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Description No
No
1.0 Introduction 01
1.0 Introduction.
The Hindustan Constructional Company Limited (hereinafter referred to as the HCC) has
been Entrusted with the construction of the proposed bridge No. 02 across Ancha Nallah
respectively by M/S IRCON International Limited (hereinafter referred to as the IRCON)
along Dharam-Qazigund Section of USBRL Project, J&K (under package 2, 3, 4&5). M/S
HCC have taken the services of Space Engineers Consortium Pvt Ltd. for carrying out
Geotechnical Investigation for this proposed bridge site under Work order No HCC ENG
106 B 02 007 Dated 29th January 2018.The Investigation of 02 bore holes located at piers
P6 and P10 of bridge No.2 have been completed during April 2018.This report includes
results of geological logs of boreholes, Standard Penetration Test (SPT) besides geological
studies around the tunnel T-49 alignment area.
Brief details
The tunnel T-49 is part of the USBRL railway line project in Northern India, in the state
of Jammu & Kashmir. Its length is approx. 10 km. Its section is typical for an Indian
mountain railway line: single track main tunnel with parallel escape tunnel. Its gradient is
approx. 1%. After the initial part of civil design and 3 years of supervision, the Client
assigned the electromechanical design to Lombardi. With the experience gathered in the
neighboring tunnel T-48, the E&M standard can be respected for an homogeneous design.
Its length and its gradient, with the portals on two different sides of a local ridge, the
requirements are for a dedicated ventilation concept in case of current operation.
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Item
Item Description Unit Qty.
No.
Mobilization
Mobilization of necessary equipment, drilling rigs,
tools and tackles, men and materials to the site and
all services and demobilization on completion of the Lump
1 1
work (Sufficient Hydraulic rigs in working condition sum
shall be mobilized to complete the Drilling within
specified time period)
Per Borehole
2 Shifting and setting of Drilling rig at Bore hole location 21
location
Drilling of Nx size (76mm diameter) boreholes in all
types of Soil and overburden strata / Soft Ground
3 Rm 216
without core recovery inclusive of driving of
casing up to the overburden depth
a NGL up to 20m Rm. 179
b Beyond 20m Rm 37
Drilling of Nx size (76mm diameter) boreholes in all
types of Soil and overburden strata / Soft Ground
4 Rm. 216
with core recovery and inclusive of driving of
casing up to the overburden
b Beyond 20m Rm 36
c Conducting Permeability test Falling head method Nos. 25
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8 Report Preparation
Preparation and submission of 03 copies of
Lump
a Geotechnical Investigation Report. Combined report 1
sum
for Bridge No. 2 and Bridge No. 3.
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3.1 The proposed Bridge No 02 across Ancha Nallah is located at Sumbar village along
Dharam-Qazigund Section of USBRL Project in Ramban District of Jammu province
of J&K State. The proposed Bridge No2 is approximately 448.8mtrs in length
supported on 10piers and 02 abutments each with a span of 40.8m.The Nallahs
passes through the mountainous terrains and the Bridges passes at an elevation of
around 1416mtrs. Refer to Plate-I for sectional view of the proposed Bridge No.2
site.
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The details of borehole locations marked on ground by the Engineer In-charge of HCC
are given in Plate-I and Table 1.
Bore Depth of
Location
Bridge. Collar
No
Hole Bore hole elevation(m) R.L(m) Remarks
No (m) Easting Northing
Location
P6 38 1408.096 510603.993 3684197.451 1407.996
marked on
2
ground by
P10 43 1408.71 510748.673 3684272.962 1408.61
HCC
representative
The investigation was planned to obtain the subsurface stratification in the proposed
project site and collect overburden / bed rock samples for laboratory testing to determine
the engineering properties besides engineering classification of the subsurface stratum.
a) The drilling fluid used was clean water to avoid contamination. Circulation of drilling
fluid was used before the core barrel reached to the bottom of the hole to prevent cuttings
or sludge from entering the core barrel at the start of coring. In order to collect the sludge
/ rock cuttings, drilling fluid were circulated continuously down the hollow rods.
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e) If at any time blocking of the bit or grinding of the core was observed, the core barrel was
immediately withdrawn from the drill hole regardless of the length of drill run completed.
a) During drilling operations, the colour of return water was regularly monitored and
sediments carried were keenly observed so as to determine change in the lithology and
physical properties of formations.
b) The depth & rate of penetration was monitored to ascertain the depth at which marked
change in rate of penetration or sudden fall of drill rod occurred, the depth at which any
blockage of drill bit causing core loss if any was encountered.
c) Any heavy vibration or torque noticed during drilling was recorded together with the
depth of occurrence.
d) Special conditions like the depth at which grouting was done during drilling, presence of
artesian conditions, loss of drilling fluid, observation of gas discharge with return water
etc were also monitored
e) During drilling operation, observation on return water, rate of penetration etc shall be
recorded.
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When the number of blows exceeded 50 to penetrate the first or second 15 cms length of
the sampler, the SPT N is regarded as more than 100. The test is terminated in such case
and a record of penetration of the sampler under 50 blows or more is made. SPT refusal is
recorded when there is no penetration of the sampler at any stage and also when a
rebound of the sounding system is recorded.
SPT ‘N’ values are correlated with relative density of non-cohesive stratum and with
consistency of cohesive stratum.
Hard Above 32
Disturbed overburden samples collected in the SPT sampler are preserved in polythene
covers and transported to the laboratory. One more polythene cover is provided to prevent
the loss of moisture during the transit period.
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Immediately after withdrawal from the core barrel, the cores samples were placed in a
tray and transferred into boxes specially prepared for the purpose. The core boxes were
made from G I sheet .The details of drill hole along with details of core run were
recorded on core boxes. After core logging the data was recorded for future use.
Bore hole logs are given in Annexure I and are summarized in table 4
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The general trend of the rocks is NW-SE having dip towards NE direction. Murree Thrust
marks the tectonic contact between Tertiary and Pre-Tertiary rocks comprising meta
volcano-sedimentary of Lesser Himalayan terrain. It is thought to be an autochthonus
folded belt of tightly compressed and recumbent anticline varying in width upto about 7
kms. It lies between the Murree Group of the foreland and the Salkhal ameta sediments of
the Kashmir nappe. Its outer boundary is the Murree Thrust, which has brought the rocks
of this para autocthonous folded belt over the Murree Group.
The northern boundary is marked by the Panjal Thrust/ main central Thrust, a low angle
plane almost parallel to Murree Thrust, which has brought the entire Tethyan Himalayan
Phanerozoic succession of Kashmir along with its crystalline basement over the Lesser
Himalayan Belt. The Lesser Himalayan Belt extends up to north of Digdaul from where
the Phanerozoic succession of Kashmir nappe with basement of Salkhalas starts (Agarwal
and Agrawal, 2005). Overriding the rocks of Parautochthonous belt along Panjal thrust,
Salkhala Group of rocks occur, as a narrow belt in Digdaul- Sildhar - Rajgarh section,
comprising of thick sequence of schistose quartzites, phyllite, and schists intruded by
granodiorite-diorite, gabbro, pegmatites and basic rocks. These are uncomfortably
overlain with Ramsu Formation comprising of highly compressed sequence of
pyritiferous, carbonaceous Phyllitic Quartizites, dolomitic crystalline, siliceous limestone,
quartzite, phyllite and basic rocks and are in turn uncomfortably overlain with the
limestone, marl quartzite, Phyllitic Quartizite lithology of Syringothyris Limestone
Formation, and in turn are overland with Fenestella Shales Formation and Agglomeratic
Phyllitic Quartizite Formation exposed in the hill slopes south of Banihal Pass and Panjal
Volcanic Formation exposed in the Banihal tunnel.
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Fig. 1 Outline geological map of the Himalayan Mountain Belt showing its major
tectonic subdivisions across the range.
North of Banihal Tunnel the folded Triassic limestone along with minor Jurassic shale
beds are exposed in the section upto Qazigund. Quaternary sediments represented by
Karewas Formation are exposed beyond Qazigund towards north upto Srinagar in
Kashmir. Table showing Stratigraphic sequence (based on GSI Special Pub. 26, 1989) is
given below table 2:
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5.1.1 Phyllitic Quartizites/Phyllites exposures constitute bed rock in the area, in the right and
left banks of Nallah. At bridge site bed rock outcrops are exposed in the river bed right
bank. Phyllites thinly foliated with occasional Quartzite bands are commonly met with &
ptygmatic folding is pronounced. The thick sequence of meta sediments exposed are
compact to blocky, with moderate to weak strength. Occasionally micro to macro qtz
veins is traversing the formations & gives it more compactness. The weathering grade is
slightly to moderately weathered. On the regional scale they are placed as Precambrians
and in the proximity theses rocks are separated from the Murries formation by a thrust
called Murree Thrust &from Salkhlas by Panjal Thrust. These thrust, close proximately
have impact on the Bridge components.The joints, partially open to wide with variable
spacing, arecriss cross in nature. The multiple joints have rendered the rocks very blocky
to disturbed and susceptible to rock fall at some locations in the area. The rock mass
consists of Phyllitic Quartizite/phyllite& quartzite interbedded with carbonaceous phyllite.
Presence of quartzite has also been detected.
These lithounits mostly conceal the older terraces & bed rock. The debris is made of
angular to sub-angular components embedded in clayey matrix mostly compact, whereas
the rock fall being mostly thin and loose in nature. The strata are made of pre-existing
lithounits.
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This material is of Recent to Sub Recent origin and is occupied by the Ancha Nallah. And
nallah material comprises of rounded to sub-rounded boulders, pebbles, cobbles
associated with sand and silt. The river terraces are fresh brought by the fluvial processes
& are pervious in nature.
borehole(m)
Depth wise
inclination
Bore hole
lithology
depth(m)
Bed rock
Borehole
Location
Depth of
No
Sr. No
Note: OB (Overburden) i.e., gravel, pebble, cobble, boulder in silty sand matrix
BR (Bed Rock)
From the perusal of the core log data, following observations were made to revel the
subsurface Geology.
This material is of Recent to Sub Recent origin and nallah material comprises of rounded
to sub-rounded boulders, pebbles, cobbles associated with sand and silt. The river terraces
are fresh brought by the fluvial processes & are pervious in nature.
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The bed rock comprises Dolomitic Phyllitic Quartizite. This unit covers the entire project
area and is often exposed or concealed under overburden of varying thickness. The
megascopic examination reveals that the rocks mass is moderately weathered to fresh
(W2-W0). The depth of weathering is anticipated is deep which is reflected from the joint
planes. Dark Grey Coloured slightly weathered, Blocky to very blocky/sheared, medium
strong to weak Phyllitic Quartizites & interbedded occasional bands Greyish coloured
slightly weathered to fresh, fine to coarse grained Quartzite. Phyllitic Quartizite mostly of
very blocky/blocky nature as the foliation planes & joint are closely spaced.
BH-P6
Overburden from 0.00m to 15.00m drilling depth consisting Angular to sub angular
pebbles, cobbles & Boulders of dark coloured slate & light grey Phyllitic Quartzite. Bed
rock from 15.00m to 43.00m drilling depth consisting Light grey to darkish colored,
slightly to moderately weathered, medium strong to weak phyllitic quartzite with
occasional bands of slate.
2 1-15m Slope Debris Angular to sub angular pebbles, cobbles & Boulders
of dark coloured slate & light grey Phyllitic
Quartzite.
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BH-P10
This bore-hole has been drilled vertical to a depth of 38.0 mts, from ground level at RL -
1407.996. The foundation level at this location is at 1391.996. The bed rock comprising
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Light grey to darkish colored, slightly to moderately weathered, medium strong to weak
phyllitic quartzite with occasional bands of slate. Rock mass is slightly to moderately
weathered. Two plus sets of joints have blocky /very blocky the rock mass. The core
recovery in bed rock is of the order of 30 to 98% and R. Q. D. is NIL to 34%. The partial
is observed from 0.00 to 22.00m& complete water loss has been observed from 22-38.
00m.The bore is cased up to 29.00m & from 29.00 -38.00m remains uncased indicates
weakness of the slope debris & rock mass. The penetration rate varies in slope debris
from 17-43mm/min & in bed rock from 13-18mm/min . The fracture frequency is over
15/m to 15-8/m. The ground water table has met at 16.15m drilling depthThe expected
foundation media is very blocky/blocky, medium strong to weak PhylliteQuarzitic.
This bore-hole has been drilled vertical to a depth of 43.0 mts, from ground level at RL –
1408.61. The bed rock comprising Light grey to darkish colored, slightly to moderately
weathered, medium strong to weak phyllitic quartzite with occasional bands of slate.
Rock mass is slightly to moderately weathered. Two plus sets of joints have blocky /very
blocky the rock mass. The core recovery in bed rock is of the order of 40 to 96% and R.
Q. D. is NIL to 45%. The partial is observed from 0.00 to 22.00m & complete water loss
has been observed from 22- 38. 00m.The bore is cased up to 24.00m & from 24.00 -
43.00m remains uncased indicates weakness of the slope debris & rock mass. The
penetration rate varies in slope debris from 17-25mm/min & in bed rock from 17-
25mm/min. The fracture frequency is over 15/m to 15-8/m.The ground water table has
met not upto drilling depth. The expected foundation media is very blocky/blocky,
medium strong to weak phyllitic quartzite with occasional bands of dark coloured
slate/phyllite.
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6.5 Seismicity
6.5.1 Seismo tectonic studies on the Himalayas and Parsons et al., 2006; have revealed
that some segments of the Himalayan mountain belt have not experienced major
and great earthquakes in the past 100 years or so though they have the potential to
generate large earthquakes (Gahalaut. 2006). Based on the earthquake occurrence
and their locations along the Himalayas, three main seismic gaps/segments have
been Identified in the Himalaya; Assam gap (1950 Assam and 1934 Bihar- Nepal
earthquakes), Central gap (1905 Kangra and 1934 Bihar—Nepal earthquakes) and
Kashmir gap (1905 west of the Kangra earthquake) (Khattari, 1987; Seeber and
Armbruster, 1981). These gaps are also considered as the future locations of major
and great earthquakes. The study area lies towards Southeast of Kashmir seismic
gap.
6.5.2 The seismic activity in the area is attributed to the active nature of Murree Thrust,
Panjal Thrust and other deep faults present in the area. Themicro earthquake data
(given in subsequent section) suggests that the area is seismically active. Seismic
hazard map of the Jammu and Kashmir is given in Plate 2. Accordingly the study
area falls within Zone V of seismic map of India. It is therefore important to
consider seismicity while designing the civil structure as per zone-V.
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Plate 2
6.5.3 Massive landslides and catastrophic mass movements are a regular affair in the
Himalayas and related high ranges. The Himalaya, with the greatest relief and steep
slopes on the earth, has high magnitude landslides. Landslide hazard map given in
Plate -3 reveals that the study area is prone to landslides.
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Plate 3
SI.
Test Designation Standard Codes
No
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7.2.5 Saturated Moisture Content, Unit Weight, Specific Gravity and Porosity of Rock
specimen were determined for rock samples by using saturation and buoyancy technique,
in accordance with the methods of IS:13030.
7.2.6 Test Point load Index tests were performed on selected rock lump and rock specimen, not
amenable to UCS test, in accordance with the method suggested by IS: 8764 (1978) and
International Society for Rock Mechanics.
7.2.7 Uniaxial compressive strength for cylindrical rock specimens was determined in
accordance with the methods of ISRM. The uniaxial compressive strength of the
specimen was corrected for a height to diameter ratio of two for specimens whose height
to diameter ratio was other than two using the following relationship:
Where,
qc = Uncorrected Uniaxial Compressive Strength
D = Diameter of the specimen tested
H = Height of the Specimen Tested
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m3= Mass in g of the container with its lid and the sample after drying
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g) The sample is removed from the immersion bath and surface dry the sample with a moist
cloth, care being taken to remove only surface water and to ensure that no rock fragment
are lost. The sample is transferred to the sample container and replace the lid. The mass,
M4, of the saturated surface dry sample plus container is determined.
h) The lid is removed and place the container with contents and lid in the oven and dry at
105 & 3°C. The sample is deemed to be dry when the difference between successive
determination of mass of the cooled sample at interval of 4 hours does not exceed 0.1
percent of the original mass of the sample.
i) Replacing the lid, remove the container from the oven and place the whole in the
desiccator to cool for 30 minutes.
k) The dried mass, M5, of the container with the oven dry sample is determined.
Calculations
a) Calculate the saturated-submerged mass,
Msub, of the sample
Msub= M2 – M1 (kg)
g) Calculate the dry density, Pa, of the rock sample by the following formula:
Pd = (Ms) (kg/m3)
V
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The ability of spherical seat to rotate freely shall be checked before each test. The
surfaces of the two bearing discs and the test specimen shall be wiped clean. The
specimen shall be kept on the lower disc. The axis of the specimen shall be carefully
aligned with the centre of the thrust of the spherical seat. As the load is gradually brought
to bear on the specimen, the movable portion of the spherically seated disc shall be
adjusted to ensure uniform seating. Load on the specimen shall be applied continuously at
a constant stress rate such that failure will take place in about 5 to 15 minutes of loading.
Alternatively, the stress rate shall be within the limits of 0.5 MPa/s to 1 MPa/s. The
maximum load on the specimen shall be recorded in N within 1 Percent accuracy. The
number of specimens to be tested should be determined from practical considerations.
CALCULATION
The unconfined compressive strength of the specimen shall be calculated by dividing the
maximum load carried by the specimen during the test, by the average original cross-
sectional area.
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8.1 The sub-surface in general is based on Boreholes drilled at P6 and P10 locations
respectively is comprises of Metamorphic rock-Phyllitic Quartizites of different alterations
underlying colluvium (Pebbles , Cobbles , Boulders of Phyllitic Quartizite, Schists with
sandy matrix). The thickness of colluviums( gravel, boulder, pebble, cobble,) ranges from 8
to 15 mtrs in pier locations .The drilling through bed rock of Phyllitic Quartizite has shown
RQD nil to 45. The rock mass rating (RMR) is found to of poor to fair class.
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Ttable -3
Parameters P6 P10
Over burden in (m) 15.0 8.0
Porosity %
Under progress
Water absorption %
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Borehole No : P6
Drilling Depth 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38
UCS Rating 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
RQD Rating 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 3 3 3 3 3
Spacing of discontinuities 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 10 8 8 8 8 8
Persistance discontinuities 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Condition of
Aperture 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Roughness 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Infilling 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
Weathering 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
Ground water conditions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 40 47 40 40 40 40 40
Adjustment strike and dip -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7
orientation
RMR Value 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 33 40 33 33 33 33 33
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Bore Hole No P 10
Drilling Depth 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43
UCS Rating 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
RQD Rating 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 10 3 3 3 8 3 8 8 3
Spacing of
discontinuities 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
Persistance 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
discontinuities
Condition of
Aperture 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Roughness 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Infilling 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
Weathering 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
Ground water
conditions 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15
53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 55 55 55 62 55 55 55 60 55 60 60 55
Adjustment strike
and dip -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7
orientation
RMR Value 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 48 48 48 55 48 48 48 53 48 53 53 48
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The subsurface in general at all the borehole locations can be considered as sedimentary
formations comprising of Boulders, gravel, cobble with sandy matrix The overlying
Phyllitic Quartizites of different alterations over burden material neither falls in rocks
nor under soil and the investigation for establishing design parameters in such materials
have be carried out in accordance with IS: 10042whichnecessities conducting in situplate
load tests, blocks hear tests and in-situ density measurements. Such types of deposits be
have peculiarly, initially these materials upon loadings how rapid increase in settlement
and beyond about 1% settlement with increasing loads the rate of settlement decreases.
This is primarily due to the fact that unlike ordinary soils these materials show initial
rapid compression and once particle to particle contact gets established the compression
decrease considerably with load carrying function mainly be in taken over by the larger
sized particles. Figure-2ofIS:10042 bring out this behavior clearly.
The material that is met with at the proposed bridge site is somewhat similar to that is
reported in Figure-2 of IS: 10042 which is reproduced below for reference and better
understanding.
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It is observed from the afore said figure that settlement ratio (ratio of settlement observed
in the case of large size to settlement of small size) increases with the increase in size of
test plate. In accordance with IS:1888 for permissible settlement of 25mm for shallow
foundation of 8mx8msize,the allowable bearing capacity of gravel boulder is evaluated
from Figure-2 corresponding to settlement of plate as per equation Sp=Sf
[B(Bp+0.3)/Bp(B+0.3)]² =17.22mm. For settlement of 17.22mm,the allowable bearing
capacity works out to be 4.2kg/cm2or42t/m2. On the other hand, Teng’s modified
allowable bearing capacity for gravelly soils for 25mm settlement given by
q25=3.35xCb(N-3)[(B+0.3)/2B]2dwdf (in which Cb=constant=2 for gravelly soil sand dw
&dfare water table reduction factor and depth factor respectively) .With depth factor df
limited to 1.23 for foundation depth of 8m and water table correction factor as 0.5,the net
allowable bearing capacity for 25mm permissible settlement works out to be 52.11
t/m²for 8m dia well with depth of foundation at 8m.However the gross allowable bearing
capacity shall be limited to (42+8)=50t/m2.
Under shear consideration for Ø = 34o, the safe bearing capacity in accordance with IS
6403 the safe bearing capacity works out to be greater than 100t/m2 for width of 8m.
8 42 50 67 75
8 P10
10 41 49 65 73
8 42 57 67 82
15 P6
10 41 56 65 80
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1. As per IS code 10042 it is not reliable to believe on the laboratory tests of disturbed
samples, as the natural arrangements of the grains and matrix material are never achieved
by recompaction the best results are obtained by properly chosen field test.
2. We opine to use the aforesaid values limiting the net bearing capacity values for well
foundation to 100t/m2 or the values given above whichever is lower ensuring at least
0.5m embedment in rock subject to the condition that rock type available at site same as
given in the reference boreholes.
4 Adequate protective measures for the abutment slopes may be suitably provided during
construction stage at the proposed bridge sites.
5. The detailed geological mapping may be carried out to delineate the different geological
formation and related problems likely to be encountered during the construction stage.
The Bridge sites lie in seismic zone V (IS 1893 Part-1) 2002 for adopting suitable seismic
coefficient for civil engineering structures in the area
6. Indian railway standard code of practice for the design of structure and design of bridges
(Revised 1985) may be adopted for the design of bridge.
Consultant
Space Engineers Consortium Pvt. Ltd
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GEOLOGICAL LOG OF DRILL HOLE
HOLE NO.
P6
SHEET NO.:
1 of 2
PROJECT : USBRL Project CHAINAGE:-
BEARING OF HOLE (Degree) Verticle CO-ORDINATES:- 510603.993 E,3684197.451N FEATURE P6 (BR-2)
COLLAR ELEVATION (m) 1408.096 90
ANGLE WITH HORIZONTAL(degree) TOTAL DEPTH (m) 38.00
GROUND ELEVATION(m) 1407.996 TYPE(S) OF CORE BARREL Triple Tube
STARTED : 22.03.2018 COMPLETED 02.04.2018 DRILLING AGENCY : SECL Srinagar
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Fracture Frequency / m
Interpreted %age of
Interpreted %age of
Special
Penetration Rate
Observations and
80.00 - 100.00
75 to 150 mm
20.00 - 39.99
40.00 - 59.99
60.00 - 79.99
rock fragments
10 to 25 mm
25 to 75 mm
Test section
0.00 - 19.99
Size of hole
interpretations /
mm/s OR
Description
Depth (m)
Description
Type of Bit
matrix (fine)
LUGEON
Complete
(mm/min)
>150 mm
In figures
Weathering Grade
< 10 mm
RQD(%)
N-Value
Casing
Partial
15-30
30-45
0-15
Log
Log
Reddish colored soft
_ _ _ _ _ 100 _ 33
1.00 clay contains pebbles.
1406.996
_ _ 2 _ _ _ _ 16 43
1405.996 2.00
_ 1 2 _ _ _ _ 21 25
1404.996 3.00
_ _ 3 _ _ _ _ 40 33
1403.996 4.00
_ _ 4 _ _ _ _ 30 25
1402.996 5.00
Slope Debris (Colliuvum)
_ _ 3 _ _ _ _ 34 22
1401.996 6.00
Not Applicable
Angular to sub _ _ 3 1 _ _ _ 35 20
Overburden
1400.996 7.00
angular pebbles,
cobbles & _ _ 2 _ _ _ _ 35 25
1399.996 8.00
Boulders of dark
colored slate & _ _ 6 _ _ _ _ 33 22
1398.996 9.00
light grey Phyllitic
Quartzite. _ _ 2 _ _ _ _ 30 20
1397.996 10.00
_ _ 1 _ _ _ _ 30 17
Partial
1396.996 11.00
_ _ 3 _ _ _ _ 31 18
1395.996 12.00
_ _ 1 _ _ _ _ 40 17
1394.996 13.00
_ _ 3 _ _ _ _ 30 17
1393.996 14.00
NX
_ _ 6 _ _ _ _ 33 20
1392.996 15.00
Very Very
_ _ 9 1 _ _ _ blocky/distu blocky/d 67 NIL 17
1391.996 16.00 rbed isturbed
16.15
Very Very
_ _ 5 2 _ _ _ blocky/distu blocky/d 45 NIL 18
1390.996 17.00 rbed isturbed
IMP(Nx size) Diamond Bit
Very Very
_ _ 9 1 _ _ _ blocky/distu blocky/d 50 NIL 17
1389.996 18.00 rbed isturbed
Core Samples
Very Very
_ _ 1 1 _ _ _ blocky/distu blocky/d 40 NIL 17
19.00
NX
Page 36
GEOLOGICAL LOG OF DRILL HOLE
HOLE NO.
P10
SHEET NO.:
1 of 2
PROJECT : USBRL Project CHAINAGE:-
BEARING OF HOLE (Degree) Verticle CO-ORDINATES:- 510748.673 E, 3684272.962N FEATURE P10 (Br-2)
COLLAR ELEVATION (m) 1408.71 90
ANGLE WITH HORIZONTAL(degree) TOTAL DEPTH (m) 43.00
GROUND ELEVATION(m) 1408.61 TYPE(S) OF CORE BARREL Triple Tube
STARTED : 04.04.2018 COMPLETED 26.04.2018 DRILLING AGENCY : Arihant Drilling (P) Ltd.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Fracture Frequency / m
Interpreted %age of
Interpreted %age of
Special
Penetration Rate
Observations and
80.00 - 100.00
75 to 150 mm
20.00 - 39.99
40.00 - 59.99
60.00 - 79.99
rock fragments
10 to 25 mm
25 to 75 mm
Test section
0.00 - 19.99
Size of hole
interpretations /
mm/s OR
Description
Depth (m)
Description
Type of Bit
matrix (fine)
LUGEON
Complete
(mm/min)
>150 mm
In figures
Weathering Grade
< 10 mm
RQD(%)
N-Value
HX Casing
Partial
15-30
30-45
0-15
Log
Log
22
1.000 1.00
22 20
2
2.000 2.00
Slope Debris (Colliuvum)
3.000 3.00
Not Applicable
subangular,pebbl
Overburden
23 18
es,cobbles &
2
4.000 4.00
boulders of
14 17
Partial
Phyllitic Quartzite
1
5.000 5.00
& Slate/Phyllite
16 20
1
6.000 6.00
27 18
3
7.000 7.00
35 18
3
8.000 8.00
Very blocky Very blocky
/disrturbed /disrturbed
40 NIL 17
5
9.000 9.00
Very blocky Very blocky
/disrturbed /disrturbed
70 NIL 20
7
10.000 10.00
Very blocky Very blocky
/disrturbed /disrturbed
43 NIL 33
4
11.000 11.00
Very blocky Very blocky
/disrturbed /disrturbed
49 NIL 18
5
12.000 12.00
NX
Very blocky Very blocky
/disrturbed /disrturbed
45 NIL 17
3
13.000 13.00
Very blocky Very blocky
/disrturbed /disrturbed
43 NIL 17
0
1
14.000 14.00
Very blocky Very blocky
/disrturbed /disrturbed
54 11 17
4
1
15.000 15.00
Very blocky Very blocky
/disrturbed /disrturbed
56 NIL 18
3
2
16.000 16.00
Very blocky Very blocky
Light grey /disrturbed /disrturbed
41 NIL 20
IMP(Nx size) Diamond Core Bit
3
17.000 17.00
IMP(Nx Size) Diamond Core Bit.
18.000 18.00
Core Samples
weathered,
Very blocky Very blocky
Not Met
19.000 19.00
to weak
Very blocky Very blocky
PHYLLITIC /disrturbed /disrturbed
43 NIL 17
5
20.000 20.00
QUARTZITE
Very blocky Very blocky
with occasional
Over 15
/disrturbed /disrturbed
44 NIL 20
4
21.000 21.00
bands of darked
Very blocky Very blocky
coloured /disrturbed /disrturbed
63 NIL 17
22.000 22.00 SLATE/PHYLLIT 6.00
E Very blocky
/disrturbed
Very blocky
/disrturbed
50 NIL 20
6
23.000 23.00
Complete
24.000 24.00
Very blocky Very blocky
/disrturbed /disrturbed
54 NIL 20
3
2
25.000 25.00
Very blocky Very blocky
/disrturbed /disrturbed
72 NIL 17
4
2
26.000 26.00
Very blocky Very blocky
/disrturbed /disrturbed
75 NIL 17
7
27.000 27.00
Very blocky Very blocky
94 NIL 15
11
/disrturbed /disrturbed
28.000 28.00
Very blocky Very blocky
74 NIL 17
12
/disrturbed /disrturbed
29.000 29.00
Very blocky Very blocky
/disrturbed /disrturbed
66 NIL 17
7
30.000 30.00
Very blocky Very blocky
/disrturbed /disrturbed
41 NIL 25
3
31.000 31.00
NIL
32.000 32.00
Blocky to very Blocky to
blocky very blocky
62 NIL 18
Light grey
4
33.000 33.00
colored, slightly Blocky to very Blocky to
96 NIL 15
12
35.000 35.00
grained Blocky to very Blocky to
96 21 17
PHYLLITIC blocky very blocky
6
4
36.000 36.00
Over 15
38.000 38.00
Page 37
GEOLOGICAL LOG OF DRILL HOLE
HOLE NO. P10
SHEET NO.: 2 of 2
PROJECT : USBRL Project CHAINAGE:-
BEARING OF HOLE (Degree) Verticle CO-ORDINATES:- 510748.673 E, 3684272.962N FEATURE P10 (Br-2)
COLLAR ELEVATION (m) 1408.71 90
ANGLE WITH HORIZONTAL(degree) TOTAL DEPTH (m) 43.00
GROUND ELEVATION(m) 1408.61 TYPE(S) OF CORE BARREL Triple Tube
STARTED : 04.04.2018 COMPLETED 26.04.2018 DRILLING AGENCY : SECL Srinagar
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Size of core Structural Drill Water SPT-Number of
Lithology Ratio Percent Core Recovery (%) Loss Permeability
pieces (In No's) Condition Blows
Fracture Frequency / m
Interpreted %age of
Special
Interpreted %age of
Penetration Rate
Observations and
80.00 - 100.00
75 to 150 mm
rock fragments
20.00 - 39.99
40.00 - 59.99
60.00 - 79.99
10 to 25 mm interpretations /
25 to 75 mm
Test section
0.00 - 19.99
Size of hole
mm/s OR
Depth (m)
Description
Description
Type of Bit
matrix (fine)
Weathering Grade
LUGEON
(mm/min)
Complete
>150 mm
In figures
< 10 mm
RQD(%)
N-Value
Casing
Partial
15-30
30-45
0-15
Log
Log
15-8
Blocky to very Blocky to
39.000 39.00
Over
15
Light grey colored, Blocky Blocky 68 12 17
Core samples
6
1
40.000 40.00
Complete
slightly weathered,
Not Met
medium strong to
NIL
NX
Blocky Blocky 61 26 15
weak fine grained
15-8
3
3
41.000 41.00
PHYLLITIC
QUARTZITE Blocky Blocky 74 28 15
6
2
42.000 42.00
Over
15
Blocky Blocky 70 10 15
6
1
43.000 43.00
Phyllitic Quartzite
Page 38
Space Engineers Consortium Private Limited
Ist Floor, Alfarooq Building Jawahar Nagar, Srinagar
Annexure-II
Photographs of Core boxes
BH No P6
Project : USBRL
Client : HCC
Agency : Space Engineers Consortium Private Limited
BH No : P6
Bridge No : 02
Box No : 01 (One)
Depth : 0.00 m o 16.0 m
Project : USBRL
Client : HCC
Agency : Space Engineers Consortium Private Limited
BH No : P6
Bridge No : 02
Box No : 02 (Two)
Depth : 16.0 m to 24.0m
SUBMITTED
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Annexure-II
Project : USBRL
Client : HCC
Agency : Space Engineers Consortium Private Limited
BH No : P6
Bridge No : 02
Box No : 03 (Three)
Depth : 24.0m to 30.0m
Project : USBRL
Client : HCC
Agency : Space Engineers Consortium Private Limited
BH No : P6
Bridge No : 02
Box No : 04 (Four)
Depth : 30.0m to 35.0m
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HCC Limited
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Annexure-II
Project : USBRL
Client : HCC
Agency : Space Engineers Consortium Private Limited
BH No : P6
Bridge No : 02
Box No : 05 (Five)
Depth : 35.0m to 38.0m
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Annexure-II
BH No P10
Project : USBRL
Client : HCC
Agency : Space Engineers Consortium Private Limited
BH No : P10
Bridge No : 02
Box No : 01 (One)
Depth : 0.00 m to 13.0 m
Project : USBRL
Client : HCC
Agency : Space Engineers Consortium Private Limited
BH No : P10
Bridge No : 02
Box No : 02 (Two)
Depth : 13.0 m to 22.0 m
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Annexure-II
Project : USBRL
Client : HCC
Agency : Space Engineers Consortium Private Limited
BH No : P10
Bridge No : 02
Box No : 03 (Three)
Depth : 22.0 m to 30.0 m
Project : USBRL
Client : HCC
Agency : Space Engineers Consortium Private Limited
BH No : P10
Bridge No : 02
Box No : 04 (Four)
Depth : 30.0 m to 37.0 m
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Annexure-II
Project : USBRL
Client : HCC
Agency : Space Engineers Consortium Private Limited
BH No : P10
Bridge No : 02
Box No : 05 (Five)
Depth : 38.0 m to 43.0 m
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Annexure-III
Sample Calculation
For well dia 8m
For permissible settlement of 25mm and Bf=8m and Bp=1.2m
Sp/Sf=(Bp(Bf+0.3)/Bf(Bp+0.3))2
Sp=(1.2(8+0.3)/8(1.2+0.3))2 x 25
Sp=17.22mm
qa=3.35xCb(N-3)((B+0.3)/2B)2dwdf
dw=0.5+0.5wB/D
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Annexure-III
Sample Calculation
For well dia 10m
For permissible settlement of 25mm and Bf=10m and Bp=1.2m
Sp/Sf=(Bp(Bf+0.3)/Bf(Bp+0.3))2
Sp=(1.2(10+0.3)/10(1.2+0.3))2 x 25
Sp=16.97mm
Corresponding to settlement of 16.97mm ,a stress of 4.1kg/cm2 is obtained from IS
10042-1981 Fig 2 . So the qa for 25mm permissible settlement is 41t/m2 .
qa=3.35xCb(N-3)((B+0.3)/2B)2dwdf
dw=0.5+0.5wB/D
w= depth of water table below footing
df=1+Df/B<2
For 20m deep foundation df=1.23
Cb for gravely soil=2
qa=3.35x2x(50-3)(10+0.3/2x10)2x0.5x1.33
qa=51.36t/m2
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Annexure-III
For Rocky strata
i) UCS Criteria
Safe bearing pressure
qs= qcNj
Where
qs= safe bearing pressure (gross)
qc = average uniaxial compressive strength of rock cores,
Nj= empirical coefficient depending on the spacing of discontinuities
3 + S/B1
10 √(1+300 δ/S
Classification No I II III IV V
IS – 12070-1987
In instant case
RMR have been taken as 31
Safe bearing pressure = qns= 103 t/m2 (say 100t/m2)
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