‫) ﻛﺎﻧﺎل ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ در ﺗﻠﮕﺮام (‬

‫ﻟﻴﻨﻚ ﻋﻀﻮﻳﺖ ‪:‬‬

‫‪https://telegram.me/Mechanical_Eng‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
 C t l chain
Control h i

power control section

load

Signal control section

Transformer
T f station
t ti
( actuator )
Control or regulating pulse -
:
Mechanically
manually Control & regulating
electrically interface station : pneumatic
electronically valves
pneumatically
hydraulically
hybrid

Power generating station

©FESTO DIDACTIC – Training & Consulting No. 2/51

PRESENTATION
• 1-Pressure
1 Pressure Relif Valve ‫ﻓﺸﺎر‬
‫ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻓﺸﺎ‬
‫ﺷﯿﺮﻫﺎی ﻣﺤﺪود ﮐﻨﻨ‬
‫ﺷ ﺎ‬
• Pressure Relif Valve
• Pilot Pressure Reliff Valve

T
 ‫ﭘﯿﻠﻮﺗﯽ‬
‫رﻟﯿﻒ ﻫﺎی ﭘ ﻠﻮﺗ‬
‫ﻟﻒ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﯿﻢ و ﭘﻤﭗ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ارا ﺟﻬﺖ‬ ‫داﺷﺘﻪ ﺎﺷ‬
‫ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﻪ دﺑﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮی اﺷ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﯾﯽ ﺎ‬ ‫اﮔﺮ در ﺎ‬
‫اﮔ‬
‫ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ دﺑﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ ﻧﻤﻮدﯾﻢ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮای اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ازﺷﯿﺮﻫﺎی اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن‬
‫اﮔﺮ‬
‫زﯾﺮا اﮔ‬
‫دﻫﯿﻢ ‪ ،‬ز ا‬
‫ﺶ دﻫ‬
‫اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ‬
‫ﻒ راا اﻓﺰا‬
‫ورودی ﻟرﻟﯿﻒ‬
‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ دی‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﻘﻄ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﻄ‬‫)‪ ، (Relief‬ﺎ ﺪ‬
‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﺑﺪ ‪ ،‬ﻋﺪد رﯾﻨﻮﻟﺪز ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﮐﺮده و ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﻣﻐﺸﻮش ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ﭼﻪ دﺑﯽ‬
‫ﺑﯽ‬ ‫ل ﻫﺮﺮ ﭼ‬
‫ﯿﻢ ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎل‬
‫ﻮی ﺗﺮﺮ ﮐﻨﯿﻢ‬
‫ﯿﻒ را ﻗﻮی‬
‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮد درر ررﻟﯿﻒ‬
‫ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﻓﻨﺮﺮ ﻮﺟﻮ‬‫ﯿﻦ ﺑ ﯾ‬
‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ‬
‫ﻤﭽ‬
‫اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﺑﺪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ورودی ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ و ﻓﻨﺮ رﻟﯿﻒ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﻗﻮی ﺗﺮ‬
‫ﺷﻮد و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ Setting -1‬رﻟﯿﻒ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد‪.‬‬
‫ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ی ﻮ‬ ‫زﯾﺎدی‬
‫‪ -2‬وزن زﯾ‬
‫‪ -3‬ﻣﺤﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ زﯾﺎدی ﻧﯿﺎز دارد‪.‬‬
‫دارد‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ دا د‬
‫‪ -4‬ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﯾ‬
 ‫ﭘﯿﻠﻮﺗﯽ‬
‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی ﭘﯿ ﻮ‬
‫رﻟﯿﻒ ی‬
‫رﯿ‬
‫‪P‬‬

‫‪T‬‬ ‫‪T‬‬ ‫‪ -1‬رﻟﯿﻒ ﭘﯿﻠﻮﺗﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺨﻠﯿﻪ داﺧﻠﯽ‬

‫‪ -2‬رﻟﯿﻒ ﭘﯿﻠﻮﺗﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺨﻠﯿﻪ ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ‬

‫‪1- PILOT OPERATED PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE WITH INTERNAL DRAIN‬‬

‫‪2- PILOT OPERATED PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE WITH EXTERNAL DRAIN‬‬

‫زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ دﺑﯽ ﯾﺎ ﺷﺪت ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﺳﯿﺎل از ‪ 75 GPM‬ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ از رﻟﯿﻒ ﻫﺎی ﭘﯿﻠﻮﺗﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد‪.‬‬
©FESTO DIDACTIC – Training & Consulting No. 1/18
Pre-fill valves presentation
Pilot operated pressure relief
valve
Loading
spring

Adjusting
Screw

Control
piston

Control
orifice
Pilot operated pressure relief
valve

Pressure builds
Pilot operated pressure relief
valve

Pressure builds

Pilot stage opens and oil

flows to tank
Pilot operated pressure relief
valve

Pressure builds

Pilot stage opens and oil

flows to tank

The flow of oil through

the control orifice
creates a pressure
difference across the
piston
Pilot operated pressure relief
valve

Pressure builds

Pilot stage opens and oil

flows to tank

The flow of oil through

the control orifice creates
a pressure difference
across the piston

This pressure
difference lifts the
piston and
opens
p the
flow path
to tank.
Pilot operated pressure relief
valve

Pressure builds

Pilot stage opens and oil

flows to tank

The flow of oil through the

control orifice creates a pressu
difference across the piston

This pressure difference lifts

the piston and
opens the
flow path
to tank.
tank
Pilot operated pressure relief
valve

Pressure reduces and

valve resets
Pilot operated pressure relief
valve

Pressure reduces and

valve resets
 Pilot operated pressure relief
valve operating curve

P
Full flow
pressure
Cracking Over
pressure ride

Q
 ‫ﺷﯿﺮ ﻣﺤﺪود ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻓﺸﺎر‬
‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدد ﺷﯿ‬
‫ﻣﻮارد ﮐﺎرﺑ‬
‫‪Safety Valve‬‬ ‫• ﺷﯿﺮ اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن‬
‫ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ی‬
‫ﮐﺎری‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪه و‬
‫ﭘﻤﭗ ﺐ‬ ‫ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ ﭘ ﭗ‬
‫ﺷﯿﺮ ﻣﺤﺪود ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻓﺸﺎر در ﺮ ﺟﯽ‬
‫ﺷﮑﻦ ﺮ‬
‫ﺷﯿﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺮ‬
‫ﯽ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﭘﻤﭗ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ آآن ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﻣﯿﺸﻮد ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﺶ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از ﭘﻤﭗ را داﺷﺘﻪ و ﻧﺎم ﺷﯿﺮ اﯾﻤﻨﯽ را ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﺷﯿﺮ اﯾﻤﻨﯽ‬
‫ﻓﻘﻂ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ اﺿﻄﺮاری ﺑﺎز ﻣﯿﺸﻮد‪.‬‬

‫) ‪(Counter – Pressure Valve‬‬ ‫• ﺷﯿﺮ ﺿﺪ ﺷﺘﺎب ﯾﺎ ﺧﻨﺜﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه اﯾﻨﺮﺳﯽ‬

‫در دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ ﭘﺮس ﻫﺎ اﻟﺰاﻣﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ وزن ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻫﺎی ﻣﺘﺤﺮک ﭘﺮس ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺧﻨﺜﯽ ﺷﻮد ﺗﺎ از ﺷﺘﺎب‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ‬
‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﻦ ﺮ‬ ‫ﻦ در ﻣﺴﯿﺮﺮ روﻏﻦ‬
‫ﺷﯿﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺷﮑﻦ‬
‫ﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ‪ ،‬ﯾﮏ ﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای اﯾﻦ‬
‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮی ﺷﻮد‪ .‬ﺮ‬
‫ﺮ‬ ‫زﻣﯿﻦ‬
‫ﻦ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮﺮ اﺛﺮﺮ ﺟﺎذﺑﻪ ﻦ‬
‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬
‫ﺮ‬
‫ﻣﯿﮕﯿﺮد ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﻗﺮار ﮐﺮدن ﻓﺸﺎر در زﯾﺮ ﭘﯿﺴﺘﻮن اﯾﻦ ﺳﯿﻠﻨﺪرﻫﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻧﯿﺮوی ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺧﻨﺜﯽ‬
‫از ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﺳﯿﻠﻨﺪرﻫﺎ ﻗﺮار ﮕ‬
‫ﺳﺎزی ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﮔﺮدد‬

‫) ‪(Brake Valve‬‬ ‫• ﺷﯿﺮ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ‬

‫اﯾﻦ ﺷﯿﺮ از ﺑﺮﻗﺮاری ﻓﺸﺎر ﻟﺤﻈﻪ ای ﺑﺎﻻ ) ‪ ( Peak Pressure‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ اﯾﻨﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﺎر روی ﻋﻤﻞ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮی ﯿ‬
‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟ ﻮ ﯿﺮی‬
‫ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺟﻬ‬
‫ﺷﯿﺮ ﺮ‬‫ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﯿﺮ‬
‫ﻫﻨﮕﺎم ﺑﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﺪن ﻬ ﯽ‬
‫م‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺑﻪ‬
‫ﯿ ﻢ‬
‫) ‪(Sequence Valve or Pressure Sequence Valve‬‬ ‫• ﺷﯿﺮ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻓﺸﺎر‬
‫اﯾﻦ ﺷﯿﺮ ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﺳﯿﺎل را ﺑﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ دﯾﮕﺮی از ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺎز ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﺮوط ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮ روی ﺷﯿﺮ ﭘﻠﻪ ای)ﺷﯿﺮ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺮﺳﺪ‪.‬‬
Pilot operated PRV with pilot stage
Pilot operated pressure relief
valve with pilot stage
‫ﺳﺌﻮال ‪ :‬ﻣﺪاری ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﮐﻨﻴﺪ ‪EUV‬دو ﻓﺸﺎر‪۶٠ Bar‬و ‪١٢٠‬را در ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ایﺠﺎد ﻥﻤﺎیﺪ‬
‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﮐﻨﻴﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺪارﺝﮑﯽ را ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺳﻪ ﻓﺸﺎرﻩ و یﮏ ﺧﻂ ‪by pass‬ﻃﺮاﺣ‬
‫ﻣﺪارﺝﮑ‬
COUNTER BALANCE VALVE
(COUNTER PRESSURE VALVE)
Over center valve
 ‫‪Pressure remote valve‬‬

‫‪ 100‬ﺎﺑﺎر ﻧﻧﺮﺳﺪ ﺧﻂ‬

‫ﻣﺜﻼ ‪1‬‬
‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﺜﻼ‬
‫ﯾﮏ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺸﺎ‬
‫زﻣﺎﻧﯿﮑﻪ ﺧﻂ ﮏ‬
‫ااﯾﻦ ﺷﺷﯿﺮ ﺗﺎ ﺎﻧ ﮑ‬
‫دو را ﺑﺎز ﻧﻤﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ و ﺑﺎ وﺻﻞ ﺧﻂ ‪x‬ﺑﻪ ﺧﻂ ‪ 2‬اﯾﻦ ﺷﯿﺮ ﺷﺒﯿﻪ‬
‫رﻟﯿﻒ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﯽ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ‬
‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺎ ﻓﺸﺎرر ‪10‬ﺑﺑﺎرر ‪200 lit/min‬و ازز ﻓﺸﺎرر‬
‫ﯽ ﯿ‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬
‫ﯽ ﺮ‬‫ﻗﺪرﺗﯽ‬
‫ل ‪ :‬ﻣﺪارر ر‬
‫ﺳﺌﻮال‬
‫ﻮ‬ ‫•‬
‫‪10‬ﺑﺎر ﺗﺎ ‪200‬ﺑﺎر ﺑﺎ دﺑﯽ ‪10 lit/min‬دﺑﯽ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ‬

‫در ﯾﮏ ﭘﺮس ﺳﻪ ﺣﺮﮐﺖ دارﯾﻢ و در ﺣﺮﮐﺘﻬﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻓﺸﺎرﻫﺎ و دﺑﯽ ﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ دارﯾﻢ ﻣﺪار آﻧﺮا ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺕﻤﺮیﻦ‪ :‬ﻣﺪار یﮏ هﻴﺪرو ﻣﻮﺕﻮر را ﻃﻮری ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﮐﻨﻴﺪ ﮐﻪ یﮏ ‪FLY WHEEL‬را‬
‫ﭼﭗ ﮔﺮد وراﺳﺖ ﮔﺮد ﺑﭽﺮﺧﺎﻥﺪ و در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ‪STOP‬ﻥﻴﺰ در یﮏ ﻥﻘﻄﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﺳﺘﺪ‬

‫) ‪Brake valve ( anti shock valve‬‬

 ‫زﯾﺮ در ﻣﻣﯽ آﯾﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺪارﻗﺒﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﻞ زﯾ‬
‫ﮐﻨﯿﻢ ﻣﺪارﻗ ﻞ‬
‫ﺑﺨﻮاﻫﯿﻢ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﻨ ﻢ‬
‫رﻟﯿﻒ ﺑﺨﻮاﻫ ﻢ‬
‫اﮔﺮ از ﯾﮏ رﻟ ﻒ‬
‫ﺣﺎل اﮔ‬

‫) ‪Brake valve ( anti shock valve‬‬

• Sequence
• Position dependent
• Time dependent
• Pressure dependent
‫ﺣﺎل ﻣﺪار ﻗﺒﻞ را ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ‪ A+B+A-B-‬ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬