NEONATAL INCUBATOR
Osorio Nicolás, Ospina Daniela, Pérez Alejandro,
niko9306@hotmail.com, Ingdanny89@hotmail.com, alejandro-p91@hotmail.com
UNIVERSIDAD MANUELA BELTRAN
Abstract
An incubator is a treatment equipment specially
designed for premature babies this equipment
allows to control the temperature and humidity for
babies, the temperature control is diverse and
sophisticated control systems to not affect the
integrity of the baby and not have problems in
equipment since today have been implemented
advanced monitoring systems where weight
control is included, respiration depending on the
complexity of the unit this laboratory is intended
to design an incubator that controls the variables
of temperature and moisture through an interface
graph where specified temperature and humidity
inside the device.
Key Words: incubator, equipment, weight,
temperature, humidity.
I. INTRODUCTION
The incubator is a method of artificial treatment
which supplies the baby or premature through
apparatus stability in temperature and humidity by
means of control and monitoring when they can’t
continue the cycle of normal gestation the main
purpose of such equipment is precisely control the
growth and control of vital signs of a baby this
computer uses thermodynamic principles as is the
convection heating implemented with a series of
circuits and control stages is achieved that the
baby can be well.
The VM must be able to monitor the temperature
control can be performed by means of on / off a
when a certain temperature reaches a set point
activate a series of fans expel this temperature to
prevent the glass from fogging in some equipment
controls vital signs is implemented to have at most
this is premature monitored by sensors previously
calibrated and adjusted.
II. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
INCUBATOR: Incubator is a medical treatment
team that has a camera, into which is placed the
infant in order to provide a controlled
environment. Depending on the type of incubator,
you can control the temperature, humidity
surrounding the patient. Incubator patient transfers
heat mainly by convection principle, that is, heat
transfer is performed by the movement of a fluid
in this case moving air. The heater control unit or
heat activated by an electrical signal, which is
directly proportional to the difference between the
measured temperature and the reference value
preset by the operator. The control variable may
be the temperature of the air produced by the
heating of the incubator or the skin temperature of
the infant. Temperature control can be performed
in two ways: Air Control Mode: The nurse sets a
value of temperature control a benchmark of air
inside the incubator. The heating system will work
so that the temperature inside reaches the
reference value. Generally, the nurse has
monitoring and display of reference temperatures,
the interior of the incubator and the patient (for
which, a temperature sensor is used). In the case
that the control system detects the incubator
temperature differences between air control and
camera and that these differences exceed the
previously established range, equipment alarms
will skyrocket; in some cases they are quite
complicated when the heating system and security
control is disabled. Control mode or servo-
controlled patient: The nurse establishes a
reference value of the desired temperature in the
neonate; thus the heating system will be in
operation until the patient reaches the desired
temperature previously scheduled. To achieve
this, the incubator needs to take samples
continuously the actual temperature of the patient,
which is achieved by placing a temperature
sensor; this continuous monitoring is the source
that feeds the system to direct the operation of the
heater.
Components of a neonatal incubator:
 Control: Temp. And Humidity.
 Skin temperature.
 Patient temperature sensor.
 General system failure.
 Air intake filters.
 Alarms.
III. METHODOLOGY
For our prototype implement a neonatal incubator
that allows control through an interface in
LabVIEW to achieve interact with the user of
biomedical equipment, in addition to this are to
include the steps of temperature, humidity and
control them, in order to make a efficient and
servo-controlled system, according to that in
picture 1, we can find a block diagram as going to
implement the device, which will be according to
what will develop.
Image 1. Block Diagram of Neonatal Incubator.
Image 2. Example about Prototype of Neonatal
incubator
IV. MATERIALS AND METHODS
In the design of the incubator both electronic,
electrical and mechanical, different materials and
mechanisms used to complement the physical
design of biomedical equipment, to implement
this and the following materials were used with
the following functions are used:
• Heat resistance (110V): heats the air
entering the incubator, allowing heat
inside the device to maintain a set
temperature.
• WATER HEATER (110V): Allows
humidify the environment to maintain the
relative humidity it takes hold inside the
incubator according to the need required
by the patient.
• RELAYS: Control voltage step enabling
the passage of current according to the
need required by the control.
• FANS (12V): A fan type air into the
machine and other handles expel air
flowing into the incubator.
• TEMPERATURE SENSOR (LM35):
performs temperature census, according
to their values change voltage delivery.
• HUMIDITY SENSOR (HS1101):
According to its variation must be
linearized by a 555, he gives us a
frequency which according to the
information contained in the datasheet
values are set humidity variation.
• ARDUINO UNO: Works as the
microcontroller of the device, for it is
responsible for controlling all the
electronics, receive and transmit
 information for controlling the computer, incubator (location of sensors for correct reading
also behaves as the brain of the device. of information).
• ACRYLIC DOME: Incubators as To vary a friendly interface was developed with
biomedical equipment according to the user so that it could develop proper
technical regulations, regulations that communication with the interface and so does the
come with the dome must be user has the possibility to enter faster and much
manufactured in acrylic anticorrosive. more easily information, so that it no mistakes in
• BASE WOOD: For the prototype timber scheduling variables when entering a patient
was used to be a material that resists the newborn in picture 4, we show the interface with
weight and temperature supports it which the user interacts with the biomedical
without changing its physical properties device and likewise in the image 5, a part of the
to a certain value, was painted white to programming and control shown temperature
simulate the color is handled in the where the integration is performed of temperature,
Neonatal ICU. this interface was designed in LabVIEW software.
• Diodes, transistors, resistors and H
bridge to handle fan power.
• LABVIEW: This software perform all
the programming interface and
standardization of sensors according to
reference values, according to this whole
interaction was performed with the user
where a simulation where the user could
freely choose the values held temperature
and relative humidity, as well as display
the same value that was obtained from
the incubator.

V. RESULTS

As obtained in the laboratory and in practice the Image 4. Interface of neonatal incubator.
following prototype according to the preset was
made in the methodology:

Image 5. Control PID of temperature

Image 3. Protoype of Neonatal Incubator in
Simulation Laboratory UMB.
Regarding the design it was modified and was
designed from the beginning all the aspects that
make the machine out as similar to a patentable
medical device, for it took into account the
manufacturing materials, electronic devices used
were taken into account and protocols using an
(integration)
VI. ANALYSIS OF RESULTS
With respect to that obtained in practice, the
biomedical device could be made, taking into
account the real aspects of a real team, for that
sensors were installed on the surface of the drink,
also the mechanisms correctly were located to
control flow air inside the incubator, also the
design of the machine with the most tightness was
generated, to prevent leakage of temperature and
humidity.
Control:
The control is made by a servo-controlled system,
so that executes an accumulation of the
temperature data and makes integration to give as
result the temperature value, i.e. which it behaves
as a system similar to PID .
• It was identified that the sensor currently used
is the HS1101 sensor, for making relative
humidity, in the industry is the sensor used
and therefore knew how to linearize it and
operate it according to their variability
frequency.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

Temperature: [1] Dinerstein N., Alejandro; González, María

The incubator in control temperature according to
a maximum value and a minimum value from
entering the patient, so it could control the
temperature according to the weight of the
newborn, according to that you can control the
temperature in two different ways with the same
goal, also the heater was intended to heat the air to
a temperature to control average was found.
Humidity:
To control humidity with HS1101 sensor
linearization according to not deliver voltage
values but delivers a frequency value, which
combined with 555 changes the frequency and
likewise that frequency is the result for the
algorithm is performed which makes me that
frequency in a preset percentage of relative
humidity.
Aurelia; Brundi, Mónica Humanizacion en la
atención neonatal Revista del Hospital Materno
Infantil Ramón Sardá, vol. 19, núm. 4, 2000, pp.
173-176 Hospital Materno Infantil Ramón Sardá
Buenos Aires, Argentina
[2] Dávalos Pinto, J.; Ávila Córdova, E.
Identificación del mezclador de gases de la nueva
incubadora neonatal BAN Industrial Data, vol. 12,
núm. 1, enero-junio, 2009, pp. 21-26 Universidad
Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Lima, Perú.
[3] Buscaglia, Juan Carlos; Carduzo, Carlos
Proyecto de incubadora para prematuros de muy
bajo peso de nacimiento Revista del Hospital
Materno Infantil Ramón Sardá, vol. 19, núm. 1,
2000, pp. 18-20 Hospital Materno Infantil Ramón
Sardá Buenos Aires, Argentina

VI. CONCLUTIONS

• It was determined that to establish a proper

sealing of the device should provide for
specific measures, which do not allow the
escape of heat or moisture, since this affects
the reading of the data and comparing with
the thermo-hygrometer will not be possible
correct comparison.

• It was established that for a servo control,

must implement a system that performs a
comparison of the same information and
integrates it or derive depending on the
information received.

• It is understood that for a modern incubator

closed servo control should be performed,
because if control is performed ON-OFF can
affect the integrity of the newborn, so it may
possibly be proposed as an adverse event in
the ICU Neonates.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

➢ http://www.udb.edu.sv/udb/archivo/guia/biomedica-tecnologico/equipo-medico-de-
tratamiento/2012/ii/guia-6.pdf
➢
http://www.draeger.com/sites/assets/PublishingImages/Segments/CSA/Hospital/Downloa
d -Center/Cuidados%20Neonatales/NICU_Booklet_Preview.pdf
➢ http://www.bioingenieria.edu.ar/grupos/geic/biblioteca/Trabypres/P06EPPe02.pdf
https://cdn.fbsbx.com/v/t59.2708-
21/14736554_102026364381…oh=8b17c1980be6b6ddbdde73b7a64996fb&oe=580971FF&dl=1 19/10/
8:22 a.m.
Pá
a
3