2/20/2018

SGDU 6083
FINANCIAL AND PHYSICAL
MANAGEMENT IN EDUCATION

PHYSICAL MANAGEMENT IN SCHOOL

LECTURER:

MAJ(R) MUA’AZAM BIN MOHAMAD

What is Management?
 The act, manner, or practice of managing;
handling, supervision, or control:
management of a crisis; management of
factory workers.
 The person or persons who control or
direct a business or other enterprise

Management Involves:
 Decision Making
 Issues across the (asset) life cycle
 Uncertainty
 Regulation/liability
 Multiple dimensions / stakeholders
◦ spatial/temporal, deterministic/probabilistic,
project/network..

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Examples
 Optimal material selection at component
level
 Capital budgeting at network level
 Economic evaluation - project level
 Priority setting at project level

Data Sources
 Condition  Benefits
 Inventory  MARR / discount
 Accidents rate
 Usage  Planning Horizon/

 Weather Facility lifetime

 Repair/Maint/Rehab
Costs
 User Costs

Management Systems - Data

Requirements
 What are they?
 Why collect data?
 What is currently collected?
 Is it sufficient to manage?
 What are burdens?
 Benefits?
 How do they balance?

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History (cont.)
 Original attempts at infrastructure support
systems were more engineering- than
management-based
◦ E.g. survey data, pavement structures, optimizing
routes
◦ Do not sound like management tasks!
 But they were useful because they:
◦ Source of relation to management systems
◦ Made us realize what management needed

What is Physical Mgmt

Mgmt.?
.?
 Administrative process of creating,
planning, and maintaining our
infrastructures
 An integrated, inter-disciplinary process
that ensures infrastructure performance
over its life cycle
 Life cycle is entire time from design
through decommissioning

How did we claim to achieve/realize this goal?

What is Physical Mgmt.?

 Is managing all objects contained in
educational institutions categorized as
physical resource @ assets that can
generate revenue if organizations are
managed effectively.

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 School Division, MOE also lists the

physical facilities covering all the school
buildings including classrooms, special
rooms, lavatories, dormitories, tennis
games, drainage systems, tools and
electrical wiring system (School Division
2002)

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School Office Classrooms

Special Rooms Courts

Physical Management

Is managing all objects contained in educational

institutions categorized as physical resource @
assets that can generate revenue if organizations
are managed effectively.

Inclusive of Government Assets:

 In the Classroom
 Outside the Classroom
 The Administrative Office
 Teaching & Learning Process (P & P)

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Administration / Management School

 Physical management of the school to become
more organized and systematic.
 Principals play a role in guiding teachers and staff
with basic management to develop the school.

Student
• Provide facilities to assist the students in the
teaching and learning process (P & P)
• For example: tables and chairs, textbooks,
computers and so on.

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School Financial

- Financial expenses in accordance with the rules

laid down by the financial regulation of Schools,
Ministry of Education
- Financial stability depends on the discretion of
school principals to plan in advance expenses.
- Money spent by the beneficial provisions in
particular to students and schools.

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School Infrastructure
 School Infrastructure is a physical resource to
be used for either long term or short term.

 Assess the quality of infrastructure before

making provision expenses.

 Physical management can effectively prevent

schools from making losses.

 A school can avoid having problems inadequate

infrastructure.

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Physical Management Strength

Principals have a strong management foundation
A comprehensive Equipment and physical development
Teachers and school staff work together to develop the
school
A fully equipped computer lab
Cleaning and school safety conducted by an efficient
private companies
Comfortable and well-equipped library
There are hostels
There is a large hall, prayer rooms, pavilions and the like.
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Physical Management Weakness

High of maintenance cost

The construction of new school buildings

The big number of inmates in one dorm/classroom

Unsatisfactory water supply

The school server is always down

Laboratory equipment needs to be replaced and not enough

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Physical Management Challenges

Limited school areas however the
development need to be improved

Regular use of facilities and damaged

Maintenance of existing facilities.

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Physical Management Issues

School Administration
◦ Unqualified Administrators
◦ Lack of cooperation from all parties

Financial / capital inadequate

◦ Less allocation from the federal government
◦ Facilities can not be provided and
reconditioned

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Physical Management Issues

Neglect the Infrastructure
◦ Do not use the facilities as well as possible
eg classrooms, desks and chairs, computer labs

◦ Abuse Facilities for outside work

Eg Photostat Machine, Printing, Papers

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CURRENT PRACTICE of PHYSICAL

MANAGEMENT
 Security/Safety
 Security Lock Control
 A copying machine control
 Utilities
 Maintenance
 Cleanliness and Cheerfulness
 Before school Opened
 Preparations Before School Closed
 Building And Managing Application By
outsiders 24

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1. Keeping Classified Areas

The steps below must be taken to prevent the entry of

unauthorized persons: -

a. Strengthen fence and security lights, and limit the entry

and exit points.
b. Hold a security guard.
c. Hold the notice boards at appropriate places to indicate
the areas / places are out of bounds.
d. Create a security pass system / IC.

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2. Security Lock Control

Security key is one of the important item to castle

intermediaries in safety regulations.

Head of Department is responsible for providing a

rigorous control of security keys and security
instructions issued in connection therewith.

Regulations must be adhered to determine the

safety key is under control at all times.

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3. School safety
School security will success when principals / head
teachers implement the following:

• Create an atmosphere of safety awareness.

• Carry out safety education program.
• Provide safety education program.
• Improve safety program and special assembly.
• Establish a school safety patrol.
• Participate in safety campaigns.
• Using personal source community can.
• Actively express concern about
the safety of everyone at school.

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Checklist.
To check own list of specific items, allows PR to recall what made last
year if the items had good things to be done, scheme.

Fire inspection.
Alarms and fire hydrants function

Fire drill and evacuation. Building (evacuation), to be made at least

2x per year

Accident prevention.
Make signs / campaigns
Be prepared!
Think before you act!
Be safety minded!
Don’t be negligent

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4. Manage Services Officer

(custodian)

•Direct responsibility for the maintenance

of the school is on the shoulders of
principals / headmasters but the work
done by the staff assigned.
•The employees' interests can not be left
only to the minimum level and they have
a particular responsibility in education.

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5. A copying machine control

•All positions are supplied with copiers
including duplicate or photocopy must
always supervise the use of the
machines, especially the number of
issued documents classified.
•Such regulations must be complied with

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6. Maintenance
•Maintenance procedures provide a building / hardware /
school facilities in order to ensure well function and safety.

•To facilitate this maintenance process, inspection of

building / equipment / facilities to be made at all times and
includes the following items:
• The roof of the building
• Fence
• The water tank
• Electrical wiring
• Fire extinguishers

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7. Cheerfulness
Head of Department shall ensure that school grounds are
always clean and tidy in order to arouse the interest of
students to school and further study.

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8. Preparation
Preparation before school opened:
- Ensure that all equipment and facilities to be
maintained so as soon as the school opened, the
learning process can proceed smoothly.

Preparation before school closed:

- Check all the facilities and equipment of school
before the school closed so that replacement
and maintenance can be done during the school
holidays.

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9. Facility for rent.

A procedure must be established so that all staff

understand what actions to take when the application
is the use of building / school grounds by outsiders.

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10. Discussion
•Classroom Security
•Laboratory Safety
• Physical Education
• Legal and regulatory weapons
• Cooperation between school security
police in preventing and resolving cases
crimes
• Wet Floor
• Principles of hazardous / toxic
• Wiring
• Theft
• Dangerous Places
• intruder

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The project
is a complex work,
contains a variety of activities, which have a
finite start and end, has the resources and
limited financial, manpower, activities
organized, goal-oriented and show
the latest results
(Weiss & Wysocki, 1992)

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Project Management
is a method and techniques based
management principles which are used
to estimate, plan and control activities to
achieve the final results over time, the
expenditure expected and certain
specifications

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 Whatis the purpose of physical

management in a school setting?

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School physical resource

management
 School physical resource management has
a direct impact on the learning environment
and is a key determinant of educational
outcomes.
 It is therefore critical that school physical
resource management practices align with
the school improvement plan by linking
school assets to basic education service
delivery standards and strategies

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Physical Management
 Establish clear criteria for when to use physical
management
 Identify contraindications for students and staff
 Develop and teach clear procedures
 Initiating physical management
 Roles and expectations for adults
 Completing physical management
 Documentation
 Identify and teach safe techniques
 Develop procedures for responding to student
or staff injuries
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Ensuring Fidelity
  Staff training and retraining
  Supervision and leadership
  Documentation and review

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SITUASI YANG TIDAK DIINGINI DI

SEKOLAH

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