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TCR Antenna For Small Satellite Application

Z. KOURDI, O.A. Kara1


1
Center exploitation satellite communication, Agency of Space Algeria, Algeria

zkourdi@cds.asal.dz
Abstract. The results of this study are interesting about The antenna presented are a new approach of
antenna technologies for generating contoured beam designing an antenna with a circular waveguide choke
antennas. Design considerations for TCR (tracking, antenna at Ku-band based on an advanced theoretical
command and ranging) performance of an antenna in terms analysis of the classical biconical antenna’s radiation
of coverage gain, side lobe isolation, and cross-polar
modes[4], and gives a better coverage with good cross-
isolation is discussed. The paper also discusses the
polarization, and the mechanical dimensions are having
possibilities of extending the frequency coverage of the
antenna system into the Ku-band system can increase the
better tolerance at Ku-band. The antenna design was
capabilities and operational flexibility of existing earth carried out using simulation based CST-microwave
stations as well as adapts with new current and future studio software shown in Fig. 1.
technology trends are presented.

Keywords: Tracking Command Ranging; small


satellite; Ku-band, Omni Antenna.

1 Introduction

In the next few years, much interest has been shown


in mini-satellite of the telecommunications, placing a Fig. 1 Design schematic of the antenna simulation
L=50mm, R1=20mm, R2=3mm.
mini satellite into GEO orbital significantly cheaper
than those larger satellites and enough to provide near
national/regional coverage. It also encourages research 2 Result and Discussion
a fast development and establishment of a
communications infrastructure, cost less, strengthening The performance domain time for simulation used
independence and prestige with the improvement of the time domain from the CST Microwave Studio
technology base in this domain, especially interested in simulation tool. Overall channel in an indoor
the topic of antennas where research is being carried out propagation antenna simulated has been computed a
to design small antennas. different angular direction with a transfer function of
The antenna tracking, command and ranging (TCR) the transmitting and receiving, with the ranging channel
reported in this paper was released in this direction. on, ranging and telemetry are provided simultaneously
Indeed, the aim of this study was to design a small-size on the same downlink carrier. As with commanding,
circularly polarized antenna which could be mounted on ranging can be performed only with a phase-locked
a future small satellite ALCOMSAT-2-. receiver.
The spacecraft telemetry, tracking and command All transitions are properly designed to eliminate
(TT&C) systems are in general provided with circularly even marginal reflections and provide a good antenna
polarized links having wide antenna coverage [1]. Most matching to 50Ω in the 2GHz to 20GHz frequency band
of the cases it is through omni or near-omni directional are illustrated in Fig. 2. It is seen that the antenna has an
antenna system and it are possible to sustain the link omni-directional radiation pattern. Meanwhile, the
with lower transmitted power from the satellite [2]. energy reflection is below -20dB from 9.25 GHz to
This paper focuses on antenna permitting operation 15.25 GHz, which implies that the impedance of the
of the earth terminal in large bands without requiring polarizer can be matched in all of this range free space.
the replacement of the feed are a highly desirable Fig. 3 shown a circular polarization simulated of
capability here. The discône antenna was generally the VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio),
chosen due to its widely reported a good performance, The result is the peaks and valleys as seen. VSWR
but they are usually not suitable for applications has been 1.01 and 1.15 range, there would be no
requiring omnidirectional radiation patterns. One reflected power and the voltage would have a constant
possible way to achieve omnidirectional radiation is the magnitude along the transmission line means the
use of a biconical antenna [3]. antenna is well-matched.
2
The radiation patterns have been simulated in the
11 GHz frequency band representing in Fig. 4. Note that
an axial ratio less than 2.13 in a 66.2° beam width is
obtained.

Fig. 5: Maximum gain frequency rang [9GHz-16GHz].

Fig. 2 Simulation reflection coefficients at the antenna


port and for the total system at the input port wave
guide.

3 Conclusion

A circularly polarized TCR antenna has been


presented. The simulation shows that it is possible to
achieve hemispherical coverage with this antenna.
This study also shows the main effect on the antenna
feeding has been optimized to include discone antenna
with feed, which reduce any influence on GEO orbit.
Fig. 3 VSWR simulation with range frequency [2 Consequently, all these properties make the antenna
GHz- 20 GHz]. ideal for satellite communication systems.

References
1. C. Kumar, M. K.. Dual mode conical horn with dual
circular polarizations for TT&C system of a
geostationary spacecraft. Working on the RF Systems of
the Chandrayaan. India, (2012).
2. INSAT-3E. Configuration Handbook. ISRO Satellite
Centre, (2003)..
3. Klinkenbusch, S. B.. Spherical-multipole analysis in
electromagnetics, ltipole analysis in electromagnetics,”
in Frontiers in Electromagnetics, D. Werner and R.
Mittra,. New York: Wiley-IEEE Press, (1999).
Fig. 4 Directivity at f=11 GHz. 4. Narek Rostomyan, A. T.. A Compact Balanced
Symmetric Discone Antenna with Optimized
Ultrawideband Omnidirectional Impulse Radiation
Behavior. IEEE The 8th European Conference on
Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2014) , 83-86,
(2014).
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