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FM Modulation:
FM Modulation:
Freq deviation: ±75 kHz
FM Modulation:
Freq deviation: ±75 kHz
You can use an aliased analog-digital converter (ADC) provided that the
target band fits entirely between two consecutive multiples of 21 fs .
You can use an aliased analog-digital converter (ADC) provided that the
target band fits entirely between two consecutive multiples of 21 fs .
Lower ADC sample rate ,. Image = undistorted frequency-shifted copy.
DSP and Digital Filters (2017-10178) FM Radio: 14 – 3 / 12
Channel Selection
Polyphase:
1092
Hp (z) has 200 = 6 taps
Polyphase:
1092
Hp (z) has 200 = 6 taps
Complex data × Real Coefficients (needs 2 multiplies per tap)
Polyphase:
1092
Hp (z) has 200 = 6 taps
Complex data × Real Coefficients (needs 2 multiplies per tap)
Multiplication Load:
2 × 80 MHz (freq shift) + 12 × 80 MHz (Hp (z)) = 14 × 80 MHz
cm
g[c] [m] = h[m]ej2π 800
cm
g[c] [m] = h[m]ej2π 800
j2π c(200s+p)
g[c],p [s] = gc [200s + p]= h[200s + p]e 800 [polyphase]
cm
g[c] [m] = h[m]ej2π 800
j2π c(200s+p)
g[c],p [s] = gc [200s + p]= h[200s + p]e 800 [polyphase]
cp
j2π cs j2π 800
= h[200s + p]e 4 e
cm
g[c] [m] = h[m]ej2π 800
j2π c(200s+p)
g[c],p [s] = gc [200s + p]= h[200s + p]e 800 [polyphase]
cp
j2π cs j2π cs
= h[200s + p]e 4 ej2π 800
, h[200s + p]e 4 αp
cm
g[c] [m] = h[m]ej2π 800
j2π c(200s+p)
g[c],p [s] = gc [200s + p]= h[200s + p]e 800 [polyphase]
cp
j2π cs j2π cs
= h[200s + p]e 4 ej2π 800
, h[200s + p]e 4 αp
j2π (4k+l)s
Define f[c],p [s] = h[200s + p]e 4 = j ls h[200s + p]
cm
g[c] [m] = h[m]ej2π 800
j2π c(200s+p)
g[c],p [s] = gc [200s + p]= h[200s + p]e 800 [polyphase]
cp
j2π cs j2π cs
= h[200s + p]e 4 ej2π 800
, h[200s + p]e 4 αp
j2π (4k+l)s
Define f[c],p [s] = h[200s + p]e 4 = j ls h[200s + p]
Although f[c],p [s] is complex it requires only one multiplication per
tap because each tap is either purely real or purely imaginary.
cm
g[c] [m] = h[m]ej2π 800
j2π c(200s+p)
g[c],p [s] = gc [200s + p]= h[200s + p]e 800 [polyphase]
cp
j2π cs j2π cs
= h[200s + p]e 4 ej2π 800
, h[200s + p]e 4 αp
j2π (4k+l)s
Define f[c],p [s] = h[200s + p]e 4 = j ls h[200s + p]
Although f[c],p [s] is complex it requires only one multiplication per
tap because each tap is either purely real or purely imaginary.
Multiplication Load:
cp
6 × 80 MHz (Fp (z)) + 4 × 80 MHz (×ej2π 800 ) = 10 × 80 MHz
DSP and Digital Filters (2017-10178) FM Radio: 14 – 7 / 12
FM Demodulator
We need:
(1) Differentiation filter, D(z)
We need:
(1) Differentiation filter, D(z)
(2) Complex multiply, w[n] × v ∗ [n] (only need ℑ part)
We need:
(1) Differentiation filter, D(z)
(2) Complex multiply, w[n] × v ∗ [n] (only need ℑ part)
(3) Real Divide by |v|2
We need:
(1) Differentiation filter, D(z)
(2) Complex multiply, w[n] × v ∗ [n] (only need ℑ part)
(3) Real Divide by |v|2
1.5 ω0 0
-20
1 |H| (dB)
|H|
-40
0.5 -60 ω0
-80
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
ω (rad/sample) ω (rad/sample)
1.5 ω0 0
-20
1 |H| (dB)
|H|
-40
0.5 -60 ω0
-80
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
ω (rad/sample) ω (rad/sample)
1.5 ω0 0
-20
1 |H| (dB)
|H|
-40
0.5 -60 ω0
-80
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
ω (rad/sample) ω (rad/sample)
• Summary
• Summary (2) low pass filter to ±1 kHz to extract complex pilot at −1 kHz: H(z)
• Summary (2) low pass filter to ±1 kHz to extract complex pilot at −1 kHz: H(z)
jωt 2
= ej2ωt ]
(3) square to double frequency to −2 kHz [ e
• Summary (2) low pass filter to ±1 kHz to extract complex pilot at −1 kHz: H(z)
jωt 2
= ej2ωt ]
(3) square to double frequency to −2 kHz [ e
40 kHz
+j2πn 400
(4) shift spectrum up by 40 kHz: multiply by e kHz
• Summary (2) low pass filter to ±1 kHz to extract complex pilot at −1 kHz: H(z)
jωt 2
= ej2ωt ]
(3) square to double frequency to −2 kHz [ e
40 kHz
+j2πn 400
(4) shift spectrum up by 40 kHz: multiply by e kHz
• Summary (2) low pass filter to ±1 kHz to extract complex pilot at −1 kHz: H(z)
jωt 2
= ej2ωt ]
(3) square to double frequency to −2 kHz [ e
40 kHz
+j2πn 400
(4) shift spectrum up by 40 kHz: multiply by e kHz
• Summary (2) low pass filter to ±1 kHz to extract complex pilot at −1 kHz: H(z)
jωt 2
= ej2ωt ]
(3) square to double frequency to −2 kHz [ e
40 kHz
+j2πn 400
(4) shift spectrum up by 40 kHz: multiply by e kHz
Transition bands:
F (z): 1 → 17 kHz, H(z): 1 → 3 kHz
• Summary (2) low pass filter to ±1 kHz to extract complex pilot at −1 kHz: H(z)
jωt 2
= ej2ωt ]
(3) square to double frequency to −2 kHz [ e
40 kHz
+j2πn 400
(4) shift spectrum up by 40 kHz: multiply by e kHz
Transition bands:
F (z): 1 → 17 kHz, H(z): 1 → 3 kHz, G(z): 2 → 18 kHz
• Summary (2) low pass filter to ±1 kHz to extract complex pilot at −1 kHz: H(z)
jωt 2
= ej2ωt ]
(3) square to double frequency to −2 kHz [ e
40 kHz
+j2πn 400
(4) shift spectrum up by 40 kHz: multiply by e kHz
Transition bands:
F (z): 1 → 17 kHz,H(z): 1 → 3 kHz, G(z): 2 → 18 kHz
∆ω = 0.25 ⇒ M = 68, ∆ω = 0.63 ⇒ 27, ∆ω = 0.25 ⇒ 68
Multiplies:
F and G each: (4 + 2) × 400 kHz
Multiplies:
F and G each: (4 + 2) × 400 kHz, H + x2 : (2 × 28 + 4) × 20 kHz
Multiplies:
F and G each: (4 + 2) × 400 kHz, H + x2 : (2 × 28 + 4) × 20 kHz
Total: 15 × 400 kHz
Multiplies:
F and G each: (4 + 2) × 400 kHz, H + x2 : (2 × 28 + 4) × 20 kHz
Total: 15 × 400 kHz [Full-rate H(z) needs 273 × 400 kHz]