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For the project year 2018, in our continued and renewed commitment in helping the people and
provide them with better livelihood opportunities. Samaritan’s Purse has launched the Livelihood
Program - Livelihood on Integrated Farming and Entrepreneurship (LIFE) Project focused on developing
the ability and skills among the local and IDP communities in hog-raising, FAITH Gardening and Natural
Farming (FGNF) methods. To increase livelihood opportunities of the Local and Internally Displaced People
(IDP) communities in the northern barangays of Tacloban City and furthermore, increasing the income on
a household level in the community through the application of productive livestock rearing and farming
technology learned.
Natural Feeds for Swine
Introduction
Pig rearing is becoming popular due to increasing pork consumption. More farmers are venturing
into the business to diversify their farming activities and take advantage of the good prices offered due to
the shortage of pigs in the country.
However, feeding of pigs is a major challenge for most of the pig farmers. Pig feeds are expensive,
taking up to 80 per cent of a farmer’s production costs.
Pigs clearly enjoy fresh food. They are happy to eat and enjoy a wide variety of food, tastes and
textures: grass, water plants, bush and tree leafs, vegetables of all kinds (especially green one like
cabbage), fruit, nuts and meat. They even enjoy red soil and soil sods for taste and texture. They’ll happily
eat any household scraps and unfinished food. Pigs will even enjoy the odd beer if you’re so inclined to
pamper them.
Farmers can make their own feeds and sell surplus feed to other farmers. What they need is to
know the ratio of mixing the different ingredients. Pig feed should be of high quality to ensure the pigs
grow to the desired weight for the market. Due to the huge demand for information on pig feeding,
researchers provide farmers with information they need on pig feeding and give more feed formulations
that can help them cut the cost of pig production.
Good feed is necessary for growth, body maintenance and the production of meat and milk.
Farmers can use locally available feeds that are less expensive, but can be nutritionally complete when
properly prepared.
12. Chayote: Both the fruit (vegetable) and the seed are
rich in amino acids and vitamin C, potassium, phosphorus and
calcium. Fruit is very low in calories (12 calories per 100 g on
average), and chayote contains 0.5% protein, 0.2% lipids and 2%
sugars.
17. Water hyacinth (water lily) Water lily could be a good source of protein
for incorporation in fish and animal diet. The nutritional potential of the plant
parts (leaves, petiole, root, rhizome) and seeds of Water lily were evaluated
through proximate compositions and analyzed in percentages. Moisture content
was highest in the rhizome (20.40±1.241) while the seeds gave the lowest value
of (4.18±0.176). The highest value for Ash content was observed in the root
(27.36±1.261) and the seeds gave the lowest (2.81±0.498). Highest value for
the Crude fat was obtained from the seeds (9.95±0.637) while the petiole gave
the lowest value of (2.27±0.377). The crude protein and crude fibre values were
highest in the leaves 19.54±0.782 and 15.53±0.448, respectively while the
lowest was obtained in the seeds 3.27±0.104 and 1.60±0.200, respectively.
What you shouldn’t feed to your pig
Sheep, pigs, cattle, horses, and humans are sensitive to the effects of the plant. Cattle are
most often affected. Children have been poisoned by eating the berries.
Symptoms: Animals exhibit gastroenteritis with bloody, watery feces. Severe weakness
and paralysis of the limbs are followed by death in 3 to 4 days.
Treatment: Remove animals from direct sunlight. Use antibiotic injections and topical
applications of protective antibiotic creams. Treat with 20 percent sodium thiosulfate (1
ounce per 100 pounds); repeat treatment every other day. Use topical application of
cortisone to relieve itching.
Non-neurologic signs. There may be weight loss, inappetance, high heart and respiratory rates,
labored breathing, high temperature (a rare finding), hypersalivation (ptyalism) or foaming
from the mouth, dehydration, pale mucous membranes, feed retention in the cheeks
(quidding), watery discharge from the eyes (epiphora) and squinting (blepharospasm), light
sensitivity, corneal opacity, corneal ulceration and neovascularization, severe ulceration of the
tongue and gums, and prominent digital pulses without other signs of laminitis.
Poisonous Principle:
Toxalbumins
Phytotoxins in the bark and seeds
Weakness
Depression
Diarrhea
Hind leg paralysis
Loss of appetite
Colic
In humans, dizziness, vomiting, gastro- enteritis, dilation of the pupils, convulsions, slowing of
heart rate.
Poisoning is more common in humans than in animals. Children can be attracted by flowers and
consume Jimsonweed accidentally. In small quantities, Jimsonweed can have medicinal or
haulucinagenic properties, but poisoning readily occurs because of misuse.
Jimsonweed toxicity is caused by tropane alkaloids. The total alkaloid content in the plant can
be as high as 0.7%. The toxic chemicals are atropine, hyoscine (also called scopolamine), and
hyoscyamine.
Early Signs:
rapid pulse
restlessness
depression
rapid breathing
nervousness
dilated pupils
muscular twitching
frequent urination
diarrhea
weight loss
Fatal Cases:
weak pulse
irregular breathing
lower body temperature
coma
retained urine
convulsion
1. Mixing all the different feeds together (rice bran, broken rice, crushed maize and soya, dried
legume leaves, etc.) in proportion and giving it directly to the pigs.
2. Cooking the different raw materials together to improve digestibility, and to breakdown toxins
from some feeds such as raw cola-cassia, banana stem, maize and soya grains, beans, kitchen
waste, forage crops, and similar.
You can feed the sweet potato silage to pigs from four months of age, sows, gilts and boars at any
time before or after feeding their usual daily rations.
Sweet potato vines are very nutritious pig feed if well prepared and preserved. Sweet potato vines
are very nutritious pig feed if well prepared and preserved.
Pig farmers who incorporate sweet potato silage into the pig diet can cut their feed costs by up
to 30 per cent.
The sweet potato tubers can be eaten or sold in the market.
Ingredients:
1. 48kg of maize germ
2. 12kg of pollard
3. 12.5kg of soya cake
4. 7.5kg of fishmeal
5. 0.75kg of lime
6. 1kg of bone meal
7. 125g of salt
8. 150g of lysine
9. 150g of feed premix
10. 300g of zinc
Procedure:
1. Put all the ingredients in a feed mixer and mix thoroughly to ensure they are evenly distributed.
This pig feed ration has a Digestible Crude Protein (DCP) content of 22.3% and can be given to pigs
at all stages of growth.
Feed premix, lysine, bonemeal and lime are also available from selected agrovet shops in most
towns.
Feed Formula 3 (Feed Formula at Costales Farm)
Ingredients:
1. 50 kilos of D1 (fine) rice bran
2. 5 kg soya
3. 7 kg copra
4. 15 kg water hyacinth (better known here as water lily)
5. 0.5 kg salt
6. 0.5 kg lime.
Ferment the mixture inside tightly covered plastic drums for 15 days before feeding.
Feed Formula 4. The basic recipe of the feeds is rice bran and different types of crops. Divided into
three groups. This ratio is one sack (about 50kg) and ¾ sack (about 5 to 7 kg) of different crops.
Points to Remember: