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Subtopics
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Simplex – the communication is unidirectional Half Duplex - Each station can both transmit and
receive but not at same time
Ex keyboard and traditional monitor
Eg: Walkie-talkie
Full duplex - Both station can transmit and receive by communication links.
simultaneously
Eg : computer, printer etc
Eg: telephone system
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Reliability
Eg:- frequency of failure, time to recover failure and network
robustness in catastrophe (devastation)
Security
protect data from unauthorized access (hackers)
Protect data from damage and development
Implement policies and procedure for data recovery
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Advantages
Ease of installation
Cheapest topology to implement
Failure of one station does not affect others
Less expensive due to less footage of cabling and no network hubs
Good for smaller networks not requiring higher speeds
Disadvantages
Unidirectional traffic can be
disadvantage
A break in a ring can disable
entire network
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Protocols Standards
It defines what is communicated, how it is communicated Guideline for manufacturer to create and maintain any
and when it is communicated equipment to ensure the connectivity needed in market and
international communication
Element of protocols :
Guaranteeing national and international interoperability of
syntax - refers to the structure of format of the data data and telecommunication technology and process
semantic - refers to meaning of each section of bits Data communications standards fall into 2 categories:
timing - refers to 2 characteristic De facto - standard have been legislated through widespread
When data should be send use of people
How fast data can be sent De jure - standard have been legislated by an officially
standard organizations
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The End