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Introduction
1.1 Background
procedures that are designed to provide the right information the user needs to do their
task more effectively, to the right person and at the right time (Davis and Yen, 1998).
Information system is important for any business because the business needs to
have accurate information and need to have the technology as a tool for solving
problems and at the same time increasing the productivity and the quality of doing
business. Businesses today use information system and use the available technologies
because they understand the importance of maintaining and updating data electronically
Using information system for managing information in the health care such as
schedule and medicine prescription is not only to save time or reduce cost, but also a
way to support and improve the health care information to be more accessible and
flexible (modifying, saving, deleting, updating etc) for system users and storing data
efficiently. In addition, it improves the quality of data control (Liu and Zhu, 2007).
On the other hand, information system works to interact with the system
databases, financial module, scheduling module and the entire system modules.
Therefore, to get the best implementation, the health care system should be able to
interact with several medical health care staff (physicians, nurses, medical device users,
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which is the conducted way to get a good insight how health care system working and
will be more effectively and efficiently for managing the information (Song et al.,
2007).
health information history and provide the flexibility and accessibility for patient
On the other hand, health care information system have user interface, that
provides to the system user the ability to interact with the patient; Once the patient
arrive at the medical center they must register their information and health history in the
health care center system. The system automatically will update the patient information;
then the patient will be under queue to have an appointment for medical check up by the
physician. The physician will specify whether the patient case is an emergency case or
not. If the case is an emergency, the physician will retrieve the relevant patient
information from the system database. Nevertheless, in the general case, the system will
request the examination queue for the patient. Finally, after the patient complete the
medical check the system will place the prescription order to the pharmacy unit and
The challenge here is how the information system can represent and manage the
entire information in the health care such as patient information, patient consultation
history, patient appointment, doctor's schedule, payment, products and medicines, and
document. In addition, how an integrated system can provide the accessibility to the
right and accurate information for any patient in the health care center. Moreover, how
the system can provide the accessibility for patients to allow them confirm their own
appointment by themselves.
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1.2 Research Focus
The focus of this research is to study the following areas towards the
a. Patient information history, which include all the patient information such as
b. Doctors schedule information, which include the doctor schedule status such
e. Managing the patient appointment and giving the opportunity to the patient to
The expected outcomes for focusing on those points in this research are:
c. Keep tracking for all the patient information and patient consultation history.
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1.3 Problem Statement
The current health care providers are using different ways and systems for
managing information. Some health care providers are using only one system for
managing the health information but it is not comprehensive for managing all the
information, for instance the system can support only the patient information but cannot
Therefore Mazzi et al. (2006) reported results of study about current system use
in the health care, which proved that there is a lack of software that fulfils the patient’s
need for medical information and the doctor’s need to monitor patients.
Conversely, there are a health cares are using more than one health management
system such as (patient information, doctor schedule, products and medicine suppliers,
financial etc.) for managing the health information. Those system are dedicated to only
one activity of the healthcare and this functionality is not integrated with other systems
Furthermore, about the patient appointment, the patient can book an appointment
through a different way such as (telephone, email, website etc); otherwise the patient
appointment system designed to minimize the doctor idle time only and considered that
the patient can wait for more than one hour to be attended by a physician in a health
care center, which make patients feel they are being disregarded and treated unfairly
(Dexter, 1999).
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On the other hand, the old appointment system designed to minimize the doctor
idle time but current designing of an appointment system is based on decisive factors
with respect to both the patient and doctor (Wijewickrama and Takakuwa, 2005).
that can manage the entire health care information and provide a very sturdy interacting
a) Identify and analyze the current system used for managing patient
authorized personnel.
e) Observe and control the huge information of health care (diseases, finance,
the work in the health care, which provides the necessary information for
future planning.
appointment.
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1.5 Research Significance
instead of using the traditional method (paper document), which is not easy to retrieve
Therefore, Zeng and Cimino, (2000) mentioned that because of the huge of
patients information in the health care, it is not practical to keep going using the paper
documents for tracking and managing the patient information , but information system
in health care, systematically supports extensive manage for the of patients information
in the health care and keep tracking for all medication details
Moreover, Wilcox et al., (2005) refer that the traditional method (paper
information etc and cannot access it remotely. From this issue, the importance of health
care information system that can provide the flexibility and supports remote access to
On the other hand, regarding to Brown et al. (2008) a health care management
system provides an extensive patient record, which helps to make proper diagnoses and
prescribe proper treatments and provides track crucial medical information, insurance
data, consultation history, medications and special conditions, which means improve the
quality of health care and enhance the health care performance by allowing the
physician to diagnose diseases faster and more safely since historical information will
the point of care. Furthermore it provides consolidated reports for all patient records,
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1.6 Research Scope
i. This research is for analyzing and developing a web based integrated system to
ii. This system can be used online through World Wide Web by the users,
iii. The doctor and the nurse can observe the patient health based on the
iv. This system manages the patient appointment and allows the patient to use
However, the patient cannot change the appointment time or date, they have
to see the nurse to do that and the patients are not allowed to booking the
appointment by themselves.
v. Before the patient can use the system, the patient must register through the
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1.7 Organization of Thesis
This research contains seven chapters to cover the entire academic research
requirement. Chapter one covers introduction and background about information system
and how the Information system supports health care and highlights the system
statement.
Chapter two highlights the literature review which is related to what the earlier
researches have done in the aspects of health care information system. Chapter three
highlights the research methodology. This chapter covers the research methods that the
researcher uses to collect data to determine the user requirements needed to develop the
system. Chapter four highlights the case study and data collection. Chapter five covers
the data analysis, finding, developing, implementation and testing. Chapter six covers
all the concepts about the system designing and finally chapter seven highlights the
1.8 Conclusion
This chapter has introduced that the information system use in the health care to
manage the health care information such as patient information, medical information,
appointments etc. and presents the research focus, which is studying many areas (patient
health care management system, because the current health cares are using non
integrated system for managing their information. So, this research aims to develop an
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1.9 Summary
Introduction chapter is the initial chapter that represents the research headline
and research objectives. This chapter starts by presenting health care information system
backgrounds, definitions and importance of information system in the health care. Next
the research focuses on the research area study and the expected outcomes from this
research. Moreover, the scope of this research is about managing the patient information
On the other hand, the problem statement of this research is to analyze how the
current health care centers use the information system for managing patient information
management system. Hence, the significance of this research comes from the
importance of using health care electronic record to provide a complete patient health
records to make proper diagnoses, prescription, and treatments. It is also to track down
all patient information. The next chapter is the literature review of previous studies.