International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics

Volume 119 No. 14 2018, 669-673

ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version)
url: http://www.ijpam.eu
Special Issue
ijpam.eu

   
POWER FACTOR CORRECTION FOR SMPS APPLICATION BY USING ZETA CONVERTER

R.Preetha1
1
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, IFET College of Engineering, Villupuram, India
2
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, IFET College of Engineering, Villupuram, India
3
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, IFET College of Engineering, Villupuram, India

Abstract- The analysis, design, modeling, and 2. Zeta Coverter

development of a switched-mode power supply (SMPS)
for computers are presented here for improved power Similar to the SEPIC DC/DC converter topology, the
quality (PQ). This project deals with power factor ZETA converter topology provides a positive output
correction based ZETA converter for SMPS applications. voltage from an input voltage that varies above and
Isolated converter is used for dc to dc conversion in the below the output voltage. The ZETA converter also
output of the circuit. The bridgeless ZETA converter is needs two inductors and a series capacitor, sometimes
used for power factor correction in the input ac supply called a flying capacitor. Unlike the SEPIC converter,
voltage. The ZETA converter operates as power factor which is configured with a standard boost converter, the
correction, rectification, and buck-boost to the input ZETA converter is configured from a buck controller that
voltage. PWM pulses are given from PWM generator. drives a high-side PMOSFET. The ZETA converter is
Switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) are used in PCs another option for regulating an unregulated input-power
to provide multiple dc outputs for its different parts. It is supply, like a low-cost wall wart. To minimize board
designed to attain unity power factor and low-harmonics space, a coupled inductor can be used. This article
distortion at the input ac main with regulated multiple dc explains how to design a ZETA converter running in
output voltages. continuous-conduction mode (CCM) with a coupled
inductor.
Keywords – ZETA converter, Power factor correction,
Rectification, Buck-boost, Harmonics distortion.
2.1 Basic Circuit Of Zeta Converter
1. Introduction
Three power converters i.e Bridge rectifier, boost
converter and isolation dc to dc converter. Input AC
power is converting into DC power by diode bridge
rectifier. Power factor correction converter is used to
boost the DC voltage from rectifier and maintain the
power factor at unity. Isolated dc to dc converter is used
to convert the DC power into variable ranges of DC
power to the output. This pic controller is used to provide
gate pulse to the transistor switches used in the power
converters. Fig.1 Equivalent circuit

In this paper two power converters i.e Bridgeless zeta
converter and isolated dc to dc converter. Input AC
power is converting into DC power by bridgeless zeta
converter and it is a buck – boost DC-DC converter and
it has in built filter circuit. Here the boost operation and
ripples in the rectifier output is performed by this
converter. Isolated dc to dc converter is used to convert
the DC voltage into variable DC voltages.
Microcontroller is used to provide gate pulse to the
transistor switches used in the power converters.
It consisting of an input capacitor, CIN; an output
capacitor, COUT; coupled inductors L1a and L1b; an AC
coupling capacitor, CC; a power PMOS FET, Q1; and a
diode, D1. Figure 2 shows the ZETA converter operating
in CCM when Q1 is on and when Q1 is off.
To understand the voltages at the various circuit nodes, it
is important to analyze the circuit at DC when both
switches are off and not switching. Capacitor CC will be
in parallel with COUT, so CC is charged to the output
voltage, VOUT, during steady-state CCM.

  

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Fig.2 ZETA converter during CCM operation
It shows the voltages across L1a and L1b during CCM
operation.When Q1 is off, the voltage across L1b must
be VOUT since it is in parallel with COUT. Since COUT is
charged to VOUT, the voltage across Q1 when Q1 is off
is VIN + VOUT; therefore the voltage across L1a is –VOUT
relative to the drain of Q1. When Q1 is on, capacitor
CC, charged to VOUT, is connected in series with L1b; so
the voltage across L1b is +VIN, and diode D1 sees VIN +
VOUT. The currents flowing through various circuit
components.
When Q1 is on, energy from the input supply is being
stored in L1a, L1b, and CC. L1b also provides IOUT.
When Q1 turns off, L1a’s cur-rent continues to flow
from current provided by CC, and L1b again provides
IOUT.
3. Power Factor
Modern electronic equipment does not represent a
completely passive load to the AC main or power line.
Historically, load have been fairly begin, Having either
resistive characteristics (light bulbs) or input current that
are sinusoidal but phase –shifted (AC motors). Most
electronic systems now use one or more switch mode
power converters that will trend to draw current from the
power line in a non-sinusoidal fashion.
This input current characteristic result in current and
possibly voltage distortions that can create problems with
other equipment connected to the power line and degrade
the capability of the mains. These problems have led to
the creation of design standards for the purpose of
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limiting the allowable harmonic distortion on the power
line. Fortunately, solutions are available for meeting
these standards. These solutions are referred to as power
correction (PFC) techniques.
We will then examine the characteristics of the off-line
rectifier, which is the most common front –end for
conventional switch mode power supplies. The possible
effect of high harmonic distortion and low power factor
will be discussed along with the trade of involved in
correcting them. Examples will be provided of both
passive and active correction techniques. The status of
the latest international standards for harmonic distortion
and power factor will be discussed along with general
design strategies for achieving compliance with them.
4. Existing System
Existing system consists of three power converters i.e
Bridge rectifier, boost converter and isolation dc to dc
converter. Input AC power is converting into DC power
by diode bridge rectifier. Power factor correction
converter is used to boost the DC voltage from rectifier
and maintain the power factor at unity. Isolated dc to dc
converter is used to convert the DC power into variable
ranges of DC power to the output. Ds pic controller is
used to provide gate pulse to the transistor switches used
in the power converters.
4.1 Disadvantages Of Existing System
1. Large number of components are needed.
2. Switching loss is high.
3. Efficiency is low.
4.2 Block Diagram Of Existing System
Fig.3 Block Diagram of existing system
5. Proposed System
Proposed system consists of two power converters i.e
Bridgeless zeta converter and isolated dc to dc
converter. Input AC power is converting into DC
International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Special Issue

   
power by bridgeless zeta converter and it is a buck –
boost DC-DC converter and it has in built filter
circuit. Here the boost operation and ripples in the
rectifier output is performed by this converter.
Isolated dc to dc converter is used to convert the DC
voltage into variable DC voltages. Microcontroller is
used to provide gate pulse to the transistor switches
used in the power converters.

5.1 Block Diagram Of Proposed System

Fig.6 Input voltage

Fig.7 Output waveform

Fig.4 Block diagram of proposed system
7. Overview Of Hardware
5.2 Advantages Of Proposed System
1. Due to the bridgeless operation the size and cost
of circuit is low.
2. Switching loss is low.
3. High efficiency.
4. Low ripples in DC output.

6. Simulaton Performance

Fig.8 Hardware circuit

Fig.5 Simulation circuit diagram
8. Conclusion
An improved power factor correction for SMPS by using
ZETA converter has been designed and its performance
has been simulated and implemented in hardware. A
ZETA dc–dc converter has been used at front end for
PFC which has improved the PQ at the utility interface
significantly. The major advantages of a ZETA converter
are its simple design and ease of control. An
experimental prototype of the proposed SMPS has also
been developed and test results have confirmed the

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validity of the simulation, modeling, and design. The ac
current THD is found less than 5% under varying input
voltages and loads. From these test results, it is evident
that the PFC has been remarkably improved and it has
stiffly regulated dc output voltages for a wide range of
varying loads and input supply voltages. On the whole,
the proposed design is very simple and adheres to PFC
norms, thereby making it much better than the existing
conventional design for the computer SMPS.
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