EXPERIMENT NO.

3
DISCRETE-TIME CONVULTION AND Z-TRANSFORM

PROCEDURE A: CONVOLUTION OF DISCRETE-TIME SIGNAL

1. Encode the following command:
--> h=[3 2 1 -2 1 0 -4 0 3];
--> n=0.8;
--> subplot(3,1,1);
--> plot2d3(n,h);
--> mtlb_grid;
--> ylabel ('Amplitude');xlabel('Time Index n');
--> x=[1 -2 3 -4 3 2 1];
--> n=0:6;
--> subplot(3,1,2);
--> plot2d3(n,x);
--> mtlb_grid;
--> ylabel('Amplitude');xlabel('Time Index n');
--> y=convol(h,x);
--> n=0:14;
--> subplot(3,1,3);
--> plot2d3(n,y);
--> mtlb_grid;
--> ylabel('Amplitude');xlabel ('Time Index n');
--> title('Output Obtained by Convultion');
 EXPERIMENT NO.3
DISCRETE-TIME CONVULTION AND Z-TRANSFORM

2. Observe and draw the figure generated.

Figure A.1: Graphical representation of convolution of discrete-time signal.

OBSERVATIONS A: CONVOLUTION OF DISCRETE-TIME SIGNAL

1. Modify program 1 to develop a convolution of a length -15 sequence h[n] with a
length -10 sequence x[n].

Figure A.2: Graphical representation of convolution of a length -15 sequence h[n] with a length -10 sequence x[n].
 EXPERIMENT NO.3
DISCRETE-TIME CONVULTION AND Z-TRANSFORM

2. Modify program 1 to develop a convolution of a length -19 sequence h[n] with a

length -13 sequence x[n].

Figure A.3: Graphical representation of convolution of a length -19 sequence h[n] with a length -13 sequence x[n].
 EXPERIMENT NO.3
DISCRETE-TIME CONVULTION AND Z-TRANSFORM

3. Modify program 1 to develop a convolution of a length -23 sequence h[n] with a

length -16 sequence x[n].

Figure A.3: Graphical representation of convolution of a length -23 sequence h[n] with a length -16 sequence x[n].
 EXPERIMENT NO.3
DISCRETE-TIME CONVULTION AND Z-TRANSFORM

PROCEDURE B: Z-TRANSFORMATION (Chirp z-transform Algorithm)

1. Encode the following command:
--> a=.7*exp(%i*%pi/6);
--> [ffr,bds]=xgetech();
--> rect=[-1.2, -1.2*sqrt(2),1.2,1.2*sqrt(2)];
--> t=2*%pi*(0:179)/179;xsetech([0,0,0.5,1]);
--> plot2d(sin(t)',cos(t)',[2],"012",' ',rect);
--> plot2d([0 real(a)]',[0 imag(a)]',[3],"000");
--> xsegs([-1.0,0;1.0,0],[0,-1.0;0,1.0]);
--> w0=.93*exp(-%i*%pi/15);w=exp(-(0:9)*log(w0));z=a*w;
--> zr=real(z);zi=imag(z);
--> plot2d(zr',zi',[5],"000");
--> xsetech([0.5,0,0.5,1]);
--> plot2d(sin(t)',cos(t)',[2],"012",' ',rect);
--> plot2d([0 real(a)]',[0 imag(a)]',[-1],"000");
--> xsegs([-1.0,0;1.0,0],[0,-1.0;0,1.0]);
--> w0=w0/(.93*.93);w=exp(-(0:9)*log(w0));z=a*w;
--> zr=real(z);zi=imag(z);
--> plot2d(zr',zi',[5],"000");
--> xsetech(ffr,bds);

2. Observe and draw the figure generated.

Figure B.1: Graphical representation of z-transform of discrete-time signal.

 EXPERIMENT NO.3
DISCRETE-TIME CONVULTION AND Z-TRANSFORM

3. Add a negative sign on the value .7 in the syntax a=.7*exp(%i*%pi/6);. What is the
result?

Figure B.3: Graphical representation of z-transform of discrete-time signal when 0.7 is negative.

4. Replace the value .7 into 1.9 in the syntax a=.7*exp(%i*%pi/6); and then type again
the program. What is the result?

Figure B.4: Graphical representation of z-transform of discrete-time signal

when 0.7 is replaced by 1.9 in the syntax a= syntax a=.7*exp(%i*%pi/6);.

 EXPERIMENT NO.3
DISCRETE-TIME CONVULTION AND Z-TRANSFORM

5. Replace the value 6 to 2 in the syntax a=.7*exp(%i*%pi/6); and then type again the
program. What is the result?

Figure B.5: Graphical representation of z-transform of discrete-time signal

when 6 is replaced by 2 in the syntax a= syntax a=.7*exp(%i*%pi/6);.

OBSERVATIONS B: Z-TRANSFORMATION (Chirp z-transform Algorithm)

1. What is the used of xgetech(), xsetech and xsegs syntax in the program?
xsetech : to set graphic context values.
xgetech : to get information on the current graphic context
xsegs: draws a set of unconnected segments.
2. Compare it to the result of the ROC’s obtained from the program.
It varies depending on the syntax values.
ANSWERS TO THE REPORT:
1. How does the convolution of the given impulse response and input sequence is
obtained in procedure A?
The output convolution was obtained in procedure A by blending one function to
another which is the given impulse response and input sequence functions.
2. In what application does a chirp z-transform algorithm is used?
It can efficiently evaluate the z-transform at M points in the z-plane which lie on
circular or spiral contours beginning at any arbitrary point in the z-plane.
3. What factor determines the region of convergence (ROC) of z-transform?
The entire z-plane determines the region of convergence of the z-transform.