International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing, April 6-8, 2017, India
Smart Parking System For Commercial
Stretch In Cities
Dharmini Kanteti, D V S Srikar and T K Ramesh
Abstract—This paper introduces the concept of using smart
technology in car parking services in particular commercial area
in cities. People nowadays face problem while parking their
vehicles in parking lots in a city. In order to overcome this, we
have developed a S mart Parking S ystem design which enables the
user to find the nearest parking area and gives the availability of
parking lots in that respective parking area. This design makes
the traditional concept of parking system smarter by leveraging
the power of IoT an d embedding it with the latest innovation of
electronic sensors & computers. It mainly focuses on reducing the
time involved in finding parking lots and also on avoiding
unnecessary travel through filled parking lots in a parking area.
Many software applications and mobile apps have been proposed
to provide a good parking experience to the users but there are
many limitations like proper time usage in pre-booking through
apps, traffic clearance, valet parking and allocation of slots near
to the user required area. We have proposed a smart parking
system for commercial stretch in cities (S PSCS C) which can be
implemented using different database storage systems like Cloud,
MySQL, Python wherein the vehicle is guided to the parking lot
using the data, which is collected by sensors and image detectors,
which is then processed and the necessary instructions are sent to
the mobile of the user.
Index TermsS —mart Parking S ystem, IOT, Raspberry Pi, Python
, PIR S ensors, IP cameras.
I.INTRODUCTION
Now-a-days people expect their life to be easy and
lu xurious. Sophisticated technologies have made people’s
lifestyle easier and more co mfortable . Technology is now a
big part of our society and our foreseeable future. Cars and
other vehicles are widely used as a reliable tool for source of
transport for goods and getting people in a short period of
time. As we know every advantage that technology brings us,
it also brings us a disadvantage at the same time. Th is increase
in the use of automobiles especially in metropolitan cities
demanded the traditional parking system to be more efficient
because of two factors : a need for parking spaces and a
scarcity of available land.
But the main challenges that are faced are lack of p roper
parking systems, maintenance and response fro m the
maintenance co-ordinators. There have been many issues on
both small scale and large scale which resulted in many
problems. Apart fro m th is time factor was a major constraint
in the traditional parking systems .
Dharmini Kanteti is with the Department of ECE, Amrita school of
engineering, Bangalore, India. (email: dharminikanteti@gmail.com )
D.V.S.Srikar is with the Department of ECE, Amrita school of engineering,
Bangalore, India. (email: srikarthegr8@gmail.com )
T K Ramesh is with the Department of ECE, Amrita school of engineering,
Bangalore, India. (email: tk_ramesh@blr.amrita.edu)
978-1-5090-3800-8/17/$31.00 ©2017 IEEE
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Here, this paper provides an algorithm o f using parking space
effectively and efficiently in real time. The approach of the
algorith m provides more acco mmodation of vehicles, user-
friendly parking, less power consumption, facilitates more
efficient use of space and also solutions to various problems
which might occur during parking the vehicle. It also
overcomes the problem of t ime management. The paper [1]
gives the analysis of various parking systems and the idea of
improvising the parking system fro m trad itional parking
system to smart parking system.
The follo wing sections describe the problems which arise in
automated parking systems and their solutions. Section II
describes the previous work. section III g ives a brief idea
about the components we used in designing the system,
section IV states the various problems wh ich are faced in
smart parking system, section V gives the idea of new
improvised algorithm, section VI gives the exp lanation of the
new imp rovised algorith m and section VII gives the solutions
to the problems which are identified fro m smart parking
system.
II. RELATED WORK
The present day parking system using smart technology has
changed the traditional way of parking system and increased
the ease of access for users.
In [2], drivers go in search of vacant slot for parking their
vehicle after co llecting the ticket fro m the device. This does
not require any human intervention in the parking area and
they discussed about the ticket vending machine for billing,
which would use a lots of paper and which is not an eco-
friendly solution.
A. Khanna and R. Anand [3] have proposed that they have
to book the parking slot on before hand and then park their
vehicle. Here we are providing the facility for both the new
users (to park their car on spot) and pre-registered users.
In [4] they mentioned the express entry and exit wh ich is a
very good option for the user to the save time and easier
parking? But what if the new user unknowingly enters into
express entry and PIR sensors sense whether the car is present
in the parking area and sends the informat ion to the database
but what if the car is parked in the wrong place?
In [5] the paper describes about averaging waiting time
which is confined only for the junctions. We considered this
factor and provided a solution to avoid traffic congestion.
In [6] it is mentioned that load/unload of goods can be done
by parking the load carrier in the parking space available near
to the shop which provides co mfortable loading/unloading.
What if the loading truck arrives when the nearby parking
slots are full?
 In [7] they are allocating the slot which is nearest to the
entry point but here in the proposed algorithm we are
considering the factors like nearest slot to the user, traffic
clearance rate etc.
In [8] it is proposed in this approach, RFID tags are used.
This involves co mplexity. More flexible, precise ways of
detection are discussed in our system.
III.COMPONENTS
Fig. 1. Working flow of processing system.
When a user gets registered, all the details of the part icular
user are stored through the database in the cloud storage.
We are using IP cameras for detecting number plate of the
vehicles of the users and when the user enters, the details are
extracted fro m the database and the user will be guided to the
slot through mobile.
Here, the sensors which are placed throughout parking area
are connected to Raspberry Pi where Raspberry pi is
connected to sensors on one side and database on the other
side. It works on Python platform which is user-friendly.
When the vehicle enters the parking space, the PIR sensors
are triggered and the timer starts. When the vehicle leaves the
parking space the PIR sensors are again triggered and the
timer stops which is connected to the raspberry pi and the
server connects to pricing algorithm.
Fig. 3. Working process of new algorithm (spscsc)
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IV.PROBLEM STATEMENT
1) If a new user enters into express entry unknowingly, how
can he be guided back to the correct path?
2) What if the person parks in the wrong slot by mistake?
The designed algorithm p rovides a solution for all these
problems.
V.ALGORITHM
Fig. 2. A generalised layout for our proposed SPSCSC
Small rectangular shapes indicate the vacant parking slots.
Fig.3 gives us a brief idea about new algorithm (SPSCSC).
In Fig.3, express user refers to pre-registered user.
In Fig.3 Block 1:- As the car enters the parking space, the
users would be split into registered users and new users. New
users would have to go on a registration provid ing details. In
the case of pre-registered users IP cameras would capture the
vehicle reg istration number and they can proceed without
interruptions.
Block 2:- The pre -reg istered users’ vehicle registration number
would be traced using edge-detection algorithm. The users’
details (both pre-registered and new users’) will be sent to
database. As per their details like parking time estimate, their
place of v isit etc. accord ing to an intelligent algorith m wh ich
optimizes the use of parking slot will be allocated. The users
will be notified by a SMS the parking slot details and
navigation to the slot will be provided to the pre -registered
users. Once they enter their respective parking slots, PIR
sensor is used to detect the vehicle presence and timer begins.
When the vehicle is vacated from parking slot the sensor
detects the absence of the vehicle and the timer stops.
Block 3:- The pre-registered can exit without any formalit ies.
The corresponding tariff will be calcu lated using pricing
algorith m and the amount will be deducted from E-wallet and
thereby user will be notified. A similar pricing system will be
followed for new users but the payment is offline.
In daily life wh ile parking on road side, on a busy street etc.
we face obstacles like street vendors’ or roadside shop owners
asking us to park us a little away fro m theirs. To overcome
these issues, various algorithms can be designed depending
upon the scenario

VI.SMART PARKING SYSTEM FOR COMMERCIAL

STRETCH IN CITIES

The proposed algorithm discusses the following features:

a) Shortest path to the destination:
The users will be guided to their destination/ parking slot
using one way and shortest path which is available so that it
will not pollute the environment and also reduces the use of
fuel.
b) More efficient use of space:
The space provided for parking can be used effectively by
parking exact ly in their slot and not parking randomly. Also
here in this algorith m, we are making use of space which is
available near the buildings as well as the extra p lace available
near the roadside for accommodating more vehicles.
Fig. 4. SPSCSC
c) More efficient allocation with respect to time:
If there is any slot allocated for pre-registered user, if there is
f) Power saving:
any new user/pre-registered user who can benefit by using the
It is a smarter habit to allocate the parking slots section wise
parking slot with in the provided time slot for the other user,
i.e. first comp letely filling an area of parking space and then
the slot is made available to the late co mer to park h is vehicle.
moving to further areas to conserve the power for lighting if
Here, we assure a buffer t ime of 15-30 min in case if there is
the areas remain unoccupied.
any delay in vacating for the occupied user. It is briefly
g) Valet Parking:
described in Fig.4.
People who wish to get closer to their destination can enter
d) Clearance of the parking space:
through the express entry provided and their car is taken by
It may happen that roadside shops would receive
valet and they are dropped near the destination and again the
consignments and there will be a chaos if any vehicle is
car will be parked by the valet in the parking place/near to the
parked in front. To avoid this, our system will be taking prior
destination as per the requirement of the user. The prices also
inputs from the vendors and the place will be left free for a
vary in accordance with the facilities provided to the user.
particular time if consignments were to arrive. This would
This type of parking benefits physically handicapped people
help in less traffic and free movement of vehicles.
in many ways.
e) Mass attendees:
h) Pricing:
It may happen in a mu ltip lex/shopping mall that people who
The following algorithm gives an idea of pricing. Fig.5 gives a
arrive to a particular movie/event will be leaving at almost the
clear p icture of how p rice is varied in accordance with the type
same time. They can be guided for a smarter parking. If the
of parking preferred by the user.
parking space has multiple exits, it is better to allocate far off
places to them so that while they are leaving the heavy traffic
can be smoothened without much chaos.

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 IX.COMPARISION ANALYSIS

Fig. 6. Comparision analysis of allocation of slots

Fig. 5. Pricing of the parking place
The above algorithm gives an idea about pricing with respect
to type of user and time
VII.EFFECTIVE SOLUTION TO PROBLEM
What if new user enters through express entry?
The IP camera sensors which are placed at the entrance of the
area tries to recognize the number plate and searches for the
details of the user in the database. When the server couldn’t
match the obtained details with any of the details in the
database, then it will give a red signal indicating that it is not
the right path for entering into the area and the barricade will
not open.
What if a person parks in the wrong slot?
When the user parks in the wrong slot unknowingly due to
lack of proper data connectivity or by mistake, PIR sensors
which are connected in the parking area gets triggered and
sends a notification to the central controlling and processing
system which on identificat ion sends a notification to the
user’s mobile.
1) Fig.6 shows a comparison between the allocation of slots by
existing system [4] and our proposed system. Here, in our
proposed system we have parking slots in the parking area as
well as vacant spaces on the roadside. In our algorith m pre-
booking of slots is organised in an effective way w.r.t t ime .
For examp le t ill 80, the existing system could serve all the
parking requests but beyond 80 it couldn’t acco mmodate more
cars since the parking is fu ll. But in our p ropos ed system there
are more vacant spaces on the roadside which can
accommodate more vehicles as well as it will accept the
requests which can be serviced within the provided time for a
pre-registered user.
2) Table 1 show the efficient use of pre-booking slots. Here, if
an user books a slot on beforehand (say 3p m) and if there is
any other request which can be serviced within the provided
time (when all the parking slots are full) , then the request is
serviced and it also ensures that there is a buffer time of
minimum 15-30 minutes.
T ABLE 1
EFFICIENT TIME ALLOCATION

VIII. EASE OF ACCESSIBILITY

1) Fast access for pre-reservation: Users who have registered

through the website or mobile app can reserve or book their
slot for parking on beforehand where all the details of the
registered person are stored in the database and the details of
their slot will be messaged to them. When the user co mes into
the area, they can enter through the exp ress entry and their
number plate will be identified using IP camera sensors and
they will be automatically guided to their slot through GPS.
2) Near-by parking for handicapped: For handicapped people,
parking slot wh ich are closer to their destination are provided
for normal parking price.
3) Ease of mobile application: People who wish to reserve Fig.7 tells about the fast traffic clearance rate (no. of cars
their parking slot before they arrive can book through the clears out fro m the parking space per minute) when there are
mobile app and they would also co me to know the availability mu ltip le gates provided as per our algorithm. This system
of slots and the discounts for availing prices of parking. works more efficiently in clearing the traffic when there is a
4) Pre-reservation for loading and unloading: If there is any sudden rush of cro wd after a particular event or time when the
loading and unloading of goods, users can reserve the slot parking space is almost full.
which is closer to the business area which will be helping
them for easier transportation.

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 IEEE 27th Int. Conf. Adv. Inf. Netw. Appl. Workshops,
Barcelona, Spain, 2013, pp. 1380–1385.
[7] Priya, B K; Sandeep, T; Chandra, D Vineela; Swarna,
V.”Energy Efficient and Secured Smart Parking System”. The
International Journal of Science and Technoledge; Bilaspurr
3.6 (Jun 2015): 78-83.
[8] W. Zeng and M.-Y. Chow, “Modeling and optimizing the
performance security tradeoff on D-NCS using the co
evolutionary paradigm,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf., vol. 9, no. 1,
pp. 394–402, Feb. 2013.

Fig. 7. T raffic clearance analysis

X. CONCLUSION

An effective algorith m of using the smart parking systems has

been described in this paper. The problems which would arise
while working with s mart parking system as well as the
solutions has been described which gives a good platform for
all the users. This algorith m p rovides not only smart use of
technology but also good experience in time saving fuel
economy and comfortable ease of access.

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