1 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far

2 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far

 Table of Content
The Tajweed Rules of Abi Ja˘far…………………………………4
1.The Basmalah between two sūrahs…..………...…....……...…..5
2-Sūratul-Fātiḥah..…………………….……..………...... .…….5
3. Al-Madd Al-Far˘ī……...……………………...…….....……..…6
4. Ŝilat Mīm Al-Jam˘ ………………………….. ……..…….........7
5. The Rules of A sigle hamzah in a word……………………...…8
6. Hā-al-Kināyah……..…..……………………..…………......…13
7. Two hamzahs that appear in one word…..………........………14
8. Repetitive Istifhām Mukarar……………………………..……16
9. Two hamzahs that appear in two separate words..……… ……17
(A) The 2 hamzahs agree in their ḥarakāt…………………..……17
(B) The 2 hamzahs differ in their ḥarakāt………………………..17
10. Iṫĥhār, (Clarity) and Idghām..…..…..……..……......………..19
11. Abū Ja˘far’s special words (Farsh)……………….....……….20
12. Yā-āt Al-Iḍāfah……………………………….……..…...…..22
13. Yā-āt az-Zawā-id……...………..……………………………22
14. References……………………………………………………24

3 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far

 The Tajweed Rules of Abi Ja˘far
8) Abū Ja˘far Al-Madanī (Yazīd ibn al-Qa˘qā˘ al-Makhzūmī) is
among the successors. He was brought to Umm Salamah (the wife
of the prophet ‫ )ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص‬as a baby. She wiped his head and prayed for
him. He is one of the teachers of Imām Nāfi˘, and learned the Qur-
ān from ˘Abdullāh ibn ˘Ayyāsh, ˘Abdullāh ibn ˘Abbās, Abi
Hurayrah and narrated their Ahādīth. He would fast every other
day, pray 4 raka˘āt tahajjud, and pray for all muslims, including
every one who recited his qirā-ah before and after him. Nāfi˘ said
that when they washed Aba Ja˘far (who passed away in 130 A.H)
they saw a white light between his neck and chest that looked like
a page of the Muṣḥaf. May Allāh ‫ سُبحُانُه‬shower him with mercy.
His 2 students who preserved his qirā-ah were: ˘Isa ibn Wardān (d.
160 A.H.) and Sulaymān ibn Muslim ibn Jammāz (d. 170 A.H.).

Ibn Al-Jazarī clarified 3 Qurrā’ in his poem, Ad-Durrah, which is

complementary to Ash-Shāṭibiyyah’s poem of 7 Qurrā’. Ibn Al-
Jazarī gives Abā Ja˘far the same code letters that Ash-Shāṭibī gives
to Nāfi˘ (Abj, ‫ )أبج‬on the basis that Nāfi˘ is considered the aṣl (root,
reference) of Abi Ja˘far. The code letters are: (‫ )أ‬for Abi Ja˘far, (‫)ب‬
for ˘Isa ibn Wardān, and (‫ )ج‬for Sulaymān ibn Jammāz. These
codes are written in red. So, In the Durrah, Ibn al-Jazarī only
mentions how Abu Ja˘far differs from ash-Shāṭibiyyah in his aṣl.
Proofs will be given in blue text and taken from both Ash-
Shāṭibiyyah and Ad-Durrah.

ْ ْ ْ ْ ُّ ‫ُور ْمزهمُث َّم‬-8

ُْ ‫ُالرواة ُِكأصل‬
ُ‫ِهمُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُ ُُُُُُُُ***ُُُُُُُُفإِنُخالفواُأذك ْرُِإَوالُفأه ِمل‬

4 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far

 1. THE BASMALAH BETWEEN TWO SŪRAHS

Abū Ja˘far only uses basmalah between any 2 sūrahs when he

connects recitation from the end of one sūrah to the following
sūrah, except sūrat At-Tawbah, which doesn’t start with basmalah.
ْ ُّ ْ ْ
.ُ‫ْيُأُُئ ِ َُّمة‬
ِ ‫ُوبسملُبْيُالسورت‬-ُ01ُ
The alif in the verse is a letter code that indicates he uses basmalahُ
ُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُ

2. Sūrat Al-Fātiḥah
Unlike Ḥafṣ, Abū Ja˘far doesn’t count the basmalah as the first
‫ح‬ َّ ‫ح ح‬
āyah of al-Fātiḥah, ratherُ١ُ‫بُٱلعَٰل ِمْي‬ ِ ‫ُِر‬ ‫ُّلِل‬
ِ ‫ ٱۡلمد‬is counted as the first
āyah. For this reason, the last āyah is split into two parts:ُ
َّ ‫ح ح ح‬ َّ
‫ُٱَّلِينُأ حنع حمتُعل حيه ح‬
ُُُُ٧ُ)ُ‫وبُعل حي ِهمُوُوالُٱلضٓال ِْي‬
ِ ‫ض‬‫غ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ُٱل‬‫ۡي‬
ِ ‫غ‬ (ُ and ُ٦ ُ)ُ
‫م‬ ِ ‫صرَٰط‬
ِ (.
He also reads āyah 4 without an alif in ٤ُُ‫ِكُي حو ِمُٱلِين‬ ِ ‫مل‬.

‫ومال ِِكُي ْو ُِمُالِينُرُاويهُِنُا ِ ر‬-808

ُ‫ص‬
Imām Ash-Shāṭibī states: *** ِ ِ
ْ ‫ وُمال ِكُح ْزُف ْزُوالّصاطُف ِه‬-80ُ
ُ‫ُاسجل‬ ِ ِ

5 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far

 3- Al-Madd Ul-Far˘ī, ELONGATION

Abū Ja˘far reads al-madd al-munfaṣṣil with qaṣr, 2 ḥarakāt, and he

reads al-madd al-muttaṣṣil in tawassuṭ, 4 ḥarakāt.
ٓ ٓ ‫ح‬ َّ ْ َّ ْ َّ
ُُُ‫وُُشُُاء‬-ُ‫س ٓوء‬-‫زؤُهُ ُْم‬ ُ -‫ ُي َٰأ ُّيها‬-ُ‫ ُي َٰأهل‬-‫ن‬
َٰٓ ‫ ج‬/ُُِ‫هَٰؤالء‬ ُ ِ ‫أالُإ‬-‫فتوَّكواُإِن‬-ُ‫وأ حمرهۥُإِل‬-‫ُيفُأمِها‬
ُ ِ ‫قالواُإ‬-‫ن‬
ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ
ُ‫صل‬ ِ ‫نُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُ***ُُُُُُُُأُالُح ُْزُوبعدُاله ْم ِزُوالل ِْيُأ‬ ُ ‫ُوم َّدهمُوس ِْطُوماُانفصلُاقّص‬-22

Note: The madd munfaṣṣil can be one of three categories:

1- hamzah follows the letter of madd in 2 separate words, ‫يفُأمِهاا‬ ُ ِ ُ.
2- Hamzah follows mīm ul-jam˘ in 2 separate words, ‫ل‬َُٰ ِ ‫ُإ‬,ُ‫ وهاديح َٰهم‬.
3- Hamzah follows the alif of the word ‫ أُنُا‬in 2 separate words.ُ
َّ ‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ َّ ‫ح‬ ‫ح‬
])‫وُأنُاُُر ُّبك حُم‬-‫ِير‬
ُ‫الُنذ ر‬
ُ ِ ‫علمُُ[(إِنُأنُاُُإ‬ ُ ُ‫أنا أ‬-ُ‫أنا أُ ُقل‬-ُ‫وأنا أ َّولُٱلم حسل ِ ِمْي‬-ُ‫ۡحۦُوأمِيت‬
ُ ‫وأناُأ‬-ُ‫كث‬ ِ ‫أنا أ‬
‫ح‬
‫ُو ح‬,ُ‫ِإَوخ ُو َٰن ِ ُهم‬ َّ ٓ ‫ح‬
.ُ‫صرَٰطُُ ُّم حستقِيم‬ َُٰ ِ ‫ُإ‬,ُ‫ُوهديح َٰهُم‬,ُ‫ٱجتب حي َٰهُم‬
ِ ُ‫ل‬ ِ ُ, ‫م‬
ُ ُ
‫ه‬ ِ
ِ ِ ‫ت‬َٰ ‫ي‬ ‫ر‬‫ذ‬
ُ ‫و‬ُ,‫م‬
ُ ُ
‫ه‬
ِ ِ ‫ومِنُءابا‬
‫ئ‬

if hamzatul qaṭ˘ follows mīm ul-jam˘, he lengthens the wāw to 2

ḥarakāt )qaṣr( according to the length of al-madd al-munfaṣṣil.
ْ
ْ ‫اْللْفُيفُالْك‬ ْ ْ ْ
ُ‫ُبل‬‫ْس‬
ِ ِ ‫ُو‬‫َت‬ ‫أ‬
ُ ُ‫ح‬ٍ ‫ت‬ ‫ف‬‫و‬ُُُُُُ*** ُُُُُُُُُُُ ُ‫ة‬ٍ ‫ز‬‫م‬ْ ‫صلُم ْعُضمُه‬
ِ ُ‫ُوم ُّدُأناُيفُالو‬-ُ120
Nāfi˘ elongates the alif of “‫ ”أُناا‬in a continuous reading if it is
followed by a hamzat qaṭ˘ maftūḥah or maḍmūmah. Abū Ja˘far
pronounces the alif and elongates it as a madd munfaṣṣil, (i. e., he
lengthens it into two ḥarakāt), waṣlan. If “‫ ”أُناا‬precedes a hamzat
qaṭ˘ maksūrah, then he drops its alif. Similarly, if any letter other
than the hamzah comes after ‘‫’أُنُا‬, then he drops this alif. This is the
َّ
ُ‫إنمُاُأناُلُكُ ُْمُنذ ر‬
same in Ḥafṣ’s recitation: (‫ِير‬ ُ ).

6 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far

 4. ŜILAH OF MĪM UL-JAM˘

Abū Ja˘far reads mīm al-jam˘ according to the letter, either a sākin
or a mutaḥarrik that follows it, such as in the following.

A. If mīm ul-jam˘ is followed by a sākin letter (due to the rule of

preventing the meeting of two sākin letters), then he reads the mīm
with a ḍammah ˘āriḍah without lengthening it like other reciters.
‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ح ح‬ ْ
ُ‫ِك** م حِنهُمُ ُ ُٱلمؤمِنون ُوأكثهُمُ ُٱلفَٰسِقون‬ ْ
ِ ‫ون ُوص ٍل ُض َّمهاُقبل ُسا‬
ٍُ ‫ك ٍن ُل‬ ْ
ِ ‫ ومِن ُد‬-001
ْ ْ ‫ُاْل ْسبابُث َّمُعليْهمُالْقتالُُُُُُُُُُُُ***ُُُُُُُُُُوق ِْفُل ِلْكُبالْك‬ ْ
ُ‫ْسُمك ِمل‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ُكماُب ِ ِهم‬-ُ001
B. Abū Ja˘far has only one way of reading mīm ul-jam˘ that
precedes a mutaḥarrik letter (in a continuous reading) with a ṣilah:
‫ْ ر‬ ْ ْ
i.e., he connects a wāw of 2 ḥarakāt. ‫ل‬ ُ ‫صلُض َّمُمِي ِمُاْل ْمعِ ُأص‬ ِ ‫ُو‬-01
)‫ُلَعُمُاُأُصابه حُم‬
َّ
َٰ ‫ٱلص َٰ ِِبين‬ ‫و‬ ُ ‫م‬
ُ ‫ه‬
ُ ‫وب‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ُق‬‫ت‬‫وا ْ) (وجل ح‬ َّ
ُ ‫َُكن‬,ُ‫ُإِنهُم‬,ُ‫ُر ُّبهُم‬,ُ‫خذِينُمُاُءُاتىَٰهُم‬ ِ ‫(ءا‬ ُ
ِ , ِ

To listen to Abū Ja˘far’s recitation, please visit the following link:

https://archive.org/details/Ibn_Nouh_3_uP_bY_mUSLEm

In the link, Abū Ja˘far’s Muṣḥaf is the 9th one on the left hand
side (purple).

http://www.alwa7y.com/downloads/

7 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far

 5. Rules of a Single Hamzah in a word

The qurrā` allow changes to be made in hamzah to ease the

pronunciation. Abū Ja˘far reads some hamzahs with tas-hīl (ease),
ْ
ibdāl (turning), naql (transferring) and ḥadthf: (‫( )حا ُذف‬deleting).
Abū Ja˘far also adds hamzahs to other words, contrary to Ḥafṣ.

I. Abū Ja˘far adds a hamzah )‫كفاؤُا‬-‫هازؤُا‬-ُ‫ (رُبئات‬and a hamzah with

ٓ ٓ ‫ح‬
madd muttaṣṣil inُ)ُ‫ُر َُّيااُء)( ِمُيكُئِال‬ ِ ‫ُك‬
‫;(ز‬ an interrogative hamzah: ‫ُم‬
‫ات‬‫ب‬‫۬اذه ح‬َُٰ‫أ‬
‫ح‬
(46: 20), ُ‫( أَُٰ۬انَُكن‬68: 14) ‫شا ِهُدُوا‬  and an interrogative hamzah with
ٓ
madd lāzim in ُ‫حر‬ ُ‫ء۬ال َّس ح‬-ُ‫حر‬ُ‫( ءال َّس ح‬10: 81).
ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ
ُُ‫اسألُمعُاذهبْت ِمُُإ ِذُحل‬ ‫ِبُأئ ِ َّنكُْلنتُأُدُُُُُُُُُُُُُ***ُ ُءأنَُكنُف ِدُو‬ ْ ‫ِبُط‬ْ ‫خ‬
ِ ُ‫ءُامُنتمُأ‬-22
ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ
ُُ‫ُوساكِنهوُح ِققُ ِِحاهُوأبْدِل ْنُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُ***ُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُإ ِذاُغۡيُأنبِئه ْمُونبِئهمُفل‬-22
ُُُ
II. He makes ibdāl of hamazāt with different ḥarakāt: mainly every
a) sākin hamzah [except 2 words (2: 33) ‫أۢنب ِ حئهم‬-‫( نُ ُب ِ حئهم‬15:51, 54:28)]
into a madd letter that matches the preceding letter’s ḥarakah, ex:
‫ح‬ ٓ ‫ح‬
ٍُ ‫تُبِق حرء‬
ُ:‫ان‬ ِ ‫جينُا) (الُي حرجونُل ِقاءنا ٱئ‬ُِ -ُ‫يُاك‬-‫ِن‬ُ‫ُمُوم ر‬.‫مُوصُدُ رُة‬-ُ‫يُاجُوجُُوُمُاجُوج‬-‫ٱ ُقرُا‬-‫(بُاس‬
َّ ‫ح‬ ٓ
ُ)ُ‫أ حُوت ِمن‬-ُ‫ٱَّليُٱ حُيت ِمن‬ ُ ِ ‫ ُف ِ حُرعونُُٱوت‬-‫إِلُٱلهدىُٱىتِنا‬-‫ت‬
ُِ ُ-‫يقولُٱوذن‬-‫يُاصُا ُل ِحُٱوُت ِنُا‬-‫ون‬ ُِ ‫ل ِقاءنا ٱى‬
ُ
b) a sākin/mutaḥarrik hamzah to yā, then makes idghām of it into
‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ُّ ح‬ ‫َّ ُّ ح‬ ٓ ِ َّ‫ٱلن‬.
the scond yā: ‫ُوُرُِي ِا‬:‫وُ ُرِ ُئيُا‬- ‫ُكه َّي ُِة‬:ُِ‫كهيُة‬-‫لر َُّيا‬
ُُّ ِ ‫ُل‬-‫ُٱ ُّلر َّيا‬:‫لر ُؤيُا‬
ُ ِ ‫ُل‬-‫ ُُّر ُؤيُا‬-‫ِس‬
ُ ِ ‫ُٱلن‬:ُ‫ِسء‬
ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ
ُ‫هُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُ***ُُُُُُُُُُُوأبْدِلُيؤيِدُجُدُوَنوُمؤ َّجل‬ ُ ِ ِ‫ُورِئياُفأدغ ِْمهوُكرؤياَُجِيع‬-22

8 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far

 ‫ح‬
‫‪.‬موُ َّجلُ‪-‬وُٱُلموُلف ُِة‪-‬موذِن ‪c) a hamzah maftūḥah after ḍamm to a wāw, ex.:‬‬
‫ٓ‬ ‫ٓ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ُ‪-‬مِائةُ‪ :‬مُِايُةُ‪ُ-‬ق ِرئُ‪ُ:‬ق ِرىُ‪ ُ-‬رِئاءُ‪ُ :‬رِيُاءُ ‪d)ُa hamzah maftūḥah after kasr to yā‬‬
‫ْي‪ُ-‬‬ ‫ئ‪َُ:‬لب ِط َُّ‬ ‫شئُةُ‪ُ:‬نُاشِيةُ‪َ-‬لب ِط َُّ‬ ‫ٱست حه ِزى‪-‬نُا ُِ‬‫ٱست حه ُزئُ‪ :‬ح‬
‫ِ‬
‫طيُ ُة‪ -‬ح‬
‫شان ِئكُ‪ُ:‬شان ِيُكُ‪-‬خاطِئُ ٍُة‪ُ:‬خا ُِ ٍ‬
‫ْي‪-‬لُبُ ُوِئُ َُّنهُ حُم‬ ‫سئُا‪ُِ ُ-‬مئُتُ ُِ‬
‫ْي‪ُ -‬ف ِئُة‪ُ -‬ف ِئُتُ ُِ‬ ‫ت‪ُ:‬م ُل ِيُ ح ُ‬
‫ت‪-‬خُا ُِ‬ ‫طيُاُ‪ /‬م حوطِئُاُ ‪ )ibdāl bikhulf:‬مل ِئ ح ُ‬ ‫‪(.‬م حُو ُِ‬
‫ت ‪(,‬سُالُ ‪e) a hamzah maftūḥah into an alif: (01:1‬‬ ‫ُ‪(.‬مُنسُاتُهُ)‪ُ12‬رافُةُ‪ -‬حُ‬
‫ٱمتُلُ ُِ‬
‫ْ‬
‫يُاست ْه ِزيُوناشِيةُرِياُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُ*ُ**ُُُُُُُُُنبوِيُيب ِطيُشان ِئكُخاسِئاُأُالُُُ‬ ‫‪-11‬كذاكُقر ْ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ ْ‬ ‫ْ ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ُيفُم ْوطِئاُُإ ِلُُُُ‬ ‫‪-10‬كذاُمل ِئتُواْلاطِئهُومِائهُف ِئهُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُ*** فأطل ِقُلهوُواْللف ِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َّ ْ‬
‫ءُِأبْدِلُلهوُواَّلِئبُأبْدِلُفيجملُُُ‬ ‫جدُبابُالُّبوءة ُِوالَّ ِِبُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُ***‬ ‫‪ِ-11‬لِ لُأُ ِ‬
‫ح‬ ‫ٓ‬ ‫ح‬ ‫َّ‬
‫ِب‪-‬وٱلُّب َّوةُ‪-‬ٱلَّب ِ ِيُنُ‪-‬ٱْلۢنبِياءُ‪-‬ٱَّلِئبُ ‪He makes ibdāl of‬‬ ‫ٱلَّ ِ ُُّ‬
‫ل ‪, but not:‬ونبِيُا‪ُ -‬‬ ‫ُ‪ِ.‬لِ ُ‬

‫‪III. Abū Ja˘far omits a hamzah maḍmūmah followed by a wāw:‬‬

‫‪1a- If it is preceded by a fatḥ, then the preceding letter doesn’t get‬‬
‫والُيطُونُ‪ُ:‬والُيطُ حونُُ‪ -‬لُ حُمُتطُوها‪ :‬لُ حُمُتطُ حُوهاُ‪ُ-‬أنُتطُوه حُم‪ :‬أنُتطُ حُوهُ حُم ‪a ḍammah:‬‬

‫‪1b- If the hamzah is preceded by a letter with a kasrah, then the‬‬

‫ُيض َٰ ِهُونُ‪ُ:‬يضَٰهونُ‪preceding letter gets the ḍammah of the hamzah: -‬‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َّ‬
‫ٱست حهزوُا‪-‬‬
‫ٱلصَٰبُونُ‪-‬فمالُُِونُ‪ُ:‬فُمُالُونُ‪-‬ت حست حهزُونُ‪-‬م حست حهزءونُ‪ُ:‬م حست حهزُونُ‪ -‬ح‬
‫ِ‬ ‫وٱلص َٰ ِبُونُ‪ُ:‬و‬
‫ْ‬ ‫وا ْ‪َِ ُ:‬ل حطُفُ ُ ْ ح‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َّ‬
‫واُُُ‬ ‫ۢنبُونكُ‪ُ:‬وي حستۢنبونكُ‪ُِ -‬‬
‫َلواطُُِ ُ‬ ‫وا‪-‬ويست ِ‬ ‫ون‪َِ -‬ل حط ِفُ ُ‬
‫ون‪ُ:‬أۢنب ِ ُ‬‫ۢنبُ ِ ُ‬
‫كُونُ‪ُ:‬متكُونُ‪-‬أ ِ‬ ‫مت ِ‬
‫َّ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫كئِيُأُ ْوالُُ‬‫يط ْوُمتكُخاطِْيُمت ِ‬ ‫‪-12‬ويحذِفُم ْست ْهزونُواْلابُمُ ْعُتط ْوُُُُُُُُ*** ُ‬
‫ْ َّ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْر‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ءانُادغ ِْمُكهيْئهُوالن ِِسءُوس ِهلُُُُ‬ ‫‪-11‬كم ْست ْه ِزئِيُمنشونُخلفُبُداُوج ْزُُُُُُُُ***‬

‫‪2-He omits hamzah maksūrah preceded by kasr and followed by yā‬‬

‫َّ‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ ‫َّ‬
‫كُِْيُ‪:‬‬ ‫ٱْلاطِْيُ‪ُ -‬ٱلم حست حه ِزئِْيُ‪ُ ُ :‬ٱلم حست حه ِزينُ‪ -‬م َّت ُِ‬
‫كْيُ‪-‬مت ِ‬ ‫اطُُِْيُ‪ُ :‬‬
‫ٱْل ِ‬
‫اب ِْيُ‪ُ -‬‬‫‪,‬وٱلص َٰ ِبُِْيُ‪ُ :‬وُٱ َّ ُ‬
‫لص ُ‬
‫‪.‬م َّتكُا‪ُ:‬م َّتكُ ‪3- He omits a hamzah maftūḥah in‬‬

‫‪9 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far‬‬

 He omits a hamzah in (ُ‫جز‬-‫ (ج ًّزا‬and reads the zā with a shaddah).
َّ ْ
4- He deletes the 1st hamzah of istifhām in: ُ‫قالواُإُِنكُُْلنتُيوسف‬.

ُُ‫ك ِنُف ِصل‬ َّ ْ ْ َّ ‫يفُالصابئْيُالْه ْمزُو‬

‫الصابِئونُُُُُُُُُُ***ُُُُُخذُوه ْزؤاُوكفؤا‬ َّ
ِ ‫ُيفُالسوا‬ ِِ ‫ُو‬-261

IV. He makes tas-hīl of a hamzah preceded by an alif and/or inserts

ْ
a 2 ḥarakāt alif in some words:-ُُ‫ ُفك‬.ُِ‫ءا‬-‫ُن ِكُم‬.‫ءا‬-‫أا۬انتُم‬،ُ‫أُرُ۬ايت‬-‫ُنُ ُب ِئُكُم‬.‫ءُا‬-

ُ ‫ءُ۬اَُُٰمُنتُ ُْم‬. For madd muttaṣṣil, he elongates the alif to 4 and 2

-‫هَٰا۬انت حُم‬

. .
ḥarakāt in these 2 words: ‫ فُكٓا ن‬:‫فكأيِن‬-ُ‫ُإ ِ حسرُ َٰٓ يل‬

ْ ْ َّ ْ ْ ‫أريْت‬-12
ُُ‫معُاللءُِهاُأنت ْمُوح ِققهماُحل‬ ***ُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُ‫ُِإَوْسائِيلَُكئ ِ ْنُوم َّدُأُد‬
َّ
Abū Ja˘far deletes the yā of ‫ٱل ُِاي‬ َُٰٓ in 3 sūrahs (33,58, 65) and reads
َّ
the word waṣlan with tas-hīl of the hamzah ۬‫ٱلاي‬ َُٰٓ . The alif before
the hamzah musahalah can be elongated to 4 and 2 ḥarakāt.
Waqfan: 1- ibdāl of the hamzah into yā, elongated to 6 ḥarakāt
َّ
madd lāzim, as the yā is sākin: ‫ٱلي‬ َُٰٓ . 2- tas-hīl of hamzah maksūrah
َّ َّ
َُٰٓ ُ ِ۬‫ٱل َٰي‬
with rawm ُِ۬‫ٱلي‬ ُ , elongating the alif to 4 and 2 ḥarakāt.
Rawm: (is a part of the kasrah) for a hamzah recited with tashīl.

V. Abū Ja˘far makes naql in some words: (transfers the ḥarakah of

the hamzah to the previous sākin letter and omits the hamzah).
‫ح‬ ‫ح‬
ُٓ ِ ُ‫ (فأ حرسِله ُم ِِع ُرِدءُا ُيصدِق‬29: 34, Abū Ja˘far reads
A. Ḥafṣ readsُُ)‫ن‬
(‫)رِدُا‬: waṣlan and waqfan with dāl maftūḥah, only, without tanwīn.
ُِ ‫( م حِن ُأ حج‬4: 32) Abū Ja˘far, alone, makes naql of the
B. ُ‫ل ُذَٰل ِك‬
hamzah’s kasrah to the sākin nūn (‫ل‬ ُِ ‫ِنُ حج‬ ُِ ‫ِنُإ ِ حج‬
ُِ ‫ُم‬:‫ل‬ ُ‫(م ح‬.

10 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far

ُُُ‫ْسَُكسِيهُِظلل‬ْ ‫ُوق ْلَُعداُاال ُْوَلُبإ ْسكنُال ِمهُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُِ***ُُُُُُُُُُُُوتنْوينهُِبالْك‬-ُ211
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ
‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ َّ
َُٰ ‫ (وأنه ٓۥ ُأهلك َُعدا ُٱْل‬Sūrat An-Najm.
c. This is how Ḥafṣ reads ٥٠ُ )‫وَل‬
ُّ
َُٰ ‫ُٱلو‬
Abū Ja˘far reads ‫َل‬ ُ ‫ َعدا‬by: 1- making idghām of the tanween
into the sākin lām, becoming lām mushaddad. 2- transferring the
ḍammah of the hamzah to the sākin lām, waṣlan. When stopping
on ‫ َعدا‬for a test, Abū Ja˘far has 1 ways to start the 2nd word:
‫ح‬
َُٰ ‫ُٱْل‬like
1- ‫وَل‬ َُٰ َُٰ ‫ ٱلُو‬with hamzat ulwaṣl pronounced maftūḥah,
Ḥafṣ, 2- ‫َل‬
َُٰ ‫ لُو‬without hamzat ulwaṣl, since
followed by lām maḍmūmah. 3- ‫َل‬
the lām acquired a ḥarakah.
ْ ْ ْ ْ َّ ْ
ُ‫والُنقلُإِالُاآلنُم ْعُيون ٍسُبُداُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُ***ُُُُُُُُورِدءاُوأبْدِلُأُ َّمُمِلءُُب ِهُِانقل‬-16
‫ح‬
D. )‫(ءٓا ُلَٰٔـن ُوق حُد‬: (10: 51, 91) it has hamzat istifhām. Abū Ja˘far and
the reciters read the 2nd hamzat ulwaṣl in 2 ways:
1- making ibdāl of hamzatul waṣl into a long alif, lengthening it to
‫ح‬
6 ḥarakāt as a madd lāzim, due to the sākin lām following it.ُ)ُ‫ٓالَٰٔـن‬
ُ ‫ُ(ء‬
‫ح‬
2- making tas-hīl of hamzat ulwaṣl: )ُ‫(ءُ۬ا ُلَٰٔـن‬. Nāfi˘ and Ibn Wardān
also make naql in conjunction with these 2 ways, transferring the
ٓ ‫ح‬
fatḥah of the third hamzat ulqaṭ˘ )ُ‫ُءُ۬ا ُل َٰن‬-ُ‫ ُءُا ُل َٰن‬:ُ‫ٓالَٰٔـن‬
ُ ‫ (ء‬to the sākin lām,
omitting the hamzah.
3- Now that the lām has acquired a fatḥah, it is required to make
ibdāl in qaṣr, shortening the changed hamzat ulwaṣl to 2 ḥarakāt.
Note: Ibn Wardān reads the hamzat ulwaṣl in 3 ways: ibdāl with 6
or 2 ḥarakāt, simultaneously with the naql, and tas-hīl of hamzat
ٓ
ulwaṣl in conjunction with naql. ُ‫ُءُ۬ا ُل َٰن‬-ُ‫ُءا ُل َٰن‬-ُ‫ءُا ُل َٰن‬.ُ

11 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far

 The Difference Between ˘Isa Ibn Wardān and
Sulaymān Ibn Jammāz

Ibn Wardān Ibn Jammāz Sūrah: āyah

‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ح‬
ُُ‫يست ِمعُِٱالُن‬-ُ‫فٱ ُل َٰن‬-ُ‫ءُ ُل َٰن‬-ُ‫يست ِمعِ ُٱٓأۡلنُ ٱ ُل َٰن‬-ُ‫فٱلَٰٔـن‬-ُ‫ٱلَٰٔـن‬-ُ‫أُ ُلَٰٔـن‬: 2: 71, 187- 4:19
72: 9
:ُNaql Like Ḥafṣ
ٓ ‫ح‬ ‫ح‬
ُ‫ُءُ۬ا ُل َٰن‬-ُ‫ءُُا ُل َٰن‬: Naql ُ ‫ءُ۬ا ُلَٰٔـ‬-‫ءٓا ُلَٰٔـنُوق حُد‬: Like Ḥafṣ
‫ن‬ 10: 51, 91
‫ح‬ ‫ح ح‬
ُ ِ ‫ ُِملُُٱْل‬:ُNaql
‫ۡرض‬ ُ‫ۡرض‬ ِ ‫مِلءُٱْل‬:ُLike Ḥafṣ 3: 91

ُ‫يؤيِد‬: Like Ḥafṣ ُ‫يُوُيِد‬: He makes ibdāl wāw 3: 13

‫ح‬ ‫ح‬
ُ ‫( َي ُِر‬yā maḍmūmah ,
‫ج‬ ُ‫َيرج‬: Like Ḥafṣ 7: 58
rā maksūrah) and
‫ح‬
ُ‫َيرج‬: Like Ḥafṣ
‫مومُنُا‬: mīm maftūḥah ‫مومِنُا‬: mīm maksūrah 4: 93

‫وي َّتقُِ حُه‬: with sukūn ‫وي َّتقُِ ُهِۦ‬: reads with ṣilah 24: 50

‫ي حرضُهۥ‬:ُread with ṣilah ُُ‫ض حُه‬ ُ ‫ي حُر‬: with sukūn 39: 7

ُِ‫ج ُه‬ ‫ح‬ ُِ ‫أ حُر‬: reads with ṣilah

ِ ‫أُر‬: with a kasrah ‫ج ُهِۦ‬ 27: 35- 7: 110

ُِ‫ت حرزقانِه‬: with a kasrah ‫ت حرزقان ِ ُهِۦ‬: reads with ṣilah 13: 37
‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ح‬
ُ‫ُٱلمنشون‬/ُ‫نشُون‬
ِ ‫ٱلم‬ ُ‫ٱلمنشون‬ 56: 72
‫ح‬
‫ُٱۡلا ٓ ِجُوعِمارةُٱلحم ح‬
ُ‫ُسُقاةُوعُمرة‬/ُ‫سِقايةُوعِمارة‬ ‫ج ُِد‬ِ ‫س‬ ُ ‫سِقاية‬ 9: 19

‫ح‬ ‫ح‬
‫ُفتغُ ُِرقكم‬/‫فتُغ ِرقكم‬ ‫ٱلر ُي َٰحِ ُفتُغ ِرقكم‬
ُِ 17: 69

َُٰ ُ‫تي‬
ُ‫لَع‬ ُ ‫ يَٰح ح‬/ُُ‫يَٰح حْستَٰي‬
َُٰٓ ‫ْس‬ َٰ ُُ‫يَٰح حْستَٰي‬
ُ‫لَع‬ 39: 53

12 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far

 ‫)‪6. HĀ-UL-KINĀYAH, THE PRONOUN (HA‬‬

‫ْ‬ ‫ْ ْ ْ ْ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ُونؤت ِهُوألقِهُٓالُوالقّصُِح ُ‬
‫ِل‬ ‫ك ْنُيؤ ِدُهُْم ْعُنو ِ ّْلُونص ُل ِ ِ ُ‬
‫هُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُ***‬ ‫‪-02‬وس ِ‬
‫‪The alif in the verse is a letter code that indicates Abū Ja˘far reads‬‬
‫‪some hā-ul-Kināyah with sukūn: (3:75,145)(42:20)(4:115)(28:28).‬‬
‫َّ‬ ‫ح ح ح‬
‫بُم حنُإِنُتُامنهُ بِقِنطَارٍ يُوُدُِ حُهُُإ ِ حَلكُُومِنهموُ َّم حنُإِنُتُامنهُ بِدِينَارٍ الُيُوُدُِ حُهُإِ حَلكُ‬
‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ح‬
‫‪ -0‬ومِنُأه ِلُٱلكِتَٰ ِ‬
‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ُّ ح‬ ‫ح‬
‫ُٱلنياُنُ حُوت حُِهُم حِنهاُومنُي ِردُثوابُٱٓأۡلخِرة ُِنُ حُوت حُِهُم حِنهاُ‪( ،‬ومنُي ِردُح حُرثُُ‬ ‫‪( -2‬ومنُي ِردُثواب‬
‫َّ‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ٱٓأۡلخِرة ُِنُ حُوت حُِهُم حِنهُاُ)‪( -1 ،‬ويتَّب حعُغ ح‬
‫ّلُماُتو ََٰلُون حصل حُِهُجه َّنمُ))‪.(4: 115‬‬ ‫يلُٱلمُ حُو ِمن ِْيُنو ِحُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ب‬‫س‬‫ُ‬ ‫ُ‬‫ۡي‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ح‬ ‫ح‬
‫كتَٰ ِِبُهَٰذاُفألقِ حُهُإ ِ حَل ِه حُم))‪(-1 (28: 28‬ومنُياُت ِ ُهِۦُمومِنُا) ‪)20:74( ṣilah‬‬ ‫‪( -2‬ٱذهبُب ِ ِ‬

‫ح‬
‫‪ with sukūn, the following hā-‬وي َُّتقا ُهِ ‪Note: Only Ḥafṣ reads this qāf‬‬
‫‪alKināyah with a ḍammah, and tafkhīm lām of Ismul jalālah.‬‬
‫َٰ َّ َّ‬
‫ُٱلش ح‬ ‫ٓ‬ ‫ح‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َّ‬
‫اي َٰنُ)‬ ‫‪18:‬ويتقهُِ‪-‬أنسىَٰن ِيهُ (وماُأنسىن ِيهُُِإِال‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ُٱّلِل (بِمااُ َٰهادُعل حياهُِٱّلِلُ) ‪63‬‬
‫‪ ،‬عل حياه ُ‬
‫ُلُفِيهِۦُمهانا) ‪48:10, the others read with kasrah and tarqīq of lām‬‬ ‫‪(.‬وي حخ ح‬

‫ْ ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َّ ْ‬ ‫ْ ْ‬
‫ُيفُالفتحِ ُو َّصلُُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ْسُأنسان ِيهُِضمُ ِۡلف ِص ِه ُمُُُُُُُُُُُُ***ُُُُُُُُومعهُعليهُِاّلِل ِ‬‫‪ُ-ُ222‬وهاُك ِ‬
‫‪Abū Ja˘far reads hā-alKināyah maksūrah, without ṣilah in: 25:69‬‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َّ َّ‬ ‫َّ‬
‫ُلُفُِيهُُِمهانا)‬‫ُى َٰن ِيهُُِإِالُٱلش حي َٰنُ) ‪( 18:63,‬ويخ حُ‬
‫‪( .‬بِماُ َٰهدُعل حُيهُُِٱّلِلُ) ‪(, 48:10‬وماُأنس ُ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ك ْنُُب ِهُوي ْرُُُُُُُ ُُُ*** ضهُجُاُوق ْ ر‬ ‫ْ ْ ْ‬ ‫َّ ْ‬
‫بلُُ‬‫ّصُح ْمُواالِشباعُ ُِ‬ ‫‪-02‬كيتقهُِوامددُجُدُوس ِ ِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ ْ ْ ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ ر ْ ْ‬ ‫ْ ْ‬
‫كُفانقلُُ‬ ‫جهُِبِنُوأشبِعُجُدُو ِيفُال ِ‬ ‫ّصُطفُوُأرُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُ*** ِ‬ ‫‪-21‬ويأت ِهُأَُتُيْسُوبِالق ِ‬

‫‪) in the verse is a letter code that indicates ˘Isa ibn Wardān reads‬ب(‬
‫ُه ‪hā-ul-Kināyah‬‬‫‪) indicates Sulaymān ibn‬ج( ‪ with sukūn, while‬وي َّت ِق حُ‬
‫ُه ‪Jammāz reads it with a kasrah and ṣilah. The opposite is in‬‬ ‫‪.‬ي حرُض حُ‬

‫‪13 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far‬‬

 ٓ ‫ح‬ َّ ‫ح‬ َّ
(24: 50))ُ‫ُوي َّتقُِ ُهِۦُفأ ْو َٰٓلئِكُهمُٱلفائِزون‬/‫(ومنُي ِطعِ ُٱّلِلُورسوّلۥُويخشُٱّلِلُوي َّتقُِ حُه‬-6
Ibn Wardān reads ṣilah of ḍammah )‫ ي حُرضُ حُهُُلك حُم‬/‫((ي حرضُهۥُلكم‬39: 7)-0
ُIbn Wardān reads with kasrah and ibn Jammāz reads with ṣilah in:
ٓ ‫ح‬ ‫ح ح ح ح‬ ‫ن)ُ قالوُا ُْأُ ح‬ ٓ ‫ح‬ ‫ح ح‬
ُُُ)‫ن‬
ُِ ِ ‫ثُُ ِيفُٱلمدائ‬
ُ ُ‫ٱبع‬
ُ ُ‫ِل(و‬
ُ ‫ج ُهِۦُوأخاهُُوأرس‬ ُِ ‫ُأ حُر‬/ِ‫ج ُه‬
ِ ‫ر‬ ُِِ ‫ثُُ ِيفُٱلمدا‬
‫ئ‬ ُ ُ‫ٱبع‬
ُ ُ‫ج ُهُِ(و‬ ‫ح‬
ِ ‫ أُر‬-2
َّ
ُ)ُ‫ُت حرزقانِهِۦُإِالُن َُّباتكماُبِتُاوِيلِهِۦُق حبلُأنُيُات ِيكما‬/ِ‫امُت حرزقان ِ ُه‬ ٞ ‫ُ(قالُالُيُات ِيكماُطع‬-2

ُ
0. TWO ADJACENT HAMZAHS IN A WORD

ُُُُُُ‫ وس ِهلنُُبِم ٍدُأَُت‬-21

Abū Ja˘far recites these types of double hamzahs (like Qālūn) with
tas-hīl of the 2nd hamzah and insertion (idkhāl) of an alif between
the 2 hamzahs. This is called alif-ulfaṣl, meaning separation.
Tas-hīl means easying in pronounciation by reading a hamzah
between the sound of a hamzah and the letter of madd, which
corresponds to its ḥarakah.
ْ ْ ْ ‫ر‬ ْ ْ ْ ْ
ُ‫ْيُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُ***ُُُُُُُُُُُُثلثةُءأنذ ْرته ْمُأمُل ْمُأئ ِ َّناُأن ِزال‬
ُِ ‫ُوأْضبَُجعِ ُاله ْمزت‬-ُ021

If 2 hamzat qaṭ˘ meet or follow each other in a word, the 1st

questioning hamzah will only carry a fatḥah, called an
interrogative hamzah. It has to be pronounced muḥaqaqqah ‫ ء‬and
the 2nd hamzah is either maftūḥah, maḍmūmah, or maksūrah, such
as: (ُ‫أئ ِ َّمة‬-‫أءنتُ حُم‬-‫ل‬
ُ ِ ‫ُءأ‬-‫أءِذُا‬-ُ‫نزل‬ ‫ح ح‬ َّ َٰ ‫ح‬ ُ ِ -‫ذُا‬ --‫نذ حرتهُ حُم‬
ِ ‫أء‬-‫(ءأنذرته ُم‬,ُ‫ ُمة‬‫ ُأ‬-‫نتُ ُم‬-‫ل‬
َّ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ ِ ‫ُوس‬-ُ0122
ُُُ‫اوُأؤش ِهدواُُُُُُُُُُُُ***ُُُُُُُُأُمِيناُوفِيهُِالم ُّدُبِاْلل ِفُبلل‬
ٍ ‫كنُوزِدُهمزاُُكو‬

14 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far

 ‫ح‬
II. Abū Ja˘far reads the word )‫ (أش ِهدوا‬with 2 hamzahs ‫ش ُِهدُوا‬
ُ ُ‫ أء‬in 43:
‫ح‬
19, with insertion of an alif and tas-hīl of the 2nd hamzah: ‫ش ُِهدُوا‬ ُ  .

III. Abū Ja˘far reads 2 words with tas-hīl of the 2nd hamzah,
without insertion of alif-ulfaṣl between the 2 hamzahs (forbidden).
1- is repeated in 3 sūrahs: 7: 133, 20: 71, and 27: 49. 
َٰ
2- )‫ل ِهتنا (ءأل ِهتنا‬in sūrat Az-Zukhruf.
ْ ُّ ْ
ُ‫اِلاُابْدِال‬
ِ ‫ِلكُث‬ ِ ‫افُوالشعراُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُ***ُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُبِهاُءٓامنتمُل‬
ِ ‫طهُويف ُاْلعر‬
ُِ ‫ُو‬-189
ُّ ‫ثُي َّتفِ ْقنُت‬
‫ر‬ ْ ْ ْ ْ َّ
ُُ‫َنال‬ ‫ُِبيْثُثُل‬
ِ ‫ْيُهناُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُ***ُُُُُُُ ُُُُوال‬
ِ ‫ُوالُمدُبْيُالهمزت‬-ُ022
The reason the insertion is not allowed in these words is because it
will have a collection of four alifs, which is forbidden.


2. Repetitive Questioning (Istifhām Mukarrar(

If questioning occurs twice in an āyah, (i.e., a hamzah of istifhām

carries a fatḥah, and the 2nd hamzah carries a kasrah, such as in:
)‫ (أءِنااا‬..... )‫(أءِذا‬, then this double questioning is called Istifhām
Mukarrar. Abū Ja˘far recites these 00 repeated istifhām with only
one question in the 2nd position ( ) and with a proclamation
(ikhbār) for the 1st position )‫( (ُإ ِذُا‬i.e., one hamzah only). Except in
2 places: Sūrah 37: 16, 56: 50, he reads in an opposite way
[Istifhām coming first )‫ذُا‬ (, then (ikhbār) one hamzah )‫](إُِنُا‬.

ْ ‫ِبُيفُاالوَلُإ ْنُتك َّر ْرُُإذاُسِوىُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُ***ُُُُإذاُوقع‬

ْ ‫تُم ْعُأ َّولُاَّلِبْحِ ُف‬
ُ‫اسأال‬ ْ ُْ ‫ُوأ‬-21
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ‫خ‬

15 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far

 ‫ح‬
[Sūrah 14:5]}‫ُل ِِفُخلقُجدِيد‬ُ‫بُق حولهمُوُُإ ِذاُك َّناُترَٰبا‬ ‫ {ِإَونُت حعج ح‬-0
ُٞ ‫بُفعج‬

[Sūrat Al-Isrā-a:49, 98] }ُ‫ُلمبْعوثون‬ ُ‫ {وقالوا ُإ ِذاُك َّناُعِظاماُورفاتا‬-1-2

ْ
[Sūrat Al-Mu-minūn: 82[ }ُ‫ُلمبْعوثون‬ ُ‫ {قالوا ُإ ِذاُمُتناُوك َّناُتراباُوعِظاما‬-2
ْ َّ
Sūrat An-Naml:67[ }ُ‫ لمخرجون‬  ‫ {وقالُٱَّلِينُكفرواُإذاُك َّناُتراباُوٓاباؤنا‬-1
َّ ‫ح‬ َّ
[Sūrah 29: 28, 29] ُ‫لرجُال‬
ُِ ‫مواُلُاتونُٱ‬‫ممم‬{{}ُ‫شة‬ ُ‫ح‬ ُِ ‫{إِنكمُواُلُاتونُٱ ُلفُا‬-6
‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ ْ
]Sūrat Us-Sajdah: 10[ }‫ِفُخلقُُجدِي ُِد‬ ُ ِ ‫اُيفُٱْل‬
ُ ِ ‫ُل‬ ُ‫ۡرض‬ ِ ‫{وقالوُا ُإ ِذُاُضللن‬-0
َّ ْ
]Sūrat Aṣ-Ŝāffāt: 16] ُ}ُ‫ذُا مُتناُوُك َّناُتراباُوعِظاماُإناُلمبْعوثون‬ {-2
ْ
[Sūrat Aṣ-Ŝāffāt: 53]}ُ‫ُلمدِينون‬ُ‫ُ{ُُإ ِذاُمُتناُوك َّناُتراباُوعِظاما‬-2
َّ ْ
[Sūrat Ul-Wāqi˘ah[}ُ‫ذا مُتناُوك َّناُتراباُوعِظاماُإِناُلمبْعوثون‬ ُ‫{وَُكنواُيقولون‬-01
َّ ْ ْ َّ
[Sūrat An-Nazi˘āt [}ُ‫ذُاُك َّناُعِظاماَُّنِرة‬ ُ}ِ ‫ُيفُاۡلاف ِرُة‬
ِ ‫لمردودون‬‫{يقولونُ إنا‬-00

2. TWO ADJACENT HAMZAHS IN TWO WORDS

When 2 hamzahs meet in 2 words, (i.e. the 0st hamzah is the last
letter of the 0st word and the 2nd hamzah is the 0st letter of the
2nd word) there are different ways of reading these words
depending on the ḥarakāt of the 2 different hamazāt (pl.).
The 2 hamzahs either differ or agree in their ḥarakāt.

(A) When The 2 Hamzahs Agree in Their Ḥarakāt

If the 2 hamzahs agree (ittafaqatā) in their ḥarakāt, then Abū Ja˘far
ْ َّ
makes tas-hīl of the 2nd hamzah. ** * ‫انُُإ ِذُطرا‬
ِ ‫اقُس ِه ِلُاِل‬
ٍ ‫ وحالُات ِف‬-20

16 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far

 ٓ ٓ ْ ٓ
(a) identical with fatḥah: )‫(جُاءُُأ ُمرُنُا)ُشُُاءُُأُُنَشهُ(جُاءُُأُح رُد‬
ْ ٓ َٰ َّ ٓ ٓ َّ
(b) identical with kasrah, such as in: )‫ن‬ ُ ِ ‫ُِ إ‬
‫الء‬ُ ‫هؤ‬
ُ ( ‫ال‬ ُ ِ ‫ٱلسمُاءُُِإِن)ُٱلنِسُُاءُُُِإ‬ (
ٓ
(c) identical with ḍammah, only one in the Qur-ān: )ُ‫وَلُاءُُأ ْو َٰٓلئِك‬ ُِ ‫(أ‬.

(B) When the 2 hamzahs differ in their ḥarakāt

If the 2 hamzahs differ in their vowels (ikhtilāf ḥarakāt) then Abū
Ja˘far and 7 rāwīs agree upon reading the 2nd hamzah by applying
a rule to it, depending on where the fatḥah vowel is: either the 1st
hamzah is maftūḥah, the 2nd or none of them.
The Rule
(a) If the 1st hamzah is maftūḥah, then make tas-hīl of the 2nd.
ٓ
The 2nd will have a kasrah )‫ل‬َُٰ ُ۬ َُٰ ِ ‫ (تُفُِ ُيٓئُُإ‬or a ḍammah )ُ‫ُ۬ َّمة‬-ُ‫(جاءُُأ َّمة‬.
ُ-‫ل‬
(b) If the 2nd hamzah is maftūḥah, then he makes ibdāl of it to a
letter of madd that matches the preceding ḥarakah. If the 1st
hamzah is maksūrah, then he turns the 2nd into a yā maftūḥah. If
the 1st is maḍmūmah, then he turns the 2nd to a wāw maftūḥah.
‫ح‬ ‫ْ ح‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ ٓ ٓ
ُّ ‫ٱ‬-‫ وُص حُبناه ُْم‬:‫ل حُوُنشاءُأُص حُبناهُ ُْم‬
-‫ون‬
ُ ِ ‫ُوُفت‬:‫ون‬ ُ ِ ‫ٱلملؤاُأُفت‬-‫عمال ِهم‬ ُ ُ‫سُ ُٓوءُأ‬- ‫ وُال‬:‫لسفُهُاءُأُال‬
ُ ُ‫ُو‬:‫عمال ِهم‬
ٓ ُّ ٓ ٓ َّ ‫ح‬ ‫ٓ ح‬
.‫يُن‬-‫لشهُدُُاءُُِأُن‬
ُ ‫ٱ‬-ِ‫َيِي ُه‬
ُ ُ:ِ‫ وَِعءُِأُخِي ُه‬-ُ‫ُيُو‬/ُ‫ يُاية‬:‫ُأُو‬/ ُ‫لسمُاءُِءُاية‬ ‫ مِنُُٱ‬/‫ِِع‬
ُ ِ ‫ وُقل‬:‫ِِع‬ ُ ِ ‫ويَٰسماءُأُقل‬

(c) If neither of them is maftūḥah (the 1st hamzah is maḍmūmah

and the 2nd is maksūrah, the opposite does not exist in the Qur-ān)
then Abū Ja˘far makes tas-hīl and ibdāl of the 2nd hamzah into a
wāw maksūrah and the ibdāl is preferred, muqaddam.
ٓ ‫َّ ح‬ ٓ ‫ح‬ َّ َّ ٓ
ُُ‫ل‬.-ُ‫ُٱلفقراءُ ُوَِل‬:ِ ‫ُٱّلِل‬ َُٰ ُ۬
ُ ‫ناُ(أنتمُٱلفقراءُُإ ِل‬.-‫ل)ُيازك ُِرياءُُ ُوِنا‬ ُ-‫َل‬ َُٰ ِ ‫ي حُهدِيُمنُيشُٓاءُإ‬
َُٰ ِ‫ يشُٓاءُ ُو‬:‫ل‬
ٓ
ُ)‫ُ۬ذا‬
ُ-‫ ُوِذا‬:‫(ٱلشُهدُاءُُإِذا‬

17 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far

Note: If you stop on the 1st hamzah for a test, then start the 2nd
without any changes, but the meaning requires to connect them.ُ

00. Iṫĥhār (Clarity) and Idghām (Assimilation)

A. The Small Idghām: Some readers merge special sākin letters.

Like the letters that are close in articulation point or may be from
the same articulation point: Similar letters:
ْ ْ
ُُ‫ُاإلفرادَُِعَشُدغفل‬ ‫يف‬ ‫ُو‬‫م‬ْ ‫أخ ْذت‬ ُ ْ ‫ُوطسُعِنْدُال ْ ِميمُفازُاُاَت ْذت‬-ُ221
‫م‬
ِ ِ ***
ْ ْ ْ
ُُ‫ُِبل ِف ِه ُْم ***ُُُُُُُُُُكماُضاعُجاُيلهثُّلُدارُِج َّهل‬ ِ ‫يب‬
ْ
ٍ ‫ُو ِيفُاركبُهدىُب ٍرُق ِر‬-ُ222
َّ‫ُوُأُ ْدَُمْضُتأْمنا‬-06

Abū Ja˘far is the only reciter who makes complete idghām without
َٰ ‫ُمالكُالُتُام َّن‬.
rawm or ishmām in sūrat Yūsuf: 11ُ‫اُلَعُيوسُف‬

I. Abū Ja˘far reads the following letters with idhgām of: "‫"ذ" يف "ت‬
ُّ
1- The “dthāl” into the “tā” in 3 words like: a- ‫بُوُ َُّر ُب ِكُم‬ ُ ِ ‫تُُب ِ َُّر‬
ُ ‫نُعُذ‬ ُ ِ ‫ِإَو‬
ُّ ُّ َّ َّ َّ
Sūrahs (40: 27 and 44: 19), b- (‫( )فُنُبُذ ُتهُا‬20). c- ‫ اَتذُتم‬-‫ت‬ ُ ‫نُاَتذ‬ ُِ ِ ‫ُلُ ُئ‬
ُّ ُّ َّ ُّ
ُِ ‫لَعُ ُذ َُٰل ِكُمُوُُإ ِ ح‬
ُ‫فُأُخُذُته‬-‫صي‬ َُٰ ُ‫ وُأُخُذ ُتمُو‬-‫اَّلينُُكُفُرُوا‬
ُِ ُ‫ت‬ُ ‫ ثُ َُّمُأُخُذ‬wherever it occurs.

Idghām of the thā into tā in 2 words: a-(‫ثتموهُا‬ ُُّ ِ‫ )أور‬b- in (ُ-‫ثت‬

ُ ُّ ِ ‫ْل‬ ُ َّ ِ ‫ْل‬
ُ ُ-‫ثت‬ ُ
‫ح‬
ُُّ ِ ‫ْل‬
-‫ثت حُم‬ ُ ُ‫)كُ حُم‬. He makes iṫĥhār of the: a- thā from dthāl inُ)ُ‫ُ ُ(يلهثُُذَٰل ِك‬
(7: 176) and b- bā from mīm in )ُ‫بُُمُعنا‬ ‫ُُٱرُك ح‬
‫( (يَٰبُن ح‬11: 42).
ِ

18 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far

 01. Alfarsh (Different Pronunciation) of Abū Ja˘far

Alfarsh: words all over the Muṣḥaf, mentioned once or multiple

times, that do not follow certain rules.

ُ‫ُناادُحال‬ ْ ُّ َّ ‫ُوض ُّمكُأوَل‬-ُ221

ٍ ‫ُيف‬ ِ ‫ثُُُُُُُُُُ***ُُُُُُُُُُيضمُلزوماُكْسه‬
ٍ ‫ُِلال ِا‬
ِ ‫ُالساكِنْي‬

If two sākin letters meet between two words, then waṣlan, the first
sākin is either given a ḥarakah or it is dropped if it is a madd letter.
Abū Ja˘far reads the first sākin with a ḍammah ‫ُالساكِنْي‬َّ ‫ُوض ُّمكُأوَل‬,
on the condition that the second sākin is a verb which starts with
hamzatul waṣl and its third letter (counting starts from hamzah),
carries a permanent ḍammah, lazimah *** ُُ‫ثُيض ُّمُلزوما‬ ٍ ‫ُُ ِِلال ِا‬as in:
ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ
ُُ‫ُِاست ْه ِزئُاعتال‬ ْ ‫ُانظ ْرُم ْعُقد‬ ‫تُاخرجُأ ِنُاعبدواُ*ُوَمظورا‬ ِ ‫ُق ِلُادعواُأوِانقصُقال‬-226
‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ َّ ‫ح‬ ‫ح ح‬ ‫ح‬ َّ ‫ح‬
)ُ‫ستُ حُه ُِزئ‬
ُ‫ُقُدُُٱ ح‬-‫َمظُورُاُٱ ُنظُ حُر‬
ُ ُ-‫ٱّلِل‬
ُ ُ‫عبدوا‬
ُ ‫ُأنُُٱ‬-‫ج‬ ُ ‫قالُتُُٱ‬-ُ‫ٱلر ححمَٰن‬
ُ ‫خر‬ َّ ُ‫ادعُوا‬
ُ ُُ‫ٱّلِلُأو‬
ُ ُ‫(قُلُُٱ ُدعُوا‬

‫ح‬
Abū Ja˘far reads the ṭā with a kasrah instead of a ḍammah ‫ط َُّر‬ُِ ‫ٱض‬
ُ ُُ‫فمُن‬
ْ ‫لئكُةُُ ح‬ ‫ح‬
He reads the tā with a ḍammah instead of a kasrah in ‫وا‬ ُ ‫ٱسجد‬ َِٰٓ ‫ل ِلم‬

ْ ْ ‫ُوحِيلُبإ ْشمامُوسِيقُكماُرساُُُُُُُُُُُُُُ ُُ***ُُُُُُُُو ِِسءُوسِيئ‬-222

ُ‫تَُكنُراوِيهُِأُنبل‬ ٍ ِِ

Al-ishmām: the pronounciation of the 1st letter of a word (‫ت‬ُْ ُ‫(سِايئ‬

with a combination of 2 vowels: round the lips as if pronouncing
ḍammah, while producing a kasrah for the same letter, as follows.
Pay attention, do not elongate the ḍammah into a wāw.
ّ ‫ّ ي‬
ٓ‫( ِ ي‬11: 77), ُٓ‫يت‬
Abū Ja˘far read 2 words with ishmām, ٓ‫سء‬ ٓ ‫س‬ِٓ (67: 27).

19 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far

 َّ ْ ‫ُوحيْثُأَتُخطو ر‬-ُ222
ُُ‫نُُُُُُُُُ***ُُُُُُُُُوقلُض ُّمهُع ْنُزاهِدُكيْفُرتل‬
ُ‫ك ر‬ َّ ‫ات‬
ِ ‫ُالطاءُسا‬

Abū Ja˘far reads the ṭā in ‫ات‬ ُِ ‫ خُ حطاو‬sākinah, and the middle letter of
the following words with ḍammah instead of sukūn:
ُّ ‫ُى‬ ‫ح‬
َٰ ‫ُُ–ُٱلُيُْس‬ ‫ح‬
َٰ ‫ُٱلُعُْس‬-ُ‫ُا‬ ‫ح‬
-‫ُٱلرُعُب‬-ُُ ‫ُى‬ ‫ُُيُْس‬-ُُ‫ُْس‬
ِ ‫ُع‬‫اُ–ُٱل‬‫نُكُراُ–ُفُسُحُق‬.

ْ ْ َّ ْ َّ
ْ ‫ُهو‬ ْ ْ ْ ْ
ُ‫ُاسكِناُأُدُوِحِل‬ ‫ُواالمرُاتلُواعك ِْسُأ َّولُالق ِصُهوُو ِِهُُُُُُُُُ***ُُُُُي ِملُهوُثم‬-62

Abū Ja˘far reads these words with sākin hā on the condition that it
‫ح‬ ‫لُ حُهوُخ ْ ر‬-‫ه‬‫ح ح‬
be preceded by a letter of (‫ثم‬-‫ل‬-‫ف‬-‫ث َّمُ ُهوُ) )و‬-‫ريْن‬ ُ َّ ‫ۡي‬
ُ ِ ‫ُللصاُب‬ ُ ُ‫ف‬-ُ‫ (و ُهو‬.
‫ح‬
-He reads ˘ayn sākinah of words like: 74: 30ُ‫عَش‬ ُ ُ‫ُعل حيهاُت حِسعة‬,ُُ(9: 36)
‫ح ح‬
ُ‫عَش‬
ُ ُ‫ٱثنُٓا‬, the 2nd word is read with madd lāzim 6 ḥarkāt.

Note: The 2 obligatory sakatāt that Ḥafṣ makes are specific to him
in sūrahs (18:1,2-36: 54-75:37) and (83:14). Abū Ja˘far connects.
The sakt isُa breathless pause of 2 sec., written as a small sīn (‫)س‬.ُ
‫َّ ح‬ َّ ‫ح‬
ُ‫ُلَع)(وقِيلُمُ ح‬
ُُُ‫نُ راق‬ َُٰ ‫لُران‬ ُ ُ‫ُٱلر ححمَٰنُ)(ّلَكُب‬
َّ ‫ُُُهَٰذاُماُوعد‬ ‫ول حمَُيعلُّلۥُعِوُجاُ قيِمُا)( َّم حرقدِنُا‬
ْ َّ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫كتةُح ْفصُدُونُق‬ ْ
ُُ‫ُيفُعِوجاُبل‬ ِ ‫ين‬
ِ ِ ‫و‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ُال‬ ‫ِف‬
ِ ‫ل‬ ‫ُأ‬‫لَع‬ ُ ُُ*** ُُُُُُُُُُُُ ُُُ
‫ة‬ ‫يف‬ ‫ط‬
ِ ‫ُل‬ ‫ع‬ٍ ‫ط‬ ٍ ‫ُ–ُوس‬211
ْ ْ ْ
ُُ‫لُُُُُُُُُُُُ ***ُُُ ُرانُواْلاقونُالُسكتُموصل‬ ُ ‫ونُم ْنُراقُوم ْرقدِناُوال ِمُب‬ ٍ ‫ُ–ُو ِيفُن‬210

Abū Ja˘far reads with a special sakt between the separate letters
(Alḥurūf Almuqaṭṭa˘ah) at the beginning of 14 sūrahs, such as:

.‫ُطه‬-١ُ‫هيع ٓص‬ٓ ‫ ٓك‬-ُ‫حم‬ ٓ ُ-ُُُُ‫ أس ُٓلُسُرس‬:ُ‫ُالٓر‬-ُ‫صُس‬

ٓ -ُ‫طس ٓم‬ ٓ
ُ ٓ ُ‫ُأس ُلُسُ ُٓمس‬:‫ص‬
ٓ ٓ ٓ
ُ ٓ ‫ُال ٓم‬-ُُُُ‫ أس ُلُسُ ُٓمس‬:‫ُال ُٓم‬
ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ
ُ‫ِفُُُُ***ُُأُالَُيدعونُاعل ْمُحِّجُواش ِمماُطِل‬ ُ ‫تُكحاُأل‬ ٍ ‫ حروفُاله ِّجُاف ِصلُبِس‬-62
‫ك‬ َّ

20 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far

The alif has no madd. The lām and any letter with the madd sign
must be elongated to 6 ḥarakāt. Any letter from (‫ )ۡحُطهاار‬is
elongated to 2ُḥarakah.

The Nūn Sākin and Tanwīn

Abū Ja˘far only, makes ikhfā’ of nūn sākin and tanwīn at ghaīn and
‫ح‬
ُِ ‫ماُلكمُوُ ُِم حنُإِل َٰ ٍهُغ ح‬-‫حل ِيماُغفورُا‬-‫ومِنُخلفِ ِه حُم‬-‫ۡيكم‬
khā:ُُ‫مِنُخِلَٰف‬-ُ‫مِنُغِل‬-ِ ‫ۡيُه‬ ُِ ‫مِنُغ ح‬-ُ
‫ح‬
Except: ُ‫( فسي حنغِضون‬15: 51), ُ‫( وٱلم حنخن ِقة‬5: 3) and ‫( إِنُيك حنُغن ًِّيا‬4: 135).
ْ ْ ْ ْ
ُ‫انُاالِخفاُسِوىُينغِضُيك ْنُمنخن ِقُأُال‬
ْ
ُُُ ُُُُُُُُُُُُ‫ا‬ْ‫ وغ َّنةُياُوالْواوُف ْزُوبخاُوغي‬-22
ِ ** ِ ِ

Ways of Stopping on ˘Uthmanic Muṣḥaf Script

He stops on this word ُُ‫ يَٰأبت‬ending in a feminine tāُ‫ت‬, with hā: ‫يَٰأبه‬.

12. Yā-āt al-Iḍāfah

Abū Ja˘far reads yā-āt-il-iḍāfah like Qalūn, except 3 that he differs

with him in. He reads 2 words with sukūnُ٦ُ‫ُين‬ِ ِ‫ُلكمُوُدِينكمُوُو َِلُد‬
ٓ ٞ َّ ‫ح ح‬ َّ َّ
ُ ِ ُ‫( ِم ۢنُب حعدُِأنُنزغُٱلش حي َٰنُب حي ِنُوبْيُإِخو‬
(12: 100)ُُ)ُ‫تُُإ ِنُر ِبُل ِطيفُل ِماُيشاء‬

ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ
ُ‫ك ِنُاْلابُِحِل‬ ُ ِ ‫ك ْنُِإَوخو‬
ِ ‫تُُُُُُُُُ*** ور ِبُافتحُأُصلُواس‬ ِ ‫ِينُس‬
ِ ‫د‬ُ‫ُل‬
ِ ‫د‬ ُ‫ كقالونُأ‬-12

َّ
ْ ‫ُُإنُُلُُ ِعُندُهُُلُلُح‬ ْ ُّ
َٰ ‫ُس‬
He reads this yā maftūḥah: )ُ‫ُن‬ ِ ‫جعتُإ ِ َٰلُرب‬
ِ ‫ (ولئِنُر‬41:50.

21 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far

 ‫)‪13. YĀ-ĀT AZ-ZAWĀ-ID (EXTRA‬‬

‫‪Ya-āt az-Zawā-id are 62 in total. Abū Ja˘far reads 30 words with‬‬

‫ُ‪, waṣlan and deletes them waqfan, as Shāṭibī states:‬ۦ ”‪an extra “yā‬‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫اتُتسّمُزوائِداُْلنُُُُُُُُُ***ُُُُُُُُك َّنُع ْنُخ ِطُالمصاح ِِفُمع ِزالُُ‬ ‫ُ‪ُ-ُ221‬ودونكُياء ٍ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ر‬ ‫َّ ر‬ ‫ْ ْ‬
‫انُفاعقِلُُ‬ ‫‪ُ-ُ222‬و ِيفُالوص ِلُِحادُشكورُُإ ِمامهُُُُُُُُُُُُُ***ُُُُُُُُُُُُُوَجلتهاُسِتونُواثن ِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ْ ْ ْ‬ ‫َّ ِ َّ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ونُكذاُاخش ْو ِنُم ْعُوالُُ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ؤ‬ ‫ُت‬ ‫ن‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫أ‬ ‫س‬ ‫ُت‬‫ن‬‫ِ‬ ‫***‬ ‫ُُُُُُُُُُُُ‬ ‫وُ‬ ‫ق‬‫ات‬ ‫ُو‬ ‫اع‬ ‫ُال‬‫ُيف‬‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ُاۡل ْ‬
‫ِر‬ ‫اُيف‬
‫‪ -10‬يواف ِقُم ِ‬
‫َّ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ ْ‬
‫صلُُُُ‬ ‫ونُو ِ‬‫ونُثمُكِيد ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ات‬‫ُو‬ ‫ن‬
‫ِ‬ ‫***‬ ‫ُُُُُُُُُُُ‬ ‫اُُ‬ ‫د‬ ‫ُه‬‫د‬ ‫ُق‬ ‫ون‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ز‬ ‫َُِت‬ ‫د‬ ‫ا‬‫ُاْل‬ ‫ون‬
‫ِ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ك‬‫‪ -12‬وأَش‬
‫َّ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ُِباَلْ ِهُوتتبِع ْنُأُالُُُ‬ ‫ي ِرد ِن ِ‬ ‫اِتاُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُُ***‬ ‫ونُوق ْدُزادُف ِ‬ ‫‪-12‬دَع ِنُوخاف ِ‬
‫ْ ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َّ‬
‫ِفُم ْعُت ِم ُّدون ِنُفلُ‬ ‫دَعءُِاتلُواحذ ُ‬ ‫ُالنادِيُُب ِ ْنُعِبادِيُاتقوُطماُُُُُُُُُُُ***‬ ‫‪-61‬تلق َّ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ُُ‬
‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ ‫حر‬
‫ُوفُعل حيكمُٱَل حومُوالُأنتمُوُِتزنونُ ‪I. Waṣlan and waqfan‬‬ ‫‪ 43:68‬يَٰعِبادُِىُالُخ‬
‫‪II- Abū Ja˘far reads the following ya-āt waṣlan and‬‬
‫‪deletes them waqfan‬‬

‫‪No‬‬ ‫‪Ibn Wardān‬‬ ‫‪Place‬‬ ‫‪Waṣlan‬‬ ‫‪Waqfan‬‬

‫‪.‬‬
‫اعۦُإِذاُ‬ ‫أجيبُد حعوة َّ‬
‫ُٱل ُِ‬ ‫ٱل ُِ‬
‫اع‬ ‫َّ‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2: 186‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫إذاُدَع ُ ح ح‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2: 186‬‬ ‫جيبوا ِ ُ‬
‫ُل‬ ‫نۦُفليست ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫دَع ُِ‬
‫ن‬
‫ْ ح ح‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َّ‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2: 197‬‬ ‫بُ‬ ‫ونۦُ ُي َٰأو َِلُٱْللب ِ‬
‫َٰ‬ ‫وٱتق ُِ‬ ‫وٱتق ُِ‬
‫ون‬
‫َّ‬ ‫َّ‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪3: 20‬‬ ‫نۦُوُقُل‬‫وُمُنُٱ ُتبُعُ ُِ‬ ‫وُمُنُٱ ُتبُعُ ِنُ‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3: 175‬‬ ‫ونۦُإِنُكنتموُمو ِمن ِْيُ‬ ‫ون وخاف ُِ‬ ‫وخاف ُِ‬
‫ح ْ‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ح‬
‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪5: 44‬‬ ‫نۦُوالُتشَتواُ‬ ‫وٱخش حو ُِ‬ ‫وٱخش حو ُِ‬
‫ن‬

‫‪22 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far‬‬

‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪6: 80‬‬ ‫نۦُوالُُأخافُماُ‬ ‫وق حدُهدى َٰ ُِ‬ ‫وق حدُهدى َٰ ِنُ‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪7: 195‬‬ ‫نظر ُِ‬
‫ون‬ ‫ونۦُفلُت ِ‬ ‫ث َّمُكِيد ُِ‬ ‫كِيد ُِ‬
‫ون‬
‫ح‬ ‫ح‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪11: 46‬‬ ‫نۦُماُل حيسُلكُُ‬ ‫فلُتسُلُ ُِ‬ ‫فلُتسُلُ ُِ‬
‫ن‬
‫ح‬ ‫ح‬
‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪11: 77‬‬ ‫ونۦُ ِيفُض حي ِ ُ‬
‫ِف‬ ‫والَُتز ُِ‬ ‫والَُتز ُِ‬
‫ون‬
‫َّ‬
‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪11:105‬‬ ‫تۦُُالُتُكلمُ‬ ‫يُا ُِ‬ ‫ي حومُيُا ُِ‬
‫ت‬
‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪12: 66‬‬ ‫ونۦُم حُوث ِقاُ‬ ‫ح ََّّتُتُوت ُِ‬ ‫ونُ‬
‫تُوت ِ‬
‫ح‬ ‫ٓ‬ ‫ٓ‬
‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪14: 40‬‬ ‫دَعءُِۦُ‪ُ٤٠‬ر َّبنا وتق َّب ُ‬
‫ل‬ ‫دَع ُِء‬
‫َّ‬ ‫َّ‬
‫‪14‬‬ ‫‪17: 62‬‬ ‫نۦُإ ِ َُٰ‬
‫ل‬ ‫لئ ِ حنُأخ حرت ُِ‬ ‫أخ حرت ُِ‬
‫ن‬
‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪18: 24‬‬ ‫نۦُر ِ ُ‬
‫ب‬ ‫ي حهدِي ُِ‬ ‫ي حهدِي ُِ‬
‫ن‬
‫‪16‬‬ ‫‪18: 39‬‬ ‫نۦُأناُ‬
‫إِنُتر ُِ‬ ‫إِنُتر ِنُ‬
‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪18: 40‬‬ ‫ۡيا‬‫ِْيۦُخ ح ُ‬ ‫أنُيوت ُِ‬ ‫ِْيُ‬
‫أنُيوت ِ‬
‫‪18‬‬ ‫‪18: 64‬‬ ‫ٱرت َّدا‬ ‫ماُك َّناُن حبغُِۦُف ح‬ ‫ن حبغُِ‬
‫‪19‬‬ ‫‪18: 66‬‬ ‫نۦُم َِّما‬ ‫أنُتعل ِم ُِ‬ ‫تعل ِم ِنُ‬
‫ح ح‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ح‬
‫‪20‬‬ ‫‪18: 17‬‬ ‫ِلُ‬
‫ضل ُ‬ ‫ٱلمُ حُهتُ ُِدۦُومنُي ُ‬ ‫ٱلمُ حُهتُ ُِدُ‬
‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ح‬
‫‪21‬‬ ‫‪22: 23‬‬ ‫ُٱلعُاكِفُفِيهُِوٱْلادُِۦُومنُ‬ ‫وٱْلا ُِد‬
‫‪22‬‬ ‫‪27: 36‬‬ ‫أت ِم ُّدون ِنُۦ بِم ٍُ‬
‫ُال‬ ‫أت ِم ُّدون ُِ‬
‫ن‬
‫قۦُ‪ُ١٥‬ي حو ُم ‪23‬‬ ‫ي حوم َّ‬
‫ُٱلل ُِ‬ ‫‪40: 15‬‬ ‫ُٱلل ِقُي حومُ‬ ‫‪ Jammāz‬ي حوم َّ‬ ‫ٱلل ُِ‬
‫ق‬ ‫َّ‬
‫ي حوم َّ‬
‫ُٱلنادُِۦُ‪ُ٣٢‬ي حومُ ‪24‬‬ ‫‪40: 32‬‬ ‫ُٱلنُادُِي حومُ‬ ‫‪ Jammāz‬ي حوم َّ‬ ‫ٱلنا ُِد‬‫َّ‬
‫ح‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َّ‬
‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪21: 38‬‬ ‫ونۦُأُ ُه ُِدكُم‬
‫ٱتبِع ُِ‬ ‫ونُ‬‫ٱتبِع ِ‬
‫ح‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ح‬
‫‪26‬‬ ‫‪42: 32‬‬ ‫ارِۦُ ِيفُٱْل حح ُِر‬‫ٱْلو ُ‬ ‫ٱْلو ُِ‬
‫ار‬
‫َّ‬ ‫َّ‬
‫‪27‬‬ ‫‪43: 61‬‬ ‫اُصر َٰ ‪ُ ٞ‬‬
‫طُ‬ ‫ونۦُهَٰذ ِ‬ ‫وُٱتبِع ُِ‬ ‫وُٱتبِع ُِ‬
‫ون‬
‫ح‬ ‫ح‬
‫‪28‬‬ ‫‪50: 41‬‬ ‫ينادُِٱلمنادُِۦُمِن‬ ‫ٱلمنا ُِد‬

‫‪23 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far‬‬

 ‫‪29‬‬ ‫‪54: 6‬‬ ‫اعۦُإ ِ َٰلُ‬‫ٱل ُِ‬ ‫ي حومُيُ حُدعُُ َّ‬ ‫ٱل ُِ‬
‫اع‬ ‫َّ‬

‫اعۦُيقولُ‬ ‫ٱل ُِ‬ ‫إلُُ َّ‬ ‫ٱل ُِ‬

‫اع‬ ‫َّ‬
‫‪30‬‬ ‫‪54: 8‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ح‬
‫‪31‬‬ ‫‪89: 4‬‬ ‫ْسۦُهُ ُ‬
‫ل‬ ‫إِذاُي ح ُِ‬ ‫ي ح ُِ‬
‫ْس‬
‫َّ ح ح‬ ‫ح‬
‫‪32‬‬ ‫‪89: 9‬‬ ‫خرُُب ِ ُٱلوُادُِۦ‪ُ٩‬وف حِرع حونُُ‬ ‫ٱلص ُ‬ ‫ُب ِ ُٱلوُا ُِد‬
‫ح‬ ‫ح‬
‫‪33‬‬ ‫‪89: 15‬‬ ‫نۦُوأ َّما‬ ‫بُأكرم ُِ‬ ‫ر ُِ‬ ‫نُُ‬‫أكرم ُِ‬
‫َّ‬
‫‪34‬‬ ‫‪89: 16‬‬ ‫نۦُ‪ُ ُ١٦‬‬
‫ّلَك‬ ‫بُأهَٰ ُِ‬ ‫ر ُِ‬ ‫نُ‬ ‫أهَٰ ِ‬
‫َّ َّ‬ ‫َّ َّ‬
‫‪35‬‬ ‫‪20: 93‬‬ ‫نۦُُأفعص حيتُأ حم ِري‬ ‫ن أالُتتبِع ُِ‬ ‫أالُتتبِع ُِ‬
‫َّ‬
‫‪16‬‬ ‫‪27: 36‬‬ ‫نۦُُٱّلِلُخُ حۡي‪ُٞ‬م َِّما‬ ‫ن فماُءاتى َٰ ُِ‬ ‫فماُءاتى َٰ ُِ‬
‫ح‬ ‫ح‬
‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪36: 23‬‬ ‫ٱلر ححمَٰنُبِضُ‬ ‫نۦُُ َّ‬ ‫إِنُي ِرد ُِ‬ ‫إِنُي ِرد ُِ‬
‫ن‬

‫‪References‬‬

‫‪ -0‬اإلضاءة في بيان أصول القراءة‪ ،‬الكاتب‪ :‬نور الدين علي دمحم حسن المصري‪،‬‬
‫الملقب بالضباع (ت‪ )0121‬الناشر‪ :‬المكتبة األزهرية للتراث‪ ،‬سنة النشر هـ‪0221‬‬
‫‪ -2‬نيل الوطر في أصول القراءات األربعة عشر‪ :‬توفيق ضمرة‬
‫‪ -1‬األصول النيرات في القراءات العشر‪ :‬أماني عاشور‬
‫‪ -2‬النفحات العطرة في أصول القراءات العشرة‪ :‬دمحم حسام إبراهيم‬

‫‪24 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far‬‬

 ‫سبحانك اللهم وبحمدك أشهد أن ال إله إال أنت‬
‫أستغفرك وأتوب إليك‬

How perfect You are O Allah, and I praise You. I bear witness that
Nonee has the right to be worshipped except You. I seek Your
forgiveness and turn to You in repentance.

If you find any mistakes please email me: najaah.ummAhmad@gmail.com

INTERNATIONAL COPYRIGHT © 2018 Sheikha Fatma All

Rights Reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying and recording, or by any information
storage and retrieval, without prior written permission/approval
from the author/Sheikha.

25 The Simplified Explanation of Qirā-at Abi-Ja˘far