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APPARATUS REQUIRE
1. Experimental Kits
2. CRO
3. Connecting leads
Theory
In electronics, a diode is a two-terminal component, almost one that has electrical
properties which vary depending on the direction of flow of charge carriers through it
(this directionality is sometimes generically called the rectifying property).The most
common function of a diode is to allow an electric current to flow in one direction
(called the forward biased condition) but to block it in the opposite direction (the
reverse biased condition).Thus, the diode can be thought of as an electronic version of a
check valve. Real diodes do not display such a perfect on-off directionally but usually
have complicated and non-linear electrical characteristics, which depends on the
particular type of diode technology. Diodes also have many other functions in which
they are not designed to operate in this on-off manner.
Early diodes included “cat’s whisker” crystals and vacuum tube device is called
thermionic valves in British English). Today the most common diodes are made from
semiconductor materials such as silicon or germanium.
D 1
0 -9 V
1 3
AC 230V
P r im a r y R L
FR EQ = 50H z 2 4 1k
Procedure (a)
i. Make connections for half wave rectifier as shown in figure.
ii. Observe the input wave from on oscilloscope
(Transformer Secondary Voltage i.e 9-0-9 Volt)
iii. Observe the output wave form on oscilloscope.
iv. Measure the DC voltage VDC across the load.
v. Draw output waveform.
vi. Measure r.m.s. value of output voltage.
vii. Ripple factor γ = √ (V2rms /V2DC) -1
Full Wave Rectifier with center tapped transformer
9 -0 -9 V D 1
1 5
AC 230V 6
P r im a r y
F R EQ = 50H z 4 8 R L
1k
D 2
b r id g e r e c t i f e r
T R N S F M R 0 -9 V
2
T4
1 5
- +
4 1
AC 230V
4 8
FR EQ = 50H z
RL
3
1k
Filter Circuit
Capacitor `input Filter
220M F D
L o a d R e s is t o r out put
C 1 1k
Inductor Filter
L1
f ilt e r in d u c t o r L o a d R e s is t o r
1k
out
put
II TYPE FILTER
L1
F ilt e r I n d u c t o r
C1 L o a d R e s is t o r
C2
IN P U T 200m fd O UTPUT
220m fd 1k
RC Filter
1k
C1 L o a d R e s is t o r
IN P U T 200m fd
C2
O UTPUT
220m fd 1k