Handbook On VHF Set 25 W

CAMTECH/S/2002/VHF/1.
0 1
VHF SET (25 WATT)

1. Introduction
It is used as VHF equipment for base stations and

mobile VHF set for Locos of Universal emergency
communication system in Indian Railway. The
objective of the universal emergency
communication system is to install a system for
establishing following communication:
i. Driver and Guard of a train and vice versa.
ii. Driver of a train in section and Station

master of nearest station and vice versa.
iii. Guard of a train in section and Station master

of nearest station and vice versa.
iv. Driver and Guard of a train in section and

Driver and Guard of another train within the
vicinity of 7.5 kms.
v. To extend communication from driver/guard

to section controller, when required, with the
help of interface units at base units.
vi. Driver/ Guard/Station master initiate distress

warning calls to the train/ stations which are
equipped with mobile communication
systems and are with in the vicinity of 7.5
kms from the origin of distress signal.
VHF SET 25 WATT December’2002

CAMTECH/S/2002/VHF/1.0 2
For above communication emergency

communication system is consist of following sub
systems.
a. VHF equipment for base station.
b. Mobile VHF set for Locos.
c. Hand held VHF walkie talkie set.
d. Ground plane antenna for base station.
e. Low profile antenna for Locos.
f. Power supply for mobile VHF set in Loco

motive (Electric).
g. Power supply for mobile VHF set in Loco

motive (Diesel).
At base stations VHF sets of 25 watt and at locos

mobile VHF set of 10 watt are being used. This
handbook covers operating instructions,
installation, testing & maintenance of VHF set 25
watt.
2. Description
VHF set 25-watt equipment is installed in each

Railway Station to work as the base station for
emergency communication system. The equipment

is fixed permanently in suitable location inside the

station master room. The VHF set is primarily
meant for emergency communication between the
station and the train. However in exceptional cases
the equipment is also used be used for
communication between two adjacent stations.
An omnidirectional ground plane antenna fixed at a

suitable height, mounted on a GI pipe or a
lightweight mast erected by the side of the station
building. Low loss coaxial VHF cable is connecting
this antenna to the VHF equipment.
The VHF set is mounted on the top of the table or

fixed on the wall adjacent to the station master on
duty. The VHF set is provided with speaker & hand
held microphone with press to talk switch having
flexible connecting cord.
The power supply is provided through a 12-volt

battery bank of minimum 40 AH capacity. There is
an interface unit at each base station for manual
patching with control circuit.

2.1 Design Philosophy
The design of the VHF base station equipment is

based on microprocessor controlled frequency
synthesis.
2.2 Channeling Scheme

.
VHF set is programmed for two channels minimum.
The distributions of these channels are as below:
Channel 1: Frequency F1 allocated for

voice communication
amongst drivers, guards and
station masters.
Channel 2: Frequency F2 allocated for

distress warning ( SOS ).
2.3 Channels
The radio is capable for setting upto 16 channels.

These channels can not be programmed through any
control switches of the radio panel. Either
manufacturer or Railway’s authorised staff can do
programming.

2.4 Frequency Band
The system is operate in 146.2 – 151.25 MHz and

159.6 – 169.95 MHz bands. The exact frequencies
are as under:
F1 = 160.400 MHz & F2 = 160.450 MHz
2.5 Modulation : Frequency Modulation
2.6 Channel Spacing : 12.5 KHz
2.7 Mode of Operation : Simplex
2.8 Frequency Stability : + 5 ppm
2.9 Supply Voltage : 12 Volt DC (Nominal)
2.10 Antenna Impedance : 50 ohms
2.11 Receiver
Receiver is equipped with the facility of scanning

channel. The channel frequencies of the receiver are
programmable.
2.12 Channel Selection
When powered the radio shall automatically select

emergency voice channel-1 with facility of
“scanning channel -2” i.e. SOS channel. No separate
channel selection is required.

2.13 SOS channel
Channel 2 is designated as SOS channel for

transmission of distress call. SOS cal is initiated by
pressing of two buttons simultaneously for at least 3
seconds. The buttons are red colored and the letter
‘S’ is engraved on the buttons in luminous paint.
The SOS channel is scanned at least once in ten
seconds. There is not perceptible cut in the speech
when the SOS channel is scanned.
2.14 Distress Calls (SOS call)
This system have provision for transmission of

distress call (SOS) to approaching trains as well as
stations within a radius of at least 7.5 Km. The
distress call is consist of suitable continuous
multifrequency audio tone. The tone is consist of
two frequencies i.e. 941 Hz and 1633 Hz transmitted
for 3 seconds alternately for a total duration of 30
seconds. This cycle of transmission of SOS will
repeat on its own once again after an interval of 30
seconds. The stability of these frequencies is better
than + 1 Hz. The retransmission of the SOS signal is
required to ensure that all radios in the vicinity of
SOS origin to receive the same.
The distress call can be initiated by station masters.

After transmission of SOS, the VHF sets is returns
to normal voice operation. The transmission of SOS
tone is suitably displayed through LED indication
on the front panel of the equipment to attract

attention of station master/cabin staff. The time and

date of SOS transmission is get recorded on the
‘Event Logger’.
2.14.1 SOS Acknowledgement
When SOS is received, suitable audio-visual alarm

is operated, which will stop only when the
designated acknowledgement button ‘A’ is pressed.
This arrangement is provided in the equipment it
self. The date and time of reception of SOS signal is
also get recorded on the ‘Event Logger’. The button
A is green colored with ‘A’ engraved in luminous
paint.
2.14.2 Event Logger
It is an integral part of the VHF equipment. The

format of data to be recorded on Event Logger have
at least three parameters namely date, time and
transmission reception of SOS signals. The
necessary software and interface for down loading
the data from the event logger on a PC printer is
supplied by the vendor.
2.15 Interfacing with control circuit
It is possible to extend communication from driver

guard to section controller, when required. It is
achieved by using interface units at base units. This
unit is provide the interface from 4 wire omnibus
circuit to the radios. Transmission of a DTMF signal

over 4 wire control is executed by pressing PTT

(Press to talk) switch of VHF equipment. The
extension of omnibus circuit to the radio at the base
station is achieved by patching the control circuit
manually through the interface unit.
2.16 Transmitter
2.16.1 Power output antenna port : 40 Watt switchable to

25 w and 10 watt.
2.16.2 Frequency deviation : ±2.5 Khz (max)
2.16.3 Spurious emission : Better than 60 dbc
2.16.4 Transmitter output impedance : 50 ohms
2.16.5 Modulation sensitivity : Better than 10 mV at ± 1.5

KHz frequency deviation.
Modulation distortion: Better than 5% at 1 KHz and

± 2.5 KHz frequency deviation.
2.17 Receiver
2.17.1 Sensitivity: Better than 0.25 micro volt for 12 db

SINAD.
2.17.2 Adjacent channel selectivity: not less than 70 db

below carrier frequency.
2.17.3 Spurious and image rejection Better than 6 dB.

2.17.4 Audio output : Not less than 5 Watt at full volume.
2.17.5 Volume control : The minimum setting of volume

control is adjusted to 1 watt.
2.17.6 AF response: between + 1 dB and –3 dB with

reference to 1 KHz over the frequency range 300 Hz
to 3000 Hz.
2.17.7 Squelch: Adjustable from 0.5 micro volt to about 2

micro volt.
2.17.8 Hum and noise: Level is 40 dB below the rated

audio output when measured at nominal level of
input RF signal.
2.17.9 Inter modulation immunity: Better than 70 dB.
2.18 Indications:
Following indications are provided in the

equipment:
A) Power ON (Steady) low battery(flashing) -

Green LED.
B) Transmitter ON (Steady), SOS transmission
(Flashing) – Yellow LED.
C) Receiver ON (Steady), SOS reception
(Flashing) – Red LED.

2.19 Power supply
12 V Battery bank of minimum 40 AH capacity of

maintenance free VRLA batteries with suitable
chargers.
Voltage : 12 volt DC nominal.
2.20 Antenna :
The base VHF sets is work with ground plane

antenna which is permanently fixed on a GI pipe or
a light weight mast of suitable height erected by the
side of station building. Connection between the
equipment and the antenna is provided with low loss
co-axial VHF cable with loss less than 2.5 dB per
100 meters.
2.21 Speaker:
VHF sets have a heavy-duty loudspeaker 5-watt

output, which may be in-built, or external.
2.22 Microphone:
The equipment is provided with high efficiency

hand held microphone with press to talk switch.

2.23 Ground Plane Antenna
Ground plane antenna is used at base stations for

emergency VHF communication. Features are as
below:
2.23.1 Frequency Band 159.6 – 169.95 MHz tuned
for 160.40 & 160.45 MHz.
2.23.2 Power handling capacity 50 Watt (mini)

2.23.3 VSWR 1.3:1
2.23.4 Antenna Impedance 50 ohms
2.23.5 Antenna Gain Unity
2.23.6 Polarisation Vertical
2.23.7 Radiation Pattern Omni Directional
2.23.8 Connector N type
2.23.9 Height 1.5 m
2.23.10 Weight Less than 2.5 Kg.
2.23.11 Mounting Arrangement
Antenna is supplied with suitable arrangement

for mounting it on the mast or pipe.
2.23.12 Maximum Wind Speed 200 KMPH
2.23.13 Environmental condition OperatingTemperature

Range –10 to +650C


3. Installation
3.1 Planning
The base station/control station provides the radio

with a desk microphone and power supply for use at
a fixed location. Select a location near to the
stationmaster’s chair or it shall be on the table of
stationmasters.
Location shall be as close as possible to where the

antenna cable enters the building. Also ensure that
AC power supply available and sufficient air can
flow around the radio to permit adequate cooling.
3.2 Tools required
Following tools are required for installing the

transceiver:
Electric drill
Drill bits of different sizes
Hammer
Screw driver
3.3 DC Power Cable connection
I. Check for an existing hole conveniently

located through which the DC power cable
can be passed.

II. If no hole exists, install a rubber grommet by

drilling a hole.
III. Run the two-power cable leads.
IV. Start routing the power cable while keeping

the plug end of the cable at the transceiver.
V. Connect the red lead to the positive (+)

battery terminal or switched power source,
and the black lead to the negative (-) battery
terminal.
VI. Always locate the fuses as close to the

battery as possible.
VII. The transceiver operates in 12 V DC with

negative ground systems only. Always check
the battery polarity before installing the
transceiver.
VIII. Coil up the surplus cable and secure it out of

the way with the appropriate retaining strap.
IX. Ensure enough slack is available in the

cables so that the transceiver for servicing
with the power applied.

3.4 Transceiver Installation
I. Before installing the transceiver using the

mounting bracket, connect the antenna and
the supplied DC power cable to the
transceiver.
Figure given below shows the various parts of VHF

set:
1. Microphone
2. Microphone hanger
3. DC power cable
4. Mounting bracket
5. Speaker-jack cap
6. Hax headed screw
7. Self-tapping screw
8. Spring washer
9. Flat washer

I. Install the transceiver on the table or nearer to

stationmaster in such a way that the controls of
the front panel are within easy reach of the user.
II. Use the mounting bracket as a template to
locate the holes, then drill the holes and
mount the transceiver.
III. Leave sufficient room at the rear of the
transceiver for cable connections.
The diagram given below will guide in making

connections to the transceiver.

4. Operating instructions
Figure given below is a typical front panel diagram

of 16 channel transceiver model GM 300
(Motorola).

4.1 To turn the Radio On
Turn ON/OFF Volume knob to the right until it

clicks. The LED lights will show the last status of
the radio and a start-up tone will be heard.
4.2 To Receive
Set the volume by turning the ON/OFF volume knob

clockwise.
Select the channel by pressing the UP/DOWN
button.. Continued pressing of the button will scroll
through the channels.
To monitor a channel, press the Monitor button to

take the microphone off hook. When in the monitor
mode, the amber monitor LED will light steady.
To unsquelch the radio, press and hold the monitor

button for 2 seconds. To leave the unsquelch mode,
press the monitor button again. This will return the
radio to the coded squelch mode.
A short beep tone will be heard whenever a valid

keypress is made.
4.3 To transmit
When the channel is clear, press and hold down the

PTT button on the side of the microphone and speak
slowly and clearly. The Transmit/Busy LED will

remain red until the PTT button is released to

indicate that you are “on the air”.
.
The red Transmit/Busy LED will flash whenever
there is another carrier on the selected channel.
4.4 Channel Scan
The set may have preprogrammed scan list for each

active channel and a single user scan list which can
be programmed from the front panel.
4.4 To turn Scan ON or OFF
Press the scan button. The radio will only scan when
the microphone is on hook.
Green display segments will light to indicate that

scan is functional. Use the select button to advance
through the various scan types.
When an active channel is detected, the channel

number will be displayed and you will hear the call.
To leave scan, press the SCAN button.
4.5 To respond to scanned channel activity
When the microphone is lifted off hook, the radio

will suspend scanning and return to the channel
displayed before entering scan. If you wish to
transmit on another channel, press the up/down
button to reach the desired channel. Scan will
resume after replacing the microphone on hook.

4.6 To delete a nuisance channel
While receiving an undesired transmission, hold

down the select button for 2 seconds and the
nuisance channel will be temporarily deleted.
Priority channels and the home channel can not be
deleted.
4.7 To create or modify the user list
Hold the Scan button for 2 seconds until you hear a

second chirp tone and the channel number flashes.
The displayed channel can be added or deleted from
the user scan list by pressing the select button.
A vertical segment in the upper left corner of the

display will light and flash, alternating with the
channel number, to indicate that the flashing channel
has been added to the scan list. List segment will
disappear when the channel is deleted.
Use the UP/DOWN and select button to add or

delete other desired channels in user list.
4.7 To select Priority for the user list
Go to the desired channel and hold the select button

down for 2 seconds. The scan LED will flash to
indicate that this is the first priority channel. Repeat
the process to select a second priority channel.

Priority two will be indicated by a steady light on

the scan LED.
The priority one channel must be programmed first,

followed by the first priority channel. Deleting
either priority channel will delete both channels
simultaneously.
5. Maintenance Schedule
Sr Activity to check TCM/ JE/SE SSE/ I/C

MCM Section
1. Status of VHF set check Daily Monthly Quarterly
by test room.
2. Status of all VHF Daily Monthly Quarterly

simplex / duplex sets
installed at base stations
by line staff.
3. Testing for Working of Monthly Quarterly Half
channels. yearly
4. Check of Voltage and Weekly Monthly Quarterly
Sp.Gravity of battery set
5. Check of power supply Weekly Monthly Quarterly
6. Check of antenna and it’s Weekly Monthly Quarterly
support and feeder cable.
7. Earthing Weekly Monthly Quarterly

5. Joint inspection report of set
Defective with S&T for repairing
Being used for some purpose

Supplied to base stations.
On charge at base station
Defactive at base station
other than guard/driver

Lying unused in store
Description of items
communication
On run in train
Remarks
Sr.
1 VHF set
Make
1.
2.
2 Batteries
Make
1.
2.
3 Charger
Make
1.
2.
Condition of electric Input AC voltage Output AC voltage

wiring = before CVT= from CVT=
( ) ( )
Signature JE/SE/SSE/Tele Signature of Station I/C

With date and stamp With date and stamp
Sr.DSTE Sr.DME Sr.DOM

7. Do’s & Don’ts
7.1 Do’s
I Turn off the power immediately if an

abnormal odor or smoke is detected coming
from the transceiver.
II Always check the battery polarity and
voltage before installing the transceiver.
III Radio must be switched off while installing
or removing the system.
IV Turns off transceiver in area where blasting
is in progress.
7.2 Don’ts
I Do not operate radio while taking on fuel, or

while parked in gasoline service stations.
II Do not operate radio when anyone is
touching the antenna or when anyone is
standing within one meter of antenna to
avoid the possibility of radio frequency
burns or related physical injury.
III Do not operate transceiver in area where
blasting is in progress. Transmitting with
transceiver can cause dynamite blasting caps
to explode if such operations occur within
150 meters of the blasting caps.
IV Do not attempt to configure the transceiver
while driving because it is simply too
dangerous.

V Do not modify the transceiver for any

reason.
VI Do not expose the transceiver to long periods
of direct sunlight.
VII Do not place the transceiver near heating
appliances.
VIII Do not place the transceiver in excessively
dusty areas, humid areas and unstable
surfaces.
IX Do not use any radio having damaged
antenna.


Handbook On VHF Set 25 W

Caricato da

Informazioni sul documento

Titolo originale

Copyright

Formati disponibili

Condividi questo documento

Condividi o incorpora il documento

Opzioni di condivisione

Hai trovato utile questo documento?

Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

Handbook On VHF Set 25 W

Caricato da

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

CAMTECH/S/2002/VHF/1.

VHF SET (25 WATT)

It is used as VHF equipment for base stations and

i. Driver and Guard of a train and vice versa.

ii. Driver of a train in section and Station

iii. Guard of a train in section and Station master

iv. Driver and Guard of a train in section and

v. To extend communication from driver/guard

vi. Driver/ Guard/Station master initiate distress

VHF SET 25 WATT December’2002

For above communication emergency

a. VHF equipment for base station.

b. Mobile VHF set for Locos.

c. Hand held VHF walkie talkie set.

d. Ground plane antenna for base station.

e. Low profile antenna for Locos.

f. Power supply for mobile VHF set in Loco

g. Power supply for mobile VHF set in Loco

At base stations VHF sets of 25 watt and at locos

VHF set 25-watt equipment is installed in each

VHF SET 25 WATT December’2002

is fixed permanently in suitable location inside the

An omnidirectional ground plane antenna fixed at a

The VHF set is mounted on the top of the table or

The power supply is provided through a 12-volt

VHF SET 25 WATT December’2002

2.1 Design Philosophy

The design of the VHF base station equipment is

2.2 Channeling Scheme

Channel 1: Frequency F1 allocated for

Channel 2: Frequency F2 allocated for

The radio is capable for setting upto 16 channels.

VHF SET 25 WATT December’2002

2.4 Frequency Band

The system is operate in 146.2 – 151.25 MHz and

F1 = 160.400 MHz & F2 = 160.450 MHz

2.5 Modulation : Frequency Modulation

2.6 Channel Spacing : 12.5 KHz

2.7 Mode of Operation : Simplex

2.8 Frequency Stability : + 5 ppm

2.9 Supply Voltage : 12 Volt DC (Nominal)

2.10 Antenna Impedance : 50 ohms

Receiver is equipped with the facility of scanning

2.12 Channel Selection

When powered the radio shall automatically select

VHF SET 25 WATT December’2002

2.13 SOS channel

Channel 2 is designated as SOS channel for

2.14 Distress Calls (SOS call)

This system have provision for transmission of

The distress call can be initiated by station masters.

VHF SET 25 WATT December’2002

attention of station master/cabin staff. The time and

2.14.1 SOS Acknowledgement

When SOS is received, suitable audio-visual alarm

2.14.2 Event Logger

It is an integral part of the VHF equipment. The

2.15 Interfacing with control circuit

It is possible to extend communication from driver

VHF SET 25 WATT December’2002

over 4 wire control is executed by pressing PTT

2.16.1 Power output antenna port : 40 Watt switchable to

2.16.2 Frequency deviation : ±2.5 Khz (max)