Paper III Section A

[28 marks]
Answer all questions in this section.
You are advised to spend 60 minutes on this section.

1. A students carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the length of air column, l,
and the temperature, θ, for a fixed mass of air. The air is trapped by concentrated sulphuric acid in a
capillary tube.
Diagram 1.1 shows the thermometer and capillary tube tied on a metre rule. The sealed end of the
capillary tube is placed at the zero mark on the scale of the ruler.

the thermometer and capillary tube are placed into a beaker filled with water. The arrangement of the
apparatus is shown in Diagram 1.2.

Ice cubes are put into the beaker until the temperature, θ, reaches 0 °C. The actual reading of the length
of the air column, l, is shown in Diagram 1.4.
Then the beaker is heated until the temperature, θ, reaches 20 °C.
The actual corresponding reading of the length of the air column, l, is shown in Diagram 1.5.
The procedure of the heating process is repeated with temperatures, θ = 30 °C, 40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C and
70 °C.
The actual corresponding readings of the lengths of the air column, l, are shown in Diagrams 1.6, 1.7,
1.8, 1.9 and 1.10.
(a) For the experiment described, identify:
(i) The manipulated variable

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[1 mark]
(ii) The responding variable

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[1 mark]
 (iii) The constant variable

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[1 mark]
(b) Diagram 1.3 shows the meniscus of the concentrated sulphuric acid inside the capillary tube.

(i) State the correct position of the eye while taking the reading of the length of the air column.

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[1 mark]
(ii) Based on Diagram 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.8, 1.9 and 1.10, determine the lengths of air column, l, and
their corresponding temperature, θ.
Tabulate your results for θ and l in the space below.

[5 marks]
(c) On a piece graph paper, plot a graph of l against θ [5 marks]
(d) Based on your graph, state the relationship between l and θ.

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[1 mark]
(e) State one precaution that should be taken to obtain the accurate readings of l.

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[1 mark]
2. A student carried out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the angle of incidence, i and
the angle of refraction r. The arrangement of the apparatus is shown in Figure 1.
 At the beginning of the experiment, the incident ray strikes the boundary of the glass block at an angle
of 30° with the normal. The position of the refracted ray is marked with crosses. The experiment is
repeated for i = 40°, 50°, 60° and 70°. The corresponding refracted rays produced from the different
angles of incidence are shown in Figures 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. [Figures 2 to 6 are drawn to actual scale]

(a) For the experiment described, identify:

(i) The manipulated variable
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[1 mark]
(ii) The responding variable
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[1 mark]
(iii) The constant variable
________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(b) Measure the angles of refraction, r, in Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6 where the incident rays are different.
Tabulate your results for i, r, sin i and sin r. [6 marks]

(c) Draw a graph for sin i versus sin r on the graph paper. [5 marks]
(d) Based on your graph, state the relationship between sin i and sin r.

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[1 mark]
(e) Determine the gradient of the graph and hence determine the refractive index of the glass block .
[1 mark]
 Section B
[12 marks]
Answer any one question from this section.
You are advised to spend 30 minutes on this section.

3. Before going on a long journey, Shareena measured the air pressure in the tyre of her car, as shown in
Figure 3.1. She found that the air pressure in the tyre was 190 kPa. After the journey, Shareena
measured again the air pressure in the tyre as shown in Figure 3.2. She found that the air pressure in the
tyre had increased to 235 kPa. Shareena also found that the tyre became hot after the journey. However
the size of the tyre remained the same.

Using the information on Shareena’s observation on the air pressure in the tyre;
(a) Make one suitable inference. [1 mark]
(b) State one appropriate hypothesis that could be investigated. [1 mark]
(c) Design an experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in (b).
Choose suitable apparatus such as a pressure gauge, a round bottom flask and others.
In your description, state clearly the following;
(i) aim of the experiment,
(ii) variables in the experiment,
(iii) list of apparatus and materials,
(iv) arrangement of the apparatus,
(v) the procedure of the experiment, which includes the method of controlling the manipulated
variable and the method of measuring the responding variable,
(vi) the way you would tabulate the data,
(vii) the way you would analyse the data. [10 marks]

4. A load is attached to one end of a spiral spring as shown in Figure 2. It is found that the length of the
spring increases each time a load is added to it.

Based on the above observation:

(a) Make one suitable inference. [1 mark]
(b) Construct a hypothesis that enables an experiment to be carried out to study the extension of a
loaded spring. [1 mark]
(c) Describe an experiment to verify the hypothesis and in the description, state or give the following:
(i) Aim of the experiment
(ii) Variables involved in the experiment
(iii) Apparatus list
(iv) Apparatus setup
(v) the procedure of the experiment, which includes the method of controlling the manipulated
variable and the method of measuring the responding variable,
(vi) the way you would tabulate the data,
(vii) the way you would analyse the data. [10 marks]