18-Mar-18

ChE 142 Chemical Engineering Plant Design

Cheat Sheet

Typical P&ID Symbols

• Codes and standards
o ISO10628 - Diagrams for the chemical and petrochemical industry
o ISO14617 - Graphical symbols for diagrams
o ANSI/ISA 5.1 - Instrumentation Symbols and Identification
• Refer to: https://www.edrawsoft.com/pid/images/pid-legend.pdf

Typical Equipment, Valve Numbering

AA-BBB-CCCC
• AA – Unit number
• BBB – Equipment type
• CCCC – Sequence number

Sample Equipment Types (BBB)
A Analyzer MOV Motor Operated Valve
B Ball Valve (typical manual) P Pump
C Check Valve PK Package (as in equipment
package)
E Heat Exchangers PSV Pressure Relief Valve
EDG Emergency Diesel Generator PV Pressure [Control] Valve
F Filter, Strainer, Screen T Tank
FV Flow [Control] Valve USV Emergency Shutdown Valve
G Gate Valve (typically manual) V Vessel, Drum
H Heater VRV Vacuum Relief Valve
K Compressor XZV Emergency Isolation Valve

Typical Line Numbering

A-BBB-CCC-DDD-EEE-F
• A – Nominal pipe size (NPS)
• BBB – Fluid code
• CCC – Unit number
• DDD – P&ID number
• EEE – Line number
• F – Insulation type

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Remove the P&ID number in the line identification. However, include the complete P&ID
number as the last column in the Line List. For lines that cross P&IDs, reference the starting
point of the line. This is to facilitate easy location of the line on the P&IDs.

Typical Fluid Codes

P Process stream LPS Low pressure steam
BFW Boiler feed water LPC Low pressure condensate
CWR Cooling water return MPS Medium pressure steam
CWS Cooling water supply MPC Medium pressure condensate
DMW Demineralized water N Nitrogen
FG Fuel gas PA Plant air
HPS High pressure steam WW Wastewater

Typical Instrument and Control Systems Numbering

AAA-BCCDD
• AAA – Instrument type (e.g., TT, FIC, PV)
• B – First digit of unit number
• CC – Last two digits of P&ID sheet number
• DD – Instrument/Control loop number

In case the control loop spans multiple P&IDs, the P&ID sheet number to be used will be the
location of the sensor (e.g., FE, PI, TE).

Sample instrument types and tags:
Source: https://www.aiche.org/chenected/2010/09/interpreting-piping-and-
instrumentation-diagrams-symbology

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Typical Pressure Drop and Velocity Ranges

Pressure Drop Range Velocity Range
Fluid
bar / 100m m/s
Boiling liquids at pump suction 0.011 – 0.056 0.3 – 1.2
Subcooled liquids at pump suction 0.04 – 0.23 0.3 – 2.4
Boiling liquids at pump discharge 0.22 – 0.9 1.5 – 4.5
Subcooled liquids at pump discharge 0.22 – 0.9 1.5 – 4.5
Atmospheric or higher pressure gases 0.02 – 0.45 -
Vacuum gases 0.004 – 0.11 -

Typical Sizes of Vents and Drains

Vessel Volume (ft3) Vent Drain Steamout
Less than 50 2” 2” 2”
50 to 600 2” 2” 2”
600 to 2,000 3” 3” 2”
2,000 to 10,000 4” 4” 2”
Greater than 10,000 6” 6” 3”


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Typical Sizes of Manways

Column Diameter (ft) Tray Spacing Manway Spacing Manway Size
2 ½ to 16 24” Every 10 trays 18”
16 to 24 30” Every 8 trays 20”
24 to 32 36” Every 6 trays 20”
32 and up 42” Every 4 trays 24”

Typical Nozzle Designations

A Inlets M Manway
B Outlets P Pressure connection
D Drains S Steam-out connection
J Pump-out connection T Temperature connection
L Level connection V Vent

Equipment Data to reflect on P&IDs

Vessels
Equipment Tag Number
Equipment Name
Size: [Inside Diameter (in mm)] x [Tangent-to-Tangent] Length (in mm)]
Design: [Pressure (in kPag)] at [Temperature (in ºC)]
Material of Construction: [____]
Insulation: [type or “None”]

Pumps
Equipment Tag Number
Equipment Name
Capacity: [in m3/hr]
Head: [in m]
Material of Construction: [____]
Insulation: [type or “None”]

Compressors, Fans, Blowers
Equipment Tag Number
Equipment Name
Number of Stages
Capacity: [in Sm3/hr]
Differential Pressure: [in kPa]
Material of Construction: [____]
Insulation: [type or “None”]

Heat Exchangers, Air Fin Coolers
Equipment Tag Number
Equipment Name

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Duty: [in kW]

Extended Area: [in m2]
Design: [Pressure (in kPag)] at [Temperature (in ºC)]
Material of Construction: [____]

Design Pressure and Temperature for Static Equipment

DP = 1.1 x MOP DT = MOT + 50°F
DP = MOP + 25 psi DT = 300°F
DP = 50 psig

Where:
DP/DT – Design pressure / temperature
MOP/MOT – Maximum operating pressure / temperature

Maximum Pressure Drop for Heat Exchangers

For pumped liquid service
Allowable Pressure Drop (psi)
Viscosity (cP)
Shell Side Tube Side
Less than 1.0 5.0 10
1.0 to 5.0 7.5 10
5.0 to 15.0 10 15
15.0 to 25.0 15 20

For condensing service
Pressure (psig) Allowable Pressure Drop (psi)
Up to 50 2.5 per shell
50 and above 5.0 per shell

Vessel Head Sizing Formulas
Volume Surface Area
Torispherical Head 0.0778D3 0.9286D2
Ellipsoidal Head 0.1309D3 1.084D2

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Drawings Title Block (P&IDs, Layouts, etc.)

Registers and Lists

Utility Summary
Equipment Service Consumption Production


Catalysts and Chemicals Summary
Equipment Catalyst/Chemical Quantity Frequency


Effluent Summary
Equipment/System Chemical Quantity Method of Disposal


Frequency Flammable (Y/N) Toxic (Y/N)


Line List
Line Size Fluid Code Unit Number P&ID Number Line Number


Design
Insulation Type Design Pressure From To
Temperature


Relief Scenario Analysis
Equipment / Over/under
Relief Device /
System to be pressure case Discharge Point
System
protected (cause)

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HAZOP Worksheet
Node Number
Node Description
Node Intention
Reference Documents

Deviation Cause Consequence Risk
Likelihood Severity Risk

Equipment/System Chemical Quantity Method of Disposal

Sample Risk Matrix for HAZOP

Source: https://www.examspm.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Screen-Shot-2016-08-
23-at-12.47.10-PM.png

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