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AISC LRFD-93 Example 002

WIDE FLANGE MEMBER UNDER COMBINED COMPRESSION & BIAXIAL BENDING

EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
A check of the column adequacy is checked for combined axial compression and
flexural loads. The column is 14 feet tall and loaded with an axial load,
Pu = 1400 kips and bending, M ux , M uy = 200k-ft and 70k-ft, respectively. It is
assumed that there is reverse-curvature bending with equal end moments about
both axes and no loads along the member. The column demand/capacity ratio is
checked against the results of Example 6.2 in the 3rd Edition, LRFD Manual of
Steel Construction, pages 6-6 to 6-8.

GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING

Member Properties Loading Geometry

W14X176 Pu = 1,400 kips H = 14.0 ft
E = 29000 ksi Mux = 200 kip-ft
Fy = 50 ksi Muy = 70 kip-ft

TECHNICAL FEATURES TESTED

 Section compactness check (compression)
 Member compression capacity
 Member bending capacity
 Demand/capacity ratio, D/C

AISC LRFD-93 Example 002 - 1

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RESULTS COMPARISON

Independent results are hand calculated and compared with the results from
Example 6.2 in the 3rd Edition, LRFD Manual of Steel Construction, pages 6-6 to
6-8.

Percent
Output Parameter ETABS Independent Difference
Compactness Compact Compact 0.00%

φc Pn (kips) 1937.84 1937.84 0.00%

φb M nx (k-ft) 1200 1200 0.00%

φb M ny (k-ft) 600.478 600.478 0.00%

D/C 0.974 0.974 0.00%

COMPUTER FILE: AISC LRFD-93 EX002

CONCLUSION
The results show an exact comparison with the independent results.

AISC LRFD-93 Example 002 - 2

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HAND CALCULATION

Properties:
Material: ASTM A992 Grade 50 Steel
Fy = 50 ksi, E = 29,000 ksi

Section: W14x176
A = 51.8 in2,
bf = 15.7 in, tf = 1.31 in, d = 15.2 in, tw = 0.83 in
hc = d − 2t f = 15.2 − 2 • 1.31 = 12.58 in
Ix = 2,140 in4, Iy = 838 in4, rx = 6.4275 in, ry = 4.0221 in
Sx = 281.579 in3, Sy = 106.7516 in3, Zx = 320.0 in3, Zy = 163.0 in3.

Member:
Kx = Ky = 1.0
L = Lb = 14 ft

Other
φc =0.85
φb =0.9

Loadings:
Pu = 1400 kips
Mux = 200 k-ft
Muy = 70 k-ft

Section Compactness:
Localized Buckling for Flange:

= λ
( b=
f / 2) (15.7 / 2)
= 5.99
tf 1.31
65 65
λ=
p = = 9.19
Fy 50
λ < λ p , No localized flange buckling
Flange is Compact.

AISC LRFD-93 Example 002 - 3

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Localized Buckling for Web:

h 12.58
λ= c= = 15.16
tw 0.83
φb Py =φb Ag Fy =0.9 • 51.8 • 50 =
2331 kips
Pu 1400
= = 0.601
φb Py 2331

Pu
Since = 0.601 > 0.125
φb Py
191  P  253
=λp  2.33 − u  ≥
Fy  φb Py  Fy
191 253
=
λp ( 2.33 − 0.601
= ) 46.714 ≥ = 35.780
50 50
λ < λ p , No localized web buckling
Web is Compact.

Section is Compact.

Member Compression Capacity:

For braced frames, K = 1.0 and KxLx = KyLy = 14.0 ft, From AISC Table 4-2,

φc Pn =
1940 kips

Or by hand,

K y L Fy 1.0 • 14 • 12 50
=λc = = 0.552
ry π E 4.022 • π 29000

Since λ c < 1.5,

(
Fy 0.658λc
Fcr =
2

)=
50 • 0.658 0.5522
=
44.012 ksi

φc Pn =
φc Fcr Ag =
0.85 • 44.012 • 51.8
φc Pn =
1937.84 kips

AISC LRFD-93 Example 002 - 4

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From LRFD Specification Section H1.2,

Pu 1400
= = 0.722 > 0.2
φc Pn 1937.84

Therefore, LRFD Specification Equation H1-1a governs.

Section Bending Capacity

50 • 310
=
M px F=
yZx = 1333.333 k-ft
12
M py = Fy Z y
Zy 163
However,= = 1.527 > 1.5,
S y 106.7516
So
Zy = 1.5 S y =1.5 • 106.7516 =
160.1274in 3

50 • 160.1274
=M py = 667.198 k-ft
12

Member Bending Capacity

From LRFD Specification Equation F1-4,

E
L p = 1.76ry
Fyf
29000 1
L= 1.76 • 4.02 • = 14.2 ft > L= 14 ft
p
50 12 b

φb M nx =
φb M px
φb M nx =0.9 • 1333.333
φb M nx =
1200 k-ft

φb M ny =
φb M py
φb M ny =
0.9 • 667.198
φb M ny =
600.478 k-ft

AISC LRFD-93 Example 002 - 5

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Interaction Capacity: Compression & Bending

From LRFD Specification section C1.2, for a braced frame, Mlt = 0.

M ux = B1x M ntx , where M ntx = 200 kip-ft; and

M uy = B1 y M nty , where M nty = 70 kip-ft

Cm
B1 = ≥1
 P 
1 − u 
 Pe1 

For reverse curvature bending and equal end moments:

M1
= +1.0
M2

M 
C m = 0.6 − 0.4 1 
 M2 
C m = 0.6 − 0.4(1.0 ) = 0.2
π2 EI
pe1 =
( KL )
2

π2 • 29000 • 2140
=pe1x = 21, 702 kips
(14.0 • 12 )
2

π2 • 29000 • 838
=pe1 y = 8, 498
(14.0 • 12 )
2

C mx
B1x = ≥1
 Pu 
1 − 
 Pe1x 
0.2
=
B1x = 0.214 ≥ 1
 1400 
1 − 
 21702 

AISC LRFD-93 Example 002 - 6

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B1x = 1
C my
B1 y = ≥1
 P 
1 − u 
 P 
 e1 y 

0.2
=
B1 y = 0.239 ≥ 1
 1400 
1 − 
 8498 
B1 y = 1
M ux = 1.0 • 200 = 200 kip-ft;
and
M uy = 1.0 • 70 = 70 kip-ft

From LRFD Specification Equation H1-1a,

1400 8  200 70 
+  + =0.974 < 1.0 , OK
1940 9  1200 600.478 
D
= 0.974
C

AISC LRFD-93 Example 002 - 7