1. WILLIAM OSPINA………………………………………………………………..

6
2. SÍNTESIS DE PÁ QUE SE ACABE LA VAINA………………….……………..9
2.1 La iglesia…………………………………………………………………..…….9
2.2 Europeísmo………………………………………………………….…………..9
2.3 El boom latinoamericano………………………………………………………..9
2.4 La revolución en marcha…………………………………………………...……9
2.5 La gran pausa…………………………………………………………………....9
2.6 La oligarquía liberal-conservador………………………………………………10
2.7 Jorge Eliecer Gaitán…………………………………………………………….10
2.8 Guerra de los mil días…………………………………………………………..10
2.9 La violencia legítima y la no legítima……….………………………………….11
2.10 Literatura del siglo xx……………………………………………..………..11
2.11 Nadaísmo…………………………………………………………...……….11
2.12 Derechos de la mujer………………………………………………………..11
2.13 La educación………………………………………………………………..12
2.14 Las FARC…………………………………………………...………………12
2.15 El ELN……………………………..………………………………………..12
2.16 El paramilitarismo…………………………………………………………..12
3. BIGRAFÍA DE LOS PERSONAJES…………………………………….………..13
3.1 Escritores y poetas……………………………………………………………...13
3.1.1 Alfonso Reyes…………………………………………………………..13
3.1.2 Álvaro Mutis…………………………………………………………….14
3.1.3 Antonio Llanos……………………………………………..…………...16
3.1.4 Aureliano Arturo………………………………………………………...16
3.1.5 Barba Jacob………………………………………………………………17
3.1.6 Byron…………………………………………………………………….18
3.1.7 Cesar Vallejo…………………………………………………………….19
3.1.8 Dante…………………………………………………………………….20
3.1.9 Dasso Saldívar…………………..……………………………………….20
3.1.10 Emily Dickinson………………………………………..………………..21
3.1.11 Euclides da Cunha……………………………………………………….22
3.1.12 Fernando González………………………………..……………………..22
3.1.13 Fernando Vallejo…………………………………………………………23
3.1.14 Gabriel García Márquez………………………………………………….23
3.1.15 George Orwell………………………………...………………………….24
3.1.16 Gustavo Wilches………………………………………………………….25
3.1.17 Jaime Jaramillo Escobar……………………………………………….…26
3.1.18 John Keats…………………………………..……………………………27
3.1.19 Jorge Isaacs…………………………………………...………………….28
3.1.20 Jorge Luis Borges………………………………………………………...29
3.1.21 Jorge Zalamea….…………………………………………………………30
3.1.22 José Asunción Silva……………………………………………………….31
3.1.23 José Eustasio Rivera…………………………….………………………...32
3.1.24 José María Vargas Vila………………………………………………....…33
3.1.25 Juan Rulfo…………………………………………………………………35
3.1.26 León de Greiff……………………………………….…………………....36
3.1.27 Luis Carlos López…………………………………………………………37
 3.1.28 Luis Pales Matos………………………………..…………………………38
3.1.29 Kafka……………………………………………..………………………..38
3.1.30 Manuel Gutiérrez Nájera.………………………………………………….39
3.1.31 Miguel Antonio Caro……………………..………………………………..40
3.1.32 Manuel Mejía Vallejo……………………………………..……………….40
3.1.33 Neruda…………………………………………………….………………..41
3.1.34 Oscar Wilde………………………………………………………………...42
3.1.35 Osorio Lizarazo……………….……………………………………………44
3.1.36 Quevedo………………………..…………………………………………..44
3.1.37 Rimbaud………………………..…………………………………………..46
3.1.38 Robert Frost…………………………….…………………………………..47
3.1.39 Rubén Darío…………………………………….…………………………..48
3.1.40 Sartre…………………………………………….………………………….49
3.1.41 Shelley……………………………………………..………………………..51
3.1.42 Tomás Carrasquilla…………………………………………..……………..52
3.1.43 Verlaine………………………………………………………..……………52
3.1.44 Víctor Hugo……………………………………………………………..…..53
3.1.45 Whitman…………………………………………………………………….54
3.1.46 William Shakespeare………………………………………………………..55
3.2 Políticos y abogados…………………………………………..…………………….57
3.2.1 Abel Naranjo Villegas………………………………………………...…….57
3.2.2 Álvaro Gómez Hurtado………………………………………….………….57
3.2.3 Antonio Navarro Wolff……………………………………………….…….59
3.2.4 Benito Juárez………………………………………………………………..60
3.2.5 Carranza……………………………………………………………………..60
3.2.6 Dumar Aljure………………………………………………..………………61
3.2.7 Duvalier……………………………………………………………..………62
3.2.8 Eduardo Santos……………………………………………………………...62
3.2.9 Gabriel Turbay……………………………………………………………....63
3.2.10 Irigoyen…………………………………………………………..………….64
3.2.11 John Agudelo Ríos….……………………………………………………….65
3.2.12 Jorge Eliecer Gaitán……………………..…………………………………..66
3.2.13 Manuel Quintín Lame……………………………………………………….67
3.2.14 Otto Morales Benítez………………………………………………………..67
3.3 Presidentes…………………………………………………………………………..69
3.3.1 Abraham Lincoln…………………………………………………………….69
3.3.2 Alberto Lleras………………………………………………………………..70
3.3.3 Aldous Huxley……………………….………………………………………71
3.3.4 Alfonso López Michelsen……………………………………………………72
3.3.5 Alfonso López Pumarejo……………………………………………………..73
3.3.6 Álvaro Uribe Vélez…………………………………………………………..75
3.3.7 Belisario Betancourt…………...……………………………………………..76
3.3.8 Carlos Andrés Pérez……………………………….…………………………77
3.3.9 Eloy Alfaro………………………………………………..………………….78
3.3.10 Enrique Oyola Herrera…………..………………………………………….79
3.3.11 Fidel Castro………………………………..………………………………..80
3.3.12 Guillermo León Valencia……………………………………..…………….81
 3.3.13 Gustavo Rojas Pinilla……………………………………………………….83
3.3.14 Guillermo Valencia………………………………………………………….85
3.3.15 John Kennedy…………………………………………………………….….86
3.3.16 Laureano Gómez……………………………………………………………..88
3.3.17 Marco Fidel Suarez………………………….……………………………….89
3.3.18 Mariano Ospina Méndez………………………………………….………….90
3.3.19 Miguel Antonio Caro…..……………………………………………………..91
3.3.20 Pedro Nel Ospina……………………………………………………………..93
3.3.21 Petion…………………………………………………………………………94
3.3.22 Rafael Reyes………………………………………………………………….96
3.3.23 Roberto Urdaneta……………………………………………….……………97
3.3.24 Simón Bolívar………………………………………………………………..97
3.3.25 Somoza……………………………………………………………………….98
3.4 Militares…………………………………………………………………………...…101
3.4.1 Agualongo…………………………………………………………………....101
3.4.2 Augusto Pinoché…………………………………………………………..…101
3.4.3 Benjamín Herrera………………………………………………………...…..102
3.4.4 Emiliano Zapato……...……………………………………………………....103
3.4.5 Julio Arboleda………………….…………………………………………….104
3.4.6 Omar Torrijos…………………………….…………………………………..105
3.4.7 Pancho Villa………………………………………………...………………..106
3.4.8 Pedro de Ursua…………………………………………………………...…..107
3.4.9 Pedro Peñaloza……………...………………………………………………..108
3.4.10 Piar………………………….………………………………………………..109
3.4.11 Rafael Uribe Uribe…………………………………..……………………….111
3.5 Sacerdotes y Pastores………………………………………………………………..112
3.5.1 Camilo Torres Restrepo…………………..………………………………….112
3.5.2 Hernando Domínguez Camargo……………………………………………..113
3.5.3 José Celestino Mutis……………………………………………...………….114
3.5.4 Juan de Castellanos………………………………………………………......115
3.5.5 Martin Luther King………………………………………………………….116
3.6 Filósofos…………………………………………………….………………………..118
3.6.1 Aristóteles……………………………………………………………………118
3.6.2 Danilo Cruz Vélez……………………………………………………..…….118
3.6.3 Estanislao Zuleta……………………………………………………………..119
3.6.4 Nietzsche……………………………………………………………………..120
3.7 Músicos y compositores…………………………………………………………...…122
3.7.1 Carlos Vives………………………………………………………………….122
3.7.2 Enrique Cadícamo……………………………………………………………123
3.7.3 Emiliano Zuleta……………………………………………………………....124
3.7.4 Escalona……………………………………………………………………...125
3.7.5 Guillermo Buitrago………………………………………..…………………126
3.7.6 José Barros………………..………………………………………………….126
3.7.7 Luis A Calvos…………………….………………………………………….126
3.7.8 Rafael Campo Miranda…………………………………….……………….128
3.8 Educadores………………………………………………………………………….129
3.8.1 Simón Rodríguez……………………………………………………………129
 3.9 Geógrafos……………………………………………………………………...…….131
3.9.1 Alejandro de Humboldt…………………………………….……………….131
3.10 Artistas y fotógrafos……………………………………………………………132
3.10.1 Diego Rivera………………………………………………………………..132
3.10.2 Fernando Botero………………………...…………………………….…….132
3.10.3 Ignacio Gómez Jaramilo…………………………………….………..……..133
3.10.4 Leo Matiz…………………………………………………………..…..……134
3.10.5 Luis B Ramos…………………………………………………….………….134
3.10.6 Miguel Ángel Rojas…………………………………………..……………..135
3.10.7 Ricardo Rendón…………………………………………………………..….135
3.10.8 Whistler………………..……………………………………………………..136
3.11 Empresarios……………………………………………………………………..137
3.11.1 Ford……………………………………………………………………….....137
3.11.2 Peugeot………………………………………………………………………137
3.12 Inventor…………………………………………………………………………139
3.12.1 Benz…………………………………………………………………………139
3.13 Activistas………………………………………………………………………..140
3.13.1 Ignacio Giraldo…………………………………………………………..…140
3.13.2 María Cano…………………………………………….……………………142
3.14 Guerrilleros…………………………………………………………………….144
3.14.1 Álvaro Fayad……………………………………………………………….144
3.14.2 Antonio García……………………………………………………………..145
3.14.3 Carlos Pizarro………………………………………………………………146
3.14.4 Guadalupe Salcedo…………………………..……………………………..147
3.14.5 Jaime Bateman………………………………………..……………………148
3.14.6 Manuel Marulanda……………………………………………..…………..149
3.15 Historiadores.………………………………………………………………….151
3.15.1 Hobsbawm…………………………………………………………………151
3.15.2 Jorge Orlando Melo………………………………………………………..152
3.15.3 Mario Arruba……………………………………………………………….152
3.16 Periodistas……………………………………………………….......................154
3.16.1 German Arciniegas…………………………………………………………154
3.16.2 Hernando Téllez Alberto………………………………….………………..154
3.16.3 Zalamea…………………………………………………………………….155
3.17 Médico………………………………………………………….………………157
3.17.1 Tulio Bayer………………………………………………………..………..157
3.18 Narcotraficantes……………………………………………………….………158
3.18.1 Gonzalo Rodríguez Gacha…………………………………..………….….158
3.18.2 Pablo Escobar……………..…………………………………………….….159
3.18.3 Rodríguez Orejuela……………………..………………………………….159
3.19 Actriz………………………………………..………………………………….161
2.16.1 Marilyn Monroe……………………………………………………………..161
4. CIBERGRAFÍA…………………………………………………………..…………………...