COMPUTER NETWORKS AND COMMUNICATIONS

Assignment 3

LATEST DEVELOPMENT IN NETWORK AND COMMUNICATIONS

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Class :

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INTRODUCTION

The purpose of a computer communications network is to allow moving information

from one point to another inside the network. The information could be stored on a device, such
as a personal computer in the networ , it could be generated live outside the network, such as
speech, or could be generated by a process on another piece of information, such as automatic
sales transactions at the end of a business day. The device does not necessarily have to be a
computer; it could be a hard disk, a camera or even a printer on the network. Due to a large
variety of information to be moved, and due to the fact that each type of information has its own
conditions for intelligibility, the computer network has evolved into a highly complex system.
Specialized knowledge from many areas of science and engineering goes into the design of
networks. It is practically impossible for a single area of science or engineering to be entirely
responsible for the design of all the components. Therefore, a study of computer networks
branches into many areas as we go up from fundamentals to the advanced levels.
MOBILE COMPUTING

DEFINITION

Mobile Computing is a generic term describing your ability to use technology , that is not
physically connected, or in remote or mobile (non static) environments. The term is evolved in
modern usage such that it requires that the mobile computing activity be connected wirelessly to
and through the internet or to and through a private network. This connection ties the mobile
device to centrally located information through the use of battery powered, portable,
and wireless computing and communication devices. This includes devices
like laptops with wireless LAN or wireless WAN technology, wearable computers and Personal
Digital Assistants (PDAs) with Bluetooth or IRDA interfaces.

SPECFICATION, SERVICES AND FREQUENCIES OF MOBILE COMPUTING

SPECIFICATION

Mobile computing used to be exclusively a matter of dragging

a laptop computer around, plus various adapters and other widgets. “Road warriors” have more
choices now. Of course, USB thumb drives, also called USB flash drives, are probably the
benchmark technology for mobile computing these days; before you think about other methods,
check if you can do it cheaper and easier with a thumb drive.

SERVICES

For its service, it has WLAN IEEE 802.11 b/g with UPnP support, Micro USB Connector
plus 3.5 mm stereo headphone plug. It also has TV-Out Support, data transfer via Bluetooth 2.0,
A-GPS and Internet surfing

FREQUENCIES

Bluetooth is an industrial specification for wireless personal area networks (PANs). Bluetooth
provides a way to connect and exchange information between devices such as mobile phones,
laptops, and video game consoles over a secure, globally unlicensed short-range radio frequency.
The Bluetooth specifications are developed and licensed by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group.
INTERNET TECHNOLOGY AND SERVICES

VoIP

Voice Over IP) A telephone service that uses the Internet as a global telephone network.
Many companies, including Vonage, 8×8 and AT&T (CallVantage), typically offer calling
within the country for a fixed fee and a low per-minute charge for international. Broadband
Internet access (cable or DSL) is required, and regular house phones plug into an analog
telephone adapter (ATA) provided by the company or purchased from a third party.

BLOG

A blog is a lot like a journal except it is generally intended to be read by others. The topics for
blogs vary greatly; some being about day to day activities and others taking a more corporate or
political slant. There is no defined or widely accepted format and so blogs range from one liners
that the author adds every few hours to relatively long, well thought out arguments for or against
a topic of interest.
TYPES OF NETWORK

PAN

A Personal Area Network (PAN) is a computer network used for communication among
computer devices (including telephones and personal digital assistants) close to one person. The
devices may or may not belong to the person in question. The reach of a PAN is typically a few
meters. PANs can be used for communication among the personal devices themselves
(intrapersonal communication), or for connecting to a higher level network and the Internet (an
uplink). Personal area networks may be wired with computer buses such as USB and FireWire.
A wireless personal area network (WPAN) can also be made possible with network technologies
such as IrDA and Bluetooth.

VPN

Short for (Virtual Private Network), VPN is a type of network that allows a user to connect to a
network through a tunneling protocol and access internal internet and intranet web sites and e-
mail. Virtual Private Networks are commonly used to allow an employee with a large company
to connect to the company’s intranet
WLAN

A wireless LAN (or WLAN, for Wireless Local Area Network, sometimes referred to as
LAWN, for local area wireless network) is one in which a mobile user can connect to a local area
network (LAN) through a wireless (radio) connection. The IEEE 802.11 group of standards
specify the technologies for wireless LANs. 802.11 standards use the Ethernet protocol and
CSMA/CA (carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance) for path sharing and include
an encryption method, the Wired Equivalent Privacy algorithm. A personal area network

WIMAX

WiMax is the industry term for a long-range wireless networking standard. WiMax technology
has the potential to deliver high-speed Internet access to rural areas and other locations not
serviced by cable or DSL technology. WiMax also offers an alternative to satellite Internet
services.WiMax technology is based on the IEEE 802.16 WAN communications standard.
WiMax signals can function over a distance of several miles / kilometers. Data rates for WiMax
can reach up to 75 megabits per second (Mb/s). A number of wireless signaling options exist
ranging anywhere from the 2 GHz range up to 66 GHz.
CONCLUSION

Mobile computing (like the peer to peer transaction model did) brings about a new paradigm of
distributed computing in which communication may be achieved through wireless networks and
users can compute even as they relocate from one support environment to another. The impact of
mobile computing on systems design goes beyond the networking level and directly effects data
management. Although being a relatively new area, mobile data management has attracted a lot
of research efforts, motivated by both a great market potential and by many challenging research
problems

Reference

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/image:Bluetooth.headset.jpg

www.wimax.com/deployment/network