Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Asim Naveed
Sehrish Habib
Nadia Saleem
Submitted To
Sir Vishu Parmar
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We humbly and sincerely thanks to Almighty Allah, who gave us the potential
and ability to accomplish this goal successfully.
We feel deeply indebted to our parents and all of our teachers, for provision of
inestimable, priceless and valuable, cooperation and support.
In the last but not the least, we prefer to convey the credit to Sir Vishu Parmar,
without whose precious guidance and assistance it was difficult to show our
progress.
Asim Naveed
Sehrish Habib
Nadia Saleem
INTRODUCTION
1. INTRODUCTION
(Kamal Singh)
2. Another important objective is to identify the businesses that are most suitable
for women.
4. To help in finding the remedies or solutions for the removal of those hurdles.
1.4 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
The research study that we have been assigned has certain limitations, that we
may face during the research study. They are as follows,
1. Limited Time
So far as the research aspect is concerned, that usually takes long time having
new concepts to be dealt with and we have a very limited time frame.
2. Limited Area:
Another limitation that we could face during our study is limited area for research.
We are limited to a restricted geographical area for this study. For instance; we
could distribute the questionnaire only to our family, friends, neighbors and a few
teachers. In order to conduct such a comprehensive study this limited data would
be insufficient.
SAMPLING UNIT
The sampling unit is a single element or a group of elements subject to selection
in the sample. The elements (people) who are eligible for this research must
have few of the following characteristics:
Women as Entrepreneurs
Responses Frequenc Percentages Probability
y
Strongly Agree 21 42% 0.42
Agree 26 52% 0.52
Don’t Know 2 4% 0.04
Disagree 1 2% 0.02
Strongly Disagree 0 0% 0.00
Total 50 100% 1.00
(Source: own research study)
Women As Entrepreneur
120
100
100
80
60 52
42
40
20 4 2 0
0
Out of 50 respondents, 42% are strongly agreed, 52% agree, 4% don’t know, 2%
disagree, and 0% strongly disagree that women have the potential of being a
successful entrepreneur. The opinion of the respondents shows positives results
because collectively 94% people agree that women have potential of being a
successful entrepreneurs.
Q.2: Men’s (EGO / esteem) self respect is the main hurdle in the path of women
entrepreneurships? (Men don't want women to be independent)
Strongly Agree
Agree
Don’t know
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
The result of this question is summarized as follow
Men’s (Ego /Esteem) Is Main Hurdle in Path of Women
Entrepreneurships
Responses Frequenc Percentages Probability
y
Strongly Agree 9 18% 0.18
Agree 26 52% 0.52
Don’t Know 2 4% 0.04
Disagree 11 22% 0.22
Strongly Disagree 2 4% 0.04
Total 50 100% 1.00
(Source: own research study)
Men's (Ego/ Esteem) Is Main Hurdle In Path Of Women
Entrepreneur
120 100
100
80
52
60
40 22
18
20 4 4
0
Out of 50 respondents, 18% are strongly agreed, 52% agree, 4% don’t know,
22% disagree, and 4% strongly disagree that Men’s (EGO / esteem) self respect
is the main hurdle in the path of women entrepreneurships. The opinion of the
respondents shows men’s negative role in women entrepreneurships collectively
70% people agree that men are main hurdle because men restrict women to
perform economic activities as they perceive women only as dependent member
of the family.
In above result the ratios of disagree is also not ignorable out of 100%, 22%
disagree and 4 strongly disagree so collectively 26% respondents believes that
men’s self respect is not main hurdle for women to be successful entrepreneurs.
These results show that men are not only the hurdle there are other
factors/forces too and all mans are not hurdle might be possible few who are not
aware about the importance of women entrepreneurship.
Some people perceive that most of the women start new business to keep
themselves busy; some suggest that they have excess resources to utilize or
invest in businesses; some believes that women want to expose their abilities in
shape of successful entrepreneur. Most of women want to be independent and
earn for themselves only. Many people believe that the most common reason for
women to become entrepreneur is to support their families. Because now days
expenses are increasing very rapidly so women comes forward to support and
share expenses. The following question is design to collect the opinion of
respondents regarding women objectives to become entrepreneur.
120
100
100
80
60
40
40 24 26
20 10
120 100
100
80 68
60
32
40
20 0 0 0
0
The governmental support can be in any shape like by providing financial support
/ small loans on easy terms and conditions, increasing literacy rate so women
learn and exercise their skill and abilities and arranging different workshops and
training programs for the awareness of women about businesses.
4.5 EFFECTS OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP ON FAMILIES
The role women as entrepreneurs highly effect on the families and there is state
of conflict between the entrepreneur role and other roles like life, mother etc.
Mostly people perceive that the women being entrepreneurs affect their roles in
family life negatively, while positively affecting their roles in social, economical
and individual life and they suffered from conflicts between the entrepreneur role
and other roles in family and that the role of entrepreneur mostly conflicted with
the roles of housewife, mother, and wife, respectively.
The reproductive role limits women to the home, where they bear children and
raise the family, playing only an auxiliary part in production activity. The following
question is design to collect the opinion of respondent regarding effect of women
entrepreneurship on families because mostly people perceive that women
entrepreneur neglect their families because they spend more time in business
activities.
Q.5: Can women entrepreneurship become a cause of family disturbances, as
women spend more time in business?
Strongly Agree
Agree
Don’t know
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
The result of this question is summarized as follow
Women Entrepreneur Become A Cause Of Family Disturbances
Responses Frequenc Percentages Probability
y
Strongly Agree 5 10% 0.10
Agree 24 48% 0.48
Don’t Know 7 14% 0.14
Disagree 14 28% 0.28
Strongly Disagree 0 0% 0.00
Total 50 100% 1.00
(Source: own research study)
Women Entrepreneurship Become A Cause of Family
Distrubances
120 100
100
80
60 48
40 28
10 14
20 0
0
Q.6: Can women maintain a balance between personal and professional life?
Yes
No
Don't know
120 100
100
78
80
60
40 20
20 2
0
Out of 50; respondents 78% respondents agrees and 20% disagree and 2%
don’t know that women have potential to maintain balance between professional
and personal life. The ratio of agree respondents are higher so its shows that
women can manage their families, business and also develop herself.
Q.7: Would our society/ business community ever accept women as successful
entrepreneurs?
Strongly Agree
Agree
Don’t know
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
120
100
100
80
60 42
40 24 20
20 8 6
0
Collectively the percentage of agree respondents are 50% its men half of
respondents believes that our society accept women as entrepreneur the reason
can be the existence of successful entrepreneur increase rapidly. Pakistani
people heavily impressed and influenced by their neighbor countries like china,
India, and Bangladesh where women successfully manage their business and
contributes in economic growth of their country. This can be the one of the
reason of changing thought of our society.
Collectively 26% respondents disagree that our society would ever accept
women as entrepreneur because its very difficult to change the thought of full
nation it require time and it might be possible in future years thought of nation
change completely because awareness and literacy can change the whole
society.
4.8 WOMEN EARNING CAPACITY
Many people perceive that women can start business but they are unable to
support there families fully. Women entrepreneur many time represent as
supporter of their husband, father etc .Most of women start business for their
status, economic independence, and career development these all objectives are
focusing the need of single person beside these objective to support families are
much difficult and responsible job. The following question is design to collect the
opinion of respondents regarding women earning capacity either women support
their families likes men or not.
Q.8: Can women support their families financially like men?
Strongly Agree
Agree
Don’t know
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
120
100
100
80
60 44
38
40
16
20 2
0
0
Out of 50 respondents 44% respondents are strongly agree, 38% agree, 0%don’t
know, 16% disagree and 2% strongly disagree that women support their families
financially like men.
Collectively 88% respondents agree that women have potential to support their
families financially like men. Business earning is mostly higher than earning from
employment so definitely business women can fulfill the need of their families like
men. On the other hand 18% respondents disagree that women can support their
families like men the reason can be that men earn from different sources and
especially in our society only few business fields is open for women so definitely
men haves more business opportunities.
4.9 IMPORTANCE OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION IN THE
DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Education is necessary for all men and women. Literate people are important
assets of any country. Weather women start business or not but education is
necessary for their own development.
120 100
100
72
80
60
40 28
20 0 0 0
0
Out of 50 respondents 72% respondents are strongly agree, 28% agree, 0%don’t
know, 0% disagree and 0% strongly disagree that professional education is
necessary for women entrepreneur to have better results in respective field.
Collectively 100% respondents agree that professional education is necessary
for women entrepreneur. It shows that women must have to start those
businesses in which they have expertise and these expertises are the result of
professional education. On the other hand 0% respondents disagree, and 0%
don’t know that professional education is necessary for women entrepreneur to
have better result in respective field, this show that all the respondents are agree
and aware about the importance of professional education of better result.
4.10 TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT FOR WOMEN
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Training is the process of teaching people the basic skills they need to perform
their jobs or work. There are basically three type of skills requires to perform
business activities. First is technical skill second human or interpersonal skill and
third conceptual skill. This research focusing technical skill, technical skill
encompass the ability to apply specialized knowledge like if any women start a
garments business so she must know about all the details (stitching, tailoring,
designing, dying etc) regarding garments business. In under developing
countries it’s difficult to learn all these skills from personal resources so
government must organize different training program free of cost where women
can learn and apply these expertise. The following question is design to collect
the opinion of respondents whether these types of programs arrange by
government or not for the development of women entrepreneur.
Q.10: Would you suggest that extensive vocational / technical training for women
entrepreneur extended by the Government.
Yes
No
Don't know
150
92 100
100
50
2 6
0
The above result shows that government should organize different training
program for women because these programs help women to learn new skills,
expertise and upgrade them according to today business requirement. When
these trained women start business so the chance of loss, error and failure
decreases.
Q.11: Do you think that women can handle all the legal business procedure
(court procedures)?
Yes
No
Don't know
120
100
100
80
58
60
36
40
20 6
0
Q.12: Is it necessary to give legal relief to women entrepreneur during their legal
business requirement and problems.
Yes
No
Don't know
120
100
100 88
80
60
40
20 4 8
0
Out of 100%, 88% shows that large number of respondents agrees to provide
legal relief to women entrepreneur the reason of respondents can be
environment of court system. Most of people believe that it difficult for women to
handle all legal activities like business registration, dealing any sue and others
legal problems.
4% respondents disagree to provide legal relief to women because they believe
that if women want to work like men and require equal opportunities so the legal
implication for both is same.
100% 4 8 2 10
20 20 12
80% 28
60% 36 40
48
40% 42
20% 42 38
28 22
0%
Financial Activities Marketing Activities Management Activities HRM Activites
This was an open ended question. This question provided option to respondents
that if they believe that women can perform all kind of businesses so they just
agree with the question or if they feel that women can not perform all kind of
business so they were requested to suggest any business which women can
perform easily from their point of view.
Q.14: What kind of businesses would you suggest that women can easily operate
or do you think that they have the capabilities of to carry out all kinds of
businesses?
25 23
20
15
10 8 7
6 5
4 3 2 4
5 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
0
Garments Education
No one Beauty salon
Near to city Small and medium
Act as manager only Merchandising
All business fashion Related
According to experties Food Business
Home Decoration Home industry
Gym Social work
Handi Craft No idea
Most of the respondents about 23 believes that women can do all kind of
businesses which show that majority to respondent believes on women
capabilities as entrepreneurs.
4.15 HURDLES IN THE PATH OF WOMEN TO BE SUCCESSFUL
ENTREPRENEUR
Traditional mindsets, discriminatory laws and social values: these are the things
that bind a woman and create hurdles in her path of progress. This is very much
the story of the majority of women in our country, even though promises are
being made by the rulers to improve the condition of women in general. The
following question is designed to ask respondents about the hurdles in the path
of women entrepreneurs. This was an open ended question.
Q.15: From your point of view what are the main hurdles in the way of women to
be successful entrepreneurs?
30 26
20 15
10
10 5 6
2 2 2 1 1 2
0
The respondents were allowed to write more than one hurdle, 10 respondents
believe that men ego/esteem is the main hurdle in path of successful
entrepreneurs, 26 respondents blame society as main hurdle, 5 respondents
mention lack of finance as main hurdle, 2 respondents believes that time is main
hurdle because families requires more time from women than men, 15
respondents criticize lack of family support as main hurdle, 6 respondents
believes that lack of knowledge and business awareness are the main hurdle and
other respondents opinion are show in above graph.
Society as main hurdle is pointed out by most of respondents so we can say that
our society norms, values and lack of finance are main hurdles in the path of
women entrepreneurs.
Q.16: What remedies would you suggest regarding the removal of these hurdles?
14
15 11
9
10 7 7
3 3 4
5 2 1 2 1
0
The respondents were allowed to write more than one suggestion. The
suggestion of respondents is show in above graph. Most of the respondent’s
suggest that improve education system and increase literacy rate can be the best
possible suggestion for all the hurdles in the path of women entrepreneurs.
Because when people (men and society) are literate they understand the
importance of women entrepreneurship and might be possible that society and
men thought change with awareness of importance of women entrepreneurship.
Governmental support in any shape like by providing training, funds, tax relief
and other would also be the best possible suggestion to remove all these
hurdles.
FINDING
AND
RECOMMENDATION
5. FINDING AND RECOMMENDATION
More than 90% people agree that women have potential of being successful
entrepreneurs. This shows positive behavior of people toward women
entrepreneurship. More than 70% people agree that men are main hurdle
because men restrict women to perform economic activities as they perceive
women only as dependent member of the family. Career development and family
support are main objectives of women.
100% respondents agree that there should be supportive action from government
side. This supportive action can be in the form of training programs, fund on easy
terms and conditions and other relief. More than 50% respondents agree that
women entrepreneurship is cause of family disturbance because mostly people
perceive that women is responsible for the care of their children, husband and
others so definitely when women busy in their own businesses there is possibility
that they would not perform all families duties.
More than 80% respondents agree that women have potential to support their
families financially like men. 100% respondents agree that professional
education is necessary for women entrepreneur. This shows the highest
necessity of education for women. Women are excellent in management
activities while good in other activities. Most of people suggest that women can
perform all kind of business. Society is main hurdle for women entrepreneurship.
Increase literacy rate and improve education system is best possible solution.
5.2 Conclusion
The basic purpose of this study is to find out the opportunities, hurdles that’s
comes in path of women entrepreneurs and suggestion for the removal of these
hurdles. After conducting this research many misconception clears because the
opinion of people change now. The opinion is collected from a sample of people.
Both male female are requested to represents their opinions. More than 80%
respondents accept women as entrepreneurs appreciate abilities of women and
suggest that women can perform all kind of business. These opinions introduce a
new concept of women. Society, men (ego/esteem) and low level of literacy
found as most probable hurdles in path of women entrepreneurs.
5.3 Recommendations
After conducting this research different hurdles were found. These hurdles can
be broadly classified as restriction and resources. Here restriction means that
men (ego/esteem), society thoughts and family responsibilities restrict women
form performance of any economic activities. The best solution found for all these
restrictions related hurdles are improved education system and increase literacy
rate because when people become literate so they can understand the
importance of women entrepreneurships. The second hurdle category is
resources. Because of lack of financial resources, personal expertise as human
resources and awareness of business most of women face failure in their
business. The best solution found to remove this hurdle is introduction of training
program by the government for the development of women entrepreneurship.
Government and other institution should provide small and medium loan on easy
terms and conditions so that women can start and run businesses.
5.4 Suggested Area for Further Research
.
ANNEXURE
Students of,
Hyderabad Institute Of Arts Science & technology
_____________________________________________________
____________________________________
May ___, 2009
To ________________________
________________________
________________________
Women entrepreneurship, this research is been conducted to fulfil the partial requirement
of class project of BRM ( Business Reseach method ) assigned by Sir Vishnu parmar.
The questions are being asked to take your opinion on these matters. It was drawn in a
random. In order that the result will truly represent the thinking of the people of
Hyderabad, it is important that each questionnaire be completed and returned.
About 30--40 questionnaires are distributed for gathering inforamation. The result of this
research will produces qualitative information which give awareness about women
entrepreneurship.
I would be most delight to answer any question you might have. Please write or call. The
telephone number is _____________.
Sincerely,
Women entrepreneurship, this research is been conducted to fulfill the partial requirement
of class project of BRM (Business Research method) assigned by Sir Vishnu parmar. The
questions are being asked to take your opinion about women entrepreneurship. It was
drawn in a random. In order that the result will truly represent the thinking of the people
of Hyderabad, it is important that each questionnaire be completed and returned.
You may be assured of complete confidentiality.
Q.2: Men’s (EGO / esteem) self respect is the main hurdle in the path of women
entrepreneurship? (Men don't want women to be independent)
Strongly Agree
Agree
Don’t know
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
Q.6: Can women maintain a balance between personal and professional life?
Yes
No
Don't know
Q.7: Would our society/ business community ever accept women as successful
entrepreneurs?
Strongly Agree
Agree
Don’t know
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
Q.9: Do you think that professional education is necessary for women entrepreneur to
have better results in respective field?
Strongly Agree
Agree
Don’t know
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
Q.10: Would you suggest that extensive vocational / technical training for women
entrepreneur extended by the Government.
Yes
No
Don't know
Q.11: Do you think that women can handle all the legal business procedure (court
procedures)?
Yes
No
Don't know
Q.12: Is it necessary to give legal relief to women entrepreneur during their legal
business requirement and problems.
Yes
No
Don't know
Q.13: Rate women performance in following business activities (Excellent, Good, fair
and Poor)
• Financing activities ______
• Marketing activities ______
• Management activities ______
• Human resources management ______
Q.14: What kind of businesses would you suggest that women can easily operate or do
you think that they have the capabilities of to carry out all kinds of businesses?
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
__
Q.15: From your point of view what are the main hurdles in the way of women to be
successful entrepreneurs?
_______________________________________________________________________
_
_______________________________________________________________________
_
Q.16: What remedies would you suggest regarding the removal of these hurdles?
_______________________________________________________________________
_
_______________________________________________________________________
_
_______________________________________________________________________
_
Name (optional)
Gender Male Female
Age (optional)
Marital status Single Married
Qualification
Occupation
Designation (if employed)
Institute
Date
SAMPLE INSTITUTES
Following are the name of institutes from where the data has been collected.