. Same as cycle start
key
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Continues motion after a manual tool change in Auto
OVR+ Each press increases feed rate in MDI and Jog Modes
“Stop” in continuous Jog mode
OVR- Each press decreases feed rate in MDI and Jog Modes
“Start” in continuous Jog Mode
Price $525.00
Optional DB9 Connector
$15.00
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JRA Standard Pendant
Pendant Operation
The pendant will allow for some control of the machine without having to use the
keyboard or mouse. The majority of the keys are for use in Jog Mode. The three
large pushbutton switches are for CYCLE START, PAUSE and RESUME.
And may be used in MDI and AUTO MODES. Feed override is also include on
the pendant to allow the user to remotely increase or decrease the feed rate in
MDI and Jog modes.
The Pendant emulates the keyboard. In other words hitting a prticular button on
the pendant is the same as hitting the designated key on the keyboard. Electrical
isolation in the pendant box provides noise free operation. At over 25 feet from
the keyboard.
System Components
6) Pendant
7) Pendant control box
8) Wall transformer
9) Keyboard cable
10) DB25 cable
Power up your PC. You should now be able to control your machine via the
pendant
Button Descriptions
Start Starts program in Auto mode or Begins motion in MDI mode. Same as cycle start
key
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Z Selects Z axis in Jog Mode
+ Select (+ )direction in Jog Mode
- Selects (–) direction in Jog Mode
0.0001” Moves selected axis this amount in jog mode ( same as command button)
0.001” Moves selected axis this amount in jog mode ( same as command button)
0.010” Moves selected axis this amount in jog mode ( same as command button)
0.100” Moves selected axis this amount in jog mode ( same as command button)
1.000” Moves selected axis this amount in jog mode ( same as command button)
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