ITC

Jobs of manager:

1. Data Analysis
2. Data reporting

1 coin from 1 bag, 2 from 2 bags, 3 from 3 bags, 4 from 4…

550 Kg should be there +2/3/4/5….

Remaining weight, that bag has the fake coin.

Becoming leader in market you have to think different, do different. You

have to be a front runner.

Q: What is spreadsheet?

192.168.188/claroline

End term 60

Quiz 30

Assignment 10

Quiz 1: 12th July 15 marks

Quiz 2: 26th July 15 marks

 Lecture 2

4 stages in data analysis:

1. Data Collection: excel, text file, web pages (HTML)

2. Data Transformation and Cleaning: Removing errors and making data
ready for analysis.
3. Insight Creation: Non-trivial information is to be extracted from it. The
information should be understandable and useful for my business.
4. Data Presentation: Knowledge representation. Making an analytical
report or building a dashboard (KPI i.e. Key Performance Indicators of
the organization). It always gives the current state and not the historical
state. It is a visual representation through chart, images, graphs etc.

Earlier people thought that analysis is a combination of techniques

and tools.

Techniques:
1. Forecasting
2. Regression
3. Clustering
4. Correlation

Tools:

1. Excel
2. R
3. Python
4. SPSS
5. SAS

But you need to know business (domain expertise) also to make analysis.

GP A: No. of apples exported/ year in the country in last 100 years

Gp B: No. of divorces happened/year in the country in last 100 years.

Correlation: Relationship between 2 independent variables. It ranges from -1
to +1.

+1= Positively correlated

-1= Negatively correlated

Data analytics/business analytics refers to the skills, technologies, practices for

continuous iterative exploration and investigation of past business performance
and

Smart analytics:

S- Start with a strategy

M- Measure the metric

A- Analyse the data

R- Report the results

T- Transform the business

Non-personalized recommendation: (Physical retailers)

Best Selling Product of the Month

Editor’s Choice

Shopper’s Choice

Personalized recommendation:

e-Commerce

happygrumpy.com: To see how your mood is.

Crowd sourcing: Wikipedia (we don’t know who you are but we are working
for a common goal). But you can’t quote Wikipedia in researches. 98% correct
as said by Oxford University.

An Excel file is a workbook. Collection of worksheets.

One page or sheet in excel is a worksheet. Max. sheets that can be added: 255

Rows and columns in a worksheet.

Max. No. of rows:1048576

Max. No. of columns: 16384

Max. No. of cells= 1048576*16384=17179869184

Intersection of a row and a column is called a cell. The name of a cell is the
address itself.

Chosen cell: Active cell

Name bar: Address of active cell.

Countblank: =Countblank (count the no. of blank cells in a given range).

PIN Code starts with 2—Uttar Pradesh, 7—West Bengal.

Master card-5, VISA card-4

If a number is greater than 15 digits in a cell, it will be stored as exponential.

To store a number as a text: add apostrophe in front.

=Count (Range): In a given range, how many cells are filled by a number.

=Counta(Range): In a given range, how many cells are filled (by text, junk
character, special character, numbers).
Circular Referencing error: Blue arrows shown.

How to come out of it? Go to file, options, formulas tab, check the textbox of
enable iterative calculations.

Key shortcuts:

See all the formulas used in an excel sheet: Ctrl+~

Ctrl+shift+4: Change the range of data to currency.

Ctrl+Shift+Right arrow: select the whole row.

Ctrl+shift+down arrow: Select the range till it is filled.

Ctrl+1: to open the format cells dialog box.

Press F4 in formula: Addressing relative and absolute controlled.

Press F3: Opens the paste list dialog box (of whole workbook)

Ctrl+ space bar: column is selected

Shift+ space bar: row is selected

Ctrl+shift+ +: Insert a new column

Ctrl+shift+3: to change a cell format to date.

Ctrl+shift+~: general format

Ctrl+shift+1: number upto 2 decimal places

Ctrl+shift+2: time

Ctrl+shift+3: date

Ctrl+shift+4: currency

Ctrl+shift+5: %

Ctrl+shift+6: Exponential

Ctrl+shift+; : current time

Ctrl+; :Current date

 Simulation Exercise

Fill with no. from 1 to 10000: Choose option fill (below auto sum button) from
home tab.

Generate random numbers:

Randbetween(a,b): To generate an integer between a and b where a is lower

bound and b is upper bound.

Rand(): It doesn’t require any argument. To generate a real number between 0

and 1.

It checks the immediate left column; upto which the immediate left column is
filled; rand function fills the current column.

Unit Price: Need a real number; value between 100 and 200.

Randbetween(100,199) + rand().

F9: Refreshes the formula; data is changing in excel.

I want my data to be fixed; not the function to be reexecuted.

Paste Special: Paste as values, formulas, transpose.

Revenue in two decimal places: If you apply formatting, if the sheet is sent to
someone place, the formatting is lost.

Caution: You should always use some formula rather than formatting.
Formatting doesn’t change the storing of the data in memory.

3 functions to convert data to 2 decimal places:

Round(data,position): data to be rounded, position after decimal upto which it

has to be rounded.

Eg: Round (32.673,0)= 33. More than 5, upper side and less than 5, lower side.
 Round(32.673,2)=32.67

Roundup(): rounds to the next higher number upto the decimal position
specified by you without seeing the number.

Rounddown(): rounds to the next lower number upto the decimal position
specified by you without seeing the number.

Round to next higher/ lower multiple of 5, 10, 100.

1. Floor: Lower multiple. 2 arguments. [=Floor(no., 5/10/15)]

2. Ceiling: Higher multiple

Rename the cell from name bar: Do press enter key after changing the name
in name bar.

Range can also be named (A2:A10001)

Workbook name: should be sales. The data you are creating.

Worksheet name: The name of object or entity

Cell name: Name of variable or constant

Range name: Header of the range

Rules for naming:

1. Name can be alphanumeric but it should start with an alphabet and not a
number. Eg: cat123 is a valid name [not valid because name of a cell] but
123cat is not.
2. Special symbols(space , !, @, $, #) should not be there. [“_” is allowed].
3. A cell name cannot be another cell address. (abc123 is a valid cell
address; so it can’t be used.)

Shortcut way to name the range as its header:

1. Select both the data and header.

2. Go to Formulas tab.
3. Select “create from Selection”.
How to remove/correct the name:

1. Formula tab> Name Manager>select delete

See the formula used in a particular cell:

Forumulatext(cell address)

Max(revenue): Max. value. Revenue here is name of range of cell.

Min(revenue): min. value

Diff between top and 2nd highest value:

Large(range, k): k is 2nd largest or 3rd largest and so on. K=1: max

Small(range,k): k=1: min

Protect Excel:

Protect workbook, worksheet, and cell.

Data in cells from D1:I10002

Whosoever is authorized, only he/she can open the file.

Protection can only be applied on locked data/cells.

1. Select the range.

2. Ctrl+1 and make them locked from Protection tab.
3. Go to Review tab and select protect sheet option.

How:

1. Select the whole sheet.

2. Press Ctrl+1.
3. Go to Protection tab and uncheck the locked checkbox.

Hide a formula:

Caution: Only a locked cell’s formula can be hidden.

 1. Unprotect sheet
2. Ctrl+1
3. Select Hidden checkbox in Protection tab.
4. Protect Sheet.

Formulatext can’t extract the formula of a hidden & protected cell.

Absolute Referencing: value is not allowed to be changed.

Relative referencing: value is allowed to be changed.

Circular Referencing:

Auditing Tools

2 most imp functions to extract information about the current excel sheet.

400 formulas, 10 categories (Engineering, Statistics, Mathematical, Information,

Referencing)

INFORMATION CATEGORY

=CELL (address): Tells the address of current active cell. $K$7

=cell(filename): returns the file name along with path

Workbook name in an Excel is always within a square bracket. After workbook

name, we have sheet name.

Sheet1!c4: Cell C4 of sheet 1.

Sheet2!A5: Cell A5 of sheet 2.

INFO

SHEETS: to know the no. of sheets in a workbook; no. of sheets in a range of

sheets selected.

SHEET: returns the order of given sheet.

Hide/unhide a sheet

To know the path of excel sheet:

Name of workbook:
Name of worksheet:

Any function that starts with ‘IS’ only returns two values: TRUE or FALSE.

Assignment 1:

Divide A4 paper into 3 columns

Info category formula, define the function, example

Error Types:

7 types of errors:
1. #error (###): size of cell is insufficient; insufficient space: double click
on the border of two cells or adjust it manually.
2. #DIV/0!: Division by zero
3. Name error (#NAME?): Neither a built-in function nor user defined
variable.
Check the spelling or define a range.
4. #N/A: Not Applicable (formula doesn’t exist in the mentioned cell)
5. #VALUE: Doing operation on incompatible data types.
6. #REF: reference error
7. NULL error (#NULL!): if the output is null after doing some operation,
this error is returned.
Egs:
B1+B2 B3
Space works as an intersection operator in excel. It gives the intersection
value between two operands.
8. #NUM!: SQRT(-5): Number is not real; so this error comes. Or finding
log of a negative number.
Egs:
When computation is a very big number or answer is not defined.
=5^3125
=10^10245 #NUM!. Very big number which excel can’t calculate.
SQRT(-5):

Log(-ve number)
To calculate the length of characters in a cell:

=len(c2)

Trim: Removes the extra white spaces before starting character and after
the last character; and also in between two words, only one valid space
will be there.

Extract first name of every cell: all the characters before the occurrence
of first white space.

=LEFT(E2,FIND(" ",E2,1)-1)

=LEFT(cell address, k): k: how many characters to be extracted from left

=RIGHT(cell, k): k: how many characters to be extracted from right

=MID(cell,a,b): a: starting character and b: how many characters.

=FIND(text to be found, in what to be found, [start_num])

Start_num: start finding the white space or text to be found after given
position.

Default value of start_num: 1

CAUTION: If a text is to be passed in a formula, it has to be within

double quotes.

Extract numbers/qty.:

After occurrence of last white space, the value is my quantity.

If there are k white spaces, the kth occurrence is the last white space.

No. of white spaces=len(text with white space)-len(text without white

space)

No. of white spaces= last occurrence of white space.

Substitute: substitute all the white spaces with nothing.

=SUBSTITUTE(E2,” “, “”, [instance_num]):

Instance_num: which occurrence of white space has to be substituted.

Default value of substitute: ALL

Replace last occurrence of white space with a special character (@)

=SUBSTITUTE(E2,” “, “@”, last WS):

Concatenate(A2, “ “, B2)

REPT(“m”, 10): Repeats a given character for the given no. of times.

Freeze: headers; row or column; will always remain.

To unfreeze:

1. Go to View tabFreeze panes option unfreeze panes.

F3: Paste list; It gives the list of range names in the whole workbook.

Count the no. of range names in a workbook: counta()

In sheet1: Find function to check for ! mark. Then extract first name; that
will tell all sheets and then we can use counta.

IF Function

3 ARGUMENTS:

If (logical_test, return/execute if output of test is true, return/execute if

output of test is false)

Logical Operators:
>
<
>=
<=
!=

Q: How to generate random PAN Nos.?

First five digits character, 4 digits, 1 character: total 10 digits

Generating random text.

Using IF function:
Checking eligible or not eligible for a loan:
If (age>25, “eligible”, “not eligible”)

Logical Conditions:

OR: Takes more than 1 arguments/logical operators. Returns true if any

one of the logical operators returns true.
AND: It takes More than 1 arguments. Returns true if all the logical
operations return true. All conditions are met.
NOT: It negates the given input. True->false, falsetrue. It takes only
one argument/logical input.
XOR:

Assignment:
1. =IF(AND(Age>35,Owns_House="NO",Type_of_employment="GOV
T"),"Eligible", "Not Eligible")
OR
=IF(Age>35,IF(Owns_House="NO",IF(Type_of_employment="GOV
T","Eligible","Not Eligible"),"Not Eligible"),"Not Eligible")

2. =IF(OR(Annual_Income>1500000,Owns_House="YES"),"Eligible","
Not Eligible")

3. =IF(K2="Divorced","Not Eligible", "Eligible")

4.
5. =countif(range, Logical condition)

=countif(range, “Eligible”)

6. =COUNTIF(Age,">40"): double quotes because a logical operator

comes with a no.

COUNTIFS:

=Countifs(age, “>40”, gender, “Male”)

Countifs internally does an AND operation on different criterion in

count if.

N. Total no. of customers who are either male or their age is greater
than 40 years.
Soln:
=countif(Age, “>40”)+countif(Gender, “M”)- countifs(Age,
“>40”,Gender, “M”)

7. =countif(pan,”AB*”): ‘*’ wildcard. * denotes 0 or more no. of

characters.

8. =countif(pan,”*T”)

9. =countif(pan, “??MN*”): ‘?’ wildcard. ? denotes one character.

10. Generate an array of unique names.

Go to Data tab filteradvanced copy to a new location

Select the range with the header

Select the complete column where you want to copy.

 Select unique records only checkbox.

 Press OK

Irreversible process. Ctrl+z won’t work.

Advanced filter assumes that first row of each column is a header.

 CAUTION: Select header also.

11.

N. Are all Pan IDs of 10 characters?

Soln: =Countif(pan_no, “??????????”)

OR

=countif(pan_no, rept(“?”,10))

N. No. of pan ids not equal to 10 characters?

Soln: =countif(pan_no, “<>??????????”)

Check the result of a subformula/nested formula:

1. Select the subformula/nested formula.

2. Press F9 to see the result/execution of sub formula
3. Press Ctrl+z or esc to exit out of the formula. [otherwise that sub
formula is executed in the main formula.]

N. People with Total annual income=max annual income

Soln: =max(ann_inc)

=countif(ann_inc,A2)

Where A2 contains the value of max function.

Summary: (For countif, countifs, sumif, sumifs, averageif, averageifs)

Criteria:

1. Text data: within double quotes

2. Text data + operator: both operator & text within double quotes
3. Number: No double quotes required
4. Number with a logical operator: Both operator and number within double
quotes
5. Cell address: No double quotes required
 6. Cell address + logical operator: “logical operator” & cell address
7. Formula: No double quotes
8. Formula + logical operator: “logical operator” & formula

SUMIF: sum a certain range if and only if the given criterion is met.

COUNTIF: count only if a given condition is met.

SUMIFS: first argument is sum_range; range, criterion

N. Total loan applied by males.

Soln: =sumif(gender, “M”,loan)

N. Total loan applied by females less than 30 years of age

Soln: =sumifs(loan, gender,”F”, age, “<30”)

Functions covered:

Info

Text

Count

Logical

Mathematical

Look up and referencing function

Vlookup: Vertical lookup

Vlookup(lookup value, lookup table, col index, match)

CAUTION: the first column of look up table should contain look up value.
Exact match: FALSE

Approximate match: TRUE

Default value: TRUE

Col Index: from which column you want the data. It should always be a positive
number.

Data Validation/Restriction: restrict user to enter value out of given column

only

Only pan number to be entered:

Data tab data validation (in data tools)

By default: any value

Select list of values; select data source and list will be created.

Error alert:

Stop: Retry, cancel

Warning:Yes or No

Information: OK

Input Message:

Tool tip for that cell

For approximate value:

For vlookup on numeric value, the table should be in ascending order for the
first column in lookup table.

Hlookup:

Index: Extracts the item from given position.

=index(array, position)

Array can be single row or column or rows+column.

Match: Match(what to be matched, where to be matched, 0/1/-1)

0: Exact match

1,-1: numerical match

Match works only in single row or single column.

=MATCH(AG11,A1:O1,0)

=vlookup(AE12,A1:O10514,MATCH(AG11,A1:O1,0),FALSE)

CAUTION: Don’t forget the last argument of match or vlookup.

Offset:

=offset(reference cell, no. of rows to come down/up, no. of columns to go

right/left, height, width)

Go down in no. of rows: +

Go up in no. of rows:-

Go right in columns: +

Go left in columns: -

Height: no. of rows we want

Width: no. of columns we want

CAUTION: Press ctrl+shift+enter to get the value.

Height and width can not be negative.

This is an array function.

Sum of 6 cells:

=SUM(OFFSET(D10,-5,-1,3,2))

Let D10 be my reference cell.

[In file Pune, sheet 2.]

Q: How many copies of different movies have been sold?

A: Text to column get the last filled column in a given row [because it
contains the no. of copies]use offset
To get the last filled column:

=counta(C2:XFD2): [Selected the whole row from cell C2]

=offset(B2,0,B2)

{in file movies}

Indirect:

Always looks for text data which can be logically transformed into a valid cell
address.

Goes to that cell and gets the value of that cell.

Example: =indirect (“A1”): Text A1 to cell address; returns the value in A1

=indirect(A1): #REF! (because the data in A1 is 5 [number])

=indirect(b1): value stored in b1 is a1: it gives data 5

Give me the sum of first five numbers:

{in file pune sheet 2}

=SUM(INDIRECT(E4):INDIRECT(F4)): sum of nos. from D1 to D5.

[Because the sum function (for range) and summing all the cell addresses
change the cell address of the value. But indirect function works best.]

[Monthly sales worksheet in session 11]

Bring data from multiple worksheets to one worksheet:

=INDIRECT(C$1 &"!"&$B2)

Data from multiple workbooks to one workbook:

CAUTION: all the multiple workbooks should be opened in the background for
the function to work.

=INDIRECT("["&C$1&".xlsx]sheet1!"&$B2)

Address:
Lookup:

=Lookup(what, where, which column)

Works in single row or column.

=lookup(lookup value, lookup vector, result_Vector)

CAUTION: This lookup vector should be in ascending order and same

length of lookup vector and result_vector.

Don’t sort the column only. Sort the whole data.

Date & Time

1enterctrl+shift+301-jan-00

Ctrl+shift+~: to change the format of a cell to general.

=Today(): Extract current/today’s date.

=Now: Extract today’s date and time.

=Now()-Today(): 0.56…. Ctrl+shift+2 change the format of cell to time.

=day(A3): Extracts date part from the given date

=month(A3): Extracts month part from the given date

=year(A3): Extracts year part from the given date

=weekday(A3): Sunday:1, Monday:2, Tuesday: 3, Wed:4, Thurs:5, Fri:6, Sat:7

Text function:

= TEXT(A3,"dddd"): Gives the output as Thursday

=TEXT(A3,"ddd"): output ‘Thu’

=Text(A3, “dd”): Gives date (20)

=TEXT(A3,"mmmm"): July
=TEXT(A3,”mmm”): Jul

Date, month and year given in different cells: to make that into date

=date(year,month,date): gives the date

Time functions:

=hour(A5): gives the hour from the given time.

=minute(A5): gives the minute from the given time.

=second(A5): gives the second from the given time.

=time(hour, minute, second): Gives the complete time.

Suppose a project starts today. The project takes 200 days to complete.

Find the end date of the project.

=Today()+200-1: [Because it counts a day ahead of it]

{If the company works for 7 days a week}

=today()+1: 21-07-2017

But if a company has 5 day a week,

=workday(start_date-1, no. of days): gives correct date.

=workday(start_date, no. of days)-1: Workday function is checking that sat nd

Sunday is a holiday but -1 doesn’t know that last day is a sat/sun.

Some extra government holidays/corporate holiday:

=workday(start_date-1, no. of days, [holidays]): Number (ctrl+shift+3)

If a company has 6 days a week,

Customized Weekends: (Friday, Saturday)

=workday.intl (start_date-1, days, [weekend], [holidays]):

“0000000”: first zero stands for Monday, 2nd for tues, 7th zero Sunday.

If weekend only on Monday: “1000000”

List of activities given, start date, end date: Calculate no. of working days.

If 7 days a week,

=startdate cell- end date cell

If 5 day week:

=networkdays(A22,A26): It is inclusive of both the dates: start and end date. So,
no need to subtract 1.

If customized weekend:

=networkdays.intl(A22,A28, [weekend]):

Date and time functions: hand written note. Submit on Saturday.

Session 9

Datedif(start_date, end_date, “Y”): Expresses the difference between two dates

in the no. of years.

=datedif(start_date, end_date, “M”): Expresses the difference between two dates

in the no. of months.

=datedif(start_date, end_date, “D”): Expresses the difference between two dates

in the no. of days.

=datedif(start_date, end_date,”ym”): how many left over months after the last
completed year.

=datedif(start,end,”md”): how many days left over after the last completed
month.
What if analysis: Decision making tool in Excel.

Y=f(x1,x2, x3) where xn= input variables, y= output variable.

3 types of tools for what if analysis:

1. Data Table: Used to study the effect of changing input variable on output
variable.
2 variants:
a) One-input data table: Only one input variable is changing and effect
can be seen on n output variables. [1:N]
b) Two-input data table: 2 input variables are changing and we can see
the effect on 1 output variable. [2:1]

2. Goal seek: Output variable is given and we want to see the effect on
input variable.

3. Scenario Manager: N:N

N input and N output variables.

Working in dt worksheet,
Map revenue to D5, VC to D6 and so on. [These are my output variables]

Select your data table.

Data tab what if analysis data tablecheck if your input is in row
format or column format. (of data table)
Here it is in column.
Select D1 cell in column input cell.

Q: How many cups of tea should I sell that I get break-even point.
A: Data Goal seek
Set cell: profit (D7)
To value: 0 [Bcz break even, profit=0]
By changing: demand (D2)

Q: Educational loan of 15 lacs at rate of interest 9%.

 EMI: =pmt(rate/12,term*12,principal)=24133

But I can afford only 20000 as emi.

Scenario Manager:

Input Variables Best case Most likely Worst case

Year 1 sales 20000 10000 5000
Sales growth 20% 10% 5%

Year 1 price 20 10 5

Output variables:

After tax profit for 5 years

NPV

DataScenario ManagerAdd scenario

Name: best

Changing cell: select input variables (c9 to c11)

Values of changing cells: 3 values enter

Press Add

Name: worst

Name: most likely

Importing the data

Web page

Access database

Text file

From two text files to 2 new workbooks.

Datafrom text filedelimited/width

[Continued with offset and indirect functions]

Session 12

OLTP: Online Transaction Processing System

OLAP: Online Analytical Processing System

Pivot Table is an example of OLAP. It is simple yet powerful reporting tool.

Rules for creating a Pivot Table:

1. Topmost row should be headers.

2. Recommended to create pivot table in new worksheet.

Pivot Table or Pivot Chart

3 areas:

1. Pivot Table Area

2. Headers/Name of columns [If first row would have been a header, it
would have come as header and that data would have been lost]
3. Filter, Columns, Rows, Value

Columns are also known as fields, dimensions, attributes in analytical world.

VALUE ZONE:

Mathematical/Statistical Calculation: Value field [lower right zone]

Numerical data: By default sum function will work.

Text type data: By default count function will work.

Unique value of that particular column will be displayed. If there are duplicate
values in that column, only the unique value is displayed.

By default any pivot table in a new worksheet starts in A3 cell.

Default name: A3 [cell address of that cell]

Q: Total revenue earned from each store at different locations.

Rows: Store

Values: sum of revenue

2: Total revenue earned for store product pair.

Row/column : store, product

Values: sum of revenue

3: Product category for each product and store pair the average revenue
earned?

Values: average of revenue

Row/column: store, product, product category

Q: How many transactions occurred in different locations?

Store

Count (order_number)

Q: Why is it called Pivot table?

A: It is fixed with respect to one point. Here the cell is A3 to which it is fixed.

Hierarchy of day:

Days WeekMonthQuarterYear

Hierarchy of country:

CityDistrictStateRegionCountry

Product category is higher in hierarchy than product. So, change their order in
row/column zone. It will give good presentation.

Store, product and product category: 3-dimensional view of the information.

Pivot table helps us visualize the data in N dimensions.

Compact: tab delimited product and product category in same column

Outline: product and product category in different column.

Tabular: product and category in tabular format.

Q8 : How to find no. of orders placed on a particular date?

Rows: date

Value: count of order no.

Derive months from date.

Right click on date and choose group.

In Grouping dialog box, start date and end date is already filled.

From group, select month from the drop down.

N. Last year, during Mega sale in Diwali days, my server got down.
Analyse my weekly traffic now.

A: Group: days: no. of days = 7

CAUTION: Please ungroup the column you are working on.

N 10. Age of people coming to my store. If Adolescent: 18 to 29 age. Avg.

Revenue coming from these people.

Rows: Age

Values: average of revenue

Group age: for adolescent group.

Start: 18

End: 29

By: 12

CAUTION: Ungroup.
11. Customers interact with the store multiple times [physical store or
website]. In which interaction he has spent max value?

Rows: customer number

Value: max of revenue

12. Display for each customer the first interaction date.

Rows: customer number

Value: min of order_Date

By which mode? Web or store?

Filter: channel of purchase

13. Last visit date, Times he visited the store [Frequency], Total amount
spent by him.

Row: customer no.

Values: max of order date [Recency]

count of customer_number/order number [Frequency]

sum of revenue [Monetary analysis]

CLV: Customer life time value

RFM anlaysis: recency, freq, monetary

14. Total revenue by each store for different products and payment was
received by cash.

Slicer: first step towards building dashboard. It gives an interactive look.

Analyze: insert slicer Mode of payment select

Choose multiple buttons from dashboard using Ctrl key.

Here, the data is 3D.

15. In the month of aug and sep.

4D.

Store, product, cash, aug and sep and giving revenue.

Insert timeline  Order date select.

Caution: You can’t select non contiguous date in timeline.

Caution 2: Right click on the header of slicer/timeline and click clear filter of
slicer and timeline.

After that remove slicer and timeline.

16. Aug and Oct

Non contiguous dates

Filter: Order date and then select aug and oct.

17. What % of total revenue comes from Bhubaneshwar store by body care
product.

Values zoneValue field settings[left click]Show values as: [2nd tab]

% of Grand Total.

If % of revenue from Bhubaneshwar store, what % is body care product:

Show values as: % of Row Total

18. Of the total revenue earned from body care, what percentage of
revenue comes from Patna Store?

Values as: % of Column Total

19. Express in % the increase/decrease in revenue for all products with

respect to previous quarter.

Rows: Quarter

Show values as : % diff

Base field: Quarter

Base item: previous [for previous quarter]

N. Total revenue earned from body care in quarter 1

=getpivotdata(value field, name of pivot table,[field1, item1], [field2, item2])

=getpivotdata(“sum of revenue”, A3, “Product”, “Body Care”, “Quarter”, 1)

Grouping of product data:

Multiple products are under multiple product category.

Product category department

Fashion department: body care, cloth, footwear

But department data is not collected.

Select the three items by pressing ctrl key. Right click group.

Group 1

Ungroup before moving ahead.

In pivot table,

ColumnFields

Unique value of a columnitem

Create new field without affecting my data and preform my calculations on

it:

Calculated field option.

If total revenue earned from customer is > 80000, then give him gift
voucher=10% of his revenue amount else zero.

Customer number rows

Sum of revenue values

Analyze field, items and setscalculated Field

Enter the field name; to select a field; double click on it.

It doesn’t affect the original data; only added as field in pivot table.

Cross-selling of a product.

Not from same category or department.

List formulas

Calculated field, item

Create a new item:

Ctrl+T: To create a new table

New row

New column

Enter formula in one cell in the column; the whole column gets populated
automatically.

[In east and west workbook:]

ViewArrange All Tiled

Ctrl+N: New workbook

Consolidate

DataConsolidate [In Data Tools]

Fn: sum

Reference: select the data part in east and west workbooks respectively.

Add reference
Create link from data source

Conditional Formatting

1. Highlight Cell Rules: greater than, less than, equal to,

2. Top/Bottom Rows: top 10 items/ top 1: maximum/ top 10%
3. Data Bars: All other cells will have relatively filled data bars. The cell
with maximum value will have the data bar of length equal to the width
of the cell or column.

 Selection is most important for conditional formatting.

New Rule:

Here = in formula stands for ‘If’

1. Select F, G, H columns from row #2.

=F2>=$K$5

2. Select the entire row: so, select the whole data here.
=($F2+$G2+$H2)>=$K$6
Even if I now change the target value in K6 cell, the rule automatically
adjusts according to it.
3. Color only the name of the employee:
Select only employee column from cell A2

4. Select only department column from D2

=or($D2=”Administration”, $D2=”Finance”, $D2=”estate”)

5. Only birth column selected

=datedif($C2,today(),”yd”)>=335

6. Revised due date is in next 3 months

=and($E2>=today(),$E2-today()<=90)
7.
9.
10.Alternate column color:
Ctrl+A/Ctrl+shift+spacebar: to select the whole sheet

=mod(column(),2)
 11.Alternate row color:
=mod(row(),2)

12.8*8 chessboard starting cell as white

=mod(row()+column(),2)

13.8*8 chessboard starting cell as black

=mod(column()+row(),2)
14. 4 columns and 10 rows

=randbetween(10,20) ctrol+enter: same formula is populated in all the selected

cells.

Color in green the max value of respective columns & min in red

 6 worksheets

12 questions of 5 each

Paper doable in 1 hour