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In discussing compound as based the theory from Aronoff (2011: 114). There are
two terms used by linguists, endocentric and exocentric. An endocentric compound is
one that has a head that is expresses the core meaning of the compound and belongs
to same lexical category as the compound as a whole. For example, blackbird, it is
endocentric compound, because the head bird determined both the meaning and the
lexical category – noun – of the compound as a whole. While exocentric compound
whose lexical category or meaning are not determinable from head. For example
figurehead, it is just a compound, because the word figure is not a type of head.
The example of compound word analysis can be seen in this sentence from Master
and Man short story.
‘The youthful landowner was asking ten thousand rubbles for the grove
simply because Vasili Andreevich was offering seven thousand’
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The above sentence has a compound word. That is compound noun. Landowner is a
compound noun and it consists of noun and noun. Land is a noun and Owner is also
a noun. Landowner is an endocentric compound due to the fact that is meaning a
person who owns land, especially a large amount of land.
This research focused on English compounding word in Master and Man short story
by Leo Tolstoy.
The research is aimed to find out the types of compound word and the meaning of
compound word found in a short story by Leo Tolstoy entitled Master and Man.
Based on phenomena in the data source, the researcher A Morphological Analysis of
English Compound Word in ‘Master and Man’ Short Story by Leo Tolstoy
B. Previous Study
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The title of fourth journal is Typical Morphology System of Language
Advertising of Cellular Services. Jatnika. A.W, Suganda. D, Wahya & Sobarna.C.
(Macrothink Institute, 2014). The data show several interesting morphological
construction of grammar. Objective of this article is to attracting consumers’
attention, arousing consumers’ interest, stimulating consumers’ desire, building up
consumers’ confidence, and evoking consumers’ to take action of purchasing. The
finding is the construction elements of the morphology of the language used to
advertise cellular phone services.
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al (53), -ous (28), -ate (2), -cy (3), -y (34), -ee (1), –tion (73), -ion (14), -ize (6), -ship
(3), -ment (26), -ism (3), -ist (1), -en (9), -ful (27), -age (2), tic (16), -ish (2), -ary (8),
-cent (2), -ive (13), -ance (7), -less (5), -ence (9), -ity (22), -ant (2), -or (11), -ness
(19), -ure (3), -fy (3). In The Land of Five Towers Novel by A. Fuadi, the roots from
the words that has been classified based on the part of speech are 199 (adjective),
188 (noun), 266 (verb).
Based from the previous study above, the similarity with this research is
the focus on study on morphology. Then the difference with this research is the
researcher conduct the research in analyzing morphological of compound word in
short story by Leo Tolstoy entitled Master and Man.
D. Problem Statement
The researcher proposes the problem based on the phenomena found in
data source, as follows:
1. What are the types of English compound word found in the Master and
Man short story?
2. What are the meanings of compound words found in the Master and
Man short story?
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E. Objective of the Study
Based on the formulation of the problem, this study aims to:
1. To classify the types of English compound word found in the Master
and Man short story.
2. To identify the meanings of the compound words in the Master and
Man short story.
G. Underlying Theory
Morphology as said by Aronoff (2011: 2) "in linguistics refers to the
mental system involved in word formation or to the branch of linguistics that deals
with words, their internal structure, and how they are formed”.
Morphology has the scope to explain based from Muhvic-Dimanovski
(2009). As follows:
1. Word Formation
This section will examine two species of word-formation, namely:
compounding and derivation. Muhvic-Dimanovski (2009: 79).
1.1 Compounding
In the compounding process, two or more words of major
classes, e.g. nouns, adjectives, etc. are combined to form a
new complex, e.g. White House ‘the official residence of the
U.S. President in Washington, D.C.’. Prevailingly, one of the
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words is head (House), the other is the modifier (White).
Muhvic-Dimanovski (2009: 79).
1.2 Derivation
Having surveyed compounding, the next is considering
derivation: affixation, and more ‘shady’ cases such as so-
called subtractive morphologies, truncation, dynamic
acronymization, back-formation and cognitive conversion.
Muhvic-Dimanovski (2009: 82).
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In discussing compound as based the theory from Aronoff (2011: 114).
There are two terms used by linguists, endocentric and exocentric. An endocentric
compound as said by Aronoff is one that has a head that is expresses the core
meaning of the compound and belongs to same lexical category as the compound as
a whole. While exocentric compound whose lexical category or meaning are not
determinable from head.
2. Compound Verbs
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There are four classification of forming of compound verbs, which
can be formulated as follow:
a. Noun + Verb: sky-dive
b. Adjective + Verb: fine-tune
c. Particle + Verb: overbook
d. Adjective + Noun: brown-bag
3. Compound Adjectives
In compound adjectives, there are twelve process of forming the
compounds, they are:
a. Noun + Adjective: childproof
b. Verb + Adjective: fail safe
c. Adjective + Adjective: open-ended
d. Adverb + Adjective: cross-modal
e. Particle + Adjective: over-qualified
f. Noun + Noun: coffee-table
g. Verb + Noun: roll-neck
h. Adjective + Noun: red-brick; blue-collar
i. Particle + Noun: in-depth
j. Verb + Verb: go-go; make-believe
k. Adjective + Verb: high-rise;
l. Verb + particle: see-through; tow-away
H. Research Method
I. Research Paper Organization
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
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APPENDIX
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