Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad

Mech. Engg. & Prod. and Industrial Engg. (4th Semester) Even Semester (2016-17)
Fluid Mechanics (AM1401) Tutorial Sheet-1.

Q1-A gasoline line is connected to a pressure gage through a double-U manometer, as shown in Fig1. If the
reading of the pressure gage is 370 kPa, determine the gage pressure of the gasoline line. The specific gravities
of oil, mercury, and gasoline are given to be 0.79, 13.6, and 0.70, respectively. [P=354.6 kPa(gage)]

fig1 fig2

Q2-A water pipe is connected to a double-U manometer as shown in Fig.2 at a location where the local
atmospheric pressure is 14.2 psia. Determine the absolute pressure at the center of the pipe.[22.3 psi(abs)]

Q3-A 6m x 6m x 6m vented cubical tank is half-filled with water; the remaining space is filled with oil
(SG=0.8). What is the total force on one side of the tank? [Ans 900
kN]

Q6-Two immiscible fluids are contained between infinite parallel plates. The plates are separated by distance
2h, and the two fluid layers are of equal thickness h; the dynamic viscosity of the upper fluid is three times that
of the lower fluid. If the lower plate is stationary and the upper plate moves at constant speed U m/s, what is the
velocity at the interface? Assume laminar flows, and that the pressure gradient in the direction of flow is zero.
[Hint: Use boundary conditions at = 0, = ℎ & = 2ℎ; and the shear stress condition generated at the

interface.] =

Q7: Calculate specific weight, mass density, specific volume and specific gravity of a liquid having a volume of
4m3 and weighing 29.43 kN. Assume missing data suitably.
[Ans: 7357.58 N/m3 ,750kg/m3, 1.33X10 m3 / kg ,0.75]
Q8: A vertical cylinder 300mm in diameter is fitted at the top with a tight but frictionless piston as shown in
fig3 and filled with water at 70 0C. The outer portion of the piston is exposed to atmospheric pressure of 101.3
kPa. Calculate the minimum force applied on the piston that will cause water to boil at 700 C. Take Vapour
pressure of water at 70 0 C as 32k Pa. [ F = 4.9 kN]

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 fig3 fig4

fig5 fig6
Q9:-Two large surfaces are 2.5 cm apart as shown in fig.4. This space is filled with glycerin of absolute
viscosity 0.82 Ns/m2. Find what force is required to drag a plate of area 0.5m2 between the two surfaces at a
speed of 0.6m/s. (i) When the plate is equidistant from the surfaces, (ii) when the plate is at 1cm from one of the
surfaces.
[F= 39.36N, F = 41N]
Q10:-What is the pressure inside the droplet of water 0.05mm in diameter at 200 C, if the pressure outside the
droplet is 103 kPa Take = 0.0736 N/m at 200 C . [ P=108.88kPa(g)]

Q11:-A glass tube 0.25mm in diameter contains Hg column with air above it. If = 0.51N/m, what will be the
capillary depression? Take = - 400 or 140 0. [h= -46.851mm]

Q12 -The dam in Fig.5 is a quarter circle 40 m wide into the paper. Determine the horizontal and vertical
components of hydrostatic force against the dam and the point CP where the resultant strikes the dam.
[FH=63439kN,FV=99650kN, θ=57.5 (7.64m, 6m)]
Q13- Gate AB as shown in fig.6 is 4.8m long and 2.4m wide. Neglecting the weight of the gate, compute the
water level h for which the gate will start to fall. [h = 1.66m]

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 Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad
Mech. Engg. & Prod. and Industrial Engg. (4th Semester). Even Semester (2016-17)
Fluid Mechanics (AM1401) Tutorial Sheet-2.

Q1-A flow field is given by = −

1) Find the equation of streamline passing through origin.
2) Is the fluid is incompressible?
3) Find expression for stream function, angular velocity and vorticity.
4) Find the circulation around the square enclosed by the line = ±1 and = ±1.
[xy=0, yes, ψ= -x2y2/2, =-(x2+y2)/2 , =-(x2+y2) , = / ]

Q2:-The y component of velocity in a steady, incompressible flow field in the xy plane is v=5Axy(x2- y2),
whereA=3m-3s-1and x & y are measured in meters.Find the simplest x component of velocity for this flow field.
( , )= −

Q3:-The x component of velocity in a steady, incompressible flow field in the xy plane is u=A(x5-10x3y2
+5xy4),where A=2m-4s-1 and x is measured in meters. Find the simplest y component of velocity for this flow
field. Evaluate the acceleration of a fluid particle at point (x, y) =(1, 3). Ans.[ ( , ) = − −
4 2 4 2 4 2
+ ), ax = 1.25 x 10 m/s , ay = 3.75 x 10 m/s , a = 3.95 x 10 m/s ]

Q4:-Consider the flow field represented by the stream function ψ= x6-15x4y2+15x2y4-y6.Is this a possible two
dimensional, incompressible flow? Is the flow irrotational?

Q5:-A Venturi meter equipped with a differential pressure gage (as shown in fig1) is used to measure the flow
rate of water at 15°C (ρ= 999.1 kg/m3) through a 5-cm-diameter horizontal pipe. The diameter of the Venturi
neck is 3 cm, and the measured pressure drop is 5 kPa. Taking the discharge coefficient to be 0.98, determine
the volume flow rate of water and the average velocity through the pipe.
[ Answers: 2.35 L/s and 1.20 m/s]
Q6:-A vertical Venturi meter equipped with a differential pressure gage(ΔP=7 kPa) shown in Fig.2 is used to
measure the flow rate of liquid propane at 10°C (ρ= 514.7 kg/m3) through an 8-cm-diameter vertical pipe. For a
discharge coefficient of 0.98, determine the volume flow rate of propane through the pipe.
[ 0.0109m3/s]
Q7:-A Pitot-static probe connected to a water manometer is used to measure the velocity of air as shown in fig3.
If the deflection (the vertical distance between the fluid levels in the two arms) is 7.3 cm, determine the air
velocity. Take the density of air to be 1.25 kg/m3.

Q8:-A uniform water stream, U∞20 m/s and ρ998 kg/m3, combines with a source at the origin to form a
half-body. At (x, y) (0, 1.2 m), the pressure is 12.5 kPa less than P∞ .
(a) Is this point outside the body? Estimate (b) the appropriate source strength m and
(c) the pressure at the nose of the body. [m=6m2/s, P= P∞+200kPa]

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 fig1 fig2

Fig.3 Fig.4

Q9:-Water is flowing into and discharging from a pipe U-section as shown in Fig.6. At flange (1), the total
absolute pressure is 200 kPa, and 30 kg/s flows into the pipe. At flange (2), the total pressure is 150 kPa. At
location (3), 8 kg/s of water discharges to the atmosphere, which is at 100 kPa. Determine the total x- and z-
forces at the two flanges connecting the pipe. Discuss the significance of gravity force for this problem. Take
the momentum-flux correction factorto be 1.03.
[ Fx= −733N, Fz=93.1N]

Q10:-An incompressible fluid of density ρ and viscosity μ flows at average speed V through a long, horizontal
section of round pipe of length L, inner diameter D, and inner wall roughness height ε. The pipe is long enough
that the flow is fully developed, meaning that the velocity profile does not change down the pipe. Pressure
decreases (linearly) down the pipe in order to “push” the fluid through the pipe to overcome friction. Using the
method of repeating variables, develop a nondimensional relationship between pressure drop ΔP= P1-P2 and the
other parameters in the problem. Be sure to modify your π groups as necessary to achieve established
nondimensional parameters, and name them. (Hint: For consistency, choose D rather than L or , ε as one of your
repeating parameters.) Answer: Eu = f (Re, ε/D, L/D)
Q11:- Calculate the flow rate of water through a 12 cm pipe with an orifice of 6 cm as restriction. The orifice is
arranged for flange taps and a mercury manometer reads 30 cm Hg at 270 C. The temperature of flowing water
is 330 C. Assume µ = 0.00052units. [Q = 0.0148 m3 /s]

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