NAME: AMINA ADAMU BAKO

ADM. NO: 1801222

COURSE: PRIMARY EDUCATION
COURSE CODE: G.S.E. 104

INTRODUCTION

By age four, most humans have developed an ability to communicate through oral
language. By age six or seven, most humans can comprehend, as well as express, written
thoughts. These unique abilities of communicating through a native language clearly separate
humans from all animals. The obvious question then arises, where did we obtain this distinctive
trait? Organic evolution has proven unable to elucidate the origin of language and
communication. Knowing how beneficial this ability is to humans, one would wonder why this
skill has not evolved in other species. Materialistic science is insufficient at explaining not only
how speech came about, but also why we have so many different languages. Linguistic research,
combined with neurological studies, has determined that human speech is highly dependent on a
neuronal network located in specific sites within the brain. This intricate arrangement of neurons,
and the anatomical components necessary for speech, cannot be reduced in such a way that one
could produce a “transitional” form of communication.

DEFINITION OF TERM

A language is a system of communication which consists of a set of sounds and written

symbols which are used by the people of a particular country or region for talking or writing.

Also, Language is a system that consists of the development, acquisition, maintenance and use of
complex systems of communication, particularly the human ability to do so; and a language is any
specific example of such a system.

Communication (from Latin commūnicāre, meaning "to share") is the act of

conveying meanings from one entity or group to another through the use of mutually
understood signs and semiotic rules.
DETAILED DISCUSSION

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION

The points given below presents the differences between language and communication in detail:

1. The system of communication which relies on the verbal or non-verbal codes, used in
transferring information, is called Language. The way of interchanging message or
information between two or more people is called communication.

2. A language is a tool of communication, while communication is the process of transferring

message to one another.

3. Language focuses on the signs, symbols and words. Communication lays emphasis on the
message.

4. Before the invention of written words, language was confined to the auditory channels.
However, it can occur in visual, tactile and other sensory channels too. On the other hand,
communication occurs in all the sensory channels.

5. The basics of communication do not change at all. Conversely, daily new words are added
to the dictionary of the language, so it changes every day.

PROPERTIES OF LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION

Human Language and Communication have the following properties:

1. Displacement: Capacity to produce messages that can refer to past and future time, and to
other locations.
2. Arbitrariness: There is no one-to-one correspondence between a linguistic form and its
meaning. Meaning is always arbitrary and maintained by convention.
3. Productivity: The ability to be creative and to produce utterances not heard before.
4. Cultural transmission: Language does not develop automatically if there is no culture to
transmit it to the young members.
5. Discreteness: The sounds used in language are meaningfully distinct and discrete.
 6. Duality: Distinct sounds and distinct meanings. It is one of the most economical features
of human language, since with a limited set of distinct sounds we can produce a very large
number of sound combinations

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION

Language and communication are so closely related that they are almost the same. If we used a
thesaurus to find alternative words for language the top alternative is 'verbal communication',
'words', 'speech' and 'talking'.

Spoken language gives us the ability to communicate in an effective manner and express the direct
meaning we intend. We have more flexibility in our range of communication and while it is
possible to communicate via facial expressions and gestures, we have evolved into complex beings
that have the ability to vocally express ourselves.

 Language

Language is not only a verbal way to communicate but we can also communicate through our body
language and facial expressions; which is a whole language of its own. Body language can be used
to a much more subtle effect and is very often a subconscious revelation of our feelings.

Studying a person's body language can often tell you a great deal about them and can be as
effective, if not more effective, than a spoken conversation. Folded arms or a shoulder turned
slightly away can indicate a reluctance to communicate and can show that someone is
uncomfortable with the conversation or situation.

Open, relaxed body language can be encouraging for other people and can persuade someone to
also relax into a comfortable conversation.
  Communication

We can communicate in the written form which gives us the opportunity to contemplate our
language and thus make sure it is used as effectively as possible. Writing gives us the chance to
think of creative, interesting and heartfelt language that can have much more impact than spoken
language.

With modern technology there are now many more ways of communicating with people. We
communicate via text messages, emails, social media, voicemails and instant messaging. It gives
us the opportunity to communicate with people all around the globe and remain in contact with
people 24/7

Conclusion

So with the above explanation, it is quite clear that communication has a wider scope than
language, as the former covers the latter. Language is the essence of communication, without
which, it cannot exist

REFERENCE

https://keydifferences.com/difference-between-language-and-communication.html

http://www.answers.com/Q/Relationships_between_communication_and_language

Wood, F. T. An Outline History of the English Language. Macmillan, 2006.