ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND CONTROL

(DCC6232)
CASE STUDY

NAME : NOR YUSMALINI BINTI YUSOF

MATRIC NUMBER : 02DKA16F1162
LECTURER NAME : PUAN ERNIE BINTI KULIAN @ ABD KARIM
Question 1
There are various sources of air pollution that can affect Malaysia. Differentiate the pollution
made by indoor air pollution and outdoor pollution. (CLO 2) (20 Marks)

Answer :
Indoor air pollution Outdoor air pollution
Combustion sources such as oil, gas, Varied and include both natural and man-
kerosene, coal, wood and tobacco products. made ones.
Building materials and furnishings as
diverse as deteriorated, asbestos-containing
insulation, wet or damp carpet, and
cabinetry or furniture made of certain
pressed wood products. Products for
household cleaning and maintenance,
personal care or hobbies. Central heating
and cooling systems and humidification
devices. And outdoor air pollutions sources.
Depends on how much of a given pollutant Natural outdoor air pollution includes
it emits and how hazardous those emissions oxides of sulphur and nitrogen from
are. volcanoes, oceans, biological decay,
lightning strikes and forest fires, VOCs
and pollen from plants, grasses and trees.

Improperly adjusted gas stove can emit
significantly more carbon monoxide than
one that is properly adjusted.
High pollutant concentrations can remain in
the air for long periods after some of these
activities
Other sources, related to activities carried
out in the home, release pollutants
intermittently.
Natural pollution is all around us all of the
time. However, sometimes concentration
can increase dramatically.
The most common source of man-made air
pollution outdoors is the burning of fossil
fuels.
Other sources of these pollutants include
forest burning, chemical, fertiliser and paper
manufacture, and waste incineration.
Question 2
The main sources of air pollution are the industries, agriculture and traffic, as well as energy
generation. Interprete the effectiveness in controlling air pollution and the air pollution
control equipments. (CLO 3) (20 Marks)

Answer :

1. Scrubber
Scrubber systems are a diverse group of air pollution control devices that can be used
to remove some particulates or gases from industrial exhaust streams. "Scrubber" is a
pollution control devices that use liquid to wash unwanted pollutants from a gas
stream. Scrubbers are one of the primary devices that control gaseous emissions,
especially acid gases, Fumes. Industrial Scrubbers can also be used for heat recovery
from hot gases by flue gas condensation. Scrubber are used for scrubbing the
abnoxious fumes such as silicon tetrafluride, HNO3, HCl, NH3, Phosphoric acid,
super phosphate & Fluorine.

2. Cyclones and Multicyclone

The cyclone is a widely used type of particulate collection device in which dust-laden
gas enters tangentially into a cylindrical or conical chamber and leaves through a
central opening. When very large gas volumes must be handled and high collection
efficiencies are needed a multiple of small diameter cyclones are usually nested
together to form a multicyclone. Such systems are also customized for product
recovery system along with pollution control equipment.

3. Bag filter
Bag filter is used for collection of dry free flowing dust; typically dust from the dust-
laden air that enters by suction or positive pressure into the hopper. When this air
travels across the filter media, the dust is retained on the filter element and the clean
air passes through. The bags are periodically cleaned by Reverse Pulse jet type
method.

4. Air Ventilation
It works by utilizing wind power induced by centrifugal action. The centrifugal force
caused by rotating vanes creates low pressure which draws air out through rotating
body. Amount of air drawn by ventilator is continuously replaced by fresh air from
outside. It works on natural draft no external power is required.