Maria Rafaela V. Pelagio 9-Alpha BIOLOGY Ms. Fabon Aug.

7, 2018
1. What is pedigree?
 A pedigree chart is an important tool in tracing the occurrence of a particular trait or
disease in a family across generations.
 It is often used in genetic counselling for determining whether the condition is dominant
or recessive.
2. Symbols used in pedigree chart

Male

Female

Male with trait

Female with trait

Mating

Offspring, in birth order (first

born on left)

Identical twins

Non-identical twins

Deceased

Double lines represents

consanguineous union
Maria Rafaela V. Pelagio 9-Alpha BIOLOGY Ms. Fabon Aug. 7, 2018
3. Example of Pedigree Chart

II

1 2 3 4 1 2 3

III
1 2 3

IV
1 2 3

Description: Autosomal recessive pattern-Albinism

 Appears in both sexes with equal frequency
 Two unaffected parents can have an affected child
 All the children of two persons with the condition must also show the
condition
 The trait tends to skip generations
 Over a large number of pedigrees, there are approximately equal numbers of
affected females and males.
 Examples include cystic fibrosis, Thalassemia, Tay-Sachs disease,
Phenylketonuria, Red hair color

References
Dela Cruz, S. B. (2003). Biology. Quezon City: Phoenix.
https://www.biologyexams4u.com/2013/10/pedigree-chart-autosomal-
recessive.html#.W2hhVCgzbIV